2,442 results on '"Abelmoschus"'
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2. Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench seed extract alleviates acute acetaminophen induced liver damage in rats.
- Author
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Kocabey, Huseyin, Bekdas, Mervan, Cetinkaya, Ayhan, Duzcu, Selma Erdogan, Alisik, Murat, Dincel, Gokce Kaya, and Turel, Idris
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- *
ABELMOSCHUS , *ACETAMINOPHEN , *PLANT extracts , *ANTI-inflammatory agents , *OXIDATIVE stress - Abstract
Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP), commonly called the 'paracetamol', is one of the most regularly utilized medicines, particularly in children. When administered at the recommended doses, it is a safe medication. However, oxidative stress and inflammation caused by exposure to toxic doses lead to centrilobular hepatic necrosis. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is utilized in the therapy, however it has potential adverse effects. On the other hand, it is known that the seeds of the common vegetable Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (AE), a herbal product, possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities. In the present study, we explored whether AE can be used as an alternative to standard NAC therapy without any adverse effect in the treatment of acute APAP induced liver injury. Forty male Wistar rats were placed into five groups: Control, AE, APAP, APAP+AE and APAP+AE+NAC groups. Antioxidants such as native thiol and total thiol were found rised in the APAP group by adding AE (p =0.043 and p =0.028, respectively). Anti-inflammatory indicator IL-10 was also found increased, while marker ALT, which is a sign of hepatotoxicity, got decreased (P=0.005 and P <0.001, respectively). Histologically, AE has been shown to improve worsened congestion (P =0.003), cytoplasmic vacuolization (P =0.01), sinusoidal dilatation (P =0.001), Kupffer cell proliferation (P <0.001) and inflammation (P <0.001). These results suggest that the okra seeds may be a potential therapeutic agent for paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity and it can be attributed to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
3. The effect of okra powder on blood glucose levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A non-blinded randomized controlled trial
- Author
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Mahla Salarfard, Zahra Abedian, Seyed Reza Mazlum, Hasan Rakhshandeh, and Farideh Akhlaghi
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gestational diabetes mellitus ,diet therapy ,abelmoschus ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is one of the common medical complications during pregnancy, and a diet is the first line of treatment for it.Objectives: This study determined the effect of okra powder on the blood glucose levels of women with GDM who were on diet.Methods: This non-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted on 60 women with GDM who were randomly allocated into two groups. The usual diet for gestational diabetes was taught to both groups. The intervention group also consumed 6 grams of okra skin and seed powder orally in a divided dosage twice daily for 4 weeks. Before, two and four weeks after the start of the study, fasting and 2-hour postprandial glucose (PPG) was measured. The data were analyzed by t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square, and Friedman test.Results: The mean baseline fasting blood sugar (FBS) did not differ significantly between the women in the intervention and control groups (P=0.954). However, mean FBS was significantly lower in the intervention group at two weeks and four weeks after the baseline (P
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- 2023
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4. Development of EST-SSR markers using transcriptome data in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.): A genetically orphan crop
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Puneeth, P. V., Yadav, Ramesh K., Lata, Suman, Iquebal, Mir Asif, Talukdar, Akshay, Choudhary, H., and Tomer, Avinash
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- 2023
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5. The effect of Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Okra) extract supplementation on dietary intake, appetite, anthropometric measures, and body composition in patients with diabetic nephropathy
- Author
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Omid Nikpayam, Ehsan Safaei, Nazgol Bahreyni, Vahideh Sadra, Maryam Saghafi-Asl, and Laleh Fakhr
- Subjects
abelmoschus ,diabetic nephropathy ,anthropometry ,appetite ,clinical trial ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease because it induces nephropathy. Okra is a rich source of antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, and fibers, of which favorable effects in diabetes have been reported in many animal studies. The present trial aimed to investigate the effect of dried okra extract (DOE) supplementation on anthropometric measures, body composition, appetite, and dietary intake in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients. Methods: In this triple-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial, 64 DN patients were randomly allocated to receive a 125-mg capsule of DOE (n=32) or placebo (n=32) for 10 weeks. At baseline and endpoint of the trial, anthropometric variables, body composition indices, dietary intake, and appetite scores were evaluated. Results: The results showed that energy (P=0.047, CI: -425.87, -3.25, ES: 0.539) and carbohydrate (P=0.038, CI: -85.64, -2.53, ES: 0.555) intake as well as desire to eat salty food (P=0.023) were reduced in DOE group at the endpoint, compared to the baseline values. However, anthropometric measures, body composition, and appetite score were not significantly different between the two study groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present clinical trial showed that DOE could significantly decrease energy intake and carbohydrate consumption in the DN patients. Further clinical trials are needed to determine the effects of this supplement.
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- 2022
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6. Screening of Abelmoschus gene pools for sources of resistance to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita
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Holajjer, Prasanna, John, K. Joseph, Pandravada, S.R., Sivaraj, N., and Kodaru, Anitha
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- 2022
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7. Phenotypic variations among okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) genetic resources in Sudan
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Ibrahim Mohamed El Tahir
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Okra ,Genetic resources ,Characterization ,Abelmoschus ,Sudan ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
A total of 366 accessions of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) obtained from the Agricultural Plant Genetic Resources Conservation and Research Centre (APGRC) in Sudan were characterized for a number of morphological characters using a descriptor list derived from the list published by the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources in 1984. Those accessions, which were collected from different regions of Sudan, were grown in the APGRC research farm in Wad Medani town in central Sudan during ten different seasons within the period between 2000 and 2019. Phenotypic variations were observed among and within the different accessions for plant, stem, leaf, inflorescence and fruit characters. Up to 59% of accessions were found to be heterogeneous for different traits. The descriptor states observed ranged from very rare in 5%or less of the accessions, to abundant in more than 90% of the accessions. Substantial phenotypic variation was observed for okra fresh fruits, the main organs used for food, in terms of shape, colour, pubescence and number of ridges. Accessions carrying fruits preferred in local or foreign markets were identified making them good candidates for further breeding to produce new cultivars for both markets. The cluster analysis resulted in 13 subclusters at a similarity level of 60%. When comparing the subclusters with collection sites, no direct relation was detected indicating that okra germplasm has been spreading all over the country resulting in diversified materials across different regions.
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- 2023
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8. Morpho-Genetic Characterization of Abelmoschus Moench. Accessions.
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Obongodot, Nkereuwem U., Osawaru, Moses E., and Ogwu, Matthew C.
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ABELMOSCHUS , *GENETIC variation , *MORPHOMETRICS , *PLANT germplasm , *EIGENVALUES - Abstract
This study was carried out to assess the morphological and genetic variability of seven accessions of Abelmoschus L. species using morphometric analysis and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain (RBCL) molecular markers. Using a completely randomized block design, seeds of the okra accessions were planted with three replicates each. During the developmental stage, the morphological features of the accessions were observed and recorded according to the standard descriptor for the crop. Morphologically, all the accessions exhibited a degree of similarities, albeit, at maturity, the leaf, plant height, leaf colour, and leaf shape became distinct. A cluster of the phenotypic characterization was observed at a 3.74 level of coefficient of similarity with two distinct clusters, which were predicted to be A. esculentus and A. caillei. The percentage variance of the two principal components was 55.12% and 22.69% with corresponding Eigenvalues of 4.11 and 1.69, respectively. Results of the RBCL analysis revealed genetic variability at a 0.80 level of coefficient of similarity. Two distinguishable clusters were observed. Both morphometric and genotyping results suggest that variations exist among and within the seven accessions. In conclusion, there is a need to frequently evaluate plant genetic resources held in gene banks as they may not reflect the whole range of diversity inherent in the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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9. Effect of dietary plants on the production of immunoglobulins A in healthy Wistar rats
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Flávia Imanishi Ruzon-Camargo, Eduardo Vignoto Fernandes, Mayara Bocchi, David Michel de Oliveira, Emerson José Venancio, and Raul Jorge Hernan Castro Gómez
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curcuma ,cinnamomum ,abelmoschus ,antibodies ,medicinal plants ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Introduction: some plants such as turmeric, cinnamon, and okra are known to have therapeutic functions such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, an immunomodulatory role has been observed in the production of antibodies, in particular immunoglobulin A (IgA), which mediates a variety of protective functions for the organism. Objective: the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary plants on the production of IgA in healthy Wistar rats. Methods: thus, 48 male Wistar rats of 90 days of age were allocated to four groups. The animals were treated for 14 days with dried turmeric, cinnamon, or okra (50, 50, 12.5 mg/day, respectively) in phosphate buffered saline, or with only phosphate buffered saline by gavage. The animals received water and feed ad libitum. Body mass and relative weight ofperitoneal fat, adrenal gland, kidney, spleen, liver and thymus, biochemical parameters, and IgA levels were analyzed. Results: no significant changes were observed in the body mass, relative weight of organs and tissues, and biochemical parameters. An increase in serum IgA levels was observed in animals treated with turmeric or cinnamon. Conclusion: we conclude that the treatment with turmeric and cinnamon increased IgA production. Therefore, our study supports the idea that dietary supplementation with these plants may improve humoral immunity.
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- 2022
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10. New record of three taxonomic varieties of wild okra (Abelmoschus Medik.) for Eastern India
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Misra, R. C., Karmakar, P., Dehury, S., Dash, S. K., and Ahlawat, S. P.
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- 2023
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11. Characterization of Okra Species, Their Hybrids and Crossability Relationships among Abelmoschus Species of the Western Ghats Region.
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Sandeep, Nanjundappa, Dushyanthakumar, Banur Marulasiddappa, Sridhara, Shankarappa, Dasaiah, Lakshmana, Mahadevappa Satish, Kundur, El-Shehawi, Ahmed M., M Althaqafi, Mohammed, Aloufi, Salman, Sharma, Hanoor, Alaklabi, Abdullah, and Elansary, Hosam O.
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OKRA ,HETEROSIS in plants ,CASSAVA ,SPECIES ,FRUIT yield ,GERMINATION ,FRUIT quality - Abstract
Wild relatives of okra represent a good source of variation for breeding programs, particularly for traits related to biotic and abiotic stresses and fruit quality. However, wild species remain largely unexploited for okra breeding. The cultivated okra accession Abelmoschus esculentus cv. 'Arka Anamika' was crossed with three wild accessions: Abelmoschus manihot, Abelmoschus ficulens and Abelmoschus moschatus. The crossability was estimated based on fruit set, seed set and germination rate. The results of cross compatibility studies revealed that the crosses are compatible only when cultivated A. esculentus is used as a female, and reciprocal crosses were not successful in any of the three wild species. Higher fruit set (87.2%) and seed germination (92%) were obtained from the crosses 'Arka Anamika' × Abelmoschus manihot. The interspecific F
1 s exhibited normal growth, flowering and fruit formation, but the hybrids were completely sterile on selfing due to abnormal meiosis. Characterization of the parents and interspecific hybrids revealed that the interspecific hybrids were generally more vigorous than the parents and displayed greater alliance towards their wild parent. The sterile F1 s were further treated with 0.1% colchicine to restore fertility. The three interspecific crosses showed considerable differences in mean performance and heterosis over mid parent and better parent. The cross 'A. Anamika' × A. manihot displayed positive heterosis over mid parent and better parent for the yield traits, viz., fruit yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, number of primary branches per plant and plant height. The information obtained in the study on crossability relationship, phenotypic characterization and heterosis in interspecific hybrids will assist breeders in the development of prebreeding material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
12. Reduce pests, enhance production: benefits of intercropping at high densities for okra farmers in Cameroon
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Singh, Akanksha, Weisser, Wolfgang W, Hanna, Rachid, Houmgny, Raissa, and Zytynska, Sharon E
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Agricultural ,Veterinary and Food Sciences ,Agricultural Biotechnology ,Agriculture ,Land and Farm Management ,Crop and Pasture Production ,Horticultural Production ,Zero Hunger ,Abelmoschus ,Animals ,Cameroon ,Crop Production ,Crops ,Agricultural ,Food Chain ,Insect Control ,Insecta ,Phaseolus ,Spiders ,Zea mays ,intercropping ,crop identity ,high plant density ,pests ,predators ,yield ,Environmental Science and Management ,Entomology ,Crop and pasture production ,Zoology ,Environmental management - Abstract
BackgroundIntercropping can help reduce insect pest populations. However, the results of intercropping can be pest- and crop-species specific, with varying effects on crop yield, and pest suppression success. In Cameroon, okra vegetable is often grown in intercropped fields and sown with large distances between planting rows (∼ 2 m). Dominant okra pests include cotton aphids, leaf beetles and whiteflies. In a field experiment, we intercropped okra with maize and bean in different combinations (okra monoculture, okra-bean, okra-maize and okra-bean-maize) and altered plant densities (high and low) to test for the effects of diversity, crop identity and planting distances on okra pests, their predators and yield.ResultsWe found crop identity and plant density, but not crop diversity to influence okra pests, their predators and okra yield. Only leaf beetles decreased okra yield and their abundance reduced at high plant density. Overall, okra grown with bean at high density was the most economically profitable combination.ConclusionsWe suggest that when okra is grown at higher densities, legumes (e.g. beans) should be included as an additional crop. Intercropping with a leguminous crop can enhance nitrogen in the soil, benefiting other crops, while also being harvested and sold at market for additional profit. Manipulating planting distances and selecting plants based on their beneficial traits may thus help to eliminate yield gaps in sustainable agriculture. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
- Published
- 2017
13. New okra genotypes for the management of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the diverse ecological landscapes of Central Africa.
- Author
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Abang AF, Ramasamy S, Hanna R, Kekeunou S, Fotso Kuate A, Tenkouano A, Fiaboe KKM, and Bilong Bilong CF
- Abstract
Various aphid species, including Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), are considered important pests of okra and other vegetables. Previous studies under 1 environment in Cameroon, Central Africa, had found multiple okra genotypes with resistance to A. gossypii. However, the stability and yield performance of the "resistant" genotypes across different environments were unknown. Ten previously identified aphid-resistant okra genotypes along with 1 commercial variety and a local landrace (specific to a given location) were compared during 2 seasons in replicated trials in 4 agro-ecological zones of Cameroon that also represent large areas of Central Africa. Aphid populations and okra yield parameters were evaluated. Breeding values were predicted using a linear mixed model for all data, and genotypes by location interactions were identified. The area under the infestation pressure curve (AUIPC) was calculated using aphid count data and subjected to resistance analysis. The Local-the most susceptible with the highest breeding value (+2.33)-and VI060794-one of the moderately resistant-genotypes had the highest yield per hectare. The only resistant genotype VI036213 had the lowest breeding value (-2.20). Genotype × location interactions were significant for yield, pod width, and plant height, while location variance was significant for all parameters evaluated. When considering that higher aphid densities could lead to greater pesticide use and, therefore higher production and environmental costs, the high-yielding VI060794-with moderate aphid resistance across multiple environments-presents an alternative or substitute for local landraces across multiple agro-ecologies of Cameroon and (by extension) Central Africa., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2024
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14. The effect of Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Okra) extract supplementation on dietary intake, appetite, anthropometric measures, and body composition in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
- Author
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Nikpayam, Omid, Safaei, Ehsan, Bahreyni, Nazgol, Sadra, Vahideh, Saghafi-Asl, Maryam, and Fakhr, Laleh
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APPETITE , *BODY composition , *DRUG efficacy , *NONPARAMETRIC statistics , *STATISTICS , *MEDICINAL plants , *VEGETABLES , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *ANTHROPOMETRY , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *QUANTITATIVE research , *MANN Whitney U Test , *FISHER exact test , *PLACEBOS , *QUALITATIVE research , *COMPARATIVE studies , *T-test (Statistics) , *BLIND experiment , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ANALYSIS of covariance , *PLANT extracts , *STATISTICAL sampling , *DATA analysis software , *DATA analysis , *DIABETIC nephropathies , *PATIENT safety - Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease because it induces nephropathy. Okra is a rich source of antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, and fibers, of which favorable effects in diabetes have been reported in many animal studies. The present trial aimed to investigate the effect of dried okra extract (DOE) supplementation on anthropometric measures, body composition, appetite, and dietary intake in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients. Methods: In this triple-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial, 64 DN patients were randomly allocated to receive a 125-mg capsule of DOE (n = 32) or placebo (n = 32) for 10 weeks. At baseline and endpoint of the trial, anthropometric variables, body composition indices, dietary intake, and appetite scores were evaluated. Results: The results showed that energy (P = 0.047, CI: -425.87, -3.25, ES: 0.539) and carbohydrate (P = 0.038, CI: -85.64, -2.53, ES: 0.555) intake as well as desire to eat salty food (P = 0.023) were reduced in DOE group at the endpoint, compared to the baseline values. However, anthropometric measures, body composition, and appetite score were not significantly different between the two study groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present clinical trial showed that DOE could significantly decrease energy intake and carbohydrate consumption in the DN patients. Further clinical trials are needed to determine the effects of this supplement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
15. Exploiting fly ash as an ecofriendly pesticide/nematicide on Abesmoschus esculuntus: Insights into soil amendment-induced antioxidant fight against nematode mediated ROS.
- Author
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Bhat AA, Shakeel A, Bhat AH, Alajmi MF, Khan AA, and Kumar M
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- Animals, Soil chemistry, Soil parasitology, Pesticides, Superoxide Dismutase metabolism, Nematoda drug effects, Nematoda physiology, Catalase metabolism, Coal Ash, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Antioxidants metabolism, Antinematodal Agents pharmacology, Abelmoschus, Tylenchoidea drug effects, Tylenchoidea physiology
- Abstract
Conventional pest control measures, such as chemical pesticides and nematicides, have limited efficacy and raise environmental concerns, necessitating sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives for pest management. Therefore, to find a complementary eco-friendly pesticide/nematicide, this study investigated the role of fly ash (FA) in managing a notorious pest, Meloidogyne javanica and its impact on the growth and physiology of Abelmoschus esculentus. Molecular characterization using SSU and LSU rDNA gene markers confirmed the identity of Indian M. javanica as belonging to the same species. Biotic stress induced by nematode infection was significantly alleviated (P < 0.05) by FA application at a 20% w/v, regulating of ROS accumulation (44.1% reduction in superoxide anions and 39.7% reduction in hydrogen peroxide content) in the host plant. Moreover, FA enhanced antioxidant defence enzymes like superoxide dismutase (46.6%) and catalase (112%) to combat nematode induced ROS. Furthermore, the application of FA at a 20% concentration significantly improved the biomass and biochemical attributes of okra. Fly ash also upregulated the activity of the important osmo-protectant proline (11.5 μmol/g FW) to mitigate nematode stress in host cells. Suppression of disease indices like gall index and reproduction factor, combined with in-vitro experiments, revealed that FA exhibits strong nematode mortality capacity and thus can be used as a sustainable and eco-friendly control agent against root-knot nematodes., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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16. Abelmoschus manihot (L.) medik. seeds alleviate rheumatoid arthritis by modulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Tao Y, Liu J, Li M, Wang H, Fan G, Xie X, Fu X, and Su J
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- Humans, Rats, Male, Animals, Interleukin-10 metabolism, Rats, Wistar, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism, Molecular Docking Simulation, Quercetin pharmacology, Signal Transduction, Inflammation drug therapy, Seeds metabolism, Janus Kinase 2 metabolism, STAT3 Transcription Factor metabolism, Abelmoschus, Arthritis, Rheumatoid drug therapy, Arthritis, Experimental pathology
- Abstract
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik. Seeds (AMS, སོ་མ་ར་ཛ།), a Tibetan classical herbal in China, are rich in flavonoids and phenolic glycosides compounds, such as quercetin and its derivatives. Moreover, it has been found to possess anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) effects. Nonetheless, its anti-RA mechanism is yet unknown., Aim of the Study: This research aimed to examine the active ingredients of AMS as well as potential pharmacological mechanisms in AMS on RA., Materials and Methods: The ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem multistage mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-IT-MS
n ) technique was used to determine the primary chemical components of AMS that were responsible for the therapeutic effects on RA. In addition, 36 male Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 220 g were classified at random into six groups [normal control group, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) group, methotrexate group (positive control, 1.05 mg/kg), AMS group (157.5 mg/kg, 315 mg/kg, 630 mg/kg)]. CIA rats were given AMS extract by intragastric administration for 28 days, and their ankles were photographed to observe the degree of swelling. Further, the arthritis score, paws swelling, and body weight changes of CIA rats were determined to observe whether AMS has any effect on RA, and synovial and cartilage tissue injuries were identified by histopathology. Besides, the levels of IL-10, TNF-α, IL-1β, INF-γ, etc. in serum were estimated by ELISA. Western blot experiments were implemented to identify the expression levels of protein involved in the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in the CIA rats' synovial tissues. Moreover, the mechanisms and targets of active ingredient therapy of AMS for RA were predicted using network pharmacology and then verified using molecular docking., Result: In the present study, 12 compounds were detected by UPLC-ESI-IT-MSn , such as quercetin and its derivative which could be potential active ingredients that contribute to the anti-RA properties of AMS. Our in vivo studies on CIA rats revealed that an AMS-H dose of 630 mg/kg significantly improved joint damage while decreasing the arthritic index and paw swelling. Furthermore, AMS inhibited the INF-γ, IL-6, IL-17, IL-1β, and TNF-α, levels while upregulating the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-4 in serum. Besides, AMS inhibited the protein Bcl-2/Bax, STAT3, and JAK2 levels, and promoted the expression of Caspase3, SOCS1, and SOCS3 in the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Additionally, the JAK/STAT signaling pathway was found to perform a remarkable function in the AMS therapy of RA as evidenced by enrichment in GO terms and KEGG pathways. Meanwhile, data from molecular docking experiments indicated that the core targets of PIK3CA, JAK2, and SRC bound stably to the active ingredients of mimuone, 4'-methoxy-bavachromanol, and quercetin., Conclusion: According to these findings, the AMS could improve joint inflammation in CIA rats, and its underlying mechanism could be linked to the regulation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Therefore, AMS might become a promising agent for alleviating inflammation in RA patients., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Neither the entire manuscript nor any part of its content has been published or has been accepted elsewhere and this manuscript is not being submitted to any other journal. We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
17. Molecular docking and in vivo protective effects of okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus ) against metabolic dysfunction in high-fat, high-sodium diet-fed rats.
- Author
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Fouda K and Mohamed RS
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- Humans, Rats, Animals, Molecular Docking Simulation, Sodium, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Sodium Chloride, Calcium, Polysaccharides pharmacology, Antioxidants pharmacology, Glucose, Phenols, Lipids, Abelmoschus, Insulins
- Abstract
Okra pods ( Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) have been used as a functional vegetable as they contain polysaccharides, flavonoids, and other bioactive molecules that protect the body from several chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to look at the involvement of okra constituents (mucilage and flesh) in the prevention of metabolic dysfunctions induced in a rat model by a high-fat, high-salt (HF/NaCl) diet. Okra mucilage was extracted using an ultrasonic method, freeze-dried, characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tested for swelling ratio and radical scavenging activity. Okra flesh (skin and seeds) was separated from pods; characterized using SEM; and tested for dietary fiber content, phenolic profile, and radical scavenging activity. The significance of okra bioactive compounds in inhibiting human salivary amylase, glutamine : fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) was investigated using molecular docking. Rats were fed an HF/NaCl diet and orally treated daily with freeze-dried okra mucilage or flesh (100 mg per kg body weight) for 8 weeks. Glucose, insulin, inflammatory indicators (CRP, TNF-α, and interleukin 6), oxidative markers (red blood cell lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidase, nitric oxide, and superoxide dismutase), lipid profile, estradiol, feces lipids as well as femur and urine calcium were measured. The molecular docking findings showed the interaction of quercetin and chlorogenic acid, which are the most abundant phenolic compounds in okra pods, with the studied proteins, which gives an indication of the mechanism of okra's anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Okra mucilage and flesh significantly reduced glucose, insulin, cholesterol, lipid peroxidation, CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and urine calcium levels while significantly increasing feces lipid and femur calcium levels. The findings suggested that okra mucilage and flesh seem to be promising candidates for protection against metabolic dysfunction.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Characterization of Okra Species, Their Hybrids and Crossability Relationships among Abelmoschus Species of the Western Ghats Region
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Nanjundappa Sandeep, Banur Marulasiddappa Dushyanthakumar, Shankarappa Sridhara, Lakshmana Dasaiah, Kundur Mahadevappa Satish, Ahmed M. El-Shehawi, Mohammed M Althaqafi, Salman Aloufi, Hanoor Sharma, Abdullah Alaklabi, and Hosam O. Elansary
- Subjects
Abelmoschus ,interspecific hybridization ,F1 sterility ,heterosis ,colchiploidy ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Wild relatives of okra represent a good source of variation for breeding programs, particularly for traits related to biotic and abiotic stresses and fruit quality. However, wild species remain largely unexploited for okra breeding. The cultivated okra accession Abelmoschus esculentus cv. ‘Arka Anamika’ was crossed with three wild accessions: Abelmoschus manihot, Abelmoschus ficulens and Abelmoschus moschatus. The crossability was estimated based on fruit set, seed set and germination rate. The results of cross compatibility studies revealed that the crosses are compatible only when cultivated A. esculentus is used as a female, and reciprocal crosses were not successful in any of the three wild species. Higher fruit set (87.2%) and seed germination (92%) were obtained from the crosses ‘Arka Anamika’ × Abelmoschus manihot. The interspecific F1s exhibited normal growth, flowering and fruit formation, but the hybrids were completely sterile on selfing due to abnormal meiosis. Characterization of the parents and interspecific hybrids revealed that the interspecific hybrids were generally more vigorous than the parents and displayed greater alliance towards their wild parent. The sterile F1s were further treated with 0.1% colchicine to restore fertility. The three interspecific crosses showed considerable differences in mean performance and heterosis over mid parent and better parent. The cross ‘A. Anamika’ × A. manihot displayed positive heterosis over mid parent and better parent for the yield traits, viz., fruit yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, number of primary branches per plant and plant height. The information obtained in the study on crossability relationship, phenotypic characterization and heterosis in interspecific hybrids will assist breeders in the development of prebreeding material.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Ultrasound-assisted fabrication and stability evaluation of okra seed protein stabilized nanoemulsion.
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Bai L, Geng S, Zhou Y, Ma H, and Liu B
- Subjects
- Emulsions chemistry, Seeds, Plant Proteins, Abelmoschus
- Abstract
The structure and functional properties of okra seed protein (OSP) were characterized, the ultrasonic homogenization process of OSP nano-emulsion was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM), and its stability was also evaluated in this study. The results suggested that OSP was a high-quality plant protein, rich in glutamic acid. The molecular weight of its main subunits distributed in the range of 10-55 kDa, and some subunits were connected by disulfide bonds. Although the water and oil holding capacities of OSP were inferior to those of soy protein isolate (SPI), its emulsifying ability was superior to that of SPI. And the OSP concentration, ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power had obvious effects on the droplet size of nanoemulsion. The optimum process of OSP emulsion was determined as follows: OSP concentration 2.4 %, ultrasonic power 600 W, ultrasonic time 340 s. Under these conditions, the median droplet size of the nanoemulsion was 192.03 ± 3.48 nm, close to the predicted value (191.195 nm). And the obtained nano-emulsion exhibited high stability to the changes of pH, temperature and ionic strength in the environment. Our results can provide reference for the application of OSP, and promote the development of plant protein-based nanoemulsions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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20. Formulization and characterization of guar gum and almond gum based composite coating and their application for shelf-life extension of okra (Hibiscus esculentus).
- Author
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Shinde MM, Malik M, Kaur K, Gahlawat VK, Kumar N, Chiraang P, and Upadhyay A
- Subjects
- Food Preservation methods, Staphylococcus aureus, Life Expectancy, Prunus dulcis, Abelmoschus, Hibiscus, Anti-Infective Agents pharmacology, Oils, Volatile pharmacology, Galactans, Mannans, Plant Gums
- Abstract
The current novel study aims was to development and characterization of gum based (guar gum: almond gum) composite formulations with or without addition of oregano essential oils to extend the shelf life of okra at ambient condition. In this study, the optimized composite of guar gum: almond gum (75:25 V/V) prepared with addition of different concentrations (0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 % (V/V) of oregano essential oils to study their physicochemical, rheological, antimicrobial and particle size & zeta potential distribution. In addition, the effects of prepared edible coatings on shelf-life of okra vegetables were also investigated by assessing their postharvest quality attributes at ambient (23 °C) storage up to 7 days storage. The results revealed, increasing concentration of essential oils in composite coating significantly increased in pH, TSS, particle size, antimicrobial (Apergillus. niger, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus) activity respectively. Furthermore, the increasing EOs improved viscosity (n) and stability of the coatings matrix. In addition, the applications of guar gum (0.25 %): almond gum (0.5 %) composite ratio (75,25) with oregano essential oils exhibited excellent properties and potential to maintain the postharvest characteristics of okra throughout the storage period. The results of this study revealed that the addition of higher concentration (0.15 %) of essential oils in composite formulation of 75 % guar gum +25 % almond gum (03) showed higher value of pH (5.45), antioxidant activity (20.87 %), particle size (899.1 nm), zeta potential (-8.6 mV), polydispersity index (50.6 %) and higher antimicrobial activity against E.coli (19 mm), S. aureus (29 mm) and A. niger (35 mm) as compared to other formulations. Therefore, the lower composite formulation (01) with lower concentration (0.05 %) of oregano essential oil was found most effective formulation to maintain the shelf life of okra for up to 4 days as compared to other treated and control okra samples at ambient temperature by retarded the weight loss (12.74 %), maintained higher firmness (0.998 N), lower respiration rate (484.32 ml Co2/kg/h) respectively on 7 days of storage. The microbial load in the okra samples treated with different guar gum: almond gum composite showed lower microbial load in terms of total plate count and yeast & mold counts as compared to control samples. Samples treated with O3 coating showed lowest TPC (0.1 × 10
8 cfu/g) and YMC (6.63 × 106 cfu/g) followed by O2 (0.48 × 108 cfu/g, 7.9 × 106 cfu/g) and O1 (0.78 × 108 cfu/g, 9.45 × 106 cfu/g) respectively on 6rd day of storage, overall results indicated that the application of composite coating with different concentrations of oregano essential oils were effective to maintained postharvest shelf life of okra up to 4 days at ambient condition., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Authors declared no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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21. Evaluating the potential of Abelmoschus esculentus, Solanum melongena, and Capsicum annuum spp. for nutrient and microbial reduction from wastewater in hybrid constructed wetland.
- Author
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Abbasi HN, Ahmad W, Shahzad KA, and Lu X
- Subjects
- Humans, Wastewater, Wetlands, Environmental Monitoring, Nutrients, Plants, Nitrogen analysis, Vegetables, Water, Waste Disposal, Fluid, Abelmoschus, Capsicum, Solanum melongena
- Abstract
Utilizing engineered wetlands for the cultivation of vegetables can help to overcome the problems of water and food scarcity. These wetlands are primarily designed for wastewater treatment, and their efficiency and effectiveness can be improved by selecting an appropriate substrate. To investigate the potential for nutrient and microbial removal, the Abelmoschus esculentus, Solanum melongena, and Capsicum annuum L. plants were selected to grow in a hybrid constructed wetland (CW) under natural conditions. The removal efficiency of the A. esculentus, S. melongena, and C. annuum L. in the CW system varied between 59.8 to 68.5% for total phosphorous (TP), 40.3 to 53.1% for ammonium (NH
4 + ), and 33.6 to 45.1% for total nitrogen (TN). The influent sample contained multiple pathogenic bacteria, including Alcaligenes faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, with Capsicum annuum exhibiting a positive association with 7 of the 11 detected species, whereas microbial removal efficiency was notably higher in the S. melongena bed, potentially attributed to temperature variations and plant-facilitated oxygen release rates. While utilizing constructed wetlands for vegetable cultivation holds promising potential to address the disparity between water and food supply and yield various environmental, economic, and social benefits, it is crucial to note that the wastewater source may contain heavy metals, posing a risk of their transmission to humans through the food chain., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)- Published
- 2024
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22. Growth, ultrastructural and physiological characteristics of Abelmoschus cytotypes under elevated ozone stress: a study on ploidy-specific responses.
- Author
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Singh P, Ansari N, Mishra AK, Agrawal M, and Agrawal SB
- Subjects
- Plant Leaves, Triploidy, Plant Breeding, Abelmoschus, Ozone toxicity, Ozone analysis, Ozone metabolism
- Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3 ) is a significant abiotic stressor whose rising concentration negatively influences plant growth. Studies related to the differential response of Abelmoschus cytotypes to elevated O3 treatment are scarce and need further exploration to recognise the role of polyploidisation in stress tolerance. In this study, we analysed the changes in growth pattern, ultrastructure, physiology and foliar protein profile occurring under O3 stress in Abelmoschus moschatus (monoploid), Abelmoschus esculentus (diploid) and Abelmoschus caillei (triploid). Our findings showed that higher stomatal conductance in A. moschatus triggered higher O3 intake, causing damage to stomatal cells and photosynthetic pigments. Additionally, it caused a reduction in photosynthetic rates, leading to reduced plant growth, total biomass and economic yield. This O3 -induced toxicity was less in diploid and triploid cytotypes of Abelmoschus . Protein profiling by sodium dodecyl sulpate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed a significant decrease in the commonly found RuBisCO larger and smaller subunits. The decrease was more prominent in monoploid compared to diploid and triploid. This study provides crucial data for research that aim to enhance plant ability to withstand O3 induced oxidative stress. Our findings may help in developing a tolerant variety through plant breeding techniques, which will be economically more advantageous in reaching the objective of sustainable production at the high O3 levels projected under a climate change scenario.
- Published
- 2024
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23. In situ reduction of Ag nanoparticles using okra polysaccharides for the preparation of flexible multifunctional sensors.
- Author
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Lao Y, Xiao S, Liu H, Li D, Wei Q, Ye L, Li Z, and Lu S
- Subjects
- Humans, Silver, Adsorption, Polysaccharides, Abelmoschus, Metal Nanoparticles
- Abstract
This paper reports the fabrication of flexible films loaded with Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and annotated as POPA films from polyvinyl alcohol, okra polysaccharides, phytic acid, and AgNO
3 via an in situ reduction and solution-casting method. The prepared films exhibit strain, temperature, and humidity sensing. As a flexible strain sensor, the POPA sensor has a wide strain sensing range (1-250 %), and fast response/recovery (0.22/0.28 s), while as a temperature sensor, it senses the human body temperature and exhibits excellent temperature sensitivity (TCR = -1.401 % °C-1 ) and good linearity (R2 = 0.994) in the temperature range of 30-55 °C. Additionally, in the relative humidity (RH) of range 35-95 %, the POPA humidity sensor outputs stable electrical signals during adsorption and desorption. Moreover, it exhibits low hysteresis values (3.19 % RH) and good linearity (R2 = 0.989) for the detection of breathing rates during different human body states. Consequently, the POPA sensor exhibits good stability, repeatability, and reversibility for strain, temperature, and humidity sensing. The designed multifunctional POPA sensor thus holds great potential for its application in flexible wearable devices and electronics., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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24. Novel adsorbent for malachite green from okra stalks waste: synthesis, kinetics and equilibrium studies.
- Author
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Yildiz H, Gülşen H, Şahin Ö, Baytar O, and Kutluay S
- Subjects
- Charcoal chemistry, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Biodegradation, Environmental, Adsorption, Kinetics, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Thermodynamics, Abelmoschus, Water Purification methods, Water Pollutants, Chemical chemistry, Rosaniline Dyes
- Abstract
In this study, malachite green (MG) removal was performed with activated carbon synthesized from okra stalks by microwave assisted chemical activation method. In the synthesis of activated carbon, the effects of gas in the microwave, activation, and impregnation rate were investigated. The synthesized activated carbon characterization was investigated using BET, FT-IR, and SEM analyses. The activated carbon surface area achieved was 759.453 m
2 g-1 . In addition, the surface area of activated carbon synthesized using the conventional method was17.766 m2 g-1 . The effect of the initial solution concentration on MG adsorption was investigated. According to the kinetic and equilibrium data, it was found that the adsorption process best fitted the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm. According to the equilibrium data, the maximum adsorption capacity ( qmax ) of the monolayer was 119.05 mg g-1 . In addition, MG adsorption was investigated by the experimental design method. The adsorption capacity at the determined optimum conditions was 99.63 mg g-1 . All results show that activated carbon synthesized from waste biomass by combining the conventional method with microwave-assisted impregnation is a cheap and environmentally friendly adsorbent.- Published
- 2024
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25. Dietary solutions for aluminum embryotoxicity: A study in Danio rerio using spirulina and okra-spirulina diets.
- Author
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García-Avalos EM, Gómez-Oliván LM, Hernández-Navarro MD, Saleem MH, Juan-Reyes NS, Elizalde-Velázquez GA, and Rosales-Pérez KE
- Subjects
- Animals, Zebrafish, Aluminum, Ecosystem, Diet, Oxidative Stress, Spirulina, Abelmoschus, Water Pollutants, Chemical toxicity
- Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is a versatile element commonly employed in various industries and water treatment processes. However, its presence in aquatic ecosystems can elicit adverse effects on organisms, particularly the Danio rerio fish species. Aluminum exposure has been associated with a spectrum of issues, ranging from oxidative stress to behavioral anomalies, reproductive disruptions, and morphological alterations in these organisms. This research aimed to assess the impact of aluminum chloride (AlCl
3 ) on D. rerio embryos and explore strategies to mitigate its effects. Three dietary groups (commercial, okra-spirulina, and spirulina) were studied, focusing on embryonic development, oxidative damage, and gene expression changes. The study revealed that diets enriched with spirulina and okra-spirulina effectively reduced aluminum-induced embryotoxicity, oxidative stress, and gene expression alterations, surpassing the commercial diet. However, all AlCl3 -exposed groups experienced adverse effects on embryonic development, including hatching anomalies, structural deformities, and cardiac delays. The okra-spirulina group showed milder toxic responses. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of spirulina and okra-spirulina diets in mitigating aluminum-triggered oxidative stress and apoptosis in D. rerio. It underscores the need for future research on embryonic development and carries significant implications for environmental conservation and the well-being of aquatic organisms in aluminum-contaminated environments., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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26. A blend of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal root and Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench fruit extracts relieves constipation and improves bowel function: A proof-of-concept clinical investigation.
- Author
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Punukollu RS, Chadalawada AK, Siddabattuni K, and Gogineni NT
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Defecation, Quality of Life, Fruit, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Plant Extracts therapeutic use, Constipation, Abelmoschus, Withania
- Abstract
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (WS) and Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench (AE) are known as Ashwagandha and Okra, respectively, important herbs in traditional medicine for their diverse therapeutic values. WS root is an adaptogen that relieves stress and anxiety and promotes sleep. AE fruit or Okra is widely consumed as a vegetable and is traditionally used to treat diabetes, gastric irritations, ulcers, and obesity., Aim of the Study: The present randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study aimed to establish a proof-of-concept evaluating the efficacy and tolerability of a proprietary blend of standardized extracts of WS root and AE fruit, CL18100F4 in relieving constipation and improving quality of life in adults., Materials and Methods: Forty-eight male and female participants (age: 25-60 years) with functional constipation (following Rome-III criteria) were randomized into placebo, 300 or 500 mg of CL18100F4 groups, and supplemented for fourteen consecutive days., Results: CL18100F4 supplementation significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced the Patient Assessment of Constipation-Symptoms (PAC-SYM), Patient Assessment of Constipation-Quality of Life (PAC-QOL), and Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) scores. CL18100F4 supplementation improved sleep quality and reduced stress (p < 0.0001). At the end of the study, CL18100F4-500 subjects showed significant increases in serum serotonin, gastrin, and interleukin-10 and decrease in interleukin-6 and cortisol levels. Participants' hematology, total blood chemistry, vital signs, and urinalysis parameters were within the normal ranges. No adverse events were reported., Conclusions: This short-duration, single-site clinical investigation demonstrates that CL18100F4 supplementation is tolerable, helps relieve constipation, reduces stress, and improves gastrointestinal function, sleep quality, and general wellness in adults., Trial Registration: Clinical Trials Registry- India (CTRI/2020/11/029320); Registered on 24/11/2020. Available at: http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/showallp.php?mid1=49391&EncHid=&userName=CL18100F4., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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27. Methyl cellulose/okra mucilage composite films, functionalized with Hypericum perforatum oil and gentamicin, as a potential wound dressing.
- Author
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Coban SN, Polatoglu I, and Eroglu E
- Subjects
- Gentamicins pharmacology, Methylcellulose pharmacology, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Quality of Life, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Polysaccharides pharmacology, Bandages microbiology, Plant Oils chemistry, Abelmoschus, Hypericum chemistry
- Abstract
There is a growing demand for the development of functional wound dressings enriched with bioactive natural compounds to improve the quality of life of the population by accelerating the healing process of chronic wounds. In this regard, a functional composite film of okra mucilage (OM) and methylcellulose (MC) incorporated with Hypericum perforatum oil (Hp) and gentamicin (G) was prepared and characterized as a wound dressing. Increasing Hp resulted in improved film properties with a more porous structure, higher WVTR, and lower surface hydrophobicity. Furthermore, incorporating Hp into OM:MC films led to increased elongation at the break while reducing the tensile strength of the films. The highest values of total antioxidant capacity (1.09-1.16 mM trolox equivalent) and total phenolic content (13.76-16.94 μg GA equivalent mL
-1 ) were measured in the composite films containing the highest Hp concentration (1.5 %). In addition, OM:MC/HpG composite films exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both E. coli and S. aureus and prevented the transmission of these bacteria through the films. Hp incorporation reduced the cytotoxic effects of OM:MC films on BJ cells and increased the wound closure rate in vitro. In conclusion, the developed OM:MC/HpG composite film can be a promising candidate as a novel wound dressing with its superior properties., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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28. Construction of gas permeable channel in poly(l-lactic acid) membrane and its control of the micro atmosphere in okra packaging
- Author
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Jian, Hu, Tungalag, Dong, Hongyu, Bu, Tao, Sun, Jiatao, Zhang, Chang, Xu, and Xueyan, Yun
- Subjects
Atmosphere ,Polyesters ,Food Packaging ,General Medicine ,Carbon Dioxide ,Biochemistry ,Oxygen ,Lactones ,Abelmoschus ,Structural Biology ,Food Preservation ,Food Microbiology ,Lactic Acid ,Caproates ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
An atmosphere within a package affects the metabolic process of food and the microbial growth of fresh products and has a vital role in preserving food. It depends on the membrane's specific gas permeability and selectivity to generate a desirable atmosphere for storage. In this study, triblock poly(l-lactic acid‑d-ɛ-caprolactone) (PLDC) copolymers and three-arm poly(l-lactic acid-g-ɛ-caprolactone) (PLGC) star copolymers were synthesized, in which a microphase-separated morphology of sea-island structure was established in PLGC membrane as a gas "fast permeation channel" for regulating CO
- Published
- 2022
29. EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON STEM GIRTH, INTER NODAL LENGTH AND YIELD (SEED YIELD & POD YIELD) OF AMBRETTE (ABELMOSCHUS MOSCHATUS MEDIC.) IN SANDY CLAY LOAM SOIL.
- Author
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Srinivasan, S., Pochine, N. J. Einthu, and Bhuvaneshwari, R.
- Subjects
PLANT nutrients ,ABELMOSCHUS ,NITROGEN fertilizers ,SEED yield ,PLANT growth - Abstract
An investigation was undertaken to study the effect of integrated nutrient management practices on growth and yield characters of Ambrette (Abelmoschus moschatus Medic.). The design followed was randomized block design with three replications. The trial was conducted with recommended dose of fertilizers (120 : 30 : 40 kg NPK ha
-1 ) along with neem coated urea (NCU), enriched pressmud compost (EPMC) and Sea weed extract (SWE). The observations on stem girth, inter nodal length at different stages, pod yield plot-1 and seed yield plot-1 were recorded and analyzed statistically. The results revealed that integrated application of 75% RDF-N (NCU) + P (EMPC) + SWE (T8 ) recorded maximum values for stem girth, inter nodal length at different stages, pod yield and seed yield plot-1 in ambrette. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
30. Pathogenic effect of Root knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench).
- Author
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Manisha, Bishnoi, S. P., Chandrawat, B. S., Gurjar, H. R., Yadav, Rinku, and Meena, Rahul
- Subjects
OKRA ,JAVANESE root-knot nematode ,MICROBIAL virulence ,ABELMOSCHUS ,PLANT growth - Abstract
Okra is an important vegetable crop cultivated in various states of India. The root knot nematode is the most harmful disease causing agent in okra. An experiment was conducted to assess the pathogenicity of M. javanica on okra at different inoculum level (0, 10, 100, 1000, 10000 J2/plant). The significant reduction was shown in plant growth parameter (viz; shoot length, root length, shoot weight, and root weight) with increase the nematode inoculum level while, the nematode population were significantly increased. The Lowest plant growth parameters and highest nematode gall index were observed in 10000 J2/plant simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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31. Sulfated Extract of Abelmoschus Esculentus: A Potential Cancer Chemo-preventive Agent
- Author
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Asma Salman, Haytham Dahlawi, Cinderella A. Fahmy, Hassan Amer, Amira M. Gamal-Eldeen, and Bassem M. Raafat
- Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides ,Oxygen radical absorbance capacity ,Placenta ,Population ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Apoptosis ,Pharmacology ,Nitric Oxide ,Nitric oxide ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Abelmoschus ,Pregnancy ,Neoplasms ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,MTT assay ,education ,Cytotoxicity ,education.field_of_study ,Plant Extracts ,Sulfates ,Chemistry ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Rats ,Female ,Macrophage proliferation ,Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Background: Abelmoschus esculentus (AE) (okra), is an edible plant used in many food applications. Objective: This study explored whether sulfated AE (SAE) has promising cancer chemopreventive activities that may recommend it as a functional food supplement instead of (or in addition to) AE for the population at risk of cancer and in the health food industry. Methods: Cytochrome P450-1A (CYP1A) was estimated by fluorescence enzymatic reaction, using β-naphthoflavone-treated cells (CYP1A inducer). Peroxyl and hydroxyl radical scavenging was assayed by oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay. Flow cytometry was used to analyze apoptosis/necrosis in MCF-7 cells, cell cycle phases in MCF-7 cells, and macrophage binding to fluorescein isothiocyanate-lipopolysaccharide (FITC-LPS). Nitric oxide was determined by Griess assay in LPS-stimulated macrophages, and cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was used to induce hepatic tumor initiation in rats. Placental glutathione-S-transferase (GSTP; an initiation marker) was stained in a fluorescence immunohistochemical analysis of liver sections, and histopathological changes were examined. Results: SAE exhibited strong antitumor initiation and antitumor promotion activities. It suppressed CYP1A, scavenged peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals, induced macrophage proliferation, suppressed macrophage binding to FITC-LPS, inhibited nitric oxide generation, showed specific cytotoxicity to human breast MCF-7 adenocarcinoma cells, and disturbed the cell cycle phases (S and G2/M phases) in association with an increased percentage of apoptotic/necrotic MCF-7 cells. Over a short time period, DEN stimulated liver cancer initiation, but SAE treatment reduced the DEN-induced histopathological alterations and inhibited CYP1A and GSTP. Conclusion: SAE extract has the potential for use as an alternative to AE in health foods to provide cancer chemoprevention in populations at risk for cancer.
- Published
- 2022
32. The effect of high humidity hot air impingement blanching on the changes in cell wall polysaccharides and phytochemicals of okra pods
- Author
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Sara Zielinska, Izabela Staniszewska, Justyna Cybulska, Artur Zdunek, Monika Szymanska‐Chargot, Danuta Zielinska, Zi‐Liang Liu, Hong‐Wei Xiao, Zhongli Pan, and Magdalena Zielinska
- Subjects
Hot Temperature ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Abelmoschus ,Cell Wall ,Polysaccharides ,Phytochemicals ,Humidity ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Antioxidants ,Food Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Okra pods contain heat-sensitive substances, such as phenolic compounds and other phytochemicals that can be degraded when okra pods are subjected to heat treatment. The understanding of the impact of high humidity hot air impingement blanching (HHAIB) on the changes in physicochemical properties of polysaccharides and phytochemicals of okra pods is of great importance because over-blanching may result in cell membrane disruption and changes in biologically active compounds under prolonged exposure to the thermal treatment. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of HHAIB on the changes in physicochemical properties of pectins and phytochemicals extracted from okra pods.Both the HHAIB time and method of extraction influenced their physicochemical characteristics and biological activity. Pectin fractions subjected to HHAIB were composed of polygalacturonic acid, rhamnogalacturonan, glucomannan, galactan, mannose, arabinose, rhamnose, calcium pectate and arabinogalactan. The contents of total phenolics, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity of extracts mostly increased during HHAIB (i.e. up to 19.0%, 13.2% and 35.3%, respectively). However, HHAIB reduced the chlorophyll-a (up to 55.7%) and lycopene (up to 52.6%) contents of okra pods.The acquired knowledge may be useful for better understanding and optimization of technologies based on HHAIB treatment. The HHAIB treated okra can be a promising natural alternative in different applications, including its use as a replacement of some ingredients in food or non-food systems as a result of richness in polysaccharides and polyphenols, as well as high antioxidant properties. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
- Published
- 2022
33. A stretchable, self-healing, okra polysaccharide-based hydrogel for fast-response and ultra-sensitive strain sensors
- Author
-
Yinghui, Ma, Kuo, Liu, Li, Lao, Xing, Li, Zuocai, Zhang, Shaorong, Lu, Yuqi, Li, and Ziwei, Li
- Subjects
Wearable Electronic Devices ,Abelmoschus ,Polysaccharides ,Structural Biology ,Electric Conductivity ,Humans ,Hydrogels ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Self-healing conductive hydrogels have attracted widespread attention as a new generation of smart wearable devices and human motion monitoring sensors. To improve the biocompatibility and degradability of such strain sensors, we report a sensor with a sandwich structure based on a biomucopolysaccharide hydrogel. The sensor was constructed with a stretchable self-healing hydrogel composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), okra polysaccharide (OP), borax, and a conductive layer of silver nanowires. The obtained OP/PVA/borax hydrogel exhibited excellent stretchability (~1073.7%) and self-healing ability (93.6% within 5 min), and the resultant hydrogel-based strain sensor demonstrated high sensitivity (gauge factor = 6.34), short response time (~20 ms), and good working stability. This study provides innovative ideas for the development of biopolysaccharide hydrogels for applications in the field of sensors.
- Published
- 2022
34. Studies of genetic variability and association of yield traits and YVMV disease in Abelmoschus species
- Author
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R K YADAV, MAHESH BADIGER, and SUMAN LATA
- Subjects
Abelmoschus ,Correlation coefficient ,Genetic advance ,Genetic variability ,Heritability ,Path coefficient ,Agriculture - Abstract
Germplasm (44) from 6 wild Abelmoschus species and 4 cultivars from cultivated species [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] were evaluated during kharif 2015 and 2016 to assess the genetic variability and character association in yield attributes and YVMV disease. Significant differences among accessions for mean performance with respect to 13 quantitative traits revealed presence of sufficient variation in the experimental material used. Mean Percent Disease Incidence (PDI) YVMV, revealed lowest PDI in A. moschatus (IC-141055) (7.73%) followed by IC90476- 1(8.61%) and IC47092 (11.0%). These wild accessions indicated their scope in future breeding programs for resistance to BYVMV. Estimates of genotypic coefficients of variability (GCV) and phenotypic coefficients of variability (PCV) ranged from 6.15-59.14 and 13.98- 62.13 respectively. Heritability in broad sense (h2), genetic advance (GA) and genetic advance as percentage of mean (GAM) ranged from 19-98%, 0.40-84.20, 5.58- 98% respectively. Further classification revealed high GCV (>20.00%), high heritability (>60.00%) and high GAM (>20.00%) for most of the yield components and PDI of BYVMV, except for first flowering node and stem diameter. Character association study publicized significant positive association and high positive direct effect of fruit weight (0.85), number of fruits per plant (0.532), stem diameter (0.088), plant height (0.069) and fruit diameter (0.046) on fruit yield per plant. Therefore, direct selection based on these combinations of traits help in harnessing their positive direct effects on yield per plant in okra improvement programmes.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Study of okra pectin prepared by sweeping frequency ultrasound/freeze-thaw pretreatment on corrosion inhibition of ANSI 304 stainless steel in acidic environment.
- Author
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Zhang L, Zhang A, Zhou S, Wang Q, Wang X, Ma H, and Zhou C
- Subjects
- Steel chemistry, Corrosion, Pectins, Acids, Stainless Steel, Abelmoschus
- Abstract
Green and efficient metal corrosion inhibitors are very essential, and natural okra pectin (OP) can fulfill this need with rational use of resources. OP was prepared by water-alcohol extraction method after freeze-thaw pretreatment (FTP)/sweeping frequency ultrasound pretreatment (SFUP), and used for corrosion inhibition of ANSI 304 stainless steel (304 SS) in 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl). The molecular weight, hydrodynamic diameter and monosaccharide composition of OP were analyzed to determine the factors on the corrosion inhibition of 304 SS. During SFUP of okra, the time-domain variation of ultrasound field was monitored by piezoelectric film sensor, its frequency-domain variation was monitored by a hydrophone, and analyzed respectively by oscilloscope and spectrum analyzer. Static weight-loss method, electrochemical and microscopic analyses were used to evaluate the corrosion inhibition efficiency of OP at temperatures (25, 30, 40, 50 °C) and concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2 g·L
-1 ) to optimize corrosion inhibition performance. It was found that OP by FTP and SFUP had higher corrosion inhibition efficiency on metals in acidic environment. According to static weight-loss method, the corrosion inhibition efficiency of OP with concentration of 2 g·L-1 (25 °C) was improved to 90.27 % in the FTP group and 93.53 % in the SFUP group, which 5.14 % and 8.93 % higher than Control (without pretreatment). Meanwhile, the corrosion inhibition efficiency decreased gradually as the temperature increased. OP corrosion inhibition performance fit Langmuir adsorption isothermal model as a mixed adsorption based on physical adsorption. It was a mixed inhibitor to protect 304 SS from corrosion., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Biodegradable ion-conductive polyvinyl alcohol/okra polysaccharide composite films for fast-response respiratory monitoring sensors.
- Author
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Lao Y, Xiao S, Liu H, Li D, Wei Q, Li Z, and Lu S
- Subjects
- Humans, Polymers, Adsorption, Polysaccharides, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Abelmoschus
- Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and okra polysaccharide (OP) are biodegradable polymers with high hydrophilicity and good biocompatibility with potential for use as flexible humidity-sensitive materials. Herein, biodegradable flexible composite films (named POP films) were prepared from PVA, OP, and phytic acid using a solution-casting method based on. POP films exhibited excellent mechanical strength, flexibility, flame retardancy, water resistance, humidity response, and humidity-sensing characteristics. Notably, the POP humidity sensors exhibited a hysteresis value of 1.88 % relative humidity for the adsorption and desorption processes and good sensitivity over a wide humidity range of 35-95 %. In addition, the humidity sensor distinguished the frequency of nose breathing, and its response and recovery times were 0.9 and 1.98 s, respectively. The excellent performance of POP sensors in monitoring humidity and human respiratory rates demonstrates the sensor's potential for wearable smart devices., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Seedless okra pod, chlorophyll, vitamin C and mineral content development using plant growth regulator in vitro and in vivo culture.
- Author
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Hossain AS, Alenazi MMA, Ahmed ASA, Alrudayni HA, Haouala F, Al-Hashimi A, Kahrizi D, and Alhudhaibi AM
- Subjects
- Humans, Ascorbic Acid, Chlorophyll, Vitamins, Minerals, Plant Growth Regulators, Abelmoschus
- Abstract
Vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber that keep a significant role in the functioning of the human body to refrain human health benefits. The experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different concentrations of IAA on the seedless pod, chlorophyll, vitamin and mineral content of okra as human health benefits. The innovative seed soaking method of application using 0, 25, 50, 100 & 200 mg/l of IAA concentrations was used in okra before germination and cultured in vitro and in vivo. The lower concentrations (25 and 50 mg/l) of IAA significantly increased the pod setting compared to the higher concentration (100 and 200 mg/l). The higher concentration (100 and 200 mg/l) had lower fruit settings than the lower concentration (25 &50) had higher fruit settings. The higher pod size was obtained in the concentration of 100 & 200 mg/l of IAA (34.18 cm²) as compared to the control and other concentrations. In addition, the highest soluble solid content was obtained by 100 and 200 mg/l of IAA concentration as compared to the other concentrations. The maximum vitamin C was found in the concentration of 100 mg/l of IAA as compared to the control and other concentrations. Moreover, higher mineral contents like K, Ca, Mg, Na and Fe were found in 100 & 200 mg/l of IAA. The higher concentrations (100 and 200 mg/l) of IAA greatly increased the seedless okra percentage as compared to the lower concentration. It seemed that 100 and 200 mg/l concentration IAA was a better concentration for mineral content and seedless okra production as compared to the other concentrations.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Analysis of natural okra extracts as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic medium.
- Author
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Sulaimon AA, Murungi PI, Tackie-Otoo BN, Nwankwo PC, and Bustam MA
- Subjects
- Steel, Corrosion, Acids, Plant Extracts, Polysaccharides, Abelmoschus
- Abstract
Plant extracts have been shown to effectively inhibit metal corrosion. Using the Box-Behnken design, gravimetric, and electrochemical techniques, analyses were designed to investigate the anti-corrosion potential of okra in a 1M HCl medium. The inhibition performances derived from the various methods were in good agreement, demonstrating that physio-chemisorption was effective and adhered to the Langmuir isotherm model. The efficiency of okra mucilage extract was 96% at a much lower concentration compared to 91.2% and 88.4% for the unsieved extract and gelly-okra filtrate, respectively. FTIR results showed the presence of several functional groups in the okra mucilage extract that are associated with adsorption, and TGA analysis revealed that the extract has high thermal stability. FESEM analysis also supported evidence of adsorption. It was determined that corrosion inhibition by okra mucilage extract was primarily influenced by temperature, followed by extract concentration, with immersion time having the least effect. From the model optimization, it was observed that okra mucilage extract at 200 ppm, 60°C, and 24 h gave an inhibition efficiency of 89.98% and high desirability. These results demonstrate the high capacity of natural okra as an efficient biodegradable corrosion inhibitor., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Inhibition of ferroptosis of renal tubular cells with total flavones of Abelmoschus manihot alleviates diabetic tubulopathy.
- Author
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Wang MZ, Cai YF, Fang QJ, Liu YL, Wang J, Chen JX, Fu Y, Wan BY, Tu Y, Wu W, Wan YG, and Mu GL
- Subjects
- Rats, Humans, Animals, Iron therapeutic use, Flavones pharmacology, Flavones therapeutic use, Abelmoschus, Ferroptosis, Diabetic Nephropathies drug therapy, Diabetic Nephropathies metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus drug therapy
- Abstract
Ferroptosis-related renal tubular lesions play important roles in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression, and these pathophysiological responses are collectively described as diabetic tubulopathy (DT), which lacks an effective treatment. Total flavones from Abelmoschus manihot (TFA), a natural extract that extensively used in patients with chronic kidney disease, has been used for treatment of renal tubular injury in DKD; however, whether TFA alleviates DT and its potential mechanisms remain unclear. Hence, we investigated the effects of TFA, compared to dapagliflozin, in DT management both in vivo and in vitro, using a DKD rat model and the NRK-52 E cells. Following modeling, the DKD rats received TFA, dapagliflozin, or vehicle for 6 weeks. For the in vitro research, the NRK-52 E cells were exposed to advanced glycation end products (AGEs) plus ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), dapagliflozin, or TFA. Changes in biochemical parameters and renal tubular injury were analyzed in vivo, while changes in ferroptosis of renal tubular cells and the ferroptosis-related proteins expression were analyzed both in vivo and in vitro. We found that TFA and dapagliflozin improved biochemical parameters, renal tubular injury, and ferroptosis in the DKD rats. Moreover, TFA and dapagliflozin inhibited ferroptosis by ameliorating iron deposition, lipid peroxidation capacity, and ferroptosis-related proteins expression in vitro, which was similar to the effects of Fer-1. Collectively, this study demonstrated that TFA treated DT in a manner similar to dapagliflozin by inhibiting ferroptosis of renal tubular cells via improving iron deposition and antioxidant capacity. Our findings provide new pharmacological evidence for TFA application in DT treatment., (© 2022 American Association for Anatomy.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Chemopreventive Effects of Polysaccharides and Flavonoids from Okra Flowers in Azomethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Murine Colitis-Associated Cancer.
- Author
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Deng Y, Huang X, Chen X, Wang M, Tian L, Zhou H, Yang W, He F, and Yin W
- Subjects
- Humans, Mice, Animals, Flavonoids adverse effects, Dextran Sulfate adverse effects, Interleukin-6, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, beta Catenin, Azoxymethane, Carcinogenesis, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Disease Models, Animal, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Abelmoschus, Colitis-Associated Neoplasms, Colitis chemically induced, Colitis complications, Colitis drug therapy, Anticarcinogenic Agents pharmacology, Hominidae, Colorectal Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Okra flowers are a good source of polysaccharides and flavonoids, with biological activities of anti-inflammatory action and modulation of the gut microbiota. Previously, we reported that flavonoid-rich extracts from okra flowers (AFE) presented effective anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) activity in CRC cells as well as xenograft models, but their role in colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is unidentified. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of AFE and APE (polysaccharides extracted from okra flowers) on the CAC symptoms of azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-intervened mice. The results showed that APE and AFE exert potent efficacy in inhibiting colitis and colorectal tumorigenesis stimulated by AOM/DSS, characterized by decreased colonic shortening, DAI score, and tumor numbers. Compared with the control group, APE/AFE alleviated the microbiota dysbiosis driven by AOM/DSS. In addition, AFE elicited its anticancer activity through regulation of NFκB/IL-6/Stat3, JAK2/Stat3, MAPKs, PI3K/AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin signal transductions in AOM/DSS mice, which was consistent with a vitro model of CT26 cells, while APE treatment exhibited anticancer activity through regulation of Nrf2/IL-6, MAPKs, PI3K/AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin signal transductions in the AOM/DSS mouse model. Collectively, our studies revealed, for the first time, that flavonoids and polysaccharides from okra flowers possess the ability to attenuate colitis and colorectal tumorigenesis, with them having great potential to become promising candidates against CRC.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Green synthesis of novel biochar from Abelmoschus esculentus seeds for direct blue 86 dye removal: Characterization, RSM optimization, isotherms, kinetics, and fixed bed column studies.
- Author
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Kumar D and Gupta SK
- Subjects
- Humans, Kinetics, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Charcoal, Adsorption, Seeds, Abelmoschus, Water Pollutants, Chemical chemistry, Water Purification
- Abstract
The presence of Direct blue 86 dye (DB86) in water can lead to various health hazards to the humans and animals. The study explored efficacy of biochar derived from Abelmoschus Esculentus seeds (AESB) to remove DB86 from an aqueous solution. BET analysis of AESB delineated H4 classification with the predominance of micropores and mesopores spread throughout the surface. FTIR study demonstrated the presence of the alkyl (C-H), Alkene (C]C), Carbonyl (C]O) and O-H bond of the sulphonic group which helped in adsorption of DB86 molecules through various mechanisms i.e., pore filling, π-π interactions, and hydrogen bonding interactions. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for designing the adsorption experiment and analysing the optimum operating parameters. Batch experiments demonstrated excellent adsorption capacity (277.04 mg/g) of AESB and was efficient in 98.06% removal of DB86 at optimal conditions i.e., dye conc. = 300 mg/L, dose = 2.5 g/L, pH = 2, time of 120 min. Adsorption followed nonlinear Sips model (R
2 = 0.999) with an error (X2 = 0.13, RMSE = 0.83, MAPE 0.56 and MSRE = 0.0006). The kinetic analysis revealed intra-particle diffusion being the rate-determining step and followed nonlinear pseudo-first-order kinetics (R2 = 0.997). Thermodynamic study revealed that the adsorption of DB-86 proceeded spontaneously and exhibited endothermic characteristics, with the enthalpy change primarily governed by the physisorption mechanism. Thomas model revealed inverse relation of breakthrough and exhaustion time with flow while it was proportional to bed height. The sorption capacity (N0 ) (2.2493 mg/l min) and rate constant (Ka ) (0.028 L/min. mg) of BDST model can accurately be used for predicting the performance of AESB in full scale column., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Organic amendments improve salinity-induced osmotic and oxidative stress tolerance in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)Moench).
- Author
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Naseem A, Iqbal S, Jabeen K, Umar A, Alharbi K, Antar M, Grądecka-Jakubowska K, Gancarz M, and Ali I
- Subjects
- Catalase metabolism, Salinity, Manure, Solid Waste, Oxidative Stress, Soil, Peroxidases metabolism, Peroxidase metabolism, Superoxide Dismutase metabolism, Proline metabolism, Water metabolism, Sugars metabolism, Antioxidants metabolism, Abelmoschus
- Abstract
Aims: Salinity adversely affects okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] plants by inducing osmotic and oxidative stresses. This study was designed to enhance salinity-induced osmotic and oxidative stress tolerance in okra plants by applying organic amendments., Methods: The effects of different organic amendments (municipal solid waste compost, farmyard manure (FYM) and press mud) on osmotic potential, water use efficiency, activities of antioxidant enzymes, total soluble sugar, total soluble proline, total soluble protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of okra plants grown under saline conditions (50 mM sodium chloride) were evaluated in a pot experiment. The organic amendments were applied each at the rate of 5% and 10% per pot or in various combinations (compost + FYM, FYM + press mud and compost + press mud each at the rate of 2.5% and 5% per pot)., Results: As compared to control, high total soluble sugar (60.41), total soluble proline (33.88%) and MDA (51%) contents and increased activities of antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (83.54%), catalase (78.61%), peroxidase (53.57%] in salinity-stressed okra plants, were indicative of oxidative stress. Salinity significantly reduced the osmotic potential (41.78%) and water use efficiency (4.75%) of okra plants compared to control. Under saline conditions, 5% (farmyard manure + press mud) was the most effective treatment, which significantly improved osmotic potential (27.05%), total soluble sugar (4.20%), total soluble protein (73.62%) and total soluble proline (23.20%) contents and superoxide dismutase activity (32.41%), compared to saline soil. Application of 2.5% (FYM + press mud), 5% press mud, and 10% compost significantly reduced MDA content (27%) and improved activities of catalase (38.64%) and peroxidase (48.29%), respectively, compared to saline soil, thus facilitated to alleviate oxidative stress in okra plants., Conclusions: Using organic amendments (municipal solid waste compost, farmyard manure and press mud) was a cost-effective approach to improve salinity-induced osmotic and oxidative stress tolerance in okra plants., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. The World Vegetable Center Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Core Collection as a Source for Flooding Stress Tolerance Traits for Breeding
- Author
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Roland Schafleitner, Chen-Yu Lin, Ya-Ping Lin, Tien-Hor Wu, Cian-Huei Hung, Chooi-Lin Phooi, Shu-Hui Chu, Yu-Cen Jhong, and Yun-Yin Hsiao
- Subjects
Abelmoschus ,gene bank collection ,core collection ,flooding stress ,high throughput phenotyping ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is a heat tolerant vegetable crop with high economic and nutritional importance in parts of Asia, Africa, and America. The okra biodiversity held in gene bank collections could be mined for traits for breeding more stress tolerant and nutritional cultivars. An okra core collection of 166 accessions comprising A. esculentus, A. moschatus, A. caillei, and A. manihot has been assembled from the World Vegetable Center germplasm collection (840 accessions) based on diversity analysis with 20 microsatellite markers. A selection of A. esculentus accessions of the core collection (75 accessions) and 20 breeder-selected genotypes have been screened for variation of their response to flooding stress under field conditions using a high throughput phenotyping system. Growth increment per day and changes of physiological indices were measured before, during, and after application of 9 days of flooding stress. Several accessions showed only a small reduction in daily growth increment during flooding. Across the germplasm panel, maintained growth was correlated with maintained normalized differential vegetation index and was negatively correlated with plant senescence index. Accessions with maintained growth and health under flooding were selected for future further analysis and use in breeding.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. A new cadinane sesquiterpenoid glucoside with cytotoxicity from Abelmoschus sagittifolius.
- Author
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Chen, De-Li, Li, Guang, Liu, Yang-Yang, Ma, Guo-Xu, Zheng, Wei, Sun, Xiao-Bo, and Xu, Xu-Dong
- Subjects
GLUCOSIDES ,ABELMOSCHUS ,CELL-mediated cytotoxicity ,CANCER cells ,NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Abstract
A new cadinane sesquiterpenoid glucoside, 2β,7,3-trihydroxycalamenene 3-O-β-d-glucoside (1) together with six known compounds, N-(p-trans-coumaroyl)-N-methyl tyramine (2), Cleomiscosin A (3), 9,12,13-trihydroxy-10,15-heptadecadienoic acid (4), Cytochalasin B (5), Marmesinin (6) and N-(p-trans-coumaroyl) tyramine (7) were obtained from the stem bark of Abelmoschus sagittifolius. The new structure of compound 1 was elucidated by analysing its
1 H and13 C-NMR,1 H-1 H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY and HR-ESI-MS spectra. Compounds 1–7 showed moderate cytotoxicity against Hela and HepG-2 human cancer cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Effects of pre-treatments and co-digestion on biogas production from Okra waste.
- Author
-
Ugwu, S. N. and Enweremadu, C. C.
- Subjects
- *
BIOGAS , *RENEWABLE energy sources , *METHANE , *GOMPERTZ functions (Mathematics) , *ABELMOSCHUS - Abstract
The effects of pre-treatment and co-digestion on the biogas yield of okra wastes are the focus of this paper. Okra wastes (O) were treated with 5% alkaline (NaOH) (OA), microwave (OMW), and microwave + alkaline. Sheep slurry (S) was co-digested with okra waste in varying proportions [25% (OS25), 50% (OS50), and 100% (S)]. Biomethane potential tests using 500 ml bioreactors were carried out in the batch mode at a hydraulic retention time of 25 days under mesophilic conditions (37 °C). The cumulative biogas yield from the alkaline treated sample (OA) increased by 45.87% when compared to the control (O), and other pre-treated samples were statistically the same with untreated okra waste at the 95% confidence level. Samples co-digested with sheep slurry recorded a low biogas yield. The results of the kinetic studies performed with the measured cumulative biogas yield showed that while the modified Gompertz model presented a better prediction range (0.66%–2.48%), the first-order kinetic model produced a better goodness of fit (<10) and R2 values when compared to the modified Gompertz model. The results of the Artificial neural network (ANN) performed were compared with the earlier used kinetic models, and it was observed that all the performance indicators (R2, RMSE and %prediction difference) from the ANN model best predicted the biomethane yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Phenotypic and genotypic divergence in Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] and implications for drought tolerance breeding: A review
- Author
-
Abe Shegro Gerrano, Sonto Silindile Mkhabela, Hussein Shimelis, and Jacob Mashilo
- Subjects
Germplasm ,Genetic diversity ,biology ,business.industry ,fungi ,Drought tolerance ,food and beverages ,Introgression ,Ideotype ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Biotechnology ,Genetic variation ,Abelmoschus ,Cultivar ,business - Abstract
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) is high-valued vegetable and oil crop serving the food, pharmaceutical, paper and oil industry. The production of okra in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and globally are hindered by a lack of improved cultivars with drought tolerance. Considerable phenotypic and genotypic variation present in okra genetic resources from SSA is useful for cultivar design with enhanced pod and oil yields, and drought tolerance. However, the genetic diversity present in SSA's okra germplasm collection is yet to be explored for breeding targeting economic and horticultural traits. The objective of this review was to document the research progresses on phenotypic and genotypic divergence analysis and drought tolerance breeding of okra to facilitate breeding and conservation. The review presented the diversity of okra for key agronomic, horticultural and physiological traits for ideotype breeding, gene introgression and drought tolerance improvement. This is followed by key summaries on genetic diversity using conventional and genomic tools, and use of genetic variation in selection programs involving drought-adaptive and economic traits. The review serves as a baseline information to guide future okra breeding and cultivar design under water limited environments in SSA or related agro-ecologies.
- Published
- 2022
47. Phenotypic response of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus [L.] Moench) genotypes under drought-stressed and non-stressed conditions
- Author
-
Hussein Shimelis, Jacob Mashilo, Abe Shegro Gerrano, and Sonto Silindile Mkhabela
- Subjects
biology ,fungi ,Drought tolerance ,food and beverages ,Plant Science ,Phenotypic trait ,biology.organism_classification ,Horticulture ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Point of delivery ,chemistry ,Yield (wine) ,Anthocyanin ,Genetic variation ,Abelmoschus ,Cultivar - Abstract
Genetic variation is fundamental for breeding drought-adapted cultivars with economic traits. The objective of this study was to determine the response of selected okra genotypes to drought stress using yield and yield-related traits to identify and select candidate genotypes for drought tolerance breeding. Twenty-six okra genotypes were evaluated in glasshouse (GH) and field (FLD) environments under drought-stressed (DS) and non-stressed (NS) conditions using a 13 × 2 α lattice design with two replications. Data were collected on the following phenotypic traits: number of branches per plant (NB), plant height (PH), days to maturity (DTM), stem diameter (SD), fresh pod length (FPL), dry pod weight per plant (DPW), dry pod length per plant (DPL), number of seeds per plant (NSP), number of pods per plant (NPP), pod yield per plant (YPP) and anthocyanin (ATY) pigmentation of the stem. Significant (P
- Published
- 2022
48. Population assessment of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius.) and disease occurrence of Begomovirus in okra, Abelmoschus esculentus L
- Author
-
Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi and Sarir Ahmad
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,Veterinary medicine ,Disease occurrence ,biology ,Population ,Begomovirus ,Whitefly ,biology.organism_classification ,Virus ,Okra leaf curl virus ,Disease severity ,Abelmoschus ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,education - Abstract
Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] is an essential vegetable cultivated primarily for its delicious green pods. Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) attacks it and damages the foliage by sap-sucking, and also, it transmits Phyto-viruses like Okra Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus and Okra Leaf Curl Virus. The okra production losses due to Whitefly and transmitted viruses are prodigious. This research investigated the population fluctuations of whitefly and the Begomoviruses Percent Disease incidence (PDI) and Disease Severity Index (DSI) in different okra varieties. The Whitefly population's first incidence was recorded in early May, while it peaked in July and vanished in August. The highly susceptible variety was the native Peshawar-local (3.37 Whitefly/ 3 leaf), and the most resistant variety was Sabz-Pari (1.00 Whitefly/3 leaf). The highest disease incidence and severity were recorded on Peshawar-Local (PDI = 72.6, DSI = 69.0), followed by Ganga (PDI = 66.0, DSI = 54.8), while the most resistant variety against the virus infection was Sabz-Pari having lower PDI = 6.00 and DSI = 1.20. The viral infection is characterized by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) through specific primers. Okra Yellow Vein Mosiac Virus was found to be the most prevailing and was amplified (800 bp) in all varieties apart from two resistant one’s, Peshawar-Local and Swat-Green, while Okra Leaf Curl Virus found to be the milder strain, and infection amplified (1600 bp) only in two varieties (Rama-Krishna and Peshawar-Local). The current finding insinuates that due to frequent use of the Peshawar-Local variety, it becomes susceptible to the whitefly and associated viruses; thus, this variety cultivation should be replaced by a resistant variety Sabz-Pari alongside proper monitoring of whitefly masses for expedient management.
- Published
- 2022
49. Identification of novel microsatellite markers in okra (Abelmoschusesculentus (L.) Moench) through next-generation sequencing and their utilization in analysis of genetic relatedness studies and cross-species transferability.
- Author
-
Ravishankar, Kundapura V., Muthaiah, Gayathri, Mottaiyan, Pitchaimuthu, and Gundale, Santhosh-kumar
- Subjects
- *
MICROSATELLITE repeats in plants , *OKRA , *ABELMOSCHUS , *NUCLEOTIDE sequencing , *HETEROZYGOSITY , *ALLELES in plants , *PLANTS - Abstract
The article explores the identification of novel microsatellite markers in Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Malvaceae), populary known as okra, by next-generation sequencing. Topics mentioned include the partial sequence of genomic DNA using Roche 454 Titanium pyrosequencing technology, the olymorphic information content and heterozygosity of alleles per locus, and assessment of genetic variation in the species.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Total flavones of Abelmoschus manihot improve diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the iRhom2/TACE signalling pathway activity in rats.
- Author
-
Liu, Su, Ye, Lifang, Tao, Jing, Ge, Chao, Huang, Liji, and Yu, Jiangyi
- Subjects
- *
ABELMOSCHUS , *DIABETIC nephropathies , *KIDNEY diseases , *ANTI-inflammatory agents , *MICE as carriers of disease - Abstract
Context: Total flavones extracted from Abelmoschus manihot L. (Malvaceae) medic (TFA) have been proven clinically effective at improving renal inflammation and glomerular injury in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objective: This study evaluated the function of TFA as an inhibitor of iRhom2/TACE (tumour necrosis factor-α converting enzyme) signalling and investigated its anti-DN (diabetic nephropathy) effects in a DN rat model. Materials and methods: In vitro, cells were treated with 200 μg/mL advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and then co-cultured with 20 μg/mL TFA for 24 h. Real time PCR, western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed. In vivo, DN was induced in 8 week old male Sprague-Dawley rats via unilateral nephrectomy and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, then TFA were administered to rats by gavage for 12 weeks at three different doses (300, 135 and 75 mg/kg/d). 4-Phenylbutanoic acid (2.5 mg/kg/d) was used as a positive control. Results: IC50 of TFA is 35.6 μM in HK2 and 39.6 μM in HRMC. TFA treatment (20 μM) inhibited the activation of iRhom2/TACE signalling in cultured cells induced by AGEs. LD50>26 g/kg and ED50=67 mg/kg of TFA in rat by gavage, TFA dose-dependently downregulated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and exerted anti-inflammatory effects significantly though inhibiting the activation of iRhom2/TACE signalling. Discussion and conclusions: Our results show that TFA could dose-dependently ameliorate renal inflammation by inhibiting the activation of iRhom2/TACE signalling and attenuating ER stress. These results suggest that TFA has potential therapeutic value for the treatment of DN in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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