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This study examines the effect of teaching a school rhetoric unit employing Osborn's (1963) model. The study sample consisted of 70 Jordanian eleventh-grade students, with 35 in the experimental group and 35 in the control group. Two instruments were used to collect data: a scale designed according to Osborn's model and an achievement test. The school unit of rhetorical concept development was applied to six classes over six weeks in the experimental group, while the control group was taught using the standard method. The findings showed statistically significant differences in favour of the experimental group, with means of 76.66 and 66.15, respectively. The t-test value was 13.02, statistically significant at a significance level 0.01. The impact percentage was calculated at 92%, indicating a statistically significant result according to the Karl formula. Therefore, this percentage is a positive indicator of the effectiveness of using the Osborn model for the conceptual development of the experimental group of students. Based on the findings, the study recommends using this model for teaching rhetoric and literary criticism in other school classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

يعد القطاع الصناعي من أبرز القطاعات الاقتصادية التي تسهم في بناء أي اقتصاد، ويتناول بحثنا الدور الذي يؤديه القطاع الصناعي في بناء الاقتصاد العراقي ونمو ناتجه المحلي، وتسليط الضوء على ملامح الخلل في البنية المكونة لنمو القطاعات الإنتاجية الصناعية، وتوجيه الصناعة في عملية تغيير البنية الإنتاجية عبر الدعم والتحفيز الحكومي. واستخدم الباحث في تحليله الاسلوب الاستقرائي الاستنباطي وتم استخدام المنهج الوصفي في عرض المفاهيم الخاصة بالناتج المحلي الاجمالي ودور القطاع الصناعي في نمو الناتج المحلي. أما أهم الاستنتاجات التي توصل إليها البحث تتمثل بانخفاض مساهمة القطاع الصناعي في الناتج المحلي الاجمالي وتوصل البحث إلى إعادة بناء القطاعات واعطاء دور أكبر للقطاع الخاص والقضاء على الفساد واستثمار واردات النفط في إعادة المنشئات المعطلة.

Trichoderma is environmentally vital due to their plant growth-promoting effects (such as enhancement of nutrients supply, suppression of plant pathogens, and promotion of plant defense). Biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are diverse chemical substances emitted by Trichoderma spp. The potential role of VOCs in biological control and plant growth promotion has recently been recognized. Here, the Trichoderma-VOCs' performance for plant growth promotion and suppression of plant pathogens are evaluated. We further investigated VOC emission profiles of T. harzianum using GC–MS. The Trichoderma-VOCs exhibited significant (p < 0.05) antifungal properties against all tested pathogenic fungi. T. atroviride-VOCs showed a decisive inhibition of Alternaria panax, Botrytis cinerea, Cylindrocarpon destructans, and Sclerotinia nivalis. The germinating seeds demonstrated growth enhancement in the presence of Trichoderma-VOCs emitted by different strains. Low levels of cyclopentasiloxane, decamethyl, cyclotetrasiloxane, and octamethyl were found in T. harzianum KNU1 strain whereas cyclopentasiloxane, decamethyl, cyclotetrasiloxane, and octamethyl showed higher emission levels as Si-containing compounds. The results reveal the potentiality of VOCs as a biocontrol resource against deleterious rhizosphere microorganisms and underline the importance of Trichoderma-VOCs emissions in regulating plant growth and development.

Abstract Background Overwhelmingly, women in Middle Eastern countries experience birth as dehumanising and disrespectful. Women’s stories can be a very powerful way of informing health services about the impact of the care they receive and can promote practice change. The aim of this study is to examine Jordanian women’s experiences and constructions of labour and birth in different settings (home, public and private hospitals in Jordan, and Australian public hospitals), over time and across generations. Method A qualitative interpretive design was used. Data were collected by face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 27 Jordanian women. Of these women, 20 were living in Jordan (12 had given birth in the last five years and eight had birthed over 15 years ago) while seven were living in Australia (with birthing experience in both Jordan and Australia). Interview data were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results Women’s birth experiences differed across settings and generations and were represented in the four themes: ‘Birth at home: a place of comfort and control’; ‘Public Hospital: you should not have to suffer’; ‘Private Hospital: buying control’ and ‘Australian maternity care: a mixed experience’. In each theme, the concepts: Pain, Privacy, the Personal and to a lesser extent, Purity (cleanliness), were present but experienced in different ways depending on the setting (home, public or private hospital) and the country. Conclusions The findings demonstrate how meanings attributed to labour and birth, particularly the experience of pain, are produced in different settings, providing insights into the institutional management and social context of birth in Jordan and other Middle Eastern countries. In the public hospital environment in Jordan, women had no support and were treated disrespectfully. This was in stark contrast to women birthing at home only one generation before. Change is urgently needed to offer humanised birth in the Jordanian maternity system,

The article aimed to evaluate early intervention programs offered to children with autism spectrum disorder from the point of view of parents in special education centers in Jordan. The study also aimed to identify if there are statistically significant differences in the evaluation of early intervention programs for children with autism spectrum disorder due to the type of center (governmental or private), and the study sample included (83) parents who benefited from early intervention services provided for their children with autism spectrum disorder. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher prepared a scale to evaluate the level of early intervention programs for children with autism spectrum disorder from the point of view of parents, in light of international standards and the standards of the Supreme Council for the Affairs of Persons with Disabilities. The results indicated that the level of services of early intervention programs for children with autism spectrum disorder was of a high in all dimensions of the scale from the point of view of parents and the differences were in favor of the private centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the outcomes of the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for nonfunctional pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) in elderly patients. The study involved a retrospective review of NFPAs in patients aged 65 and older who underwent EEA between 2007 and 2022 at a single medical center. The results showed that EEA was a safe and effective option for NFPA resection in elderly patients, with high rates of visual recovery postoperatively and acceptable rates of gross total resection (GTR). The study also identified risk factors for progression and subtotal resection, but found no associations between postoperative complications and age or frailty scores. [Extracted from the article]

This article, published in the Journal of Neurological Surgery, introduces a novel outcome metric called the 30-day hospitalization ratio (HR) for patients with pituitary adenomas. The metric combines the length of stay and readmission rates within a 30-day period to provide a comprehensive measure of the economic burden of treatment. The study analyzed the clinical records of 468 patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery for pituitary adenoma. Factors associated with a high HR included high preoperative ASA scores, postoperative lumbar drain placement, intradural extension, and employment status. Understanding these risk factors can lead to personalized monitoring and care, ultimately reducing burden and improving outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

This article explores the use of radiomic feature analysis to predict overall survival and progression-free survival after surgery in patients with skull base chordomas. The study extracted radiomic features from preoperative MRI scans and used unsupervised analysis to identify distinct groups based on these features. The results showed that the radiomic features were able to model overall survival and progression-free survival, and were also associated with genetic markers commonly used in clinical decision-making. The authors suggest that radiomics-based imaging biomarkers could be a noninvasive and cost-effective way to personalize care for patients with skull base chordomas. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the establishment of a national pituitary surgical research platform called RAPID, which aims to improve patient care and surgical outcomes for pituitary disorders. The initial focus of the collaboration is on Cushing's disease. The study provides an overview of the patient cohort, surgical outcomes, and lays the foundation for future research. The data collected from nine academic pituitary centers shows that 528 patients with Cushing's disease were treated by 26 neurosurgeons from 2003 to 2023. The report highlights insights into surgical outcomes and disease recurrence rates across different surgeons and environments. The collaboration is expected to advance the standard of care for patients with pituitary disorders. [Extracted from the article]

This article, published in the Journal of Neurological Surgery, examines the outcomes of patients with Crooke cell adenomas (CCA) compared to those with corticotroph adenomas (sCTA), both of which are types of pituitary corticotroph adenomas found in patients with Cushing's disease. The study, which included 2,826 patients from 12 international centers, found that CCA patients had poorer endocrinologic outcomes compared to sCTA patients, despite having better local control rates and fewer residual tumors. The authors suggest that further research is needed to better understand CCA and develop more targeted treatment approaches. [Extracted from the article]

This article, published in the Journal of Neurological Surgery, explores the factors that contribute to the recurrence of Cushing's disease (CD) after transsphenoidal surgery. The study analyzed data from the Registry of Adenomas of the Pituitary and Related Disorders (RAPID) database, which included 383 CD patients. The results showed that patients who experienced recurrence had a longer postoperative hospital stay, larger tumor volumes, and a higher rate of failed prior treatment. Younger age and the absence of cavernous sinus invasion were identified as potential protective factors against recurrence. The findings suggest that early detection and treatment of tumors may improve outcomes for CD patients. [Extracted from the article]