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This study investigates the impact of electroosmosis on the peristaltic flow of unsteady micropolar nanofluid with heat transfer. The findings could enhance the design of peristaltic pumps, potentially improving drug delivery systems, simulations of blood flow in medical devices, and cancer treatments. The fluid under investigation adheres to a micropolar model and flows through a microchannel that exhibits peristalsis along its walls. Moreover, the system is subjected to various external effects, including a uniform magnetic field, the electroosmotic phenomenon, heat absorption, and a chemical reaction with activation energy. Consequently, the problem is mathematically modulated by a system of nonlinear partial differential equations governing the velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration. By employing wave transformation, these governing equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The reduced equations were solved both analytically, using the homotopy perturbation method, and numerically, using the Runge–Kutta–Merson method. A comparison was made between the solutions, which were found to be closely aligned. Furthermore, a series of figures were employed to provide visual representation and discussion of the implications of the physical properties. The calculations reveal that the electroosmotic flow (EOF) enhances the axial flow of the micropolar fluid along the direction of the applied electric field. It is also observed that the increase in the activation energy (which indicates a low reaction rate) increases the concentration profile whereas the increase in the reaction rate parameter reduces the concentration profile. Additionally, the spin velocity of the particles is diminished by either an increase in the magnetic parameter or the coupling parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary aim of this study was to examine the peristaltic flow of an unsteady non-Newtonian TiO2 nanofluid through a uniformly symmetric channel under the influence of electro-osmosis. The fluid behavior was modeled by the Sutterby model. Furthermore, the flow took place through a porous medium, following a modified form of Darcy's law. Additionally, the impacts of Dufour and Soret effects, chemical reaction, activation energy, viscous dissipation, heat generation, and thermal radiation were considered. A wave transformation was used to simplify the governing equations describing the velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration. These simplified equations were then solved analytically using the homotopy perturbation method. Additionally, set figures were employed to illustrate and discuss the impact of the physical parameters involved in the problem on the obtained solutions. It is found that the presence of a modified Darcy's medium in the Navier–Stokes equation results in a porous term that is dependent on the index of the Sutterby model. Furthermore, it is found that as the thermophoresis parameter increases, the nanoparticles are more concentrated, and their flow from the hot region to the cold region is more effective. Additionally, it is observed that in the presence of thermal radiation, the activation energy and the Brownian motion parameter have similar effects on the concentration profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-Newtonian nanofluids are widely utilized in medical and engineering fields, such as in cooling of microchips, lubrications, cancer therapy, drug delivery etc. In the present article, we focused on the electro-osmotic effect on the peristaltic transport of a non-Newtonian nanofluid inside a horizontal micro-channel. The fluid obeys Williamson model, flowing through a porous medium with modified Darcy's law. In addition, the effects of a chemical reaction with the contribution of activation energy are taken in consideration. Furthermore, in the case of modified Darcy's law, the apparent viscosity of the fluid is used in the governing equations. Furthermore, when temperature of the hot wall tube is less than three times that of the cold wall, the term of the activation energy is simplified by using Taylor expansion.The governing equations that illustrate the velocity, temperature, and concentration of nanoparticles distributions are considered and simplified under the assumptions of a long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The homotopy perturbation method is used as semi-analytical solution for the governing equations. Moreover, some figures are used to illustrate and discuss the role of physical parameters entering the problem on the obtained solutions. Since, most of non-Newtonian fluids are viscoelastic materials, it is important to discuss the effect of Weissenberg number that represents product of strain rate and relaxation time. It is found that Weissenberg number has dual effects on the axial velocity as well as the temperature and the concentration distributions. In addition, according to Fick's law of diffusion; the temperature and concentration distributions should have opposite effects, however, it is found that the increases in the thermophoresis parameter increases both temperature and concentration distributions. This means the nanoparticles are more concentrated when migrates from one side of the tube to the other side. Furthermore, the graphs illustrate the dissimilar effect of the activation energy and the rate of the chemical reaction on the concentration of nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]