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Face recognition is a geometric space recording activity that allows it to be used to distinguish the features of a face. Therefore, facial recognition can be used to identify ID cards, ATM card PINs, search for the perpetrators of theft whose faces were caught by Close-Circuit Television (CCTV), terrorists, and other criminals.  Making an application or tool is very urgent and important to assist law enforcement, such as determining a photo of the face of a suspected criminal. With a tool that can automatically provide or display a suspected face following the desired query. To overcome this, usually, law enforcers will ask for help from people who are good at drawing, especially face painters to sketch the faces of criminals based on several eyewitnesses who have seen the perpetrators of crimes even though only at a glance. Besides that, with sketches like this, it is hoped that it can help artists and witnesses. eyes to improve the sketch made based on the image of the called face (face retrieved). However, there is still a problem in how to sketch a real face image or image of someone. In this study, a digital image search technique (content-based image retrieval) was used to identify criminals, including corruptors. Often the perpetrators of crime take place very quickly and are not caught by CCTV cameras, so the only way to look at them is based on witnesses who saw the incident who had seen the criminal act. One of the problems in face recognition is that we don't have a face image of the criminals, so a face sketch is needed which is then generated it based on the sketch an actual face image is generated. The research will be carried out using no less than 1,000 facial images, both normal and abnormal faces (with obstacles).

The importance of tourism expenditure is widely recognized, but the spatial patterns of visitor expenditure in cities is so far an unexplored subject. The main aim of this paper is to analyze the s...

The big data technology framework has been successfully used in the Internet of Things, and the financial industry also hopes to use the advanced technology of big data to integrate and improve internal and external data related to credit risks. Relying on more efficient machine learning algorithms to get a reasonable prediction of credit risk can reduce the self-generated losses of the Internet of Things finance and increase profits. This article uses distributed search engine technology to customize web crawlers to obtain the required bank card and transaction data from the multi-source heterogeneous data of the Internet of Things financial industry, design the corresponding Spark parallel algorithm to preprocess the data, and establish an inverted table and two Level index file provides data source for big data analysis platform. After the data source is determined, the Mutually Exclusive Collectively Exhaustive (MECE) analysis method is combined with the scores of many financial business experts in the industry to obtain a set of candidate indicators and quantification methods for the financial credit risk evaluation of the Internet of Things, and analyze the correlation of indicators and risk grading. The random forest algorithm in the big data machine learning library is used to select the feature of the candidate index set, and a multi-level spatial association rule algorithm based on the Hash structure is designed to mine the financial risk information of the Internet of Things, and build a credit risk assessment and intelligent early warning model. This paper selects 26 indicators of Internet of Things finance as the research objects, uses SPSS26.0 software to perform sample Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) test and Bartlett sphere test on the original data, and describes the results of factor analysis in detail. The particle swarm algorithm is introduced into the parameter optimization of random forest, and the financial credit risk assessment model of the Internet of Things is established. The results show that this method can significantly reduce the probability of banks making the first and second error rates when evaluating the credit risk of financing the Internet of Things Finance. This is conducive to the smooth development of the Internet of Things financial business for banks, which enables banks to enhance their own profitability while effectively reducing losses due to incorrect credit provision.

This study aims to better understand transnational computer fraud in Vietnam utilizing crime script analysis. Data from criminal profiles and in-depth interviews with investigators were combined, and the results showed that Vietnam could become an operational base for both domestic and foreign criminals to implement transnational computer fraud. This type of fraud, which includes crimes with only minor technological elements and those involving almost entirely technological factors, represents the intersection of fraud, transnationality, and technology. Technology can support criminals in defrauding victims transnationally without the need for direct interaction. Moreover, the study clarified the different roles of Vietnamese and foreign offenders in the two types of transnational computer fraud: bank card data fraud and phone scams. As the first study of this nature implemented in Vietnam, this research contributes to the knowledge of computer fraud, especially in Asia, providing a foundation for future investigations related to this kind of cybercrime.

Rapid developments in third-party online payment platforms now make it possible to record massive bank card transaction data. Clustering on such transaction data is of great importance for the analysis of merchant behaviours. However, traditional methods based on generated features inevitably lead to much loss of information. To make better use of bank card transaction data, this study investigates the possibility of using the empirical cumulative distribution of transaction amounts. As the distance between two merchants can be measured using the two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test statistic, we propose the Kolmogorov–Smirnov K-means clustering approach based on this distance measure. An approximation step is conducted to ensure the feasibility of the proposed method even for large-scale transaction data, and the associated theoretical properties are investigated. Both simulations and an empirical study demonstrate that our method outperforms feature-based methods and is computationally efficient for large-scale data sets.

We use daily transaction data in 214 cities to study the impact of COVID-19 on consumption after China's outbreak in late January 2020. Based on difference-in-difference estimation, daily offline consumption--via bank card and mobile Quick Response code transactions--fell by 32 percent, or 18.57 million renminbi (RMB) per city, during the 12-week period. The effect is prevalent across cities and is more pronounced in the dining-and-entertainment and travel categories. We infer that China's offline consumption decreased by over 1.22 trillion RMB, or 1.2 percent of China's 2019 GDP, in the 3-month postoutbreak period.

This article describes the recognition of bank card information. Recognizing an object with a camera is one of the most important tasks at the moment. Recognizing credit card data at the same time is a rather complex algorithmic task, but at the moment the implementation of this task is very relevant and in-demand due to the increase in the number of payment transactions via mobile devices. The implementation of this task can save a person from having to enter most of the data when making online payments. The fundamental difficulties of this problem are discussed and methods for solving it are proposed. The problem under consideration is solved for the case of application on mobile devices, which imposes strict requirements for computational complexity. The article presents the results of a formal analysis of the performance and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The error spectrum of the recognition system as a whole shows that the proposed algorithm solves the problem with the required accuracy. The main question that was investigated at this work: is it possible to use the Tesseract OCR library for text recognition from video images, for example, timecode? That is, digital time data embedded in the footage images. This is important for the automation of individual procedures for video technical expert studies. Object recognition by the camera is one of the most important tasks at the moment. The fundamental difficulties of this problem are discussed and methods for its solution are proposed. The article presents the results of a formal analysis of the performance and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The spectrum of errors of the recognition system as a whole shows that the proposed algorithm solves the problem with the required accuracy.

Women are the major source of economic development in countries like India, now a day’s women are financially independent and equally earnable in family, society has also accepted the changes as well, at the same banking becomes digitalized every individual prefers to use plastic cards instead of cash for the transaction and shopping. ATM card is a basic instrument that helps to withdraw money and deposit money in the bank account. Every banking company offers free ATM that is debit /credit card services to their customer; the objective of the study is to find the usage perception towards women and find the purpose of using ATM cards in their day to day life. The sample size of the study is 40, SPSS 22 software is used to analyze data collected., the hypothesis of the study is valued with the help of One Way ANOVA.

The current structure of a criminal law specifying the constituent elements of embezzlement from a card is imperfect concerning both the disposition and sanctions for a committed crime. The researchers fairly emphasize the urgency of the problem but consider commonly every method of embezzlement of money from a card apart from others, not proposing complex measures to eliminate contradictions arising in the process of study. Although the researchers recognize theft and fraud as equivalent crimes in the degree of danger to the public, to identify the responsibility level, it is necessary to determine reliably all objective evidence of any criminal act, which definitely can significantly differ in severity of punishment for their commitment. The paper studies such types of crime as the money embezzlement from bank cards by third parties. The system of normative legal acts of the Russian legislation the difference of fraud from theft. The objective aspect of constituent elements of a crime, the list of signs typical for the facade of a criminal act, peculiar to such group of crimes as embezzlement, are specified. The author distinguishes the objective elements of two bodies of evidence, which can fall under the definition of money embezzlement from a bank card: theft from a banking account and fraud, in other words, fraud using electronic payment facilities. The author concludes on the necessity to introduce to the RF Criminal Code the design article 158.2 with the description of constituent elements of money embezzlement from a banking account (card) in the form of theft to improve and unify criminal law in respect of responsibility for such type property crimes.

Гончар Л.В., Малахова А.В., Невкипіла О.С. ФІНАНСОВЕ ШАХРАЙСТВО ТА БЕЗПЕКА Мета. Характеристика особливостей фінансового шахрайства на підприємствах та в житті людей, виокремлення критеріїв ідентифікації й обґрунтування практичних рекомендацій щодо напрямків його мінімізації в сучасних умовах. Методика дослідження. Методологічною основою дослідження стали наукові методи пізнання, що базуються на системному підході до розв’язання поставлених завдань. Для досягнення поставленої мети і отримання результатів дослідження використано низку загальних та спеціальних наукових методів дослідження: діалектичний; монографічний (при опрацюванні наукових публікацій); системного аналізу (при дослідженні видів фінансового шахрайства та безпеки населення країни); метод аналогій та порівнянь (при дослідженні міжнародної практики з запобігання фінансового шахрайства); комплексний аналіз (при формуванні висновків та пропозицій щодо вирішення поставлених завдань) та інші. Результати дослідження. Розкрито проблеми фінансового шахрайства в сучасних умовах нестабільності економіки України. На основі аналізу теоретичних та методологічних підходів розкрито сутність категорії «шахрайство». Наведено особливості прояву різних видів фінансового шахрайства на підприємствах, як-от: розтрата чи розкрадання з боку найманого працівника; шахрайство з боку керівників чи менеджерів; афери із інвестиціями; шахрайство з боку постачальників; шахрайство з боку замовника чи клієнта. Виявлено основні методи протидії фінансового шахрайства на підприємствах, зокрема: неочікувана перевірка підприємства; легендована перевірка; внутрішнє розслідування фактів шахрайства; одержання інформації із відкритих джерел. Проведено дослідження основних сучасних видів фінансового шахрайства по відношенню до фізичних осіб, зокрема: соціальна інженерія; скрімінг; фішинг; викрадення фінансового номеру телефону; фінансові піраміди. Наведено статистичні показники негативних наслідків діяльності фінансових шахраїв в Україні. Визначено напрями уникнення негативних наслідків протизаконних дій, як-от: нерозповсюдження своїх персональних даних; нерозголошення інформації щодо банківської карти, паролів від приватних кабінетів на сайті банку; невідкриття листів на пошті з підозрілих адрес; уважний огляд банкомату перед його використанням; прикриття клавіатури при введенні пін-коду банківської картки; невстановлення підозрілих програм; неприйняття пропозицій із заробітком надприбутків тощо. Наукова новизна результатів дослідження. Вперше здійснено комплексний аналіз прояву різних видів фінансового шахрайства та обґрунтовано практичні рекомендацій щодо напрямків їх мінімізації, враховуючи передовий зарубіжний досвід. Практична значущість результатів дослідження. Запропоновані за результатами дослідження рекомендації стосовно протидії фінансовому шахрайству допоможуть підвищити рівень фінансової безпеки населення України. Ключові слова: фінансове шахрайство, фінансова безпека, соціальна інженерія, скрімінг, фішинг, фінансові піраміди. Honchar L.V., Malakhova A.V., Nevkypila O.S. FINANCIAL FRAUD AND SECURITY Purpose. The aim of the study is to characterize the features of financial fraud in enterprises and in people’s lives, to identify identification criteria and substantiate practical recommendations for ways to minimize it in modern conditions. Methodology of research. The methodological basis of the study was scientific methods of cognition, based on a systematic approach to solving problems. A number of general and special scientific research methods were used to achieve this goal and obtain research results: dialectical; monographic (when processing scientific publications); system analysis (in the study of types of financial fraud and security of the population); method of analogies and comparisons (in the study of international practice for the prevention of financial fraud); comprehensive analysis (in the formation of conclusions and proposals for solving the tasks) and others. Findings. The article reveals the problems of financial fraud in the current conditions of instability of Ukraine’s economy. Based on the analysis of theoretical and methodological approaches, the essence of the category "fraud" is revealed. Peculiarities of manifestation of different types of financial fraud at enterprises are given, such as: embezzlement or theft by an employee; fraud by managers or managers; investment scams; fraud on the part of suppliers; fraud on the part of the customer or client. The main methods of counteracting financial fraud at enterprises are revealed, in particular: unexpected inspection of the enterprise; legendary check; internal investigation of fraud; obtaining information from open sources. A study of the main modern types of financial fraud against individuals, in particular: social engineering; streaming; phishing; theft of a financial phone number; financial pyramids. The statistical indicators of the negative consequences of the activities of financial fraudsters in Ukraine are given. The directions of avoiding the negative consequences of illegal actions are determined, such as: non-dissemination of one’s personal data; non-disclosure of bank card information, passwords from private accounts on the bank’s website; not opening letters in the mail from suspicious addresses; careful inspection of the ATM before its use; cover the keyboard when entering the PIN code of the bank card; do not install suspicious programs; not to believe offers with earnings of super profits, etc. Originality . For the first time, a comprehensive analysis of the manifestation of various types of financial fraud was carried out and practical recommendations were substantiated on the directions of their minimization, taking into account the best foreign experience. Practical value. Proposed recommendations for combating financial fraud based on the results of the study will help to increase the level of financial security of the population of Ukraine. Key words: financial fraud, financial security, social engineering, streaming, phishing, financial pyramids.

Mobile payments are becoming increasingly popular around the world. In countries like China, they appear in the form of barcode payments and are poised to replace cash and bank card payments for day-to-day consumer purchases. Against that backdrop, this paper analyzes the availability of barcode standardization as an approach to interoperability and ultimately to enhanced competition in the mobile payment industry. It uses the Chinese industry as a study case, which features a duopoly structure and shifting competitive dynamics among three definable groups of market players. This paper confirms that standardization can enhance competition and argues that, in this case, a government-mandated standardization is preferable to a voluntary one because the latter is prone to financial market failures. Along this line, this paper makes three suggestions for furthering the barcode standardization. It also advises prudence and competitive neutrality for the financial regulator and calls for more active involvements of the competition and data protection authorities.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa sajakah yang mempengaruhi kepuasan nasabah Bank Mandiri Margonda Depok. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh nasabah bank Mandiri Margonda Depok dengan sampel yaitu nasabah bank Mandiri Margonda Depok yang sesuai dengan kriteria yang telah ditentukan oleh peneliti. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara terbuka dengan memilih key informan sebagai sumber data, yaitu nasabah bank Mandiri Margonda Depok khususnya pengguna kartu ATM dari magnetic stripe ke ATM chip card. Hasil dari penelitian ini akan menunjukan faktor-faktor apa sajakah yang mempengaruhi kepuasan nasabah bank Mandiri Margonda Depok. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dengan dilakukannya perubahan kartu ATM magnetic stripe menjadi kartu ATM chip card terhadap kepuasan nasabah Bank Mandiri Margonda Depok, yang pertama adalah para nasabah merasa puas dengan tindakan yang dilakukan bank mandiri pada saat awal mula terjadinya kasus skimming tersebut, bank mandiri sanggatlah tanggap terhadap kasus tersebut, dengan menghimbau para nasabah yang menggunakan kartu ATM magnetic stripe harus segera beralih atau mengganti kartu ATM mereka menjadi kartu ATM chip card, kemudian yang kedua adalah, para nasabah puas dengan sifat tanggung jawab yang bank mandiri buktikan dengan cara mengganti seluruh tabungan bagi nasabah yang terkena kasus kejahatan skimming tersebut. Kemudian yang terahir para nasabah merasa puas atas kinerja yang telah dilakukan bank mandiri karena telah menetapkan dan menghimbau para nasabahnya agar segera mengganti kartu ATM mereka menjadi chip card. Oleh karena itu para nasabah merasa puas dengan segala tindakan yang telah dilakukan oleh bank Mandiri, sehingga para nasabah merasakan rasa aman dan nyaman pada saat melakukan kegiatan transaksi dimana saja.

This research has purposed to discover the legal protection for a customers which is using ATM card in Indonesia banking systems and to discover the dispute resolution against skimming system in banking sector. This research used normative research method. The conclusion from this study that is the legal protection for customers who is using ATM cards is based Act Number 8 of 1999 concerning Customer Protections and Act Number 21 of 1999 concerning Financial Services Authority especially on The regulation of Financial Services Authority Number 1/POJK.07/2013 concerning Customers Legal Protection on Financial Services. The dispute resolutions for skimming system problems can be resolved by litigation and non litigation.

This article considers the possibilities of game technologies using for financial literacy teaching in the institutions of general secondary education. The attention is emphasized on the methodology of financial literacy teaching, which is focused on an innovative way of training and optimal implementation of tasks of interactive and practically oriented educational process. It is analyzed a number of scientific pedagogical and educational activities on financial literacy, which were conducted at the Western Ukrainian National University together with teachers of general secondary, vocational and higher education institutions about the trends and prospects of using game technologies in the educational process. The attention emphasizes on the importance of game modeling introducing in the educational institutions, which contributes to the reorientation of acquired knowledge and skills of financial literacy from the external sphere to internal, followed by their effective release during practical application. In this article there is a brief description of the author's board interactive financial games "My first million", "My budget", "Small entrepreneurs", "Payment in the store", "Bank card", "ATM", "Telephone fraud" and their testing at the courses of financial literacy for anti-terrorist operation participants’ children. A questionnaire survey among schoolchildren was conducted after a successful completion of the courses, to assess the level of knowledge of financial literacy basics. It was observed that 63.79% of schoolchildren have the high and sufficient level of knowledge of financial literacy. The insufficient level of knowledge on the issues of skillful management of personal funds, acquisition of savings skills with the least losses and greatest benefits, protection against financial fraud was found in 24.13% of respondents, which requires the further consistent work of teachers with schoolchildren in the formation of financial competencies. This study proved the importance of using of teaching game component as a significant addition to the traditional methods of financial literacy teaching in educational institutions and courses for the formation of financial competencies in schoolchildren.

In this paper, we propose an algorithm for detection and recognition of all information fields at the bank card front side based on video sequences. The algorithm is intended for use on mobile devices. This algorithm consists of the following basic steps: detection of the card boundaries in a frame, segmenting the information fields, improving the quality of segments, localizing the boundaries of symbols, and recognizing blocks of symbols. We also conduct a series of experiments. Experimental results show that our algorithm can achieve higher detection rates of 88% for all information fields and 92.5% for the bank card number and expiration date. The processing time per frame at different resolutions for each step by using iPhone 7 is presented. The experimental results confirm the efficiency of the proposed approach.

Purpose: In a very short period, the worldwide pandemic sparked by the COVID-19 has not only taken multiple lives but has also imposed extreme restrictions on both the private and business activities. The purpose of the study at this point is to provide a broader interpretation of how a flexible cash-flow structure of various strategic interventions will enable Bangladeshi SMEs to endure through the emergency. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study has embraced a qualitative approach on basis of online focus group discussion with the support of a professional facilitator. The data collection process includes 09 participants from various fields, such as Academia, SMEs, Media, and NGOs. Findings: Because SMEs are operating in uncertain conditions, the analysis from the discussions suggests that an adjustable integration of various ranges of cash-flow management initiatives, such as cash flow targets, clear payment terms, use of technology, revisit variable cost, extend payables, and government schemes can help SMEs to endure throughout this turbulent time. Research limitation: Prior empirical attempts are subsequently required to inquiry about the proposed model for SMEs from different perspectives. Also, besides, a smaller sample size creates an issue with generalizability. The moderator, intentionally or inadvertently, may inject his personal biases into the participants' exchange of ideas. Practical implications: The formulated model provides recommendations for SMEs and on how to remain competitive through resilience and renewal strategies. Originality/Value: This article is the first to configure a strategic cash-flow management model for Bangladeshi SMEs to harness the entrepreneurial potential of the pandemic.

This study examined a sample of transnational computer fraud cases involving bank card fraud and phone scams investigated by the Vietnamese police between 2010 and 2018. This research used social n...

The level of crime vulnerability in cyberspace (cybercrime) today and its impact has exceeded the real world. Cybercrime is a dark side of technological advances that have a very broad negative impact on all areas of modern life today. The impact that will be felt as a result of the collapse of a bank is not only limited to the bank concerned but will have a broad impact on other banks. This research was conducted with the aim of uncovering the causes of the crime of burglary using skimming techniques based on Law No. 19 of 2016 and the criminal responsibility of the perpetrators of criminal acts of ATM burglary using skimming techniques based on Law no. 19 of 2016. This research employed normative legal research methods. The results of this study showed that the cause of the crime of burglary using skimming techniques is the negligence of the owner of the ATM card. In the crime of skimming ATM burglary, unawarely the victim usually has been video recorded when inserting the ATM pin and the magnetic tape has been recorded through a special device. In the results of this study, it was also stated that the crime of burglary with ATM machines using skimming techniques could be charged under Article 30 of the ITE Law, so that police officers have a legal basis to take action to investigate ATM card crimes and other electronic transactions.

Background Evidence is needed regarding effective incentive strategies to increase clinician survey response rates. Cash cards are increasingly used as survey incentives; they are appealing because of their convenience and because in some cases their value can be reclaimed by investigators if not used. However, their effectiveness in clinician surveys is not known. In this study within the BRCA Founder OutReach (BFOR) study, a clinical trial of population-based BRCA1/2 mutation screening, we compared the use of upfront cash cards requiring email activation versus checks as clinician survey incentives. Methods Participants receiving BRCA1/2 testing in the BFOR study could elect to receive their results from their primary care provider (PCP, named by the patient) or from a geneticist associated with the study. In order to understand PCPs’ knowledge, attitudes, experiences and willingness to disclose results we mailed paper surveys to the first 501 primary care providers (PCPs) in New York, Boston, Los Angeles and Philadelphia who were nominated by study participants to disclose their BRCA1/2 mutation results obtained through the study. We used alternating assignment stratified by city to assign the first 303 clinicians to receive a $50 up-front incentive as a cash card (N = 155) or check (N = 148). The cash card required PCPs to send an activation email in order to be used. We compared response rates by incentive type, adjusting for PCP characteristics and study site. Results In unadjusted analyses, PCPs who received checks were more likely to respond to the survey than those who received cash cards (54.1% versus 41.9%, p = 0.046); this remained true when we adjusted for provider characteristics (OR for checks 1.61, 95% CI 1.01, 2.59). No other clinician characteristics had a statistically significant association with response rates in adjusted analyses. When we included an interaction term for incentive type and city, the favorable impact of checks on response rates was evident only in Los Angeles and Philadelphia. Conclusions An up-front cash card incentive requiring email activation may be less effective in eliciting clinician responses than up-front checks. However, the benefit of checks for clinician response rates may depend on clinicians’ geographic location. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03351803), November 24, 2017.

The aim of the study is to assess the attitude towards online shopping of the Urban. In this study, we have focused on only the attitude of youths towards online shopping as there were limited past studies on the youth segment. The study was conducted on the age bracket 18-35 who are generally the primary and secondary target market of the online shops. An organized and adaptive survey was conducted on 119 respondents, where convenience sampling was used. The study reveals most of the people visit online sites couple of times a week. Most of the people want to buy products up to BDT 4,000 but are willing to buy products up to BDT 5000 for branded products. So, there is a huge potential for branded products. There are more mobile banking users than bank card holders. Therefore, mobile banking can add new doors for online shopping. Most popular online products are clothing, food & beverage, mobile accessories, electronic goods and beauty products. The major distress appears to be that products delivered do not match product shown in the online shop and product’s quality. People would prefer to physically examine the products before buying it online. The study also reveals previous online buying experience and online reviews have a high influence on online buying behavior. From the study we found people think online shopping is trustworthy. Though people find online shopping convenient and think price is cheaper online but there are room for improvement.

BackgroundCentral line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are major contributors to preventable harm in the inpatient paediatric setting. Despite multiple guidelines to reduce CLABSI, sustaining reliable central line maintenance bundle compliance remains elusive. We identified frontline and family engagement as key drivers for this initiative. The baseline CLABSI rate for all our paediatric inpatient units (January 2016–January 2017) was 1.71/1000 central line days with maintenance bundle compliance at 87.9% (monthly range 44%–100%).ObjectiveTo reduce CLABSI by increasing central line maintenance bundle compliance to greater than 90% using kamishibai card (K-card) audits and family ‘key card’ education.MethodsWe transitioned our central line maintenance bundle audits from checklists to directly observed K-card audits. K-cards list the central line maintenance bundle elements to be reviewed with frontline staff. Key cards are cue cards developed using a plain-language summary of CLABSI K-cards and used by frontline staff to educate families. Key cards were distributed to families of children with central lines to simultaneously engage patients, families and frontline staff after a successful implementation of the K-card audit process. A survey was used to obtain feedback from families.ResultsIn the postintervention period (February 2017–December 2019), our CLABSI rate was 0.63/1000 central line days, and maintenance bundle compliance improved to 97.1% (monthly range 86%–100%, pConclusionCombining the key card programme with K-card audits was associated with improved maintenance bundle compliance and a reduction in CLABSI. This programme has the potential for use in multiple healthcare improvement initiatives.

Since the imposition of sanctions on the Republic of Iran, no international payment system has been established in the country. As a result, Iran implemented a solution to the described problems without attracting external assistance, in particular, the Shetab payment system was created and its connection to ATM networks in Bahrain, Qatar, the UAE and Kuwait was implemented. Iran also introduced the Shetab Bank card system, which is extended to Armenia and Turkey. The impact of bilateral payment system on economic growth and increase in cash turnover between two countries, during the period of economic sanctions, has been considered in the article.

Writing aims to find out the effort to resolve disputes for Tap Cash BNI card users who have failed to top up, which results in losses to consumers. The focus of the problem is how to resolve disputes between the banks as Tap Cash card issuers and consumers of electronic money users. This research begins by reviewing various laws and regulations which form the basis of legal protection for card users, for this reason, it is used normative juridical research, by reviewing the applicable laws and regulations. the author also uses the concept of the rule of law which is obliged to provide legal guarantees. In the matter of efforts to resolve disputes for consumers using the BNI Tap Cash card, the concept of legal protection also applies based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and Financial Services Authority Regulation Number: 1 / POJK.07 / 2013 concerning Consumer Protection of the Financial Services Sector. Analysis of legal materials used is the analysis of legal materials with a deductive method which is a research method based on general concepts to provide concrete explanations of specific legal issues, data is collected through seminars, articles, and interviews and analyzed qualitatively. Based on the results of research conducted on the problem, it was found several forms of settlement efforts provided by the BNI bank namely the resolution of disputes outside the court and the resolution of disputes through the court.

Banking cards, including credit cards, debit card, pre-paid debit cards and ATM cards, have become the primary payment method in online transactions. However, this popularity boosted the Card-not-present (CNP) fraud victimization. Despite numerous studies exploring technological solutions to prevent CNP fraud, there is a shortage of theoretically informed research exploring the online lifestyle correlates of CNP. This study, which utilizes the dataset of Crime Survey for England and Wales 2014/2015, addresses this gap in the literature. Routine Activities Theory was used as the theoretical and conceptual framework in this present study. Bivariate and multivariate analyses results suggested that home users’ online lifestyle increases the risk of becoming a victim of CNP fraud. Buying goods or services, accessing online government services and online communication (email/instant messaging and chat rooms) emerged as risk factors. Illustrating the impact of technological vulnerabilities (mobile phones and public access computers) on the risk of CNP fraud victimization was another novel contribution of this study. Additionally, personal guardianship measures, using complex passwords and different passwords, emerged as predictors of victimization. These results provide valuable implications for situational crime prevention efforts. Practical and theoretical implications of this study are further discussed.

This paper attempts to investigate the ownership and usability of debit and credit cards in Kosovo focusing on two demographic variables: the gender and age of the bank's clients. For research purposes, the Central Bank of Kosovo (CBK) data are used for two consecutive years: 2015 and 2016. The comparative method is used to compare the clients’ behavior on the choice of the method to conduct payment and the usage of credit and debit cards in Kosovo banks for two consecutive years 2015 and 2016 based on the gender and age of bank clients. The results show that there is a gender gap, as debit and credit cards are owned and used more by males than females in all age groups and payment types. Whereas, for the variable age, the results show that both debit and credit cards are mostly used by customers aged 25-35 years followed by those 18-25 years. Based on the results of the paper, conclusions were drawn and some suggestions were given. We suggest that banks should do more to enhance the ownership and usage of debit and credit cards by females and elderly clients. Regarding the variable gender, we suggest that banks should offer credit and bonus cards with preferential rates to female entrepreneurs considering the very small number of female entrepreneurs to boost female entrepreneurship and decrease female unemployment in Kosovo.

The technique and technology of payment settlement systems has completed an enormous journey from the 18th century to modern times. Nowadays, we have gone from bilateral settlements to global payment systems. Numerous payment options are available to us, from paper based settlements to mobile wallets. In my study, I am primarily tracking the development of the technology on the basis of the payment systems of the USA, introducing the primary open and closed loop systems, as well as the changing customer needs which have brought the bank card and Bitcoin to life.

With mobile payments popular around the world, payers can conduct a payment anytime and anywhere. While providing great convenience, mobile payment also brings many payment security issues. This paper is the first comprehensive review of secure mobile payment. We classify the mobile payment into TPC (third-party payment company)-led mobile payment and Bank-led mobile payment, and based on this, summarize the system structure of mobile payment. Then we discuss the mobile payment security technology framework from Tokenization, PAN (bank card primary account number) binding, and Secure Payment Authentication, respectively. Besides, this paper introduces secure technologies(hardware and software) used in these procedures, discusses and analyzes the security issues that they have been encountered, summarise open issues, and proposes future development directions. In the end, we give the discussion and comparison of popular and representative mobile payment applications, including Alipay, Wechat Pay, Apple Pay, Samsung Pay, and Google Pay.

Toby has 26 years’ experience of working with people with severe mental health problems, and expertise in the fields of mental health in later life, dementia, and mental capacity, with an empha- sis on self-management, peer support, quality of life, rights, social inclusion and empowerment. Toby has written articles on values-based practice (VBP), co-authored a book on values-based prac- tice and mental health and mental capacity law for psychiatric nurses, produced VBP ‘key card’ information for the social care workforce throu- gh Skills for Care and is currently co-authoring a book on VBP and dementia. He is also a part time lecturer on a Masters course in dementia care at the University of West London (UWL). werment. Toby has written articles on values-based practice (VBP), co-authored a book on values-based prac- tice and mental health and mental capacity law for psychiatric nurses, produced VBP ‘key card’ information for the social care workforce throu- gh Skills for Care and is currently co-authoring a book on VBP and dementia. He is also a part time lecturer on a Masters course in dementia care at the University of West London (UWL).

Based on a representative sample, the study examines how regional variables and variables related to settlement type as well as demographic (gender, age), social (qualifications, income) and labour market characteristics (unemployment, public sector) and individual preferences (risk-taking and patience) are correlated with the fact that the respondent has a bank account or bank card or not. The authors find that having a bank account or bank card is not influenced by whether someone works in the public sector or not or by the individual’s gender, while the effect of the preferences depends on the financial service. The impact of the other variables (age, education, income, unemployment) is in line with expectations and is significant separately as well as if they are taken into account simultaneously. The analysis shows that regional impacts and ones related to settlement type are also significant.

Many of today’s daily transactions are conducted with the assistance of advanced “slim wallet” technologies. Due to the need to update innovations on a regular basis, they need to be frequently improved. The advent of new technologies at the turn of the century brought about the complete entanglement of a few pivotal inventions (such as the bank card). However, owing to the increased use of bank cards, there are some flaws to be found. In this scheme, singles attempt to forge payments. Card fraud is projected to cost the world Rs 74.26 billion in 2019. Thus, to find a solution to this problem, people around the world have begun looking for ways to spot suspicious transactions. We are attempting to fix this problem using dynamic flaws in machine learning.

Purpose The paper aims to explore reasons for choosing different payment instruments and pain points from using them in a Russian context. It proposes that given the expansion of the range of personal payment instruments, the choice for payment is now influenced by many factors, including the type of financial provider and potential benefits for consumers. Design/methodology/approach This paper is an exploratory study that uses data from the qualitative research conducted in three Russian cities (Moscow, Yekaterinburg and Saratov) based on 50 online payment diaries and 12 group discussions. It was complemented by the analysis of consumers’ posts on six relevant media platforms. Findings The results show that a bank card is a new must and people choose it for convenience, safety and access to online purchases inside and outside Russia. Cash is used out of habit or wherever cashless payments are either not free or unavailable. Reasons for smartphone pass-through wallet usage include speed, attribute of style and higher cashbacks. Research limitations/implications The limitations of the study are similar to any qualitative research and include, in particular, lack of generalization. Proposed hypotheses might be further tested quantitatively on a representative sample. Practical implications The results might help providers of financial services in creating better quality products that address consumer pain points and in developing strategies that allow for the changing preferences of consumers. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first such study to consider reasons for choosing and pain points from using certain payment instruments in the emerging markets, in particular, Russia.

Technological developments have touched aspects of life, including the economic sector of the banking sector. Along with advances in financial technology, commercial transactions continue to experience changes in the pattern and payment system (payment), which influences facilitate the reach of the public with bank financial products. Currently, the role of cash payments has begun to be shifted to technology advances. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of non-cash fees (Debit / ATM Cards, Credit Cards, E-Money, Clearing, RTGS) on the economy and demand for cash in Indonesian society. This study uses Bank Indonesia (BI) and the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The research data used is quarterly time data with 2013 sample time: 1 to 2018: 4. The data analysis technique used is the Error Correction Model (ECM) and Trend Analysis. The study results show that non-cash payments (Debit / ATM Cards, Credit Cards, E-Money, Clearing, RTGS) have a positive effect on the economy and demand for cash in Indonesian society.

Graphic design defines the design of communications as the art, practice, design and presentation of ideas and experiences using visual and textual content. The design can be physical or visual and can include images, words or drawings. The advertisement affects the recipient for a moment or over a long period of time. For the difference of purpose, whether commercial or educational, cultural or political, and may use the designer of more than one purpose in the same design The current research consists of two chapters Chapter I problem of research and need It started the problem of the current research through the following question: Designs to advertise The current research aims to identify the marketing of smart card advertising, as well as the detection of the semantic concepts employed in it, while the current research determines: Objectively: the semantic concepts of marketing advertising, in 2017-2018, and spatially: Advertising Marketing of Key Card in Iraq, and in the second chapter on three researchers: the first topic: the significance in the commercial advertising and the second topic commercial advertising and digital design, and the third topic: advertising marketing The researcher is a descriptive analytical method for the analysis of a five-digit sample of digital ads for Key Card, and analyzed them to reach the most important research techniques: Use the image as a means of achieving meaning through the use of socially agreed-upon images. The type of significance you use in advertising varies. Companies operations delay immediately. The world is paying increasing attention to the digital design of its economic resources

To keep the information, secure from various contenders is an important factor for data security. For any organization, it is an incredibly important feature to timely transmit secured data. Optimized techniques for key management and protected encryption algorithms are always helpful for reducing the overhead of the system and maintain the integrity, authentication and confidentiality of data. Cryptographic applications play an important role in our daily lives through sending emails, exchanging bank account transaction information, through mobile communication and through ATM card transaction. To secure our information from unauthorized users, Hill Cipher is one of the most well-known symmetric cryptosystems. For Hill Cipher, here we are proposed an algorithm for encryption and decryption which is based upon the transposition, substitution and left-right shift.

Due to the rise and rapid growth of E commerce the use ATM cards has drastically increased which caused an explosion in the ATM card frauds. In real life fraudulent transaction are scattered with genuine transactions Hence simple pattern matching techniques, for instance Personal Identification Number PIN are not enough to detect these frauds accurately. Implementation of efficient fraud detection system has become imperative to reduce people loss. Our project aims to prevent the use of ATM cards without the authorization of owner or card holder. At present the card can be accessed if the PIN is known. The amount withdrawn or transferred is notified by the card holder only after complete transaction .Hence the process can't be retrieved. But the project intimates the card owner before the transaction begins even if the PIN is known. This is limited only to card transaction and not to online mode. Hence the verification can be extended to online process. Poornima D | Preethi Mariam Oommen P | Nirmala Devi K "Authenticated Access of ATM Cards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23330.pdf

The purpose of this paper is to reinforce security of the conventional ATM model. We have developed a new concept that enhances the overall experience, usability and convenience of the transaction at the ATM. Features like face recognition and One-Time Password (OTP) are used for the enhancement of security of accounts and privacy of users. Face recognition technology helps the machine to identify each and every user uniquely thus making face as a key. This completely eliminates the chances of fraud due to theft and duplicity of the ATM cards.

ATM card fraud is increasing gradually with the expansion of modern technology and global communication. In the whole world, it is resulting in the loss of billions of dollars each year. Fraud detection systems have become essential for all ATM card issuing banks to minimize their losses. The main goals are, firstly, to review alternative techniques that have been used in fraud detection and secondly compare and analyze these techniques that are already used in ATM card fraud detection. Recently different card security systems used different fraud detection techniques; these techniques are based on neural network, genetic algorithm, hidden Markov model, Bayesian network, decision tree, clustering method, support vector machine, etc. According to our survey, the most important parameters used for comparing these fraud detection systems are accuracy, speed and cost of fraud detection. This study is very useful for any ATM card provider to choose an appropriate solution for fraud detection problem and also enable us to build a hybrid approach for developing some effective algorithms which can perform properly on fraud detection mechanism.

With the popularity of online transactions and big data platforms, bank card digital recognition can save people from manually entering a long list of card numbers. Traditional optical way and machine learning methods have low identification accuracy and are susceptible to background environment interference. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a bank card number recognition method, which is a cooperation of convolutional neural network and character positioning. Firstly, various bank card pictures shot from different angles are collected as our input data; then EAST network algorithm is used to realize character positioning; finally, the image after character positioning segmentation is input into the convolutional neural network and vgg16 is used for transfer learning to realize card number recognition. Experimental results show that this method has better recognition accuracy and robustness.

This study is based on the transformation of the distribution of cash social assistance into non-cash in the City of Tegal. The non-cash distribution is by using a banking account that has a combo card facility, which is a multi-function card that can be used as an ATM card as well as disbursement of social assistance. There is a slice of the objectives of the non-cash transaction referred to as an alternative to accelerate the increase in financial inclusion of the Indonesian population as stated in the National Strategy for Financial Inclusion with the financial inclusion index indicator. This study aims to determine the impact of the transformation of the distribution of social assistance on financial inclusion in Tegal City and the welfare of beneficiary families (KPM). Primary data were collected from questionnaires that have been filled in by KPM and secondary data were obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics and the Representative Office of Bank Indonesia Tegal. The analytical tool used is a quantitative approach to KPM's response to the distribution of non-cash social assistance. As supporting data, in the problem of financial inclusion, analysis tools are used by qualitatively comparing financial inclusion that is generated as a result of the implementation of the distribution of non-cash social assistance to existing financial inclusion. The analysis shows that the acceptance and perception of KPM supports the transformation of non-cash social assistance distribution, this is supported by KPM's interest in using combo cards as a means of saving. On the other hand, the transformation of the distribution of social assistance to non-cash contributes to financial inclusion in the city of Tegal, namely the Agent Laku Pandai (LKD) contributing 75.20% to banking financial services in Tegal City. From the 4 Welfare Indicator Classifications, it is found that the welfare of KPM has experienced changes in welfare after receiving non-cash social assistance and has improved the welfare of the beneficiary community (KPM).Keywords : Non-Cash Social Assistance, PKH, BPNT