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Abstract Background This study aimed to evaluate the results of posterior component separation (CS) and transversus abdominis muscle release (TAR) with retro-muscular mesh reinforcement in patients with primary abdominal wall dehiscence (AWD). The secondary aims were to detect the incidence of postoperative surgical site occurrence and risk factors of incisional hernia (IH) development following AWD repair with posterior CS with TAR reinforced by retromuscular mesh. Methods Between June 2014 and April 2018, 202 patients with grade IA primary AWD (Björck's first classification) following midline laparotomies were treated using posterior CS with TAR release reinforced by a retro-muscular mesh in a prospective multicenter cohort study. Results The mean age was 42 ± 10 years, with female predominance (59.9%). The mean time from index surgery (midline laparotomy) to primary AWD was 7 ± 3 days. The mean vertical length of primary AWD was 16 ± 2 cm. The median time from primary AWD occurrence to posterior CS + TAR surgery was 3 ± 1 days. The mean operative time of posterior CS + TAR was 95 ± 12 min. No recurrent AWD occurred. Surgical site infections (SSI), seroma, hematoma, IH, and infected mesh occurred in 7.9%, 12.4%, 2%, 8.9%, and 3%, respectively. Mortality was reported in 2.5%. Old age, male gender, smoking, albumin level

In this work, we present advanced investigations and treatments for the problem of a restricted vibrating motion of a connected gyrostat with a spring. It is supposed that the gyrostat spins slowly about the minor or major principal axis of the inertia ellipsoid. The gyrostat is acted upon by a gyrostatic couple vector besides the action of Newtonian and electromagnetic fields. The approach of the large parameter is applied to obtain the periodic solutions for the governing system of equations of motion of the gyrostat. A geometric illustration using the angles of Euler is given for such motion to evaluate and analyze the gyrostatic motion at any instant. The analysis of the obtained solutions is considered in terms of numerical data throughout computer programs. Characterized parametric data are assumed through one of the numerical methods for obtaining numerical solutions that prove the validity of the analytical obtained periodic solutions. The obtained solutions, besides the phase diagrams, have been drawn to describe these solutions’ periodicity and stability procedures. The novelty of this work comes from the imposition of a new initial condition that does not restrict movement around the dynamic symmetry axis. This assumption allows the use of a new technique for the solution called the large parameter. This technique gives solutions in a completely new domain that are different from the ones studied in previous works.

One of the complex combinatorial optimization problems is the Patient admission scheduling problem (PASP), which is concerned with assigning the patients arriving into a hospital to available beds to get medical services. The objective of PASP is to maximize the patients comfort, medical treatment effectiveness, and hospital utilization. This research proposes a new approach based on Biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO) algorithm for tacking the PASP. BBO was inspired from the idea of species migration between different habitats. Due to the complexity of the search space in PASP, the original BBO has been equipped with a guided bed selection (GBS) mechanism in order to improve its results and performance, as well as the operator capabilities of BBO which are modified to improve its diversity. These three variants of BBO are compared with each other using six de facto data sets that are widely used in the literature with varying sizes and complexity. The modified BBO is able to yield better results than the other variants. In a nutshell, this paper provides a new PASP method that can be considered an efficient alternative for the scheduling domain to be used by other researchers.

Classification is a crucial step in data mining as it facilitates decision-making in many areas of human activity, such as scientific endeavors, marketing campaigns, biomedical research and industrial applications. The probabilistic neural network (PNN) is widely utilized to solve classification and pattern recognition problems and is considered an effective method for solving such problems. In this paper, we propose an improved PNN model that employs the water evaporation algorithm (WEA) in order to solve classification problems more efficiently. The proposed method is able to obtain classification accuracies that are close to each other across all 11 benchmark tested datasets from the UCI machine-learning repository, which demonstrates the validity of this method (with respect to classification accuracy). The results show that the WEA is better than the firefly algorithm (FA) and biogeography-based optimization (BBO) in terms of both classification accuracy and convergence speed.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Visfatin is an adipocytokine with insulin-like action and it’s closely related to the amount of visceral fats. The objective of our study was to evaluate serum visfatin levels among women with PCOS. Also, to evaluate the association between serum visfatin and cardio-metabolic risk factors as well as clinic-morphological features of PCOS. Methods: Case control study enrolled 120 women diagnosed with PCOS and 80 healthy control women. PCOS cases were stratified according to their fasting plasma glucose (FPG) into three subgroups: those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Serum visfatin levels (ng/ml) were assessed by ELISA. Results: Our results revealed higher values of cardio-metabolic risks; total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fasting serum insulin (FSI), HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and FPG in PCOS compared to healthy women. In addition, compared with healthy women (28.66 ± 10.63), PCOS patients (87.98 ± 17.96) had significantly higher levels of serum visfatin. Among PCOS group, T2DM patients (119.59 ± 14.52) had significantly higher levels of serum visfatin compared to IGT (81.03 ± 15.81) and NGT (85.09 ± 11.01). Receiver operating characteristic analyses revealed that serum visfatin was a useful biomarker discriminating PCOS from control, the AUC was 0.989 with sensitivity = 99.2%, specificity = 99.8%, Additionally, the sensitivities and the specificities of visfatin in differentiating T2DM from NGT were (93.3% and 98.2%). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that androstenedione, LH, free androgen index and ovarian volume were the main predictors of visfatin levels among PCOS. Conclusion: Serum visfatin levels could discriminate PCOS from healthy control and T2DM from NGT PCOS women. Moreover, vesfatin was positive correlated to cardio-metabolic risk factors. Interestingly, the sensitivity and specificity power of vesfatin were high. Thus, it could be early predicting of cardio-metabolic risks among PCOS women and might be useful in therapeutic intervention in future. Keywords: Cardiometabolic, PCOS, Visfatin, T2DM

Background: Menopause associated with hormone-sensitive co-morbidity such as breast cancer, endometrial cancer, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disease. Autoimmunity is one of the leading causes of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). Thyroiditis is the most common associated autoimmune disease. The aim of our study was to estimate the role of Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as predictor of POI among women with autoimmune thyroiditis and to assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in different menopausal stages. Method of study: A cross-sectional study included 200 unrelated women with autoimmune thyroiditis classified according to menopausal stages, anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and AMH were measured. Results: In postmenopausal women (natural and premature) AMH levels were significantly lower. Linear regression analysis test explored that AMH levels were independently correlated with age, anti TG and ovarian volume. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCHT) was the highest among thyroid disorders. Conclusion: AMH levels were decreased in both natural and premature postmenopausal women and could be used as predictor of menopause among women with autoimmune thyroiditis. Keywords: Anti-thyroglobulin, Anti-thyroid peroxidase, Postmenopausal

Background: Chronic low-grade inflammation is a common feature of obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). There is dysregulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in women with PCOS, soluble endoglin (sEng) is a non-signaling coreceptor of the TGF-β modulating its responses. We aimed for the first time to investigate the impact of obesity on sEng and TGF-β1 in women with PCOS. Methods: Case control study enrolled seventy patients diagnosed with PCOS and50 control group. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and sEng levels were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Our results revealed that, PCOS patients had higher values of TGF-β1 and lower levels of sEng. Among both control and PCOS patients, obese subjects had higher values of TGF-β1 and lower levels of sEng. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis revealed that, the power of sEng was more sensitive and specific than TGF-β1 in diagnosis of PCOS and in differentiating obese from lean group. Nonetheless, the diagnostic power of both TGF-β1 and sEng was highly significant. Conclusion: Obese subjects of control and PCOS groups had higher values of TGF-β1 and lower values of plasma sEng level than lean subjects, the diagnostic power of both TGF-β1 and sEng was highly significant thus, sEng and TGF-β1 could be a useful diagnostic biomarker of PCOS. Keywords: Obesity, PCOS, TGF-β1, Soluble endoglin

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a set of reproductive and metabolic symptoms associated with an imbalance of reproductive hormones in women. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an inflammatory adipocytokine associated with metabolic disorders. Probiotics probably has influence on metabolic and inflammatory conditions. We aimed by this study, for the first time, to evaluate the impact of probiotic supplementation on MIF values, clinical and laboratory feature of PCOS. Furthermore, we aimed to explore the power of MIF for diagnosis PCOS. Methods: Sixty women diagnosed with PCOS were selected in this single-blinded clinical trial and 40 healthy control women. Participants received probiotic supplements for 12-week. Clinical and laboratory measures were evaluated at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and MIF levels were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Probiotic supplementation improved clinical, hormonal, and inflammatory biomarkers in women with PCOS. Additionally in PCOS group, logistic regression analysis revealed that MIF and HOMA-IR were independent predictors of probiotic response with odds ratios of 1.641 and 0.335, respectively. Regarding inflammatory biomarkers, hs-CRP and MIF, its value increased in PCOS group compared to healthy group. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis revealed that, area under the curve (AUC) for the MIF was 0.981 (95% CI = 0.902–0.898) with sensitivity = 90.2%, specificity = 89.8% and the cutoff values (19.7). Interestingly, the power of MIF was more sensitive and specific than hs-CRP for diagnosis of PCOS. Thus MIF could be a useful diagnostic inflammatory biomarker discriminating PCOS from healthy controls. Moreover in PCOS group stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, detected that HOMA-IR, neutrophil count, hs-CRP and fat mass index (FMI) were main predictors of MIF levels among other clinical and laboratory biomarkers. Conclusion: Regarding the effects of probiotic supplementation on inflammatory and metabolic disorders; our novel findings explored a favorable effect of probiotic supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers; clinical, laboratory features of PCOS, and MIF levels. Furthermore, probiotic could be used for treatment of PCOS and its associated morbidity.

Copyright of Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)