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To evaluate mean change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 52 weeks in patients with inflammatory choroidal neovascularization (CNV) treated with aflibercept.We conducted a prospective non-comparative open-label trial. Following one mandatory intravitreal injection of aflibercept, patients were treated under a pro re nata (PRN) dosing regimen with monthly visits.A total of 19 patients were included, but one presented exclusion criteria; 16 patients were followed for the whole 52-week study, and data for the primary endpoint analysis were available for 14. At baseline, mean BCVA and mean central retinal thickness (CRT) were 64.53 (±19.64) letters and 351.79 (±97.77) μm, respectively. At 52 weeks, the mean change in BCVA was +9.50 (±12.90) letters [95%CI = +2.05-+16.95]. One patient had lost more than 15-letters at 24 weeks, and another one at 52 weeks. CRT change was -62.77 (±100.73) μm at 24 weeks and -66.53 (±97.47) μm at 52 weeks. There was a mean number of 3.56 (±3.29) intravitreal injections at 52 weeks (min = 1; max = 12). No serious ocular adverse events related to the treatment were reported.Our study shows that aflibercept is clinically effective, both anatomically and functionally in the treatment of inflammatory CNV. Following the first injection, the PRN strategy appears sufficient for treating most choroidal neovessels.

This study identified the causes of accidents and injuries in the construction industry among 300 workers in Jeddah City, situated on the coast of the Red Sea of Saudi Arabia. Results from the questionnaire showed that the major cause of accidents and injuries is the lack of awareness about occupational safety and lack of experience among the workers (> 82%); and the most common type of accidents and injuries that occur in the construction industry, are workers falling from a height (>80%), and electrical shock (>60%). Recommendations to prevent accidents and injuries in this industry are provided in this paper.

Purpose: To present the case of a patient with a hypertensive choroidopathy and her follow-up using multimodal imaging; and to assess how wide-field swept-source (SS) Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) contributes to detecting the areas of hypoperfusion. Observations: A 25-year-old white woman with terminal renal insufficiency, myopericarditis, and cerebrospinal fluid pressure of 37 mmHg indicating intracranial hypertension, presented with a painless loss of vision in both eyes. Her blood pressure was 190/135 mmHg. A thorough diagnosis work-up failed to reveal the etiology. The fundus examination showed arterial narrowing and moderate venous dilation in both eyes. Deep yellow spots were found bilaterally, associated with slight pigment epithelium detachments and exudative retinal detachments. Multimodal imaging showed characteristic features of choroidal involvement in hypertension. Wide-field 12 × 12 mm PlexElite map montage at the choriocapillaris slab identified areas of non-perfusion of the choriocapillaris. These areas mostly correlate with late indocyanine green angiography (ICGA)-presumed choroidal ischemia. During the follow-up, the patient's blood pressure normalized and the choriocapillaris flow improved. Conclusions and importance: In this case of malignant hypertensive retinopathy with exudative retinal detachment of the posterior pole, SS-OCTA showed multiple and widespread flow voids on the choriocapillaris slabs, corresponding to the areas of hypofluorecence on ICGA, demonstrating an associated hypertensive choroidopathy. It would appear that SS-OCTA used alone is capable to show choroidal vascularization impairment in cases of hypertensive retinopathy. Keywords: Hypertensive choroidopathy, Multimodal imaging, Swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography

PURPOSE To analyze the incidence, risk factors, and time to onset of ocular hypertension (OHT) after intravitreal injections (IVI) of dexamethasone implant and to evaluate the long-term cumulative probability of intraocular pressure elevation. METHODS Eyes of patients having received at least one dexamethasone implant IVI between October 2010 and February 2015 were included in the present study. Ocular hypertension was defined as intraocular pressure > 25 mmHg and/or an increase of 10 mmHg over the follow-up period compared with baseline intraocular pressure. RESULTS Four hundred ninety-four eyes were studied in 410 patients. For a total of 1,371 IVI, the incidence of OHT was 32.6% in the study eyes with a mean follow-up period of 30 months (3-62.5) and a median follow-up of 29 months. Pressure-lowering treatment was introduced for 36.9% of eyes. Topical treatment alone was sufficient to manage OHT in 97%. Young age, male sex, uveitis and retinal vein occlusion, and glaucoma treated with a double- or triple-combination topical pressure-lowering medication were found to be risk factors for OHT. The incidence of OHT did not change with an increase in the number of IVI, and there was no cumulative effect, defining by an increase of the incidence of OHT in patients after repeated IVI (P = 0.248). CONCLUSION This study confirmed that OHT is of moderate incidence, transient, controlled by topical treatment and provides data on the long-term cumulative probability of intraocular pressure elevation in a large cohort of eyes treated with dexamethasone implant IVI. Repeat injections of dexamethasone implant neither increase nor decrease the risk of OHT.

In Saudi Arabia, the construction industry has been growing remarkably during the past several years. However, the most hazardous worksites in the country may be found in this industry. This study identified the causes of accidents and injuries in the construction industry among 300 workers in Jeddah City, situated on the coast of the Red Sea. Results from the questionnaire showed that the major cause of accidents and injuries is the lack of awareness about occupational safety and lack of experience among the workers (>82%); and the most common type of accidents and injuries that occur in the construction industry, are workers falling from a height (>80%), and electrical shock (>60%). Recommendations to prevent accidents and injuries in this industry are provided in this paper.