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Background: The prognosis of patients with atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) and pleomorphic dermal sarcoma (PDS) remains uncertain and no standardized follow-up programs have been established. Objective: To recommend a standardized follow-up program of patients with AFX and PDS based on nationwide long-term estimates of local recurrence and metastasis. Methods: All patients with AFX and PDS in Denmark between 2002 and 2022 were included. Danish National Registries were used to estimate the risks of local recurrence and metastasis for AFX and PDS. Results: The 5-year risk of local recurrence was 10% for AFX and 17% for PDS. The 5-year risk of metastasis was 0.8% for AFX and 16% for PDS. PDS metastasized within 3 years in >90% of the patients with the lungs as the primary metastasis site (50%). Invasion beyond the subcutis, perineural/intravascular infiltration, and increasing age significantly increased the risk of PDS relapse. Limitations: Risk of misclassification and lack of detailed surgical information. Conclusion: The follow-up of patients with AFX can be limited to clinical visits for 4 years. Patients with PDS should be followed with clinical visits and PET/CT twice a year for the first 3 years and once a year for a minimum of 1 year.

Background Risk factors for local atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) recurrence and progression to pleomorphic dermal sarcoma (PDS) have not previously been identified. Objective To identify risk factors and provide follow-up suggestions for local AFX recurrence and progression to PDS. Methods and Materials A literature search was performed in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. The PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines were followed. The risks of local AFX recurrence and progression to PDS were presented as Kaplan–Meier plots and risk factors were presented as hazard ratios (HRs) calculated with univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Results Five hundred and ninety-eight patients with AFX from 14 studies were included. Age >74 years and male sex significantly increased the risk of local recurrence (HR: 7.31 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.78–30.0], p < 0.01 and HR: 2.89 [95% CI: 1.04–8.01], p < 0.05, respectively). There was no difference when comparing wide local excision and Mohs' micrographic surgery (p = 0.89). The risks of local AFX recurrence and progression to PDS after 2 years were <1%. Conclusion A more intensive follow-up regimen could be considered in patients >74 years old and males due to the higher risk of local AFX recurrence., BACKGROUND: Risk factors for local atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) recurrence and progression to pleomorphic dermal sarcoma (PDS) have not previously been identified.OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors and provide follow-up suggestions for local AFX recurrence and progression to PDS.METHODS AND MATERIALS: A literature search was performed in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. The PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines were followed. The risks of local AFX recurrence and progression to PDS were presented as Kaplan-Meier plots and risk factors were presented as hazard ratios (HRs) calculated with univariate and multivariate Cox regression.RESULTS: Five hundred and ninety-eight patients with AFX from 14 studies were included. Age >74 years and male sex significantly increased the risk of local recurrence (HR: 7.31 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.78-30.0], p < 0.01 and HR: 2.89 [95% CI: 1.04-8.01], p < 0.05, respectively). There was no difference when comparing wide local excision and Mohs' micrographic surgery (p = 0.89). The risks of local AFX recurrence and progression to PDS after 2 years were <1%.CONCLUSION: A more intensive follow-up regimen could be considered in patients >74 years old and males due to the higher risk of local AFX recurrence.

Background: Most surgeons choose to de-epithelialize when performing a mastopexy to minimize the risk of nipple-areola-complex (NAC) necrosis. Preservation of the dermis and thus the subdermal plexus is thought to be crucial for the survival of the NAC. However, this has never been scientifically proven. Deskinning involves resection of the epidermis and the dermis and is a timesaving alternative to de-epithelialization. In this study, we present data from mastopexy patients with or without implant surgery with total deskinning of the Wise pattern. Methods: From September 2012 to March 2020, a single surgeon performed all inverted-T mastopexies using the deskinning technique. The patients were included retrospectively, and data were collected by reviewing the patients’ medical records with emphasis on NAC necrosis. Results: The cohort consisted of 274 consecutive patients who underwent bilateral mastopexy. Of these, 134 patients underwent mastopexy as the only procedure and 140 patients underwent mastopexy in combination with implant surgery. The median follow-up was 29 months (IQR 13-40 months). No complete NAC-necrosis occurred. Unilateral, partial NAC necrosis occurred in three patients who underwent mastopexy in combination with implant surgery. Conclusion: The NAC necrosis rate following inverted-T mastopexy using the deskinning technique is comparable to the rate of NAC-necrosis reported in the literature following mastopexy using the de-epithelialization technique. Our findings support that the use of deskinning is a safe and time-efficient method for patients undergoing inverted-T mastopexy. Level of Evidence IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266