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4. Digital Health meets Hamburg integrated medical degree program iMED: concept and introduction of the new interdisciplinary 2 track Digital Health

Author

Werner, René, Henningsen, Maike, Schmitz, Rüdiger, Guse, Andreas H., Augustin, Matthias, and Gauer, Tobias

Subjects
medical degree, digitalization, digital medicine, model degree program, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine
Abstract

Digitalization in medicine is transforming the everyday work and the environment of current and future physicians – and thereby brings new competencies required by the medical profession. The necessity for a curricular integration of related digital medicine and, in more general, digital health topics is mostly undisputed; however, few specific concepts and experience reports are available. Therefore, the present article reports on the aims, the implementation, and the initial experiences of the integration of the topic Digital Health as a longitudinal elective course (2 track) into the integrated medical degree program iMED in Hamburg.

Published
2020
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10. Accepted standards on how to give a Medical Research Presentation: a systematic review of expert opinion papers

Author

Blome, Christine, Sondermann, Hanno, and Augustin, Matthias

Subjects
scientific talks, scientific presentations, scientific conferences, lecturing, PowerPoint, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine
Abstract

Background: This systematic review aimed to extract recommendations from expert opinion articles on how to give a medical research presentation on a scientific conference and to determine whether the experts agree on what makes an effective or poor presentation. Methods: Presentation-related terms were searched within article titles listed in PubMed, restricting the search to English-language articles published from January 1975 to July 2015. Recommendations were extracted from the articles, grouped by content, and analyzed for frequency. Ninety-one articles were included. Among 679 different recommendations, 29 were given in more than 20% of articles each. The five most frequent recommendations were to keep slides simple, adjust the talk to the audience, rehearse, not read the talk from slides or a manuscript, and make eye contact. Results: No article gave advice that was the complete opposite of the 29 most frequent recommendations with the exception of whether a light or dark background should be used for slides. Conclusions: Researchers should comply with these widely accepted standards to be perceived as effective presenters.

Published
2017
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12. Impact of Ruxolitinib Cream on Work Productivity and Activity Impairment and Associated Indirect Costs in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: Pooled Results From Two Phase III Studies

Author

Bloudek, Lisa, Eichenfield, Lawrence F, Silverberg, Jonathan I, Joish, Vijay N, Lofland, Jennifer H, Sun, Kang, Augustin, Matthias, Migliaccio-Walle, Kristen, and Sullivan, Sean D

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Comparative Effectiveness Research, Clinical Research, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Humans, Female, Adult, Child, Dermatitis, Atopic, Treatment Outcome, Pyrimidines, Nitriles, Emollients, Double-Blind Method, Severity of Illness Index, Dermatology & Venereal Diseases, Clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundAtopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that can negatively impact work productivity and daily activities. Ruxolitinib cream, a Janus kinase inhibitor, demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with atopic dermatitis in two phase III studies (TRuE-AD1 and TRuE-AD2).ObjectiveThis post hoc analysis sought to describe the effects of ruxolitinib cream on work productivity and activity impairment from pooled data from the phase III studies, to estimate indirect costs due to atopic dermatitis, and to estimate the incremental cost savings with ruxolitinib cream versus vehicle cream.MethodsPatients in both studies were ≥ 12 years old with atopic dermatitis for ≥ 2 years, an Investigator's Global Assessment score of 2 or 3, and a 3-20% affected body surface area at baseline. Patients were randomized 2:2:1 to receive ruxolitinib cream (0.75% or 1.5%) or vehicle cream for 8 weeks. Patient self-reported productivity in the efficacy-evaluable population was assessed at weeks 2, 4, and 8 using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire-Specific Health Problem version 2.0. Statistical significance for the two doses versus vehicle was calculated using an analysis of covariance. Work Productivity and Activity Impairment overall work impairment scores were converted to a model of costs per employed patient due to lost productivity and incremental cost savings from ruxolitinib cream treatment using a human capital approach.ResultsOf 1249 patients enrolled (median age, 32 years; female sex, 61.7%), 1208 were included in the efficacy-evaluable population. Patients applying 0.75% or 1.5% ruxolitinib cream had significant changes in overall work impairment (- 17.9% [0.75% strength] and - 15.0% [1.5% strength] vs - 5.7% for vehicle; p < 0.0001 for both) and daily activity impairment (- 20.6% [0.75% strength] and - 21.5% [1.5% strength] vs - 10.6% for vehicle; p < 0.0001 for both). These corresponded to estimated lost productivity costs in 2021 US dollars of $1313 (0.75% strength) and $1242 (1.5% strength) versus $2008 (vehicle) over the 8-week trial period. Compared with a patient receiving vehicle, incremental annual indirect cost savings were estimated to be $5302 with 0.75% ruxolitinib cream and $4228 with 1.5% ruxolitinib cream.ConclusionsRuxolitinib cream therapy is associated with improved work productivity and daily activity compared with vehicle and is estimated to reduce the indirect cost burden on the patient.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT03745638 (registered 19 November, 2018) and NCT03745651 (registered 19 November, 2018).

Published
2023

16. Designing Rotationally Invariant Neural Networks from PDEs and Variational Methods

Author

Alt, Tobias, Schrader, Karl, Weickert, Joachim, Peter, Pascal, and Augustin, Matthias

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

Partial differential equation (PDE) models and their associated variational energy formulations are often rotationally invariant by design. This ensures that a rotation of the input results in a corresponding rotation of the output, which is desirable in applications such as image analysis. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) do not share this property, and existing remedies are often complex. The goal of our paper is to investigate how diffusion and variational models achieve rotation invariance and transfer these ideas to neural networks. As a core novelty we propose activation functions which couple network channels by combining information from several oriented filters. This guarantees rotation invariance within the basic building blocks of the networks while still allowing for directional filtering. The resulting neural architectures are inherently rotationally invariant. With only a few small filters, they can achieve the same invariance as existing techniques which require a fine-grained sampling of orientations. Our findings help to translate diffusion and variational models into mathematically well-founded network architectures, and provide novel concepts for model-based CNN design.

Published
2021

17. Connections between Numerical Algorithms for PDEs and Neural Networks

Author

Alt, Tobias, Schrader, Karl, Augustin, Matthias, Peter, Pascal, and Weickert, Joachim

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

We investigate numerous structural connections between numerical algorithms for partial differential equations (PDEs) and neural architectures. Our goal is to transfer the rich set of mathematical foundations from the world of PDEs to neural networks. Besides structural insights we provide concrete examples and experimental evaluations of the resulting architectures. Using the example of generalised nonlinear diffusion in 1D, we consider explicit schemes, acceleration strategies thereof, implicit schemes, and multigrid approaches. We connect these concepts to residual networks, recurrent neural networks, and U-net architectures. Our findings inspire a symmetric residual network design with provable stability guarantees and justify the effectiveness of skip connections in neural networks from a numerical perspective. Moreover, we present U-net architectures that implement multigrid techniques for learning efficient solutions of partial differential equation models, and motivate uncommon design choices such as trainable nonmonotone activation functions. Experimental evaluations show that the proposed architectures save half of the trainable parameters and can thus outperform standard ones with the same model complexity. Our considerations serve as a basis for explaining the success of popular neural architectures and provide a blueprint for developing new mathematically well-founded neural building blocks.

Published
2021

19. Sparse Inpainting with Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics

Author

Daropoulos, Viktor, Augustin, Matthias, and Weickert, Joachim

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, 68U10 (Primary) 65D18, 76M28, 94A08 (Secondary)
Abstract

Digital image inpainting refers to techniques used to reconstruct a damaged or incomplete image by exploiting available image information. The main goal of this work is to perform the image inpainting process from a set of sparsely distributed image samples with the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) technique. As, in its naive formulation, the SPH technique is not even capable of reproducing constant functions, we modify the approach to obtain an approximation which can reproduce constant and linear functions. Furthermore, we examine the use of Voronoi tessellation for defining the necessary parameters in the SPH method as well as selecting optimally located image samples. In addition to this spatial optimization, optimization of data values is also implemented in order to further improve the results. Apart from a traditional Gaussian smoothing kernel, we assess the performance of other kernels on both random and spatially optimized masks. Since the use of isotropic smoothing kernels is not optimal in the presence of objects with a clear preferred orientation in the image, we also examine anisotropic smoothing kernels. Our final algorithm can compete with well-performing sparse inpainting techniques based on homogeneous or anisotropic diffusion processes as well as with exemplar-based approaches., Comment: 96 pages, 82 figures, accepted by SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences

Published
2020

36. Einleitung

Author

Augustin, Matthias, Augustin, Carola, Augustin, Matthias, and Augustin, Carola

Published
2021
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38. SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among psoriasis patients in Germany: Data from the German registries PsoBest and CoronaBest

Author

López, María José Valencia, primary, Meineke, Anna, additional, Stephan, Brigitte, additional, Rustenbach, Stephan Jeff, additional, Kis, Anne, additional, Thaçi, Diamant, additional, Mrowietz, Ulrich, additional, Reich, Kristian, additional, Staubach‐Renz, Petra, additional, von Kiedrowski, Ralph, additional, Bogena, Henriette, additional, and Augustin, Matthias, additional

Published
2024
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39. The socio‐economic burden of H1‐antihistamine‐refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria in Germany

Author

Augustin, Matthias, primary, Beier, Dominik, additional, Branner, Jennifer, additional, Häckl, Dennis, additional, Hampel, Regina, additional, Kramps, Thomas, additional, Kurzen, Hjalmar, additional, Lintener, Hannah, additional, Melzer, Nima, additional, Müller, Malina, additional, Staubach, Petra, additional, Schwichtenberg, Uwe, additional, Termeer, Christian, additional, Zink, Alexander, additional, Nathan, Petra, additional, and Maurer, Marcus, additional

Published
2024
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40. Perception and Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Psoriasis Patients: Data from the German PsoBest and the CoronaBest Registries

Author

Valencia López, María José, primary, Stephan, Brigitte, additional, Meineke, Anna, additional, Wolf, Sandra, additional, Thaci, Diamant, additional, Mrowietz, Ulrich, additional, Andrees, Valerie, additional, Rustenbach, Stephan, additional, Reich, Kristian, additional, Thalmann, Linus, additional, Bogena, Henriette, additional, Staubach, Petra, additional, von Kiedrowski, Ralph, additional, and Augustin, Matthias, additional

Published
2024
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