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The obscure taxonomic histories of three species ofAphyocharax(A.alburnus,A.avaryandA.pusillus) are revised, based on both morphological and literature data.Aphyocharaxavaryis resurrected as a valid species and removed from synonymy withA.alburnus. Based on examinations of type specimens,A.alburnusis considered a junior synonym ofA.pusillus.

Aphyocharax anisitsi es registrado por primera vez en la Cuenca alta del Río Bermejo, Argentina, en las provincias de Salta y Jujuy. Esto representa una extensión de la distribución conocida de aproximadamente 600 km. Además, se cita material de colección de A. dentatus para el área por primera vez. Aphyocharax anisitsi is recorded for the first time from the upper Bermejo River, Argentina, in the provinces of Salta and Jujuy. This represents a range extension of the known distribution of approximately 600 km. Also, collection specimens of A. dentatus from this area are cited for first time. Fil: Teran, Guillermo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo. San Miguel de Tucumán; Argentina Fil: Alonso, Felipe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ; Argentina Fil: Aguilera, Gaston. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo. San Miguel de Tucumán; Argentina Fil: Mirande, Juan Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - Tucumán. Unidad Ejecutora Lillo. San Miguel de Tucumán; Argentina

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T16:54:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:26:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1679-62252016000200207.pdf: 3578510 bytes, checksum: e4e5bb2e59a7bcd491b7cbdfe0f3f195 (MD5) Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Chair in Systematic Ichthyology, Division of Fishes, National Museum of Natural History Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Protocheirodon, a new genus of the Characidae, is proposed to include a species previously assigned to Leptagoniates. This action is supported by molecular and morphological phylogenetic hypotheses that place Protocheirodon pi as the sister group of the remaining tribes in the Cheirodontinae versus the traditional assignment of the species to the Aphyocharacinae. The phylogenetic position of Protocheirodon is recognized as a new tribe, the Protocheirodontini. Protocheirodon pi, originally described based on a small number of specimens from a single location in the rio Mamore basin in the southwestern Amazon, is redescribed on the basis of larger series of specimens from the western and central portions of the Amazon basin. Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MCR-159,Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Morfol, Dist Rubiao Jr S-N, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Morfol, Dist Rubiao Jr S-N, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2011/08374-1 FAPESP: 2011/50282-7 CNPq: 140193/2015-4

In this study we analyzed the diet and trophic morphology of two species, one of Cheirodontinae and one of Aphyocharacinae, associated with aquatic macrophytes in nine isolated lagoons of the Parana river floodplain, Brazil, during 2001. Diet showed that Aphyocharax anisitsi feed mainly on microcrustaceans and Serrapinnus notomelas feed mainly on algae. Trophic morphology, including mouth, tooth, gill rakers and stomach showed apparently the same pattern for the two species. However, teeth are the biggest and the hardest in S. notomelas . Regarding intestine length there was significant interaction between standard length (F 2.215 = 74.89; p 1.215 = 4.72; p S. notomelas and a smaller mean in A. anisitsi . Based on dates of diet and morphology, it is possible to conclude that there are trophic segregation between the two species. Thus, the co-existence of these species is possible in function of the wide food supply given by aquatic macrophytes.