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The treatment of depression by antidepressants that act on the reuptake of neurotransmitters is only effective in a percentage of patients and presents a rate of partial remissions and relapses that makes it necessary to investigate new resources against depression. The present study intends to update the importance of methylene blue (MB), which has an antidepressive action that has been known for more than 30 years. Besides it also works favorably in Alzheimer's disease, it is neuroprotective, stimulant for the memory and the cerebral circulation, a cardioprotector and it neutralises free radicals. A search was conducted on the Medline database of the National Library of Medicine, focusing research on humans. Works were found that confirm the importance and utility of methylene blue in various pathologies. Its favorable efficacy, profile, side effects and low cost make it worth taking into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]