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WOS: 000361858600024, PubMed ID: 26558214, AIM: To investigate the oxidative stress status of the aqueous humor and serum of patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG) and to measure paraoxonase (PON) and arylesterase (ARE) levels. METHODS: A total of 78 patients were enrolled in the study, with 26 patients in each separate group. The patients were divided into three groups: the first group entailed PEX syndrome patients, while the second group consisted of patients with PEG and the third group involved patients with no additional systemic diseases, other than the diagnosis of cataract as control. Total oxidative stress (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), PON, and ARE levels in aqueous humor and serum were measured. RESULTS: TAC, PON and arylesterase levels in aqueous humor and serum of the PEX syndrome and PEG patients were significantly decreased compared with control group (P, Turkish Ophthalmology Society, This study was supported by the Turkish Ophthalmology Society and our study was presented as a poster in the 16th Afro-Asian Congress of Ophthalmology and the 5th Mediterranean Retina Meeting.

WOS: 000307853000008, PubMed ID: 22937503, AIM: To investigate the effects of bevacizumab and ranibizumab on corneal neovascularization in an alkali bum-induced model of corneal angiogenesis. METHODS: Fifteen Wistar-Albino rats were divided randomly into 3 groups after chemical cauterization of the cornea. The first group received a single dose of 0.1mL saline solution as a control group whereas second and third groups received a single dose of 2.5mg bevacizumab or 1mg ranibizumab by subconjunctival injection, respectively. After three weeks, the rat corneas were evaluated by biomicroscopy and corneal photographs were taken. The percentage of neovascularization area, length of the longest new vessel, corneal oedema and corneal opacity scores were assessed. RESULTS: The analysis of digital photographs showed that the percentage of neovascularization area to the total corneal area, the length of the longest new vessel, corneal oedema and opacity scores were significantly lower in both study groups compared to the control group (P

WOS: 000289913400017, PubMed ID: 22553640, AIM: To evalaute the effect of fixed-combination latanoprost 0.005% /timolol maleate 0.5% and dorzolamide hydrochloride 2% /timolol maleate 0.5% on postoperative intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification cataract surgery. METHODS: This study is a prospective, randomized, double-masked and placebo-controlled. The study included 90 eyes of 90 patients which were scheduled to have phacoemulsification surgery. Patients were randomly assigned preoperatively to 1 of 3 groups (30 eyes of 30 patients). Two hour before surgery, the patients received one drop latanoprost/timolol (group 1), dorzolamide/timolol (group 2) and placebo (group 3, control group). The IOPs were measured at preoperative and postoperative 4, 8, and 24 hours. RESULTS: The preoperative mean intraocular pressure was not statistically significant between both drug groups and control group. In group 1 and 2, the postoperative mean TOP [group1: (14.03 +/- 3.15)mmHg and group 2: (14.16 +/- 4.43) mmHg] at 24 hours were significantly lower than the control group [(16.93 +/- 3.70)mmHg, (P < 0.05)]. In addition, the postoperative mean IOP of group 1 [(14.90? .69)mmHg] at 8 hours was significantly lower than the control group [(17.70 +/- 3.89)mmHg, (P < 0.05)], but there was no significant difference between group 2 [(16.16 +/- 5.23)mmHg] and control group at 8 hours (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: When compared with placebo, the use of preoperative fixed combination of latanoprost/timolol and dorzolamide/timolol is an effective method for preventing intraocular pressure elevation in 24 hours after phacoemulsification surgery, but did not completely prevent TOP spikes.

BackgroundIn this study, a series of compounds - miltefosine, polyhexamethylene biguanide, chlorhexidine and propamidine isethionate - and combinations of the latter three agents with miltefosine were prepared and used in a rat model for the topical treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis.

Romatizmal hastalıklar kas iskelet sistemi ile birlikte farklı organ ve sistem tutulumuna se- bep olabilmektedir. Hastaların bir kısmı kas iskelet semptomlarından önce akciğer, böbrek, göz gibi diğer organ ya da sistem tutulumlarına ait şikayetler ile kliniklere başvurabilirler. Göz tutulumu, hastalığın ilk belirtisi olabileceği gibi hastalığın seyrinde de gelişebilir. Ro- matizmal hastalıklar gözün tüm tabakalarını tutabilir. Basit bir konjonktivit tablosundan görmenin kaybına kadar geniş bir yelpazede göz tutulumu olmaktadır. Bu hastalıklarda üveit, keratit, episklerit, sklerit ve anterior iskemik optik nöropati gibi oküler inflamasyon bulguları görülmektedir. Hastalığın uygun tedavisi ile bu tutulumların önüne geçilebilmek- tedir. Ancak tedavide kullanılan ilaçların oküler ve sistemik toksik etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle tanı anından itibaren tedavi ve takip sürecinde, romatolog ve göz hekimlerinin koordineli çalışması gereklidir.Anahtar kelimeler: Romatizmal hastalıklar, Üveit, SkleritABSTRACTRheumatic diseases may lead to involvement of different organ systems other than the musculoskeletal system . Some patients may apply to the clinics with the complaints about the other systems like lung, kidney and eye, even before the musculoskeletal symptoms have appeared. Eye involvement may be the first symptom or it could develop in the course of the disease. Rheumatic diseases may involve all layers of the eye and result in a broad spectrum of vision disorders, from a simple conjunctivitis to complete loss of sight. Patients may have ocular inflammatory findings such as uveitis, scleritis or ceratitis. Both the rheumatic diseases and the drugs used for ocular involvement have ocular or systemic adverse effects. The eye involvement of the disease can be avoided with proper treatment . However, the drugs used in the treatment have ocular and systemic toxic effects by themselves . Therefore, the rheumatologists and ophtalmalogists should work in coordination both on treatment and follow-up process right after the moment of diagnosis.Keywords: Rheumatic diseases, Uveitis, Scleritis, Rheumatic diseases may lead to involvement of different organ systems other than the musculoskeletal system . Some patients may apply to the clinics with the complaints about the other systems like lung, kidney and eye, even before the musculoskeletal symptoms have appeared. Eye involvement may be the first symptom or it could develop in the course of the disease. Rheumatic diseases may involve all layers of the eye and result in a broad spectrum of vision disorders, from a simple conjunctivitis to complete loss of sight. Patients may have ocular inflammatory findings such as uveitis, scleritis or ceratitis. Both the rheumatic diseases and the drugs used for ocular involvement have ocular or systemic adverse effects. The eye involvement of the disease can be avoided with proper treatment . However, the drugs used in the treatment have ocular and systemic toxic effects by themselves . Therefore, the rheumatologists and ophtalmalogists should work in coordination both on treatment and follow-up process right after the moment of diagnosis

ÖZET Bu çalışmada sefazolin ve vankomisinin serum fizyolojik ve suni gözyaşı ile hazırlanan güçlendirilmiş topikal formları ile gentamisin ile tobramisinin to- pikal oftalmik preparatlarına parenteral preparatlann eklenmesi ile elde edilen güçlendirilmiş topikal formlarının, +4°C ve +24°C'de saklanan örneklerinin, 4 haftalık çalışma süresi içinde etkinliği, stabilitesi, kontamine olup olmadığı araştırıldı. Farklı çözücü ve farklı saklama ısısının etkinlik ve stabilite üzerine etkileri değerlendirildi. Minimum bakterisid konsantrasyon yöntemi ile ölçülen antibakteriyel etkinlikte sefazolin (33.3 mg/ml) ve vankomisinin (31.2 mg/ml) S.aureus'a karşı, tobramisinin (13.5 mg/ml) ise P.aeruginosa'ya karşı azalma saptanmadı. Genta- misinin P. aeruginosa'ya karşı etkinliğinin 21. günden sonra anlamlı oranda düştüğü saptandı (p

WOS: 000378756700001, PubMed ID: 27403338, Purpose. To compare the macular and peripapillary choroidal thickness in eyes with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome and PEX glaucoma with the normal eyes of healthy controls. Materials and Methods. In this prospective study, 30 eyes of 30 patients with PEX syndrome, 28 eyes of 28 patients with PEX glaucoma, and 30 eyes of 30 age-matched healthy subjects were enrolled. Choroidal thicknesses in the macular and peripapillary areas were measured by using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Results. Gender, age, and axial length did not significantly differ between the groups (all, p > 0.05). The mean values of choroidal thickness in the macular and peripapillary areas (except the superior quadrant) in the patients with PEX syndrome and PEX glaucoma were lower compared with controls (all p < 0.05). The mean values of the macular and peripapillary choroidal thickness in the PEX glaucoma group were lower compared with PEX syndrome group; however this difference was not significant. Conclusions. The findings of this study revealed that macular and peripapillary choroidal thicknesses were decreased in PEX syndrome and PEX glaucoma cases. The role of choroid in the development of glaucomatous damage in patients with PEX syndrome remains unclear.

WOS: 000363047300083, PubMed ID: 25633622, Purpose: To evaluate the association between neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the development of retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Methods: Forty patients were included in the study. Forty age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group. The RVO diagnosis was made clinically, based on the findings of fundus examination. The NLR and file records of the patients and the control group were compared. Results: The mean age of patients was 64 +/- 12 years. Neutrophil levels were higher in RVO patients compared to the control subjects (5.1 +/- 1.9 vs 3.6 +/- 1.0, p 1.89, with 72.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Conclusions: The current study demonstrated that higher NLR was associated with the development of RVO. The NLR may be used as a predictive tool for identifying risk for RVO.

WOS: 000394159800017, PubMed ID: 27113057, The aim of this study was to investigate the mean platelet volume (MPV) of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). Thirty patients were included in the study. Thirty healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group. All patients and control subjects underwent complete ocular examination. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet count, and MPV of the participants were recorded. Data of patients with CSCR were compared with the control subjects. Patients with CSCR had significantly higher MPV values (9.76 +/- 1.36 fL) compared with the control subjects (8.37 +/- 0.72 fL) (p = 0.004). No significant difference was found in platelet counts between the CSCR group and the control group (259 +/- 53.75 and 243 +/- 52.11 K/Ul, p = 0.253). According to the receiver operator characteristics curve analysis, the optimal cut-off value of MPV to predict the CSCR was > 9.4, with 60.0 % sensitivity and 93.3 % specificity. Our results demonstrated that the MPV values were significantly higher in patients with CSCR. MPV may be used as a predictive tool for identifying risk for CSCR.

WOS: 000332830200010, PubMed ID: 23787455, Purpose: In this study, we aimed to investigate the apoptotic effects of topical antiglaucoma medications on the conjunctival epithelium. Methods: A total of 65 patients were included in the study. Thirty patients were included in the first group who had received antiglaucomatous therapy before trabeculectomy. In the second group, 20 patients who had received no drugs before trabeculectomy were included, while the third group underwent only cataract surgery as control. During the surgery, 2 x 4 mm conjunctival samples were harvested from the upper bulbar conjunctiva. The mean apoptosis rate was calculated by determining apoptosis at conjunctival epithelium using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. Results: The mean apoptosis rate was 0.537 +/- 0.369 (0.026 +/- 0.962) in group 1, 0.139 +/- 0.162 (0.005 +/- 0.676) in group 2, and 0.078 +/- 0.035 (0.035 +/- 0.142) in the control group (group 3). The mean apoptosis rate was significantly higher in the first group than the other 2 groups (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Apoptotic effects of topical antiglaucoma drugs on the conjunctival epithelial cells were found. However, our results revealed that the number of medications, duration of medication, and type of glaucoma had no effect on the apoptotic effect., Scientific Research Project Fund of Cumhuriyet University (Sivas, Turkey) [T-323], Supported by the Scientific Research Project Fund of Cumhuriyet University under the project number T-323 (Sivas, Turkey).

WOS: 000255628200013, PubMed ID: 18286299, Background To examine the effects of central corneal thickness on the measures obtained from transpalpebral tonometry (Diaton), and to identify correlations between intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements with Diaton and the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT). Methods In this cross-sectional study, 162 eyes of 81 participants were included. Intraocular pressure measurements were obtained in all patients using Diaton and GAT. Central corneal thickness was determined by ultrasound pachymetry. The participants were stratified by corneal thickness: group I < 530 mu m (n=56), group II 530-560 mu m (n=65), and group III > 560 mu m (n=41). Results There were moderate correlations between IOP readings obtained using the Diaton and corrected GAT (C-GAT) (r=0.303; P < 0.0001), and between corrected Diaton (C-Diaton), and C-GAT (r=0.399; P0.0001). The mean Diaton tonometer readings were lower than C-GAT measurements (Diaton-corrected GAT mean difference, 0.9 +/- 3.8 mmHg; c-Diaton-corrected GAT mean difference, 0.7 +/- 3.5 mmHg). Differences were detected between the groups of patients for the GAT values [2.4 +/- 3.6 mmHg for those with the thinnest corneas (< 530 mu m), 0.7 +/- 3.6 mmHg for those with moderate corneas (between 531 mu m and 560 mu m), and -0.6 +/- 3.6 mmHg for those with the thickest (> 560 mu m) corneas], whereas a significantly lower difference (0.9 +/- 3.8 mmHg) was noted for the Diaton values of all individuals. Conclusions The Diaton measurements show moderate correlation with those provided by applanation tonometry. The Diaton tonometer seems to be more affected by the corneal thickness, especially in the thinnest corneas.

WOS: 000372258400009, PubMed ID: 26220809, Purpose: To measure inner and outer retinal thickness with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients in whom intravitreal ranibizumab was administered due to diabetic macular edema (DME) and to investigate its relation to the visual prognosis. Methods: In this retrospective case series, there were 60 consecutive eyes with DME in which intravitreal ranibizumab injection was performed for 3 times in 1-month intervals. All patients underwent full ophthalmic examination and spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT). The total retinal thickness, the inner thickness, and the outer thickness in 4 parafoveal subfields were measured. The correlation between the retinal thickness and logMAR best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was investigated. Results: No significant correlation was found between the total retinal thickness in the central and other subfields and either the baseline or final visit logMAR BCVA values (p>0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the final visit logMAR BCVA values and pretreatment inner retinal thickness in the nasal and inferior subfields (r = 0.270, p = 0.037, and r = 0.410, p = 0.001, respectively). There was significant negative correlation between the final visit logMAR BCVA values and pretreatment outer retinal thickness in nasal and temporal parafoveal subfields (r = -0.297, p = 0.021, and r = -0.268, p = 0.038, respectively). Conclusions: It could be beneficial to use inner and outer retinal thickness instead of total retinal thickness in determination of short-term prognosis in patients who had intravitreal ranibizumab injection for DME.

WOS: 000342155600006, PubMed ID: 24802745, Purpose To investigate levels of ghrelin in the aqueous humour (AqH) of patients with exfoliation syndrome and exfoliation glaucoma and compare them to levels of ghrelin in control subjects. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 15 patients with exfoliation syndrome, 8 with exfoliation glaucoma and 12 control subjects for whom cataract surgery was indicated. The AqH was aspirated from the anterior chamber with a 27-G needle under sterile conditions prior to tissue manipulation. Ghrelin levels were quantified using radioimmunassay kits. Results Levels of ghrelin in the AqH were 187.87 +/- 80.1 pg/mL in the eyes exhibiting exfoliation syndrome, 98.53 +/- 50.9 pg/mL in the eyes exhibiting exfoliation glaucoma and 111.40 +/- 77.5 pg/mL in the controls. Ghrelin level of patients with exfoliation syndrome were significantly higher than those of patients with exfoliation glaucoma and the controls (P0.05). Age, gender and IOP did not have a significant effect on ghrelin levels in patients with exfoliation syndrome and exfoliation glaucoma. Conclusion This study is the first to report elevated levels of ghrelin in the AqH in eyes exhibiting exfoliation syndrome. Findings suggest ghrelin might play role in the etiopathogenesis of exfoliation syndrome to exfoliation glaucoma., Turkish Ophthalmology Society, This study was supported by Turkish Ophthalmology Society.

WOS: 000347315600001, PubMed ID: 25580282, Purpose. To investigate the oxidant and antioxidant status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DRP). Methods. Forty-four patients who had cataract surgery were enrolled in the study. We included 22 patients with DRP in one group and 22 patients in the control group. Samples of aqueous humor and serum were taken from all patients. Serum and aqueous ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), total thiol, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidative stress (TOS) levels were compared in two groups. Results. Median serum IMA levels were 44.80 absorbance units in the DRP group and 40.15 absorbance units in the control group (P = 0.031). Median serum total thiol levels in the DRP group were significantly less than those in the control group (3051.13 and 3910.12, resp., P = 0.004). Mean TOS levels in the serum were 2.93 +/- 0.19 in the DRP group and 2.61 +/- 0.26 in the control group (P = 0.039). The differences in mean total thiol, TAC, and TOS levels in the aqueous humor and mean TAC levels in the serum were not statistically significant. Conclusion. IMA, total thiol, and TOS levels in the serum might be useful markers in monitoring the risk of DRP development., Ankara Branch of the Turkish Ophthalmology Society, The authors were funded by Ankara Branch of the Turkish Ophthalmology Society. The sponsor or funding organization had no role in the design or conduct of this research. No conflicting relationship exists for any author. The authors also would like to acknowledge Emire Bor MSc's contributions to the statistical analysis and interpretation of the data.

WOS: 000260909700008, PubMed ID: 19013917, We evaluated the efficacy of Zaraccom F260 intraocular lenses (IOL) on cataract treatment in 97 adult cataract patients (114 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. The mean preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.26 +/- 0.26 at one week 0.49 +/- 0.25 and 0.9 +/- 0.28 at follow-ups. The Zaraccom F260 is an alternative for the patients requiring lens replacement.

WOS: 000250816300014, PubMed ID: 17997780, Purpose: To examine the effect of propolis in a rat model of Acanthamoeba keratitis and to determine its in vitro cytotoxicity in cultured corneal epithelial cells. Methods: Eighteen Wistar albino rats were used. Cultured corneal epithelial cells obtained from two healthy rats for in vitro cytotoxicity of propolis. Corneal stromal inoculation was performed in 16 rats with amoebic culture containing 1 x 10(6) amoeba/mL. Rats with Acanthamoeba keratitis 5 days later after the inoculation were divided randomly into four groups, and eight eyes of each group were treated with study drugs. The propolis, chlorhexidine (CHX), propolis plus CHX and control eyes were treated with topical propolis, 0.002% CHX, propolis plus 0.002% CHX and lubricant eye drops, respectively. The study drugs were instilled every one hour for 10 days. All eyes were examined and keratitis graded by slit-lamp biomicroscopy on days 2, 5 and 10 during the administration of the study drugs. After the completion of keratitis grading, all the 16 rats were humanely killed and their corneas were excised and used for Acanthamoeba culture to evaluate presence of Acanthamoeba growth after treatment 14 days later. Results: Concentrations of propolis higher than 7.81 mg/mL cause damage to corneal epithelial cells in the experiment of in vitro cytotoxicity of propolis on corneal epithelial cells. The keratitis grade on day 2 in the CHX eyes was significantly lower than that in the control eyes (P < 0.05). The keratitis grades on days 5 and 10 in the propolis, CHX and propolis plus CHX eyes were significantly lower compared with those on days 5 and 10 in the control eyes (P < 0.05). In the propolis eyes, the keratitis grade on day 5 was significantly lower than that on day 2 (P < 0.05), and it was significantly lower on day 10 compared with that on day 5 (P < 0.05). In the CHX and propolis plus CHX eyes, the keratitis grade on day 10 was significantly lower compared with that on days 2 and 5 (P < 0.05). In the control eyes, there was no significant difference in the keratitis grades on days 2, 5 and 10 (P > 0.05). The culture positivity at Acanthamoeba growth after treatment experiment in the propolis, CHX and propolis plus CHX eyes was significantly lower than that in the control eyes (P < 0.05). Conclusions: We suggest that propolis had amoebicidal properties in this rat model of Acanthamoeba keratitis. Further investigations to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the individual fractions of the resin could yield more information about its mechanism of action in treating this disease.

Objective In the study, it is aimed to determine the prevalence of Acanthamoeba and other free-living amoeba (FLA) species in the swab samples obtained from conjunctiva and lower eye lid. Methods For this purpose, swab samples from the 500 patients'eye lid and conjunctiva were obtained who admitted to Cumhuriyet University, Research and Application Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology with variety of reasons. Swab samples were carried out using sterile cotton swab in steril tubes. The swab samples were inoculated onto non-nutrient agar (NNA). Live Escherichia coli was used as food source for the growth of the FLA. The NNA plates were incubated at 300C and examined daily using ligth microscope for two weeks. For morphotyping of the trophozoites and cysts of the FLA were used taxonomic keys. Results Two of the 500 swab samples (0.4%) were positive for FLA. One of them (0.2%) were identified as Acanthamoeba spp. and other was identified as Hartmannella spp. However, these patients did not reveal any complaints yet. Conclusion FLA both themselves and bacteria carrying in their body as reservoirs are potential pathogen. The rapid spread of Acanthamoeba keratitis in recent years reveal that these microorganisms are in contact with the eyes.