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This research performs a systematic review on the impact of artificial intelligence on the modernization of nursing. The key types of artificial intelligence in the research are clinical decision support systems, mobile health, sensor-based technologies, voice assistants, and robotics. The study will cover all geographical locations and all nursing fields. Sources of data for the research journal articles and clinical studies reports on the impact of artificial intelligence in nursing. Information will be extracted from various databases such as PubMed, Google scholar, and clinicaltrials.gov. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data collected will be conducted to reach findings that are free from bias.

Background: COVID-19 is a contagious viral disease affecting the respiratory system leading to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and can progress to respiratory failure and death. Objective: To evaluate factors associated with early versus late COVID-19 related deaths for patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: We prospectively followed up all critically ill cases with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 who progressed to death at the adult ICU in Prince Mohammed bin Abdul-Aziz hospital in Riyadh, from January to December, 2020. We analyzed demographic characteristics, presenting symptoms and signs before and after admission, associated comorbidities, the use of mechanical ventilation and admission-death duration. A subsample of 160 cases were divided into two groups according to the admission to death duration, Group 1 < 14 days (n = 71) and group 2 > 14 days (n = 89). Results: A total of 160 deaths underwent detailed analysis. The population's median age was 60.4 years. There was significantly more deaths occurred in males 123/160 (77.5%) compared to females 37/160 (22.5%) (P < 0.001). There was significantly higher mortality cases in the age group of 60-69 years occurring in group 2 compared to group 1.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the power of social media in the dissemination of information. The current pandemic has hurt not only social media users but also on state's sustainable development. As a result, the present study seeks to understand the reasons for using social media during the COVID 19 pandemic by screening various topics and assessing the impact of misinformation on social media, primarily psychological and mental effects. The study utilized a quantitative research design. Participants were individuals between the age of twenty and fifty. Data was collected using a questionnaire shared online to the 360 participants. The studies' responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the arithmetic percentage method using graphs and figures. The study results revealed that many respondents use social media as a source of information, news, and psychological nourishment. Besides, the results indicated that participants below 50 years of age used social media frequently. Whatsapp, Twitter, and Youtube were the most used social media sites among the participants. The findings indicated that most participants used social media as a source of vital information during the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study recommends that governments and health institutions focus on developing abilities to respond simultaneously to misinformation cases. This study has facilitated more knowledge into the uses of social media in times of health crises. The study acts as a blueprint to prepare the world for managing social media information sharing in the future.

Background: Nurses' clinical practice is of a huge importance as it making ready them to become eligible practitioners. Learning in the clinical practice is a important part in nursing education because of the fact that nursing profession chiefly based on practice. Clinical learning environments are the primary places to provide a quality clinical experience. The quality of clinical learning usually reflects the quality of the curriculum structure. Nursing students' satisfaction is an important part to make any reforms that aim to improve the learning effectiveness and the results within the clinical settings. Aim: To investigate Nursing students’ satisfaction with the clinical learning environment. Method: This study used a quantitative research design. It was a correlational study conducted February to May 2019. The researchers identified the relationship between the nursing students' level of satisfaction of the Clinical Learning Environment (CLE) and their personal characteristics. Study participants were students of the Nursing Department from different levels, 3th, 4th and interns’ students in University of Tabuk using questionnaire CLES +T scale Results: Nursing students were highly satisfied with the clinical learning environment and their satisfaction has been positively related to all clinical learning environment constructs namely the pedagogical atmosphere, the Ward Manager’s leadership style, the premises of Nursing in the ward, the supervisory relationship (mentor) and the role of the Nurse Teacher. Most of the respondents belong to 3rd Year Level; female; and well distributed among the medical and surgical units. There is a very strong relationship between the satisfaction level of the Nursing Students and their profile. Conclusion: Supervision methods are a significant factor influencing student evaluation of their clinical placement environment. The study offers a valuable insight into the analysis of factors contributing to improvements in clinical learning environment and models of clinical or workplace training.

Background Bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic conditions among children. Despite the improvement in asthma treatment regimens, its prevalence and related morbidity are increasing, especially among underserved, minority children. There are barriers in the management of asthma, which may impact the quality of outcomes. The goal of this study is to explore these barriers. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on interview data collected through 2019 from mothers of children (aged 6 - 12 years) with asthma visiting, for convenience, a public shopping mall. The interviewees were randomly selected, because they met the inclusion criteria. Participants were considered if the mother answered “yes” to the following questions: Has your child had physician-diagnosed asthma? Is your child currently taking asthma medications of asthma? Two community nurses conducted the interviews. Data was obtained using administrative questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 (IBM Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Descriptive statistics of percentage, mean, frequency and standard deviation were applied for categorical and continuous variables. Results Three hundred mothers participated in this study. Their average age was 36.8 years, 55% were housekeepers by profession, and 34% had obtained less than high school education. The majority of children (61%) were males, 45% had moderate asthma, and 42% had mild asthma. The most frequent types of barriers identified by parents were environmental factors (67.7%), followed by health care providers (63%), the health care system (48%), and patient or family characteristics (43%). Mothers were specifically concerned about the use, safety, and long-term complications of medications, the impact of exercise limitation on their child’s quality of life, and their own quality of life. Conclusion This study showed several barriers against asthma care in Saudi Arabia, which mainly related to environmental or personal characteristics. This highlights the need to enhance current policies within the health care system in Saudi Arabia to overcome these barriers.

Almost a quarter of children in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are diagnosed with asthma, and it is the third most common reason for hospital admissions, representing a major public health challenge. This article review is a chapter from PhD thesis that identified the perspective of health professional and patients about the nursing role during pediatric asthma management based Burawoy’s extended case method. A qualitative paradigm was deemed to be most appropriate to fully grasp the meanings that the participants attach to the phenomenon of childhood asthma management. Then, this review described a a new Nursing Role Development Model as a way of conceptualising the nursing role generally, in order to recognize the importance of multi-level environments as well as interactions between the levels as key factors influencing development which may applied to the field in Saudi Arabia. The impact of the clinical nurse specialist enhances patient care and promotes professional nursing practice. This article provides a review of the asthma management and its challenges, a description of multifactor such as professional power, policy, culture and gender roles on stakeholders’ perceptions of nurses in general and asthma nurse specialists in particular, and a discussion of opportunities and potential threats to future growth of the clinical nurse specialist role.

Almost a quarter of children in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are diagnosed with asthma, and it is the third most common reason for hospital admissions, representing a major public health challenge. This article review is a chapter from PhD thesis that identified the perspective of health professional and patients about the nursing role during pediatric asthma management based Burawoy’s extended case method. A qualitative paradigm was deemed to be most appropriate to fully grasp the meanings that the participants attach to the phenomenon of childhood asthma management. Then, this review described a a new Nursing Role Development Model as a way of conceptualising the nursing role generally, in order to recognize the importance of multi-level environments as well as interactions between the levels as key factors influencing development which may applied to the field in Saudi Arabia. The impact of the clinical nurse specialist enhances patient care and promotes professional nursing practice. This article provides a review of the asthma management and its challenges, a description of multifactor such as professional power, policy, culture and gender roles on stakeholders’ perceptions of nurses in general and asthma nurse specialists in particular, and a discussion of opportunities and potential threats to future growth of the clinical nurse specialist role.

Asthma is one of the most common diseases in the world, with particularly high prevalence in KSA. Poor asthma management compliance, including inaccurate diagnoses, inappropriate medication use, poor patient knowledge, low understanding of the disease, unsatisfactory self-management adherence, incorrect techniques in administering inhalant medications and insufficient education are known to exist. The aims of this study is to assess asthma knowledge, attitudes and practice among the health professionals within two hospitals in Tabuk city, Saudi Arabia. This survey was carried out using self-reporting questionnaires. The hospital was a Level 3 site because it has an Emergency department that is open for admissions 24 hours a day, and is equipped with a Medical Assessment Unit. For this survey, a descriptive approach was adopted. 112 (n=112) health professionals were interviewed (nurses n=65 and doctors n=47) through the use of a convenience sample. The data was collected using a combination of two questionnaires, both of which were validated and deemed reliable while inclusive of demographics. Findings may also be used in the planning and implementation of awareness programmes about asthma care and its treatment. Finally, the findings of the study may be valuable to researchers interested in conducting further studies to improve asthma management.