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The science curriculum aims to provide students with the identity of a researcher, thinking skills, and scientific process skills. Critical thinking skill emerges as one of the skills that should be emphasized in the teaching process in terms of its structural features and the qualities aimed to be given to individuals. For individuals to gain critical thinking skills, they must first gain critical thinking standards. The main purpose of this research is to examine the activities in the "Solar System and Eclipses" unit in the sixth-grade science textbook in terms of critical thinking standards. The qualitative research model was used in the research. The data source of the research is the sixth-grade science textbook used in the province of Isparta. The data of the research were collected using the document analysis method. In the analysis of the data, the analysis was made by applying the descriptive analysis method, one of the qualitative data analyses. In line with the analysis, in terms of critical thinking standards, the secondary school sixth-grade science textbook has been determined to meet the standards of clarity, accuracy, significance/relevance, sufficiency, breadth/depth, and precision at a high rate. Based on the research results, suggestions have been developed that textbooks from different disciplines should be examined in line with critical thinking standards and that the activities of different grade-level units in the science curriculum should be examined in terms of critical thinking standards.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cooperative learning on the digital literacy self-efficacy, technopedagogical education competence, and 21st-century skills competence perceptions of prospective teachers based on the flipped classroom model. The research used an experimental pattern with pretest-posttest and a control group, which is one of the semi-experimental models. The participants were 68 prospective science teachers studying at the 2nd and 3rd grades at a public university in the 2019-2020 academic year. Three scales were used to develop the data collection tool for the study: a Digital Literacy Self-Efficacy Scale; a Technopedagogical Education Competence Scale, and a 21st-Century Skills Competence Perception Scale. The results showed that a cooperative learning model and a flipped classroom model were both significantly effective in developing the pre-service teachers' skills. However, this study showed that cooperative learning used in conjunction with the flipped classroom model was more effective than the cooperative learning model used alone. It is recommended that technology-based student-centered models be used in teacher training programs.

Educational beliefs influence teachers' designing teaching environment, teaching methods and techniques they apply in the classroom, the strategies they use in classroom management and the measurement-evaluation tools they prefer. In this regard, teachers' educational beliefs can be said to affect their curriculum design orientations. Curricula play a significant role in raising individuals within a country. Hence, teachers' educational beliefs also have an impact on raising students. This study sheds light on whether there is a relationship between primary school teachers' educational beliefs and their curriculum design orientation preferences and whether their education beliefs predict curriculum design orientation preferences. One of the survey models used in this study was the correlational survey model. The stratified sampling approach was used to select 515 primary school teachers for the study. The "Educational Beliefs Scale" and the "Curriculum Design Orientation Preference Scale" were used to collect data for the study. Correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used during data analysis. The findings revealed a medium and low level relationship between the primary school teachers' education beliefs and their curriculum design orientation preferences. Also, the results showed that the modern education philosophies that primary school teachers adopted, such as progressivism, reconstructionism, and existentialism, could be used to predict their preferences for designing curricula around students and problems. In contrast, traditional education philosophies, perennialism and essentialism, were identified to predict the subject-centered curriculum design orientation preferences. Based on the research findings, various recommendations were provided.

This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between prospective teachers' beliefs about the need for multicultural education and their self-efficacy perceptions about multicultural education. Descriptive and correlational survey models were used in the research. The research sample composed of 251 prospective classroom and social sciences teachers at a state university in Turkey participated in the study. The research sample was obtained using the convenience sampling method. Data collection tools consisting of the Personal Information Form, Self-Efficacy Perceptions for Multicultural Education and Beliefs about the Necessity of Multicultural Education scales were used. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multivariate variance analysis and path model were used to analyse the research data. The findings show that prospective teachers have a high level of participation in their beliefs about the self-efficacy and necessity of multicultural education. In addition, there was no significant difference between prospective teachers' beliefs about the need for multicultural education and their self-efficacy perceptions of multicultural education in terms of gender and department. A moderate positive relationship was found between prospective teachers' beliefs regarding the necessity of multicultural education and their self-efficacy perceptions toward multicultural education. The prospective teachers' beliefs about the need for multicultural education significantly predicted multicultural education self-efficacy perceptions.

Technological tools have affected education just as all areas of life. Especially nowadays, technological tools are highly utilized in the effective regulation of the teaching-learning process. Web 2.0 tools are included among these technological tools. Web 2.0 tools are used in mothertongue instruction as well as in all disciplines. This study is an attempt to examine the experiences of teachers who use Web 2.0 tools in mother-tongue instruction. We used the phenomenological design, which is one of the qualitative research designs, in our study. We considered the criterion sampling method in determining the participants. As the data collection tool, we administered an interview form to the teachers. Since we could not hold face-to-face meetings during the COVID-19 Pandemic, we used online platforms to interview the participants. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. We analyzed our data through the MAXQDA qualitative data analysis program and presented the results in figures. One of the notable results of our study was that mother-tongue teachers used numerous and different Web 2.0 tools in mother-tongue instruction. Another significant result of our study was that Web 2.0 tools used by teachers made a major contribution to the development of reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. In addition, we concluded that the use of Web 2.0 tools in mother-tongue instruction had various contributions to both students and teachers.

This study aims at analyzing primary school teachers' classroom management styles in terms of some variables. The cross-sectional survey model, one of the survey types, was used in the current study. The target population of the study consisted of the primary school teachers working in Isparta. The sampling held a total of 515 primary school teachers who were selected by the stratified sampling method. This study deployed Classroom Management Styles Scale as a data collection tool. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used during data analysis. The findings indicated that primary school teachers had a high level of participation in authoritative and laissez free classroom management styles, and a medium level of participation in authoritarian and indifferent classroom management styles. The findings also revealed a significant difference across primary school teachers' authoritarian classroom management style in favor of male teachers and across authoritative style in favor of females. No significant difference was identified across teachers' classroom management styles in terms of their grade level to teach, seniority, school type, graduation faculty and educational status.

This research attempts to analyze the pre-service teachers' digital literacy self-efficacy in terms of various variables. The research used descriptive survey model, one of the survey models. The participants of the research consisted of 251 pre-service teachers learning at the departments of classroom teaching and social sciences teaching at a state university in Turkey. The participants were selected by convenience sampling method. The research employed Personal Information Form and Digital Literacy Self-Efficacy Scale as data collection tools. Descriptive statistical, t-test, one-way analysis of variance were used during data analysis. The research results revealed that the pre-service teachers' digital literacy self-efficacy levels significantly differed across their gender, department, the presence of computer and internet at home; whereas, no significant difference was identified across the pre-service teachers' digital literacy self-efficacy levels in terms of their class level, university entrance score type and the purposes of using technology.

This study aims to analyze the effect of the flipped classroom model on the pre-service social studies teachers' digital literacy and digital pedagogical competencies. The study employed one group pretest-posttest design, one of the weak experimental models. The working group of the study consisted of 28 sophomore studying at the department of social studies teaching in a Turkish state university during the 2019-2020 academic year. This study employed "Digital Literacy and Digital Pedagogic Competency Scales" as data collection tools. Descriptive statistics and multivariate variance analysis (MANOVA) were used during data analysis. The study results revealed that the flipped classroom model based activities had a significant impact upon the digital literacy and digital pedagogical competences of the participants. The study also examined whether there was a significant difference in pre-service teachers' pre-test and post-test scores with regards to gender. A significant difference was identified across the pre-service teachers' digital literacy post-test scores in favor of females. Based on the results, various recommendations were provided.

This study attempts to depict the secondary school eighth grade students' epistemological beliefs and their critical reading in terms of several variables and to examine the relationship between them. Descriptive and relational survey models were used within the scope of the study. The population of the study consisted of the secondary school eighth grade students studying in Istanbul. The participants were selected by convenience sampling method. The study deployed personal information form, scientific epistemological belief and critical reading scales. Descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and correlation analysis were used during data analysis. The study results concluded that the eighth grade students' epistemological beliefs and their critical reading levels were at a moderate level. While no significant difference was identified across the students' epistemological beliefs in terms of their gender, academic achievement, socio-economic level and book reading, a significant difference was noted across their critical reading levels in terms of gender, academic achievement and book reading, but that was not the case for their socio-economic level. The results of the research have useful implications for teachers. While teachers develop students' epistemological beliefs in the teaching environment, they will also develop their critical reading skills.

Today, technology integration has become an important issue in all educational levels since preschool. With the integration of technology in the implementation of the curriculum, the learning of the students becomes permanent and the teachinglearning process is carried out effectively and efficiently. In this regard, teachers need to be prone to technology integration and have these skills. They should gain experience in technology integration and technology integration in the training they receive before the service. Therefore, this study aims to examine the elementary prospective teachers' views on their experiences about digital storytelling. Phenomenology design was used in the research. The participants of the researcher consisted of 29 prospective teachers determined according to the principle of volunteering. A questionnaire form consisting of open-ended questions developed by the researchers was used as a data collection tool. The data were analysed through using descriptive analysis. Research findings revealed that prospective teachers had positive opinions about digital storytelling, they would use digital storytelling in life studies and Turkish lessons if they were assigned. Besides, digital storytelling was identified to have contributions to the students, they encountered some problems while preparing digital stories and they had some recommendations for these problems. Various recommendations were developed based on the research results.

Today, technology integration has become an important issue in the teaching-learning environment. Developed countries integrate technology into schools from pre-school education to higher education, adopting a student-centred approach in their curriculums. Turkey has embraced a constructivist approach to its curriculum since the academic year 2005, in which studies of the teaching-learning environment ushered in the integration of new technology. Despite this, few studies have been conducted on technology integration in higher education. One approach to this research explores the integration of technology in Turkey into the flipped classroom model by the higher education institution, a subject upon which there has not been a sufficient amount of qualitative research. For this reason, in this study, the opinions of elementary teacher candidates regarding their experiences with the flipped classroom model were examined. The research was designed according to phenomenological research design, one of the foremost qualitative research patterns. The participants of the research are teacher candidates studying at Süleyman Demirel University as classroom teachers. The research sample was determined according to the criterion sampling method. An opinion questionnaire about the flipped classroom was used as a data collection tool in the research. Content analysis, a qualitative analysis method, was used to analyse the data. From the research, it was concluded that teacher candidates have experience with the flipped classroom model, believe this model provides many contributions to them and have encountered various problems with the model, for which they have suggestions on how these can be fixed.

This research aims to explore the effectiveness of interdisciplinary education program based on multicultural education on the tolerance value, attitude and critical thinking skills of the fourth grade primary school students. Single group pre-posttest design has been used in the study. The research has been carried out with 30 fourth-grade students, at a primary school located within the district of Karakocan in Elazig during the 2015-2016 academic year. Among the participants, 15 are females and 15 are males. The research has employed Tolerance Attitude Scale developed by Kaptan-Yarar, tolerance value and critical thinking story tests and scoring rubrics. Descriptive statistics and dependent samples t-test have been used during data analysis. Research results have revealed a statistically significant difference between critical thinking scoring rubric, tolerance value scoring rubric and tolerance attitude scale pretest-posttest scores in favor of posttest. Based on these results, it can be said that the interdisciplinary curriculum developed based on multicultural education improves students' critical thinking skills, tolerance value and attitudes.

This research aims to examine the current situation of multicultural education in elementary schools. Therefore, the views of the classroom teachers on multicultural education have been examined and multicultural education activities have been observed in the classes. Having a case study research method which is considered as one of the qualitative research designs, the study hosts a total of 15 classroom teachers who worked in the province of Elazig during the 2016 and 2017 academic year. The maximum variation sampling method has been used in the research. The research has employed semi-structured interview and observation forms. The research data has been analyzed through content analysis. Research results have revealed that most of the teachers perceive multicultural education as education presented to the individuals with different ethnic identities. Teachers' perceptions towards multicultural education have been identified to be similar in terms of their gender, seniority and educational status. Teachers mostly do student-centred activities related to multicultural education, use drama and case studies in their classes. While practising multicultural education, teachers mostly encounter with student-related problems. The majority of the people have recommended that parents be trained on the relevant subject. Similar results have emerged in the observations made by the researcher. Based on the research findings, several recommendations have been provided. Primary school curricula should be organized taking multicultural education into consideration, and the problems identified by teachers should be eliminated by those concerned.

This research aims to explore secondary school students' views regarding basic democratic values in terms of several variables. The research has utilized the cross-sectional survey model, which is one of the descriptive survey models. The population of the research consists of secondary school students studying at schools located within the province of Elazig. The research sample holds a total of 440 secondary school students studying at secondary schools located within the province of Elazig during 2016-2017 academic year. The participants have been selected by stratified sampling method. This research has deployed personal information form and basic democratic values as data collection tools. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) have been used during data analysis. Research results have suggested that secondary school students have a "high" level of participation regarding basic democratic values scale. While a significant difference has been identified across the dimensions of the basic democratic values in terms of gender, class level, academic achievement and socio-economic levels of the schools, parents' educational status is free from any significant difference. Based upon the research findings, various recommendations have been provided. Future studies may be conducted on parents' views regarding basic democratic values. Basic democratic values adopted by the students studying at schools with different socio-economic levels should be sought through observations.

The aim of this study is to reveal the relationship between pre-service teachers' self-efficacy beliefs and preparedness to teach. In this context, the model of the research is the relational screening model. The sample of the study consisted of 407 fourth grade pre-service teachers who were studying in a state university. Data were collected using three types of data collection tools. These, personal information form, self-efficacy belief scale and being ready for teaching. In the analysis of the data, correlation analysis, descriptive and multiple linear regression analysis were used. As a result of the research, it was determined that the pre-service teachers' readiness and self-efficacy beliefs were high. In the study, it was found that there was a moderately significant and predictive relationship between the pre-service teachers' self-efficacy belief and preparedness to teach. Various suggestions have been made based on the results of the research.

Teaching programs based on contemporary learning-teaching approaches have been regulated since the 2005-2006 academic year in Turkey. Nevertheless, the researches conducted in Turkey suggested that teachers mostly use traditional teaching-learning approaches in their classroom activities. Therefore, this research aimed at enhancing the students' academic achievement through the use of argumentation and scenario based learning approaches among the contemporary teaching-learning approaches in order to guide teachers. Experimental design with pre-test and post-test control group was used in the present research. This research was conducted with 45 fourth grade primary school students. The research was conducted with two experimental groups and one control group. Activities related to argumentation-based teaching were administered to the experimental group 1, activities with scenario-based learning method for the experimental group 2, and those of the existing curriculum for the control group. The research deployed an academic achievement test based on the unit of "Let's Solve the Riddle of Our Body". Independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and covariance analysis (ANCOVA) were used during data analysis. Research results revealed that the academic achievement of the students was significantly influenced by the activities related to argumentation-based teaching and scenario-based learning method.

This study aims to reveal the direct and indirect effects of primary school teachers' educational philosophies on their digital literacy through resistance to change. A cross-sectional research design was used in the current study. Data were collected from 298 primary school teachers working at primary schools located in a city centre in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The relationships between the variables were tested through the use of the structural equation model. The study results indicated that the teachers' traditional and contemporary educational philosophies did not directly affect their digital literacy levels, but indirectly affected their resistance to change through the level of resistance to change. The results also suggested that teachers' traditional educational philosophies had a negative effect on their digital literacy levels through the mediating role of resistance to change, while the contemporary educational philosophies positively affected their digital literacy levels through resistance to change. Consequently, in recent conditions teachers are expected to develop both their own and students' digital skills. Due to the importance of digital literacy in this age where technology permeates every aspect of life, teachers should accept digital change and transformation without resistance.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the tendency to tolerance and helpfulness behavior in 4th grade primary school students. Relational screening model was used in the study. Simple random sampling method was used in the study. 265 students from the 4th grade of the primary school students have participated to the study. The data in the study were collected by using the scale of tolerance and the scale of helpfulness attitude. Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of the data Pearson product moments correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used in the analysis of data. As a result, it was found that a medium level significant relationship in the positive direction existed between the tolerance tendency scores and helpfulness attitude scores of fourth grade students, that the value belonging to tolerance displayed a significant relationship with acceptance and empathy sub-dimensions and that all three variables together explained 24% of the helpfulness attitude. This result has also revealed a predictive relationship between students' tendencies towards tolerance and helpfulness attitudes. Based upon the findings, following recommendations have been provided.

This research aims to explore the relationship between critical thinking skills and democratic attitudes of 4th class primary school students. The research used a relational screening model, which is one of the screening models. The sample consisted of 221 4th class students who were selected by the simple random sampling method. The study has employed the 'Critical Thinking Scale' and the 'Democratic Attitude Scale'. Descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), Pearson product-moment correlation analysis and simple linear regression analysis were used to analyse the data. The results have revealed that 4th class primary school students have a high level of critical thinking skills and democratic attitudes. No significant difference has been determined between students' critical thinking skills in terms of gender, while a significant difference has been identified for democratic attitudes in favour of female students. The results also have suggested a medium-level relationship between students' critical thinking skills and their democratic attitudes, and that critical thinking skills significantly predict democratic attitudes.

The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between prospective teachers' critical thinking dispositions and their educational philosophies. The research used relational screening model. The study hosts a total of 429 prospective teachers selected by the simple random sampling method. Research data has been collected through Critical Thinking Disposition Scale and Philosophy Preference Assessment Scale. The research's analysis utilized pearson product moment correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. The current study found that there is a positive significant relationship between the scores of prospective teachers' critical thinking dispositions and those of contemporary educational philosophy dimension of the philosophy preference assessment scale; in traditional educational philosophy dimension, there is a positive but insignificant relationship between the scores; moreover, the relationship between the dimensions of critical thinking disposition scale such as cognitive maturity, engagement and innovation and their contemporary educational philosophies have been found to be significant. These three dimensions explain 14% of the educational philosophies and there is not a significant correlation with the traditional educational philosophies.

Copyright of Journal of Mother Tongue Education / Ana Dili Egitim Dergisi is the property of Journal of Mother Tongue Education / Ana Dili Egitim Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This present study aims to describe the classroom teachers' views towards the conformity of elementary school 4th grade social studies textbooks to the critical thinking standards. A descriptive study, this research is a screening model. The sample of the study constitutes 122 classroom teachers. As a data collection tool; a scale was developed with a view to determining the compliance of elementary school 4th grade social studies textbooks with critical thinking standards. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) along with descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. Whether the conformity of elementary school 4th grade social studies textbooks to the critical thinking standards differ by gender was examined, it was found that the difference was statistically significant in favor of male teachers; moreover, it does not show a significant difference in terms of gender and seniority, gender and participation in-service training regarding the examination of textbooks, gender and participation in course/seminar on critical thinking, gender and faculties they graduated.

Problem Statement: Various research have been conducted investigating the quality and quantity of textbooks such as wording, content, design, visuality, physical properties, activities, methods and techniques, questions and experiments, events, misconceptions, organizations, pictures, text selection, end of unit questions and assessments, indexes and glossaries, scientific content, readability, suitability for the target age group, and the opinions of teachers and students about specific textbooks. A literature review identified that no research has been carried out on social studies textbooks that has analyzed these textbooks in accordance with the standards of critical thinking. Therefore it was determined that such a study needed to be performed. With this study, it is thought that the standards of critical thinking should be considered when preparing textbooks in order to draw the attention of the authors so that the quality of textbooks will increase. Purpose of the Study: The aim of the current study is to analyze the units "I am learning my past and the place where we live" in the primary education fourth grade social studies textbook, in accordance with the standards of critical thinking. Method: A qualitative research model was used in the study. Data was collected through document analysis. Themes were formed within the framework of critical thinking standards (i.e., clarity, accuracy, significance/relevance, sufficiency, breadth/depth, precision) regarding the social studies textbook. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data. Findings and Conclusion: According to the findings, the activities in the textbook meet critical thinking standards of clarity, accuracy, significance/relevance, sufficiency standards at a high rate, and partially meet the standards for breadth/depth and precision. Recommendations: Arranging the activities in social studies textbooks so as to develop critical thinking skills will contribute to the development of higher level thinking skills of the students, which is one of the main objectives of education. The quality of education will improve provided that social studies textbooks are prepared according to the standards of critical thinking. Textbooks should be meticulously prepared by publishers. The preparation of social studies textbooks not only by the experts but also by other experts (e.g., program development specialist, field specialists from university, branch teachers, educational psychologists, etc.) to facilitate student acquisition of critical thinking skills within the context of modern education mentality along with performing pilot scheme will contribute to the improvement and advance in education.

Copyright of Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences / Kafkas Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, Kafkas Tip Bilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences is the property of Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anadolu University Journal of Education Faculty (AUJEF) is the property of Anadolu Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Sugary drink and junk food consumption increases during the withdrawal period, leading to subsequent psychological and metabolic alterations. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the relationship of sucrose consumption with serum insulin levels, leptin levels, brain Dopamine-2 receptor (D2R) expression, food consumption, and anxiety-depression findings in morphine-withdrawal rats. METHODS: Thirty-six male Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups: Control, sucrose-free, 5% sucrose, 10% sucrose, 20% sucrose, and an addiction test. Saline was intraperitoneally injected to the control group, and morphine was intraperitoneally injected to the other groups for 14 days. After 14 days, naloxone was administered to the addiction test group, and addiction symptoms were observed and this group was sacrificed on the same day. Other groups were fed ad libitum with different concentrations of sucrose solution for one week. Behavioral parameters were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Leptin and insulin concentrations in serum and D2R levels in brain tissues were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. D2R concentrations in brain tissues were evaluated utilizing immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: We observed decreased food consumption and increased fluid consumption in rats that consumed sucrose water during the withdrawal period. The level of depression and binge eating behavior was elevated in groups consuming sucrose, and the 10% sucrose group had the highest carbohydrate consumption and anxiety levels. In addition, the 10% sucrose group had the lowest brain D2R expression. The leptin level was highest in the 20% sucrose group. CONCLUSIONS: These results show the possible effects of sugary drinks consumed during the withdrawal period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) results from the systemic atherosclerotic process. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between plasma atherogenic index (AIP), a ratio of molar concentrations of triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol, and long-term outcomes after endovascular therapy (EVT) in patients with superficial femoral artery (SFA) stenosis. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 673 patients who underwent EVT for PAD in our tertiary center between January 2015 and December 2020. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the AIP value with the optimum cutoff value was determined as 0.576 to detect the presence of major adverse limb events (MALEs). Patients were divided into two groups according to low AIP (<0.576 as group 1) and high AIP (>0.576 as group 2). Results: Among the major endpoints, long-term restenosis rates were significantly higher in patients in the high-AIP group than in the low-AIP group (p <.001). The lower extremity amputation rate was not statistically significant between the two groups. All-cause mortality rate (54 (31.6) versus 117 (68.4), p <.001) was significantly higher in patients in the high-AIP group than in the low-AIP group. In addition, the MALE rate (94 (29.2) versus 218 (62.1), p <.001) was significantly higher in patients in the high-AIP group than in those in the low-AIP group. Conclusions: In conclusion, we found that AIP is a significant independent predictor of long-term MALE in patients who underwent EVT for SFA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hamidiye Medical Journal is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)