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The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance, feed intake, carcass traits, and economic aspects of cattle fed different levels of supplementation during the growing phase (mineral supplementation-MS; low protein supplementation-PS, at 0.15% of body weight (BW); and a high protein-energy supplementation-PES at 0.40% of BW) and finished on the pasture with concentrate supplementation at 1.6% of BW. Ninety bulls were distributed in a completely randomized design and allocated into paddocks predominantly composed of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu grass. During the finishing phase, cattle were managed in paddocks of Urochloa decumbens grass. The average daily gain (ADG) and total weight gain during the growing phase were not different between animals fed PS (0.670 kg/day; 57.1 kg, respectively) and PES (0.730 kg/day; 62.4 kg, respectively), but both differed significantly from those supplemented with MS (0.540 kg/day; 45.1 kg). There was no difference between groups for average daily gain and total weight gain during the finishing phase (0.600 kg/day; 48.3 kg) and the same response was observed for carcass yield (55.18%, on average). However, bulls fed PES had higher hot carcass weight compared with those supplemented with MS and PS. Protein supplementation (0.15% of BW) and protein-energy supplementation (0.40% of BW) improved beef cattle performance during the growing phase. However, supplementation during the growing phase has a small impact on cattle performance in the finishing phase, although protein-energy supplementation at the growing phase improves the hot carcass weight and carcass traits during the finishing phase.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T19:47:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 DSM Nutritional Products S.A. (Sao Paulo, Brazil) The effect of exogenous amylase on the in vitro rumen digestion kinetics of whole-crop maize silage made from dent (RB9004) or flint grain type (RB9308) was evaluated at different phenological stages: soft dough (SOD), early dent (EAD), 1/2 milkline (1/2M) and 3/4 milkline (3/4M). Forage was harvested from 70 to 110 days after sowing. Two rumen-cannulated cows receiving or not exogenous amylase (0.7 g/kg dry matter-DM, provided to achieve 396 kilo Novo units of amylase activity/kg of TMR DM) were used as donor of ruminal fluid. The in vitro gas production kinetics was evaluated according to a dual-pool logistic model. The chemical composition and gas production kinetics were affected by the hybrid and phenological stages. The flint hybrid had lower range for chemical analysis among physiological stages. Harvesting at 1/2M and 3/4M improved DM content, bromatological composition and silage quality parameters compared to dent or flint types. Amylase (i) increased methane (CH4) production and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) in 1/2M stage, (ii) improved digestion kinetics by reducing lag time and increasing total gas production and fermentation rates of non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and fibrous carbohydrates (FC), and (iii) increased extent and fermentation rate of NFC and increased fermentation rate of FC fraction in whole-crop maize silages produced from dent or flint types in all phenological stages. Harvesting between 1/2M and 3/4M is the best phenological stage to improve chemical composition and silage quality parameters. Exogenous amylase showed improvements on fibre digestion of silages at 1/2M and 3/4M phenological stages in both grain types of corn. Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Anim Prod, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Anim Nutr & Precis Dairy Farming, Juiz De Fora, MG, Brazil Univ Estadual Sudoeste Bahia, Dept Rural & Anim Technol, Itapetinga, Brazil DSM Nutr Prod SA, Sao Paulo, Brazil Embrapa Semiarid, Forage Crops & Anim Nutr, Petrolina, Brazil Univ Fed Sul & Sudeste Para, Inst Studies Humid Trop, Xinguara, Brazil Univ Fed Sao Joao del Rei, Dept Agr Sci, Sao Joao Del Rei, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Anim Prod, Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Objetivou-se avaliar a substituição de farelo de sorgo por palma forrageira associada à Brachiaria decumbens como fonte volumosa em silagens de dieta total. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos (0, 33,3, 66,6 e 100% de inclusão de palma na dieta) e oito repetições. Foram utilizados 32 silos experimentais de PVC, com 10 cm de diâmetro e 50 cm de comprimento, equipados com válvula de Bunsen. Foram realizadas análises químico-bromatológicas (MS, PB, Cinzas, EE, FDNcp, FDA, lignina, CT e NDT), determinação do pH, nitrogênio amoniacal, perda por efluente, perda por gases, perdas de matéria seca e recuperação de matéria seca das silagens. A palma forrageira é um aditivo que melhora as características da silagem. A substituição de 100% de farelo de sorgo pela palma em silagem de dieta total apresenta melhores valores para pH e nitrogênio amoniacal, menores perdas por gases, efluentes e de matéria seca e aumento na recuperação da matéria seca, além de melhorar a composição bromatológica das silagens.

This study aimed to evaluate different energy sources in multiple supplements on performance, intake and digestibility of Santa Ines sheep grazing urochloa grass (Urochloa mosambicensis) during the rainy season. The experimental area was divided into seven paddocks of four-ha each, with an average of dry matter (DM) availability of 3213.45 kg/ha. A completely randomized design was carried out, in which there were four treatments, and each treatment was repeated six times. Twenty-four intact lambs (average: 32 kg of body weight) were supplemented with a mineral mixture, the control group (MM), mesquite pod meal (MPM), wheat bran (WB) or sorghum grain (SG) as energy sources. The digestibility of DM and crude protein (CP) in MPM, and WB is higher than in MM and SG groups. The DM digestibility was higher in the WB group; however, there was no difference between the other treatments. Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) digestibility was similar between supplemented lambs, and it was higher than the MM. The supplementation promoted higher weight gain than in the control group (0.125 vs. 0.61 g/day, respectively; P

The objective was to evaluate the intake, digestibility, milk yield and composition of cows fed mesquite pod meal (MPM). Five crossbred dairy cows, with an average body weight of 450 ± 5 kg and producing 10 ± 1 kg of milk/day were distributed in a 5 × 5 Latin square arrangement with five periods of 20 days each, comprised of 15 days for adaptation to the experimental diets (T1 = 0%, T2 = 1.5%, T3 = 3.0%, T4 = 4.5% and T5 = 6.0% MPM) and 5 days for data collection. Variables were assessed by analysis of variance and regression at P

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar o consumo, coeficiente de digestibilidade dos nutrientes, produção e composição química do leite de vacas em lactação mantidas a pasto submetidas à diferentes sistemas alimentares: pasto exclusivo (PE); pasto associado à cana-de-açúcar e ureia a 1% da matéria natural total (PCU); pasto associado a 4 kg dia−1 de suplemento concentrado (PSC); pasto associado à silagem de sorgo e 2 kg dia−1 de suplemento concentrado (PSC), e pasto associado à silagem de sorgo (PSS). O delineamento experimental foi quadrado latino 5×5, constituído de cinco períodos experimentais, com quatorze dias de adaptação e cinco dias de coleta. O consumo matéria seca do pasto, matéria seca total, matéria seca em relação ao peso corporal, fibra em detergente neutro e nutrientes digestiveis totais, não apresentaram efeito (P>0,10) em função dos sistemas alimentares. Constatou-se efeito (P 0.10) depending on the feeding systems. It was observed effect systems (P

We evaluated the effect of inclusion of fine mesquite pod meal (FPM) in the diet on performance, preference and palatability of diets in feedlot lambs. Five diets were formulated with increasing levels of FPM (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0%). For performance evaluation, the design was completely randomized with five treatments and seven replications. For palatability and preference analysis, the same design was used, but the treatments consisted of diets with 0 and 3% FPM and fourteen replications. The palatability was assessed considering the amount of feed consumed within 30 min., and the preference, considering the feed intake after 24 hours. FPM had no influence on weight gain, but caused a reduction in intake and an increase in dry matter digestibility for inclusion level above 2.4%. The greatest contribution of FPM inclusion is due to the increase in neutral detergent fiber digestibility. The preference and palatability in feedlot lambs is not affected by the inclusion of 3% FPM.