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BACKGROUND: Prolonged sitting and poor posture can contribute to musculoskeletal pain and have a negative effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among young adults. Any prolonged posture leads to static loading of soft tissues and causes discomfort. Seated posture leads to inactivity causing an accumulation of metabolites, accelerating disk degeneration and musculoskeletal pain. Regular exercise has major contributions to the prevention and treatment of some health problems such as musculoskeletal disorders. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the impact of online posture exercises on musculoskeletal pain and health related quality of life among university students receiving distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial involved 72 students divided into intervention (n = 35) and control (n = 37) groups. The intervention group followed an 8-week online stretching and posture exercise program. Baseline and 8-week results were measured using the SF-36 QoL Questionnaire and Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ). RESULTS: Students spent an average of 5.4 ± 2.5 hours daily at computers. While there was no difference between the scores of any region in the CMDQ in the control group, there was a decrease in the neck, right shoulder, left shoulder, waist, left upper leg, right lower leg, and left lower leg discomfort scores in the intervention group (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the total score of SF-36 and the sub-dimensions of vitality and mental health (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The online posture exercise program led to notable reductions in musculoskeletal pain and improvements in QoL among university students. Examining the effectiveness of online exercise programs in different age groups is important for health benefits during quarantines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Meandros Medical & Dental Journal is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: This study intends to investigate the factors affecting the belief towards mental illness and social dis- tance in secondary education teachers. Method: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in high schools in Aydın, Turkey. High schools in Aydın were divided into separate strata according to school types; and the num- ber of teachers to be selected from each school was determined using the G-Power statistics program and the number of teachers in the study sample was calcula- ted to be 331.Data was collected using the Belief Towards Mental Illness Scale and Social Distance Scale. Results: 24.3 % of the teachers in the study reported that they know somebody with a mental illness in their immediate circles and 9.4% had psychiatric support in the past. According to the teachers' reports, 65.7% of the teachers believed that genetic predisposition, 73.9% stressful life events, 44.4% interpersonal relationships, 72.9% domestic violence, 58.9% domestic conflicts, 55.3% personal weaknesses, 68.4% traumatic life events, 14.6% infectious diseases, 23.4% religious belief and 11.7 % supernatural powers cause mental illnesses. The study found that the teachers who know people with mental illnesses in their immediate circles had lower social distance scores compared to those who do not know (t=-.901; p=0.004). Additionally a moderate level of positive relationship was found between the Belief Towards Mental Illness Scale score and Social Distance Scale score (r=0.502; p=0.000). Discussion: Based on this data, having someone with a mental illness in the immediate circle has a positive effect on the person's perspective for mental illnesses and social distance toward patients increases as the belief towards mental illness become more negative. In order to ensure that people with mental illnesses live in a society with no stigmatization and discrimination, it is important to raise awareness and improve knowledge promoting positive attitude towards mental illnesses in the society. Therefore it is important to increase the knowledge and awareness among teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Ischemia-reperfusion injury is an important cause of multiple organ failure in cardiovascular surgery. Our aim is to investigate the effect of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii on oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and lung injury in an experimental model of aortic clamping. Methods: Twenty-one Wistar rats were randomized into three groups (n=7). Control group animals received saline gavage for a week before undergoing median laparotomy. In other groups, supraceliac aorta was clamped for 45 minutes to induce ischemia followed by reperfusion for 60 minutes. In the ischemiareperfusion group, saline gavage was given preoperatively for one week. Ischemia-reperfusion+probiotic group rats received probiotic gavage for seven days before aortic clamping. The levels of oxidative stress markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined in both serum and lung tissue samples. Ileum and lung tissues were harvested for histological examination. Results: Ischemia-reperfusion caused severe oxidative damage and inflammation evident by significant increases in malondialdehyde and cytokine levels (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta) and decreased glutathione levels in both serum and lung tissues. There was severe histological tissue damage to the lung and ileum in the ischemia-reperfusion group. Probiotic pretreatment before aortic clamping caused significant suppression of increases in serum and lung tissue malondialdehyde and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels. Histological damage scores in tissue samples decreased in the ischemia-reperfusion+probiotic group (P<0,005). Conclusions: Oral supplementation of probiotic S. boulardii before supraceliac aortic ischemia-reperfusion in rats alleviates lung injury by reducing oxidative stress, intestinal cellular damage, and modulation of inflammatory processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medical Bulletin of Haseki / Haseki Tip Bulteni is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: Hepatitis B infection, which is a life-threatening infection, is a major global health problem. Occupational exposure may be an important route of transmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate Knowledge of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and infection control practices among Faculty of Dentistry Staff, in Aydın province. Method: In this cross-sectional study, hepatitis B vaccination status of the participants; knowledge levels, history of work accidents, general infection control practices were questioned. Knowledge levels were assessed with 63 propositions, each correct answer calculated as 1 point to calculate total knowledge score and then subgroup scores such as general information, information level scores for transmission routes, prevention approaches and risk groups, were calculated. Results: 54.4% of participants told that they had received education about HBV infection, 67.5% told they had been vaccinated with Hepatitis B vaccine. 46.3% of those who stated that they had been vaccinated told that they checked antibody levels after vaccination. 27.8% of participants stated that they had periodic inspection checks and 18.8% stated that they had an occupational accident in terms of infection risk in the previous year. The mean total knowledge score over 63 propositions was 42.3±13.3. Total knowledge score were found lower in participants who were younger or dental students, who did not receive education about general infection control precautions and hepatitis B infection, who did not vaccinated with HBV, who did not have a history of contact with HBV-infected patients, who did not had an occupational accident in the previous year and who had less than a year of occupational experience. Conclusion: In conclusion oral and dental health workers' knowledge about hepatitis B infection and infection control practices were not at desired level. It is important to give educational activities regarding causes of infections and standard infection control precautions as earlier as possible in order to prevent horizontal transmission between patients and health workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although hospital work environment is one of the most hazardous place to work, there are relatively little studies focused on heath personnel's' perceptions about workplace safety. This study investigated perceptions of health personnel about work safety at a university hospital and its relationship with occupational injuries. Questionnaire included demographics, exposure to an occupational injury, occupational safety scale for health personnel and universal precautions compliance scale. The lowest scores for the hospital safety were given for the dimensions measuring “occupational diseases and complaints” and “management support and approaches”. Gender, unsafe behaviours, and long working hours affected exposure to an occupational injury. Healthcare workers who experienced an occupational injury stated lower safety scores for the dimension “management support and approaches”. Hospital administrations should give much more attention to safety regulations in order to improve safety and health in hospitals. This study confirms the importance of management support (by arranging working hours, giving priority to training activities on safety practices and identifying problematic dimensions for safety) to come over occupational injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study; it is aimed to determine the differences of the facilities in the schools giving nursing education in Turkey, at the level of bachelor's degree. The study has been done between January 2010-May 2010 in the Colleges and Faculties giving nursing education in Turkey at the level of bachelor's degree, according to the leaflet (in 2010) of “Student Selection and Placement Centre (OSYM)”. The research's population constitutes 69 Colleges, 11 Faculties giving nursing education at the level of bachelor's degree in Turkey in 2010. The research's sample is also the research's population. The research's data was obtained from web pages of the universities, from some students studying nursing in the universities, and from some Student Affairs offices of the universities. In the end of our study some differences are determined related to education in the universities giving nursing education in bachelor's degree in Turkey . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate students' knowledge and attitudes about ageing and sexuality. This cross - sectional study was conducted on 396 nursing and midwifery students in Adnan Menderes University Aydin Health School between 23 May 2011- 3 June 2011. Ageing sexuality knowledge and attitudes scale in elderly (ASKAS) was used in order to evaluate students' knowledge and attitudes. It was found that there wasn't a significant correlation between the students' acceptance of sexual intercourse and their knowledge about sexuality in elder people (t=1.63; p=0 . 11). On the other hand, students who thought that older people could have sexual intercourse, were found to be more tolerant attitudes towards elderly sexuality(t=3.90; p=0.000). It was observed that the more the students had knowledge about elder sexuality, the more they had tolerant attitudes; however there was a negative correlation between age and knowledge/attitudes (r=0.625, p=0.000; r= - 0.365, p= 0.003; r= - 0.262, p= 0.09). No significant relation was found between ASKAS and other variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: There is increasing evidence that immunological and inflammatory dysfunctions play an essential role in the initiation and progression of major psychiatric disorders. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and mean platelet volume can be used as markers of systemic inflammation in different diseases. We aimed to investigate these blood count parameters in children and adolescents diagnosed with major depressive disorder., Methods: Designed as a case-control study, our sample consisted of patients aged 9-16 years referred to Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and pediatrics outpatient clinics for the first time and diagnosed with major depressive disorder according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition diagnostic criteria, and healthy children and adolescents matched at a ratio of 1 to 2. Data of 58 cases and 90 healthy controls evaluated between 01.07.2019 and 01.07.2020 were included., Results: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio values were significantly higher in the case group. No significant difference was found between patient and control groups regarding other blood count parameters. When depression group was compared in terms of all parameters as those who committed suicide and those did not, significant difference was found between the 3 groups in terms of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio values. The intergroup difference in platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio was found between the depression group without suicide and the control group. No significant relationship was found between other parameters and Children's Depression Inventory Scale scores. We determined a cut-off value of 112.5 for platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (with sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 63%)., Conclusion: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio might be an important parameter in the clinical follow-up of major depressive disorder., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare., (2021 authors.)