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Accessible summary Jordanian women reported double the rates of antenatal depression in comparison with developed countries. Further, no studies have been conducted here in Jordan that compares sociodemographic characteristics of women who have antenatal depression symptoms and women who do not have such symptoms., The results of this study revealed that Jordanian pregnant women who were smokers, less educated and those with high-parity pregnancy had a high tendency towards antenatal depressive symptoms., Nurses and midwives need to work together to prevent and predict antenatal depression. They need to identify the women who are suffering from it and effectively help them to protect the next generation from its negative effects., Abstract The objective of this study is to investigate the differences between Jordanian depressed women and non-depressed women in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics during their pregnancy. A convenience sample of 218 Jordanian pregnant women in their third trimester was selected for this study from three major Governorates in Jordan ( Amman, Irbid and Zarqa), and the antenatal clinics of teaching hospitals ( Jordan University Hospital and King Abdullah University Hospital) were accessed to collect the data. A demographical sheet and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ( EPDS) were used to collect data. There was a significant difference in EPDS scores between smokers and non-smokers, primiparous and multiparous women, and also between women with secondary or lower education and those with diploma or higher education. Higher EPDS scores were classified as a ≥13 and lower EPDS scores as <13. However, there were no significant differences in the age, income and sleeping hours for women with higher EPDS scores compared with those with lower EPDS scores. This study showed that there are differences between pregnant women who had depression symptoms and pregnant women who did not have depression symptoms in relation to some sociodemographic variables (smoking status, education level and parity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To identify knowledge and practices of breastfeeding mothers towards prevention of the emerging corona virus (COVID- 19)., Material and Methods: Cross-sectional design was used in this study. Data was collected via social media applications. Three hundred and seventy breastfeeding mothers completed the on-line survey. Questionnaire was assessing knowledge and practices of COVID- 19 related to breastfeeding., Results: The participating mothers have basic knowledge about COVID-19. Correct "Preventive measures" ranged from 84% to 99.7% but mothers have misconceptions regarding some modes of transmission, especially through blood & breast milk. In addition, they have a lack of understanding of how to deal with newborns of mothers infected or suspected to be infected with COVID-19 disease., Conclusion: Participants have basic knowledge about COVID-19 in general but they have improper preventive breastfeeding practices against the disease in particular. Nurses and midwives have the main role to increase awareness of breastfeeding mothers regarding preventive measures of COVID-19., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2022 The Author(s).)

Introduction: Nursing education needs to be improved in order to bridge the gap between education and clinical practice. However, clinical placements for nursing students are limited and student nurses often take merely an observer role, especially in critical situations. High-fidelity simulation (HFS) is a teaching method that can bridge the gap between education and clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of using HFS as a teaching method on clinical judgment among pediatric nursing students at the Arab American University utilizing a bacterial meningitis case scenario., Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a convenience sample of one hundred and fifty baccalaureate nursing students enrolled in a pediatric health nursing course. Nursing students were randomly assigned to high-fidelity simulation experience or traditional methods. The clinical judgment was assessed using Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric Tool., Results: Results revealed that the high-fidelity simulation experience has improved pediatric nursing students' clinical judgment. The mean clinical judgment differed significantly at post-test in the intervention group after the simulation (t (148) = 7.20, P < .001)., Conclusion: The HFS can be an effective tool to provide a safe and effective learning environment for pediatric nursing students, consequently improving their clinical judgment.

This case report presented our experience of teaching male student nurses a midwifery course. The aim was to present the teaching experience of midwifery module to male undergraduate nursing students at the School of Nursing at The Hashemite University. In teaching a midwifery course, an educational approach has been adopted, focusing on a more holistic perspective of the problem in its own contextual nursing environment. Using Problem Based Learning (PBL) as a model of education instead of the traditional way of teaching played a major role in overcoming the challenges of involving male students in midwifery module education in Jordanian conservative culture., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2020 Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing.)

The associations of individualistic versus collectivistic value orientations with suicidal ideation and attempts, attitudes towards suicide and towards suicidal individuals, and psychological distress were investigated across 12 nations ( N = 5572 university students). We expected differential associations of value orientations with suicidal behavior and moderating effects of the prevailing value orientations in the various countries. Findings showed that intermediate levels of individualism appeared protective against suicide attempts across all investigated nations, but that, otherwise, there seemingly are no universal associations of individualism and collectivism with suicidal behaviors. High collectivism was associated with less suicidal ideation only in individualistic countries. Low individualism appeared to be a risk factor for suicidal ideation specifically in Muslim collectivistic cultures, whereas high individualism in Asian collectivistic cultures. Collectivistic values are uniformly associated with less permissive attitudes to suicide, whereas individualistic values with a more stigmatized view of suicidal behavior. Both individualistic and collectivistic values were associated with socially accepting attitudes to a suicidal peer, helping a suicidal friend, and emotional involvement. The associations of individualistic and collectivistic values with disapproving attitudes to suicidal disclosure were complex. Beliefs in punishment after death for suicide, seeing suicide as mental illness, and emotional involvement with a suicidal friend were lower in high-suicide-rate countries. These evidence patterns are discussed in the light of related research evidence, along with directions for future research in this area., (Copyright © 2020 Eskin, Tran, Carta, Poyrazli, Flood, Mechri, Shaheen, Janghorbani, Khader, Yoshimasu, Sun, Kujan, Abuidhail, Aidoudi, Bakhshi, Harlak, Moro, Phillips, Hamdan, Abuderman, Tsuno and Voracek.)

Background: Education is the cornerstone supporting breastfeeding practices. However, the traditional oral education method cannot always satisfy the learning needs of mothers., Objective: to measure the effectiveness of prenatal web-based breastfeeding education program for Jordanian pregnant mothers in their third trimester of pregnancy on enhancing knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy of breastfeeding after giving birth., Methods: prospective randomized control trial design was used with sample consisted of 112 pregnant mothers who were recruited from one antenatal clinic in Irbid Governorate. Data collection instruments were the infant feeding knowledge and attitudes (IIFAS) and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES) were used to measure self efficacy, knowledge and attitudes regarding breastfeeding., Results: Participants of the experimental group were at moderate level of BSES in pre and post intervention with increasing the number of mothers in the same level post intervention. Participants were at a neutral level of IIFAS in both groups generally, they were neither positive to breastfeeding nor to bottle feeding. There was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups on post- intervention scores on BSES and IIFAS., Conclusion: This study is considered the first trial to use new teaching methodologies as internet and website in teaching mothers about breastfeeding. Despite that there were not differences between intervention and control groups, web-based breastfeeding education program may contribute in improving breastfeeding self efficacy., Implications: Inclusion prenatal web-based breastfeeding education in antenatal clinics at MCHC centers of Ministry of Health. Further research is needed to replicate this study in other Jordanian health settings., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Studies of different cultures have reported that expectant fathers experience physiological and psychological changes during their partner's pregnancy. These symptoms are classed as Couvade Syndrome (sympathetic pregnancy) symptoms. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Couvade Syndrome among Jordanian expectant fathers. A descriptive quantitative research design that utilized the Men's Health During Partners' Pregnancy (MHDPP) questionnaire was employed to collect data from three Maternal and Child Health Care Centers in public hospitals. A total of 449 participants completed the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the sample and the main variables. Chi-square tests were conducted to find the relationship between the pregnancy trimester and the specific Couvade Syndrome symptom. Jordanian expectant fathers experienced high rates of Couvade Syndrome (59.1%). The prevalence of Couvade Syndrome among the participants is considered to be the highest reported rate when compared to the results of previous studies. This rate may be due to the tendency among men in Jordan to have a strong desire for children soon after marriage and to have a strong commitment to family life. With a better understanding of the expectant father's response to pregnancy, health-care providers would be better able to provide them with the necessary support and education. This could contribute to the health and well-being of expectant fathers and their families.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to measure changes in the concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) in the mature breast milk of Jordanian mothers during the first 6 months after giving birth between exclusively breastfeeding (EBF) mothers and non-exclusively breastfeeding (non-EBF) mothers., Methods: A longitudinal follow-up design was used to measure changes in the concentration of IgG and IgM in the mothers' mature milk during the first 6 months after giving birth. Sixty-nine lactating mothers were recruited in this study. Breast milk samples were collected by mothers themselves in the first, fourth, and sixth months of lactation to measure IgG and IgM concentrations using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique., Results: There was a significant difference in IgG and IgM concentrations between EBF and non-EBF mothers. IgG was higher in the EBF mothers' milk than in the milk of non-EBF mothers, whereas IgM was not affected by the type of baby feeding., Conclusion: The concentration of immunoglobulins changes in human breast milk along with breastfeeding intervals. EBF enhances the concentration of IgG in breast milk compared to non-EBF., (© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Traditional practices during the first months of neonatal life are common in developing countries, such as Jordan. Many international studies and reports have highlighted the fact that traditional neonatal practices are the cause of high neonatal mortality and morbidity rates in some countries. The aim of the present study was to identify neonatal care practices in Jordan. A descriptive, qualitative research design was used across four Jordanian cities across diverse regions. Forty mothers of neonates were interviewed over a period of 6 months (from January to June 2016). Thematic and content analysis was undertaken following Braun and Clarke's six step analysis. The results indicated that in Jordan, home-based neonatal care comprises non-biomedical practices. Rubbing the neonate's skin with salt, swaddling, prelacteal feeding, and other treatment modalities are common. Further studies are necessary to determine and report on the pros and cons of these practices in regard to neonatal health., (© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

Dissatisfied pregnant women who are at higher risk of negative outcomes perinatally have not been identified in Jordan. The purposes of the researchers were to identify and compare sociodemographic characteristics of satisfied pregnant women with dissatisfied pregnant women. A non-experimental, descriptive, comparative design was employed. Jordanian pregnant women (n =203) were consecutively selected. We found that younger, better educated pregnant women with a high economic status and a small number of children were more satisfied with their lives. Practitioners can identify dissatisfied women and develop an educational and interventional package that focuses on improving satisfaction with life for pregnant mothers.

Background: Many international studies in the field of neonatal nursing have identified parental stress, coping difficulties, support issues, and various other experiences that are related to the birth of a preterm infant. However, no studies have assessed the interrelated issues of parental stress, social support, satisfaction, and nursing support in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Jordan., Purpose: This study describes the lived experiences, needs in relation to care, and support systems of parents whose neonates were admitted to the NICU., Methods: A qualitative design using a phenomenological approach was used to explore the experiences of Jordanian parents who gave birth to neonates in the NICU setting. Participants were recruited from the NICUs of government, teaching, and private hospitals. Data were collected using semistructured interviews that were conducted with parents in a suitable place. Ten participants were interviewed: eight mothers and two fathers. After interviews were transcribed, the methodology suggested by van Manen (1990) was used to analyze the data., Results: The shock, worry, and anxiety experienced by parents; the influences of NICU admission on the experiences of parents and families; the information and assistance required and received by parents from healthcare professionals; and the emotions and satisfaction of parents were the main themes that emerged from the study to reflect the lived experience of parents of neonates in the NICU., Conclusions/implications for Practice: The parents in this study were satisfied with the healthcare process in the NICUs, even when this care did not fulfill their expectations or needs for their infants. Nurses in the NICUs must develop interventions and strategies that minimize the stress experienced by parents and that support the emotional capacity of parents to deal with this stressful situation.

This study investigated the prevalence of suicidal behavior and psychological distress in university students across 12 nations. A total of 5,572 university students from 12 countries were surveyed about suicide ideation, suicide attempts, and psychological distress by means of a self-administered questionnaire. Almost 29% of the samples reported having contemplated suicide and 7% reported attempting suicide. Of the total sample, 51.1% scored above the General Health Questionnaire-12 ≥ 3 cut-off points, 41.6% above the GHQ-12 ≥ 4 cut-off points, and 33.8% scored above the GHQ-12 ≥ 5 cut-off points. While odds of suicide ideation were elevated in Austria and the UK, reduced ORs were detected for China, Italy, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and Turkey. Similarly, while odds of suicide attempt were high in Jordan, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, and to some extent in Turkey, reduced ORs were observed for Austria, China, Italy, Japan and the United States. Elevated ORs for psychological distress were seen in Japan, Jordan, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and Turkey but reduced ORs were noted in Austria, China, Iran, Italy, and the United States. Psychological distress was strongly associated with reports of suicide ideation and attempts. Suicide ideation, suicide attempt, and psychological distress are common in university students but their rates vary depending on the sociocultural context. Due attention should be devoted to the mental health needs of young adults enrolled in higher educational institutions and more cross-cultural research is warranted to better understand the etiology of the observed intersocietal variations in suicidal behavior and psychological distress.

Purpose: To identify the practice of Jordanian women regarding colostrum and complementary feeding during the postpartum period., Study Design and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive design was used to investigate the practices of colostrum and complementary feeding. A convenience sample of 572 postpartum women was recruited from postpartum units at three governmental hospitals and three private hospitals. Data were collected in two phases. In the first phase, trained research assistants conducted face-to-face structured interviews with the participants at the hospital. In the second phase, follow-up phone interviews were conducted at the end of the first month after birth., Results: Almost all of the postpartum women breastfeed colostrum to their infants. Further, 79% of postpartum women intended to give their infants fluids other than breast milk and 68% of them actually gave fluids to their infants by the end of the first month., Clinical Implications: Postpartum Jordanian women value colostrum and breastfeed it to their infants. However, they generally start introducing complementary feeding to their infants during the postpartum period, which would discontinue exclusive breastfeeding practices and alter the nutritional status of the infants later in their life. Therefore, nurses and midwives should emphasize, through their antenatal and postnatal care, the recommended practices of exclusive breastfeeding up to the sixth month and complementary feeding.

Objective: of this study is to investigate the prevalence, duration, practices and barriers of Exclusive breast feeding (EBF) among Jordanian mothers in three major governorates., Design: longitudinal, prospective design was used in this study., Settings and Participants: convenience sample of 572 pairs of postpartum mothers-infants were recruited from postpartum wards at three governmental hospitals and three private hospitals in major Jordanian governorate., Measurements and Findings: data were collected in two phases. In the first phase, trained research assistants conducted face to face structured interviews with participating mothers at the hospital. In the second phase, the research assistants conducted follow up phone interviews at the end of first, fourth and sixth months after birth. The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of EBF as recommended by WHO was 1%. The average duration of EBF was one month. The main barriers of EBF were: infants feel hungry after breast feeding, short period between pregnancies, and breast problems., Key Conclusions: postpartum mothers initiated EBF practice within the first hour after giving birth; however, this practice declined gradually as the infant grew up within the first six months after birth., Implications for Practice: antenatal education sessions in the Jordanian governmental hospitals about EBF are required to meet the WHO recommendations. Furthermore, midwives and nurses have to focus on effective breast feeding process to overcome the barriers of EBF during antenatal education and postnatal care., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Antenatal depression has not been well studied worldwide. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and predictors of antenatal depression among Jordanian pregnant women in their third trimester. A correlational design was used with a convenience sample of 218 Jordanian pregnant women. Data were collected using valid and reliable measures and were analyzed with regression. Fifty-seven percent of the women displayed symptoms of depression. Thirty-seven percent (34% adjusted) of the variability in depression levels was predicted by knowing scores on life satisfaction, perceived stress, family and nonfamily stressful relationships, education, and parity. For that, antenatal depression needs early detection and treatment.

Unlabelled: In Jordan, despite being one of the most modern countries in the Middle East, postnatal care services are still under-utilized by rural Jordanian mothers. The purpose of this study is to explore, analyse and critique the postnatal cultural health beliefs, knowledge and practices of rural Jordanian mothers., Design: a critical ethnographic approach was used to critically investigate the cultural health issues of 13 rural Jordanian postpartum mothers from four rural areas in the Northeast governorate which is characterized rural populated governorate. The findings showed that rural Jordanian mothers depended on the cultural health beliefs and knowledge to perform the postnatal care practices., Conclusion and Recommendations: most of the rural Jordanian postpartum mothers depended on cultural beliefs and practices as a mode of health seeking behavior, in preference to available government health care services for care of their infants. Thus the rural Jordanian mothers are in need of supportive health educational services to increase their level of health knowledge and enhance the recommended health practices.