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يتناول هذا البحث أنموذجا لحرف من حروف المعاني وهو(من) في ضوء ظاهرة الجواز النحوي، ويقوم على استخراج الأوجه المحتملة للحرف في السياق القرآني ، وبيان ما يحمله كل معنى من تلك المعاني، وقد استقرأ الباحث الحرف في السور الكريمة وعرض دراستها على شكل مسائل فاقتضت طبيعة البحث أن تشتمل على ست عشرة مسألة مسبوقة بتمهيد نعرّف فيه الجواز ونشأته وأهميته، ثم أنهينا البحث بخاتمة استخلصت أبرز النتائج.

خلاصة ما في بحثنا الموسوم (ملامح البنية العميقة والبنية السطحية في كتاب معاني النحو للدكتور فاضل السامرائي) هو الكشف عن معرفة السامرائي الذهنية وطريقة استعماله الفعلي لها عن طريق انتاج وتمثيل الجمل والتراكيب على سطح الورق، وبما أن البنية العميقة تعنى بالتصور الذهني المتمثل بالمعنى الذي يبين الأصل الوضعي للجمل وأن البنية السطحية تعنى بالتراكيب الموجود على السطح فإن هذا وجدناه ماثلا عند السامرائي لاسيما وقد اقتصرنا على أهم ظاهرتين تمثلان هذا الملمح وهما التقدير والاضمار، وعلى ذلك توزعت خطة البحث على مدخل ومطلبين المطلب الأول تناول ظاهرة التقدير في حين تناول المطلب الثاني ظاهرة الاضمار ثم خاتمة وقائمة للمصادر والمراجع.

Background/Aim: Root canal treatment (RCT) is one of the most common endodontic procedures for which patients visit the dentist. Patient's knowledge, awareness, and attitude regarding root canal treatment are an interesting problem in everyday dentistry. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, and attitude of patients coming for endodontic treatment. Methods: Questionnaire surveys were carried out in a group of 209 patients, including queries characterizing their knowledge, awareness, and attitude towards the RCT - their experiences, expectations, potential problems, and management expenses. Results: Exploring the knowledge of individuals’ concerning RCT, it was noticed that 51% of the surveyed patients in the past had experienced endodontics treatment. 52% of participants reported that they know the charges of the RCT, 50% of them said that the price was sufficient to the difficulty of the process. The study confirmed that a large number of people still prefer specialists to perform the RCT (47%). Conclusion: An enhancement of knowledge and awareness of people about the RCT has been observed, as well as a need of providing more information to patients about endodontics and benefits of saving teeth.

Background/aim. Patients’ expectations with regards to their complete dentures are usually high. It is quite challenging to meet a patient’s criteria of denture satisfaction. With older age, patients expect even higher satisfaction levels, making it very difficult to convince them to adapt to their artificial dentures. It is still debatable to comprehend the patient’s dissatisfaction levels despite complete diagnosis and treatment planning before the provision of complete dentures. Moreover, it also becomes a challenging task when the patient’s expectation exceeds the patient’s satisfaction regardless of denture quality. The aim of this study was to determine the difference in the denture satisfaction levels between the dentist and complete denture wearers. Materials and method: There were 134 completely edentulous participants, aged between 48 and 65 years. Data were recorded through a validated questionnaire having a Cronbach α validity of 85%. Sociodemographic data, patient’s priority, dentist satisfaction, and patient satisfaction with the dentures were recorded and rated on a Likert scale (1 to 5). Spearman’s correlation was applied to measure similarity between the dentist and patient satisfaction score. Results: The correlation between occlusion and the patient’s comfort was moderately strong (p

Non-Functional Requirements (NFRs) focus on the operational constraints of the software system. Early detection of NFRs enables their incorporation into the architectural design at an initial stage, a practice obviously preferable to expensive refactoring at a later stage. Automated identification and classification of NFRs has therefore seen numerous efforts using rule-based, machine learning and deep learning-based approaches. One of the major challenges for such an automation is the manual effort that needs to be invested into labeling of training data. This is a concern for large software vendors who typically work on a variety of applications in diverse domains. We address this challenge by designing a pipeline that facilitates classification of NFRs using only a limited amount (~ 20% of an available new dataset) of labeled data for training. We (1) employed Snorkel to automatically label a dataset comprising NFRs from various Software Requirement Specification documents, (2) trained several classifiers using it, and (3) reused these pre-trained classifiers using a Transfer Learning approach to classify NFRs in industry-specific datasets. From among the various language model classifiers, the best results have been obtained for a BERT based classifier fine-tuned to learn the linguistic intricacies of three different domain-specific datasets from real-life projects.

Background Orbital inflammatory disease (OID) encompasses a group of disorders which affect the orbit and neighbouring areas. Several multi-system inflammatory diseases including small vessel vascuilitides, Sarcoidosis and IgG4 disease can manifest as an OID. Treatment generally includes steroid therapy in combination with conventional immunosuppressant’s, cyclophosphamide or rituximab. Herewith we describe a series of non-vasculitic, fibroinflammatory OID. Methods We retrospectively reviewed records of 5 patients referred to rheumatology with inflammatory OID after malignancy, infection and Graves’ ophthalmopathy were excluded. General demographics, histology, MRI and treatment responses were reviewed. Results Patients were generally female (4:1) and of a young age (range 33-54). Proptosis and diplopia were the key symptoms with occasional sino-nasal symptoms. Inflammatory markers on presentation were marginally raised (CRP mean 11, ESR mean 37). All patients were negative for autoantibodies and had normal serum IgG4 levels. MRI showed fibrotic mass lesions in all cases with bone erosion/ destruction in 2 cases. Biopsy showed fibrosclerosis mixed with chronic inflammatory cells. 3 cases stained positive for IgG4 cells but only one of them achieved diagnostic levels (case 3). All patients were initially treated with high dose steroids (prednisolone 1mg/kg or IV methylprednisolone (MP)) with either methotrexate or cyclophosphamide (1g EUVAS protocol). Highly resistant cases were treated with rituximab (total 2g). There was a good clinical response to treatment in all cases but in 4 patients residual fibrosis persisted on follow-up MRI (Table 1). Conclusion We describe a series of fibrosclerosing OID with histology like IgG4 disease, but with normal serum IgG4 levels and negative tissue immunofluorescence (IF) in some cases. Most cases will respond well to steroids and second-line therapy, but residual fibrosis may persist with mild clinical sequelae. Early recognition and intensive therapy may minimise fibrotic complications. Disclosures V. Thanopoulou None. A. Weller None. E. Nigar None. J. Marais None. V. Lee None. B. Marjanovic None. A. Ahmed None. I. Balasundaram None. S. Hamdulay None.

Introduction: Indian crows have been commented to present significant physical community harm with respect to property damage and agricultural products. However the public health significant of these birds in the developing countries has been underrated. Their scavenging nature might result into spread of pathogens in the public as well as the antimicrobial traits among bacteria. In order to gain the insight into the role of Indian crows as carriers and reservoir of multi-resistant E. coli; broad spectrum antimicrobial agents were tested using a wild E. coli isolated from the birds themselves. Methods: The Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated and identified from intestinal contents of 30 Indian crows in Morogoro. An 100μl Intestinal contents were spread on MacConkey for E. coli isolation. A total of eight (8) antimicrobial agents: STX (25 μg), AMP (10 μg), AMC (30 μg), CN (10 μg), CIP (5 μg), TE (30 μg), S (10 μg) and CTX (30 μg) were used. E. coli ATCC 25922 and included as control strains. Results: The resistance TE and SXT were the most prevalent (90%), followed by AMP (76.7%) and S (73.3%), CIP (53.3%), and CTX (36.7%). The susceptibility of these isolates was high in CN 96.7%. It also shown among 30 of the E. coli isolates; twenty-eight of them presented multiple antibiotic resistances. Conclusion: The results have shown that Indian crow can serve as a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant E. coli, and potentially transmit such E. coli over long distances. This is a hidden public health threat as these crows move from one place to another and is found in residential areas contaminating water and food with resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance strains.