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A novel nanocomposite was prepared by hybridizing polyacrylic acid/maleic acid with nano copper oxide (PAACMA/CuO) for the sorption of 60Co (II) and 152+154Eu (III) radionuclides from an aqueous solution. Nano-CuO was biochemically produced by hydrolysing its salt in the presence of the Aspergillus terreus fungus. The PAACMA/CuO nanocomposite was characterized using a variety of analytical techniques. The optimum sorption conditions (pH 4.5 for 60Co and pH 3.53 for 152+154Eu, 24 h of equilibrium time at 20 oC) were applied. The kinetic mechanism of the sorption reaction was controlled by pseudo second order based on residual charts, coefficient of determination (R2), and corrected Akaike information Criterion (AICc). The sorption reaction mechanism was controlled by Langmuir model for linear regression using the coefficient of determination and the Dubinin-Radushkevich D-R model for the AICc and residual plots error functions. The reaction mechanism throughout non-linear regression was controlled by the D-R model due to the coefficient of determination, AICc, and residual charts. The PAACMA/CuO nanocomposite had a mono-layer adsorption capacity of 11.04 mg g− 1 for Co (II) and 21.54 mg g− 1 for Eu (III). According to desorption studies, Co (II) and Eu (III) could be recovered by 0.1 mol L− 1 EDTA with efficiencies 55.46% and 95.044%, respectively. According to thermodynamic studies, the sorption of Co (II) and Eu (III) on the prepared composite was endothermic and spontaneous.

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer has been intensively used to improve peanut productivity. However, the high cost of N fertilizer, and the need for sustainable alternative fertilizer sources have increased the strategic importance of nitrogen fixation (NF). Thus, field experiments were conducted in an experimental farm with a drip irrigation system, at the Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Egypt, in order to measure the impact of efficiency symbiotic Bradyrhizobium sp. and asymbiotic Azotobacter sp. on NF, from air and soil, in the presence or absence of plant residues on the growth and yield of peanut plant. All treatments received nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of 72 kg N per hectare. Nitrogen dose was applied using ammonium sulphate 15N labeled of 10% atom excess from the peanut. Results indicated that the application of Bradyrhizobium sp. with plant residues significantly increased fresh and dry weight/m2, pod and seed weight/plant−1,100- seed weight, and biological yield kg ha−1, where the highest mean values of seed yield (4648 and 4529 kg ha−1), oil % (52.29 and 52.21%), seed protein percentage (16.09 and 15.89%), as well as nitrogen derived from air (63.14 and 66.20%) in the first and second seasons were recorded under the application of Bradyrhizobium sp, respectively. Bradyrhizobium sp. inoculation showed nearly close portions of Ndfa to those recorded with Azotobacter sp., in both the presence and absence of plant residue application through the two seasons. The investigated yield signs and their properties were significantly enhanced by bacterial inoculation with plant residue application. The present study shows that both possibility of NF of peanut, and nitrogen uptake in the soil are enhanced by field inoculation with effective Bradyrhizobium sp. with plant residue application. In practice, inoculation is a great strategy to improve soil fertility for subsequent planting, since it helps boost the import of nitrogen from plant biomass into the soil.

Nano ZnO is biosynthesized using Lactobcillus sp. Poly Acrylic acid-co-Acrylonitrile/ZnO, PAACAN/ZnO, and poly Acrylic acid-co-Maleic acid/ZnO, PAACMA/ZnO, nancomposites were synthesized using 60Co γ-rays. PAACAN/ZnO and PAACMA/ZnO nanocomposites were characterized and used as sorbents for 60Co(II) radionuclide. The monolayer adsorption capacities of 60Co(II) onto PAACMA/ZnO and PAACAN/ZnO are 18.235, 7.105 mgg−1, respectively at pH 4.5 and 20 °C. The sorption reaction has a pseudo 2nd order mechanism. 0.1 M EDTA could be used as an eluent for desorption. The desorption efficiencies of 60Co(II) from PAACAN/ZnO and PAACMA/ZnO were 67.51 and 84.85%, respectively. The sorption process is endothermic and spontaneous.

The zygomatic bone, which includes the lateral and inferior orbital rims as well as the malar eminence, comprises the lateral part of the midface, giving it width and projection. Zygomatic arch fractures account for 10% to 15% of all facial fractures and are commonly caused by a direct blow to the face. Zygomatic fractures are most caused by blunt trauma. Paediatric zygomatic fractures are a rare complication in the continuum of craniofacial injuries that cosmetic and reconstructive surgeons deal with. The combination between etiology, force of damage, and stage of craniofacial development determines the location and distribution of facial fractures in children. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about the epidemiology, classification and management of zygomatic fractures in children. Although facial fractures especially zygomatic fractures in children are quite uncommon and rare, appropriate screening and diagnosis, as well as prompt treatment, are necessary to avoid consequences. Surgeons face tremendous hurdles when dealing with facial trauma associated with serious injuries, as there is a functional and aesthetic impact on the growing children, as well as a financial and emotional burden on the patient and family. The early management of zygomatic fractures in children, like any trauma, detects situations that require rapid treatment to avoid life-threatening consequences. Paediatric zygomatic fractures are quite uncommon due to the specific anatomic, physiologic, social, and environmental aspects that accompany craniofacial growth however the literature data is lacking and quite scarce, more epidemiological studies targeting age group of children are needed.

Improving the economical yield of commonly cultivated crops is one of the most pressing social and scientific issues in modern agriculture. This paper was conducted to investigate the bio-efficacy of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in improving phosphorous (P) utilization and increasing the yield of onion plant grown in sandy soil under a drip irrigation system. The obtained results showed that AMF inoculation of onion and application of 120 kg P fertilizer ha−1 significantly increased the fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll content of onion as well as P concentration in the root, shoot, and bulb during two growing seasons. Moreover, AMF increased the bioavailability of P in the rhizosphere and significantly enhanced the N-utilization by the inoculated plant. The economic yield of the onion plant inoculated by AMF and fertilized by different doses of P fertilizer was much higher than that obtained by the control (without AMF). These findings indicated that inoculating the onion plant in the field with AMF could be very effective in increasing the yield of the onion plant. Additionally, this study suggests AMF as a low-cost and promising candidate for the sustainable production of the onion crop using reclaimed sandy soils and a drip irrigation system.

Persistent headaches and migraines are common in pediatrics with various treatment options. The sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) has been identified as communicating with the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system and pain receptors. In adults, SPG block is an established treatment but there is no published literature in pediatrics.The purpose of this study is to analyze the SPG block in pediatrics.Retrospective, single-center study.This study was conducted at Phoenix Children's Hospital in Phoenix, Arizona.A comprehensive review of patient charts from 2015-2018 of all pediatric SPG blockades performed by interventional radiology were included in the analysis. Utilizing fluoroscopic guidance, a SphenoCath was inserted into each nostril and after confirming position, and 4% lidocaine injected. Pre- and postprocedural pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Immediate and acute complications were documented.A total of 489 SPG blocks were performed in patients between ages 6 and 26 years who were diagnosed with migraine or status migrainosus. One hundred percent technical success was achieved with mean reduction of pain scores of 2.4, which was statistically significant (P0.0001). There were no immediate or acute complications.Results of this study were based on retrospective study. The use of VAS may be subjective, and the need of a prospective study may be necessary.With 100% technical success, statistically significant pain reduction, and no complications, we support SPG block in the pediatric population as a simple, efficacious, and safe treatment option for refractory headaches. It is routinely performed in less than 10 minutes and commonly negates the need for inpatient headache pain management. Given its minimal invasivity, we support the use of SPG blockade as a therapeutic treatment in refractory pediatric migraines as it reduces the need for intravenous medications, prolonged pain control, or hospital admission.

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer has been intensively used to improve peanut productivity. However, the high cost of N fertilizer, and the need for sustainable alternative fertilizer sources have increased the strategic importance of nitrogen fixation (NF). Thus, field experiments were conducted in an experimental farm with a drip irrigation system, at the Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Egypt, in order to measure the impact of efficiency symbiotic Bradyrhizobium sp. and asymbiotic Azotobacter sp. on NF, from air and soil, in the presence or absence of plant residues on the growth and yield of peanut plant. All treatments received nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of 72 kg N per hectare. Nitrogen dose was applied using ammonium sulphate

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are needed in various fields, especially in the biomedical field. CuO NPs was obtained from Aspergillus terreus filtrate. CuO NPs structure was confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, as well as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD offers the nanoparticles purity of CuO biosynthesis. CuO NPs are spherical when examined with TEM. The average size of CuO NPs from TEM was 15.75 ± 3.95 nm. New composite of P (AA-AN)-NPs CuO was synthesized by biotechnology and the induced γ-radiation. The distribution coefficient value (K

Series of laboratory (in vitro) examinations were carried out to recognizethe most potent fungi isolates and optimum culture conditions helps in solubilizing sparing phosphate in soil. Therefore, the present study aimed to isolate and screening of phosphate solubilizing fungi (PSF), study the contribution of PSF on solubilization of tri-calcium phosphate through excretion of acid and alkaline phosphatase and determine the optimal conditions for phosphate solubilization. From 12 fungal isolates, only four were chosen depending on their capacity to convert tri-calcium – P into soluble one. In this regard, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ficuum and Fusarium oxysporum were efficient in producing halo zone around the colonies on petri dish. Aspergillus niger was the most efficient phosphate solubilizer on Pikovskaya’s agar plates (PVK) achieving solubilization index (PSI) 2.4, followed by Aspergillus flavus with a SI= 2.3. The perfect activities of selected fungal isolates were detected with incubation periods 7 days and temperature 30°C for maximumphosphate solubilization, acid and alkaline phosphatase activities, pH 7.0 for maximum phosphate solubilization, pH 6.0 for maximum acid phosphatase activity while pH 8.0 was suitable for maximum alkaline phosphatase activity for both A. niger and A.flavus.

Isolation trials from the rotten roots of soybean roots collected from three Egyptian governorates, i.e. Giza, Menoufia and Gharbia yielded many fungal isolates. The isolated fungi were purified and identified as Alternaria spp., Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium semitectum, Rhizoctoniasolani and unknown fungi. Laboratory, greenhouse and field studies were conducted to study the effect of two natural extracts and antioxidants in comparison with two fungicides on the reduction of damping-off and root-rot diseases. In vitro studies showed that these treatments significantly reduced the linear growth of the tested fungi compared with control treatment.Greenhouse experiment revealed that all the tested treatments significantly reduced damping-off and root-rot compared to the untreated plants. The most effective treatment was obtained by the extracts of neem and Eucalyptus followed by the antioxidants salicylic and oxalic acid, which reduced both damping-off and root-rot diseases. Crop parameters, i.e. plant height, number of branches, number of pods, seed yield / plant, weight of 100 seed as well as the average weight of seed yield (kg)/plot, were recorded at harvest. Also, total N and crude protein in the seeds were greatly increased due to the tested treatments as well as the treatment with two fungicides: Vitavax-T and Monceren.

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are needed in various fields, especially in the biomedical field. CuO NPs was obtained from Aspergillus terreus filtrate. CuO NPs structure was confirmed by UV–Vis spectrophotometry, as well as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD offers the nanoparticles purity of CuO biosynthesis. CuO NPs are spherical when examined with TEM. The average size of CuO NPs from TEM was 15.75 ± 3.95 nm. New composite of P (AA-AN)-NPs CuO was synthesized by biotechnology and the induced γ-radiation. The distribution coefficient value (Kd) of 47Sc(III) as well as 47Ca(II) ions for the synthetic new composite was determined by batch technique. Radiochemical separation of 47Sc(III) from irradiated calcium target was studied using chromatographic column packed with the new composite material. The recovery yield of 78 ± 1.2% for 47Sc(III) was obtained using 1 M HCl. The quality control tests (chemical, radionuclide and radiochemical purities) of the eluted 47Sc confirmed that it's adequate for nuclear medicine applications.

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is used as an important human food in developing countries and as an animal feeds mainly for pigs horses, poultry and pigeons in industrialized countries. Feeding value of faba bean is high and this legume has beanconsiders a meat extender of substitute due to its high protein content (20-41 %) (Chavan et al., 1989). Root-rot and wilt diseases caused by several soil borne fungal pathogens are wide spread and serious in many crop cultivated in different soil types. Faba bean is subjected to attack by many pathogenic organisms wherever the crop grown. In This respect, root-rot disease is among the most important fungal diseases affecting faba bean production in Egypt. Omer (1986) tested several pathogens, and found that Rhizoctonia solani was the most pathogenic in causing root-rot disease. Metwely (2004) found that Rhizoctonia solani isolated from Kafr Elsheikh governorate was more virulent than that of Sharkia governorate. Several root-rot and International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 4 (2016) pp. 850-863 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com

Androstenedione, the main circulating ovarian hormone present after menopause, has been shown to positively correlate with poor spatial memory in an ovary-intact rodent model of follicular depletion, and to impair spatial memory when administered exogenously to surgically menopausal ovariectomized rats. Androstenedione can be converted directly to estrone via the aromatase enzyme, or to testosterone. The current study investigated the hormonal mechanism underlying androstenedione-induced cognitive impairments. Young adult ovariectomized rats were given either androstenedione, androstenedione plus the aromatase inhibitor anastrozole to block conversion to estrone, androstenedione plus the androgen receptor blocker flutamide to block androgen receptor activity, or vehicle treatment, and were then administered a battery of learning and memory maze tasks. Since we have previously shown that estrone administration to ovariectomized rats impaired cognition, we hypothesized that androstenedione’s conversion to estrone underlies, in part, its negative cognitive impact. Here, androstenedione administration impaired spatial reference and working memory. Further, androstenedione did not induce memory deficits when co-administered with the aromatase inhibitor, anastrozole, whereas pharmacological blockade of the androgen receptor failed to block the cognitive impairing effects of androstenedione. Anastrozole alone did not impact performance on any cognitive measure. The current data support the tenet that androstenedione impairs memory through its conversion to estrone, rather than via actions on the androgen receptor. Studying the effects of aromatase and estrogen metabolism is critical to elucidating how hormones impact women’s health across the lifespan, and results hold important implications for understanding and optimizing the hormone milieu from the many endogenous and exogenous hormone exposures across the lifetime.