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Due to awareness of the potential threats of spreading diseases, the demand for antimicrobial fabrics in the world market has grown significantly and, is, expected to increase the share of medical textiles in the future world market. The purpose of this study is to develop antibacterial socks with the application of silver particles and to study thermo- physiological properties as well as the evaluation of tactile sensory perceptions of treated socks against untreated socks. Socks, which are a necessary item of clothing, need to be comfortable and affordable. The materials used for this study are cotton and polyester fibre with three different cross-sectional shapes i.e., common Polyester (round shape), Coolmax (Channeled polyester) and Thermolite (Hollow polyester). Blend ratios with percentages of 80/20 Cotton/Polyester, 80/20 Cotton/Coolmax and 80/20 Cotton/Thermolite were used as main yarns in plain crew socks while elastane yarn is used in the same percentage in all developed socks. A comparison between the samples treated with silver particles and the corresponding control samples concerning the selected properties was done. The presence of particles on the treated fibre was confirmed through an SEM study. Testing of untreated and treated fabrics for antibacterial study and odour test was carried out and found significant. The thermo-physiological properties such as air permeability, relative water vapour permeability % and thermal resistance were also studied and found better results as compared to untreated samples. Later tactile sensorial comfort i.e., fabric hand value was compared which is improved for treated samples which makes the wearer comfortable hand feeling. These data present a great interest to socks manufacturers who can make better choices to manufacture, cost-effective anti-odour socks.

The influence of basalt fabric on the tensile mechanical properties and the impact resistance of green epoxy resin was investigated. Composites with parallel arrangement of insert yarns had better properties than in the case of their perpendicular arrangement. The properties were also influenced by the number of layers of the fabric. The tensile strength and impact resistance of the composites were better than the commercially available side mirror covers due to the superior properties of the basalt fiber.

The aim of this work is to carry out the comparative study to analyse the properties of Siro and single yarn with different linear densities. For this purpose Siro yarn and single yarn with the same linear densities were produced from cotton. Tensile strength and related properties such as evenness, imperfections and hairiness have very important role in weaving. In this comparative study Siro and single yarn with linear densities of 10 Nec, 14 Nec and 18 Nec were manufactured, tested and analysed. Two rovings were used for Siro and one roving was used for single yarn. Comparative study revealed that Siro yarn exhibit better tensile strength and related properties

The usage of polyester (PET) in fabrication is increasing day by day due to its properties, ease of physical and chemical modification. The aim of this work is to understand the effect of temperature on Polyester (PET) during knitting. For checking the rise of temperature Infrared (IR) camera is used. Microscopic images are used for studying the effect of temperature on fibre/yarn structure. Morphological analysis is also done by X-ray diffraction (XRD) which shows disturbance of polymeric chains, causing change in crystal size due to elevated temperature. The beads formation and filament breakage are clearly seen in images. Due to this knitting fault, shade variation after dyeing occurred. It is concluded that structural morphology of polyester yarn changes due to friction of yarn with knitting machine parts. Fabric appearance and fabric quality also disturbed which leads to rejections and high losses.

The aim of this work was to investigate the properties of upholstery fabric produced from recycled hard waste of coloured fabric clippings. Mélange yarns were formed with the combination of red, green, black and yellow in different ratios. Five yarn samples of 5 Nec linear density were produced from each blend ratio using the rotor spinning technique. These yarns were used to develop fabric samples in a satin weave. These yarn and fabric samples were investigated for different quality parameters, especially the abrasion resistance, pilling resistance, absorbency and light fastness of the fabrics as per standard test methods. The abrasion test is important for the durability and longer-lasting performance of upholstery fabric. From the analysis of test results, it is concluded that all the serviceability properties are in a good range, and these fabrics can be used for waiting room area upholstery fabric

The manuscript is a section of research completed for the overall impact performance of riot-police-helmet-shells having continuously textile reinforcement. In this research paper, manufacturing of double fabric layered helmet and its impact analysis has been discussed. Moreover, energy contained and blocking forces at various zones at the police-head protector shells were assessed. Results are also compared with the previous work for the impact evaluation of single piece riot-police-helmet-shell. The comparative results show significant difference in values in comparison with single layered riot-police-helmet-shell. These results can lead to the development of Riot-police-helmet-shells that can resist high velocity impact.

This study reports an investigation of the effect of different cellulose materials and yarn feeding patterns on thermo-physiological comfort, sensorial comfort, serviceability/pilling and ultraviolet properties. An interlock structure with a combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic material was developed in such a way that each material was prominent in consecutive wales or courses. The yarn feed pattern in interlock fabric overcomes the limitation of plaited single jersey fabrics. Cellulose – based hydrophilic natural and regenerated fibres were used i.e cotton, model and viscose rayon, as well as hydrophobic synthetic fibre i.e. polyester for manufacturing fabric samples. By comparing the results, it became clear that wale-wise alternate yarns provide better overall moisture management properties than course-wise. Similarly, for fabric handle and pilling properties, wale-wise alternate yarn provides better properties. Interlock fabrics with the TransDRY® Technology effect are liable for use in protective textiles, medical textiles and in other functional textiles/children’s clothing.

The usage of textile composites as lightweight gadgets is increasing day by day. The application range varies from personal protective tools to aerospace vehicle parts. However, every specific application demands specific functionality. Anisotropic nature of textile materials makes it possible to design composites in structural as well as non-structural shapes. In this research, single and multilayered textile composites were fabricated by using cotton woven fabric as a reinforcement and unsaturated polyester resin as a polymer. The fabrication was done at different degrees of curvature with different fabric orientations (i.e. the positioning of second and third layer fabric was turned from warp to weft) in multilayered composites to analyze their effect on the impact property of the resultant composite. Falling dart impact test was performed, to measure the impact properties of the samples. The curved specimens had shown higher strength as compared to the flat specimens. Furthermore, the increment in the degree of curvature causes the rise in fractural energy value. The number of layers has a direct effect on impact property as the number increases, the strength also increases. Finally, there was no significant effect of fabric orientation observed in double and triple layered composites.

Knitted fabrics are renowned for stretch properties which owe to their comfort properties such as formability, fitting to the human body and shape retention after wearing. Optimum stretch is basic requirement in knitted socks to support blood flow in legs and feet. This stretch is achieved with fabric structure type and material used in it. Different factors affect the stretch and recovery of sock, but most contributing factors are elastane percentage, main yarn material and finishing process type. Four different percentages of elastane in plaiting (4%, 6%, 8% and 10%), two main yarns materials (Cotton and Polyester/Cotton PC), and two finishing process types(Wash and bleach) were taken as level of input variables to study their effect on stretch and recovery. Stretch and recovery tests were performed on knitted sock tube. After testing, Minitab software was used for analysis of variance of obtained results using full factorial design. Significance of all factors and levels was analyzed. It was found that with the increase in elastane percentage stretch was decreased and recovery was increased. Cotton was found to have less stretch and more recovery percentage as compared to PC. Additionally it was observed that washing treatment produced significantly higher stretch and lesser recovery than bleaching. Similar trend was also observed in interaction plot indicating that all variables were dependent on each other.

The study was aimed to develop a knitted denim fabric and investigate its properties. The said fabric has similar visualappearance to the woven denim fabric, offering additional stretch properties. The twill effect was produced on circularknitting machine using cross terry structures. Woven denim fabric was also produced to compare its properties withknitted denim. The Physical and comfort properties of these fabrics like air permeability, thermal resistance and moisturemanagement, were investigated. Experimental investigation of serviceability i.e Pilling was also carried out. The purposeof study is to compare both woven and knitted denim fabric properties.

The textile dyes and fixing agents that used in dyeing process are major contributor to environmental pollution. In the present study, three different organic mordants (Sodium Citrate, Ammonium Acetate, and Potassium Acetate) are used in exhaust dyeing as mordants. Effect of mordant concentrations is studied on fastness properties (color change, rubbing fastness & light fastness) of cotton dyed with reactive dyes using these organic mordants. Comparison of these mordants with conventional fixing agent (NaCl) is also studied in order to evaluate the difference between fastness properties of conventional and organic salts used in this study. We found that the color fastness properties of conventional and organic salts are comparable, better in case of sodium citrate. Similarly color depth on fabric after dyeing with organic as well as inorganic salts is measured using data color. Results confirm that higher values of K/S are obtained for organic salts by using lower organic salt concentration compared to conventional salt. Reduction in total dissolved solids (TDS) of dye effluents is obtained from 6% to 29% for three organic salts as compared to conventional salt.

Needleless electrospinning is expected to produce nanofibers with a large productivity. In this study, a sprocket wheel disk was used as spinneret to electrospin nanofibers. The sprocket disk shows reliable electrospinning process. In comparison with the conventional disk spinneret, which has no sprocket on the edge, the sprocket wheel produced more uniform nanofibers with smaller fiber diameter. The electric field analysis results indicated that the sprocket wheel generates higher intensity of electric field.

Environmental science and management is often the most discussed subject nowadays all over the world. In a number of countries, presently plenty of harms are associated with the effluent by industrial due to growing industrialization; this issue should be considered at large scale. Textile sector is one of the leading areas, which uses a high amount of chemicals and creating environmental pollution. Textile wet processing sector uses a lot of chemicals, surfactants and synthetic dyes, hence produce a large amount of wastewater having a high concentration of chemicals. This research is an effort to investigate the amount of residue remained in liquor after bleaching and reuses this liquor by adding a few chemicals according to the requirement. Afterward, the comparison was made between the bleached sample with fresh liquor and bleached sample with reused liquor. It was observed that bleaching with reused liquor shows good results though these results are insignificantly less than fresh bleaching liquor. On the other hand, fortunately, the color yield of dyed fabric bleached with reused liquor is higher than fresh liquor.