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Introduction: Colorectal cancer in children and adolescents is an exceptional condition. Its clinical symptoms are non-specific, leading to delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis., Case Presentation: The present article reports the case of a 15-year-old child followed for acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a history of a grandfather operated on and followed for colorectal cancer. The child was admitted to our department with an occlusive syndrome. Endoscopy and radiological findings suggested the diagnosis of colon adenocarcinoma (AC). The therapeutic decision was a segmental colectomy covering the right colonic angle and colostomy followed by chemotherapy., Discussion: Colorectal cancer remains an exceptional pathology in children. They often include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and rectal discharge. Endoscopy is the key diagnostic test, enabling both distal and proximal lesions to be detected. Primary CA of the colon is rare in children, and even rarer as a second malignancy., Conclusion: The clinical symptoms of colorectal adenocarcinoma in children are non-specific. These cancers are little-known in pediatrics, and are often diagnosed at an advanced stage., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Low-dose radiotherapy (LD-RT) has historically been used to treat severe bacterial and viral pneumonia due to its immunomodulatory properties. However, this technique has been delayed since the advent of antibiotics and the carcinogenic risk associated with radiation therapy. Currently, it represents an alternative therapeutic in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic which leads sometimes to fatal pneumonia, especially given the limited availability of effective treatments for severe forms of pneumonia. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effect of LD-RT and have reported clinical and biological improvement in patients with severe pneumonia. In this literature review, we report the data and results of various published clinical trials., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Safini et al.)

Background: The difficulty of understanding the pathology courses and the student's dissatisfaction with the pathology modules is a universal problem. The principal aim of our survey was to assess the perception and satisfaction of teaching pathology by graduate medical students from nine Moroccan faculties of medicine., Materials and Methods: This study was conducted among graduate medical students regarding their preferences in pathology teaching modalities, their satisfaction with the current lecture-based courses, their perception of pathology as a specialty, and their thoughts on whether and how such curricula should be modernized. A qualitative and comparative analysis was performed. The differences in modalities of teaching used were investigated., Results: We received 274 completed surveys from graduate Moroccan medical students. Seventy-five (27.9 %) students were dissatisfied with the actual lecture-based courses. A total of 131 students (48.5%) considered that the methodology of teaching and learning used in their faculty is insufficient for learning, understanding, and memorizing pathology courses. Additionally, 233 students (86.3 %) considered that the curriculum should be modernized. The majority supported the implementation of case reports (74%), hospital-based rotation in the pathology department (68.7%), and virtual slides (60%) as the most preferred didactic methods., Conclusions: This survey based-study highlighted the limits of the current pathology teaching curriculum in Morocco, insufficiently in line with the aspirations of students. Furthermore, students' responses regarding their knowledge of the pathology laboratory functioning as well as their opinions toward considering pathology as a future career were very surprising, converging toward a huge lack of attractiveness of this discipline., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2023 Journal of Education and Health Promotion.)

Introduction: Osteoarticular tuberculosis represents 1 to 3% of all tuberculosis cases, the tuberculosis of the talus is a very rare form of osteoarticular tuberculosis. Its clinical and radiological features are not specific. In this study, we report a case of ankle tuberculosis involving the talus in a 5-year-old girl., Case Report: A 5 years old girl, was admitted for pain, swelling, and functional impairment of the left ankle, on the clinical examination, the patient manifested a painful oedematous ankle. The biological examination revealed a slight inflammatory syndrome, The X-ray of the ankle showed a lytic image of the posterior part of the talus with a cortical involvement. The biopsy revealed an epithelioid cell granuloma without any caseous necrosis. The medical management consisted of anti-tuberculosis multi-drug., Discussion: The tuberculosis of the talus is a very rare form of osteoarticular tuberculosis. In this study, we report a rare case of this localization of a 5-year-old girl. The non-specificity of symptoms is the main difficulty that causes a delay in diagnosis. Standard radiology, MRI, and biology were non-contributory. Bone biopsy and anatomopathological study led to the diagnosis of tuberculosis of the talus. The main aims of the surgical treatment are to take some sample for histological study, and to curette the diseased part in the bone followed by 6 to 9 months of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy., Conclusion: Tuberculosis of the talus is extremely rare, it deserves special attention especially in endemic areas., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Epidemiologic data support an association between diet and mutations in the Kirsten-ras ( KRAS ) gene involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. This study aimed to explore the associations between fat intake and KRAS mutations in codons 12 and 13 in cases of CRC in the Moroccan population. A multicenter case-series study nested in a large-scale Moroccan CRC case-control study was conducted. Among all CRC cases recruited, 151 specimens were available for the DNA mutation analysis. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (Cis) for KRAS mutation status according to the fat intake variables. A KRAS mutation was detected in the CRC tumor of 34.4% of the patients among whom 65.4% had a single mutation at codon 12 and 34.6% had a single mutation at codon 13. Compared to low levels of consumption, a positive association was observed between high polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) consumption (>16.9 g/day) and prevalence of KRAS mutations (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.01-4.59). No statistically significant associations were observed for total fat, monounsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids and KRAS mutations. The results of this study suggest that PUFA may be relevant in the etiology of CRC, possibly through the generation of G > A transitions at the KRAS oncogene. Further studies are needed to verify and explain this finding.

Background: Schwannomas are uncommon tumors of the external auditory canal. In the English literature, very few cases of schwannomas originating in the external auditory canal were reported and none of them showed chondroid metaplasia. We report the first case of schwannoma with chondroid metaplasia in this location., Case Presentation: In this report, we described a 22-year-old white man who presented with an external auditory slow growing mass. A computed tomography scan of the temporal bone demonstrated a well-circumscribed, soft tissue mass narrowing most of the external auditory canal. A surgical biopsy was performed and the histological examination showed a schwannoma with chondroid metaplasia., Conclusion: Schwannoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of benign or malignant tissue masses involving the external ear canal.

A retrospective study through questionnaire was made among over 800 women of a Pre-Sahel region of Mali. It confirmed the very high infant and child mortality in this population: over 250% mortality under 1 year of age and over 400% under 6 years of age. The factorial analysis of correspondences proved adequate to determine the main characteristics of the local mortality pattern. In chronological order, the most important causes are obstetrical factors (1st day of life), umbilical tetanus (1 week to 1 month of age), malaria (1 month to 1 year of age), pneumopathies (including pertussis and lung complications of measles), toxicoses and nutritional syndromes (over 1 year of age). Preventive measures at various levels are proposed on the basis of these findings. They belong to three broad groups: -Overall socioeconomic development with effective participation of the rural communities concerned. -Development of an appropriate primary health care structure, with a primary health care team in each village. -Strengthening of the programmes of control of the most important communicable diseases. Such simple and cheap actions should, given a clear political will of the national authorities and a modicum of trust in the future on the part of local leaders, be rapidly implementable even in the most underprivileged countries and bring a significant amount of progress in the rural areas.