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Introduction: The presence of violence in the workplace is a threatening factor for nurses’ psychological health. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the moderating role of perceived social support in the relationship between workplace violence (physical, Verbal, and sexual harassment) with Post Traumatic Stress Disorders symptoms among nurses in Karbala City, Iraq. Materials and Methods: The research method was a descriptive correlation and was used in hierarchical regression analysis. The statistical population of the research included all the hospital nurses of the city of Karbala in Iraq in the summer of 2023. Three hundred and forty-nine nurses were selected by convenience sampling method. The data were collected using the violence in workplace questionnaire, Post Traumatic Stress Disorders symptoms checklist, and perceived social support questionnaire. To analyze data, Pearson's correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis statistical tests were used by SPSS software, 26 versions. Results: The results revealed that perceived social support moderates the relationship between violence in the workplace (physical, verbal, and sexual harassment) and post-traumatic stress symptoms (p

An innovative way to combat water scarcity brought on by population increase and climate change is rainwater harvesting (RWH), particularly in arid and semiarid areas. Currently, Pakistan is facing major water issues due to underprivileged water resource management, climate change, land use changes, and the sustainability of local water resources. This research aims to find out the suitable sites and options for RWH structures in the Quetta district of Pakistan by integrating the depression depth technique, Boolean analysis, and weighted linear combination (WLC) with hydrological modeling (HM), multicriteria analysis (MCA), a geographic information system (GIS), and remote sensing (RS). To find suitable sites for RWH, a collection of twelve (12) thematic layers were used, including the slope (SL), land use land cover (LULC), subarea (SA), runoff depth (RD), drainage density (DD), lineament density (LD), infiltration number (IFN), distance from built-up area (DB), distance from roads (DR), distance from lakes (DL), maximum flow distance (MFD), and topographic wetness index (TWI). The Boolean analysis and WLC approach were integrated in the GIS environment. The consistency ratio (CR) was calculated to make sure the assigned weights to thematic layers were consistent. Overall, results show that 6.36% (167.418 km2), 14.34% (377.284 km2), 16.36% (430.444 km2), 18.92% (497.663 km2), and 18.64% (490.224 km2) of the area are in the categories of very high, high, moderate, low, and very low suitability, respectively, for RWH. RWH potential is restricted to 25.35% (666.86 km2) of the area. This research also identifies the five (5) best locations for checking dams and the ten (10) best locations for percolation tanks on the streams. The conducted suitability analysis will assist stakeholders in selecting the optimal locations for RWH structures, facilitating the storage of water, and addressing the severe water scarcity prevalent in the area. This study proposes a novel approach to handle the problems of water shortage in conjunction with environmental and socioeconomic pressures in order to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Petroleum Research & Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the provision of massive open online courses (MOOCs), cloud computing services enable students to synchronize their study materials anywhere, anytime, and using any device, which can improve learning performance and strengthen the teacher-student relationship via knowledge sharing. This study builds on the technological-organizational-environmental (TOE) framework and aims to identify the influencing factors of cloud computing adoption in educational settings for the provision of MOOCs. Another aim is to determine how intrinsic motivation moderates individual intention. Therefore, our study conceptualized a model that is supported by an empirical analysis of 232 respondents and takes into account the technological, organizational, and environmental impacts on individual attitudes toward adopting cloud computing in education. We evaluate the study hypotheses using structural equation modeling. The results demonstrate significant relationships between the technological and organizational constructs and attitudes toward the use of cloud computing. Meanwhile, competitive pressure from the environment has not been identified in any relationship with individual attitudes in government universities. The results provide new directions for policymakers to consider in the implementation of CC systems for the provision of MOOCs in developing countries. We also discuss potential implications, contributions, and suggestions for future research.

The outbreak of the Corona pandemic at the end of 2019 has led to an increase in workload among first-line staff at Corona patient care centers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the symptoms of PTSD in corona first line staff and other staff of Iranian hospitals. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 in COVID-19 hospitals and general hospitals. The sample consisted of 90 general hospital staff and 92 COVID-19 hospitals who were selected by convenience sampling. The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) was also research tool. One-way analysis of variance through SPSS 19 software was used to analyze the data. The result shows that COVID-19 front-line staff had higher levels of PTSD than other staff (p

Environmental threats from the accumulation of plastic trash are getting worse. It is robust, lightweight, corrosion-resistant, affordable, and durable. Microorganisms play a significant role in protecting our environment by degrading plastic wastes that are harmful either naturally or by chemical modification. The current study aims to investigate the biodegradation of synthetic polyethylene through the utilization of a laboratory bioreactor. Various types of additives were introduced to the soil samples before subjecting them to a 30-day UV treatment. The degradation of polyethylene was shown through a reduction in weight following a 24-week incubation period with certain bacterial strains. Experimental findings have revealed that models subjected to UV radiation exhibit the highest degree of vulnerability and degradation. Approximately 52% of polyethylene (PE) films underwent degradation when exposed to soil enhanced with peat moss. In contrast, only 40% and 45% of PE films were destroyed when subjected to garden soil that was untreated and treated with UV radiation, respectively. In contrast, the addition of husk resulted in a 48% to 53% reduction in weight for PE films that were buried for the same duration of the experiment. The highest level of effectiveness was achieved by the disintegration of the plastic material that was introduced into the soil along with organic fertilizers, resulting in a value of 56.60%. The weight loss outcomes have been substantiated by the utilization of the Atomic Force Electron Microscope (AFM) images, which exhibited the highest magnitude in the experimental model using soil supplemented with fertilizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to explore the release rate (RR) of wheat straw nutrients during straw return to a paddy field and examined the possible relationship between wheat stalk shear strength and the content of the remaining components in wheat straw. We used the nylon mesh bag technique to study the decomposition of straw nutrients such as total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), lignin, and cellulose over time. During the time span of 0−90 days, results showed a rapid decomposition rate with a diverse trend under different tillage operations. Furthermore, the decomposition rate was higher under the plough (PRP) conditions than under dry conditions (RP) or water rotation (PR). Moreover, under PRP conditions, the RR of TOC, TK, lignin, and cellulose increased, while the RR of TK was higher than 95% initially and then increased slightly. However, the carbon to nitrogen ratio was first increased and then decreased; similarly the RR of TP first increased and then decreased; a fluctuating pattern was observed for TN. Additionally, we found a strong correlation between wheat stalk shear strength and the remaining contents of lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose, with R2 ≥ 0.91, which was higher than 0.82 after computing adjustments. Furthermore, the changing trend of nutrients and components and the relationship between shear strength and the content of the remaining components in wheat straw were used to evaluate the release characteristics of nutrients under straw return. The potential effects of the straw shear strength on soil mechanical properties were determined, providing a remarkable opportunity for acquiring nutrients for sustainable application of soil.

Hydrological extremes are common throughout the world and can be considered a globally significant phenomenon with severe environmental and social consequences. In recent decades, especially in the second half of the 20th century, Extreme Hydrological Events (EHEs) have attracted extensive attention. Physiological and anthropogenic factors have increased the frequency and severity of hydrological extremes worldwide in the last few decades. Recently, it has become a significant environmental issue in Sri Lanka. Both floods and droughts are widespread throughout the country, and the influence of floods is becoming more common every year. Currently, the frequency and severity of EHEs in the Kelani River Basin (KRB), Sri Lanka, are very common and have increased due to climate variations. Therefore, this study focused mainly on evaluating the EHEs and the impact of long-term El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Sea Surface Temperature (SST), and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) dynamics on extreme events. Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) and Extreme Precipitation Indices (EPIs) were calculated to examine the EHEs and their spatial variability. In addition, the relationships between EHEs and ENSO were investigated using several climate indices based on SST anomalies. Both observed and satellite-derived daily precipitation from 1951 to 2019 were used to assess the EHEs in the KRB. The trend of EHEs and the change points were evaluated using the Pettitt test, and teleconnection with global indices was examined using the correlation coefficient in the R application. The result of the study revealed that the pattern of EHEs varied spatially from 1951 to 2019. The strong La Niña years showed a high degree of teleconnection with EHEs in April (r = 0.622 at 0.05 significance level) and August (r = −0.732 at 0.05 significance level). NINO3.4 and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) have shown a significant positive impact on EHEs in the Northeast Monsoon (NEM) period. This research on KRB will be a popular scientific measure that can provide scientific results and solutions for the comprehensive decision-making process in the future. Investigating the global physical changes that influence EHEs is critical to taking the necessary steps to reduce the severity of hydrological extremes in Sri Lanka. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In September 1998, more than 800 young people in Jordan believed they had suffered from the side- effects of tetanus-diphtheria toxoid vaccine administered at school; 122 of them were admitted to hospital. For the vast majority, their symptoms did not result from the vaccine but arose from mass psychogenic illness. The role played by the media, the children's parents, and the medical profession in the escalation of this mass reaction appeared, at first sight, to be unusual and even unique to the circumstances in Jordan at the time. A review of the literature showed, however, that this mass reaction was similar in many ways to previous outbreaks, even though the underlying causes varied. There are about 200 published accounts of mass responses to situations involving suspected poisoning or other events. Because such mass reactions are relatively rare and the triggers so diverse, individuals faced with responding to them are unlikely to have prior experience in how to handle them and are unlikely to take bold steps to prevent their escalation. Indeed they may be unaware that such events have been recorded before. The lessons learned from this incident in Jordan may help other immunization programme managers to handle crisis situations elsewhere.

Blood pressure in the elderly is considered as one of the health disturbing factors. In this study, we seek to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapy on blood pressure and brain waves in the elderly. Method The present study was a quasi-experimental with experimental and control groups. In this study, 8 elderly people were trained in 8 mindfulness techniques one by one. The brain waves and blood pressure of the subjects were then compared with those in the control group. In this study, a sphygmomanometer and electroencephalography device were used. Results The results showed that the mean blood pressure of the experimental group decreased compared to the control group in the post-test stage. Also, the alpha and theta brain waves of the experimental group increased compared to the control group. Discussion According to the findings of the present study, mindfulness method can reduce blood pressure in elderly people with high blood pressure and on the other hand, increase brain waves associated with relaxation, namely alpha and theta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]