3,448 results on '"ANR-11-IDEX-0007"'
Search Results
2. Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic and rat brain receptor occupancy profile of NLX-112, a highly selective 5-HT 1A receptor biased agonist.
- Author
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Depoortère RY, McCreary AC, Vidal B, Varney MA, Zimmer L, and Newman-Tancredi A
- Abstract
NLX-112 (i.e., F13640, befiradol) exhibits nanomolar affinity, exceptional selectivity and full agonist efficacy at serotonin 5-HT
1A receptors. NLX-112 shows efficacy in rat, marmoset and macaque models of L-DOPA induced dyskinesia (LID) in Parkinson's disease and has shown clinical efficacy in a Phase 2a proof-of-concept study for this indication. Here we investigated, in rats, its pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic (PK) and brain 5-HT1A receptor occupancy profiles, and its PK properties in the absence and presence of L-DOPA. Total and free NLX-112 exposure in plasma, CSF and striatal ECF was dose-proportional over the range tested (0.04, 0.16 and 0.63 mg/kg i.p.). NLX-112 exposure increased rapidly (Tmax 0.25-0.5h) and exhibited approximately threefold longer half-life in brain than in plasma (1.1 and 3.6h, respectively). At a pharmacologically relevant dose of 0.16 mg/kg i.p., previously shown to elicit anti-LID activity in parkinsonian rats, brain concentration of NLX-112 was 51-63 ng/g from 0.15 to 1h. In microPET imaging experiments, NLX-112 showed dose-dependent reduction of18 F-F13640 (i.e.,18 F-NLX-112) brain 5-HT1A receptor labeling in cingulate cortex and striatum, regions associated with motor control and mood, with almost complete inhibition of labeling at the dose of 0.63 mg/kg i.p.. Co-administration of L-DOPA (6 mg/kg s.c., a dose used to elicit LID in parkinsonian rats) together with NLX-112 (0.16 mg/kg i.p.) did not modify PK parameters in rat plasma and brain of either NLX-112 or L-DOPA. Here, we demonstrate that NLX-112's profile is compatible with 'druggable' parameters for CNS indications, and the results provide measures of brain concentrations and 5-HT1A receptor binding parameters relevant to the anti-dyskinetic activity of the compound., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2024
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3. Burling graphs revisited, part II: Structure
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Pournajafi, Pegah and Trotignon, Nicolas
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- 2024
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4. Legionella pneumophila cell surface RtxA release by LapD/LapG and its role in virulence.
- Author
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Kanaan H, Chapalain A, Chokr A, Doublet P, and Gilbert C
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- Virulence, Bacterial Toxins metabolism, Biofilms growth & development, Legionnaires' Disease microbiology, Type I Secretion Systems metabolism, Type I Secretion Systems genetics, Cell Membrane metabolism, Legionella pneumophila pathogenicity, Legionella pneumophila metabolism, Legionella pneumophila genetics, Bacterial Proteins metabolism, Bacterial Proteins genetics
- Abstract
Background: Legionella pneumophila is a Gram-negative intracellular bacillus and is the causative agent of a severe form of pneumonia called Legionnaires' disease which accounts for 2-9% of cases of community acquired pneumonia. It produces an extremely large protein belonging to the RTX (Repeats in ToXin) family, called RtxA, and we previously reported that RtxA is transported by a dedicated type 1 secretion system (T1SS) to the cell surface. RTX proteins have been shown to participate in the virulence or biofilm formation of various bacteria, the most studied models being the pore forming hemolysin A (HlyA) of Escherichia coli and the biofilm associated protein LapA of P. fluorescens. LapA localization depends on the enzymatic release by LapD/LapG complex activity. This study aimed to elucidate the dual localization (cell surface associated or released state) of L. pneumophila RTX protein (RtxA) and whether this released versus sequestered state of RtxA plays a role in L. pneumophila virulence., Results: The hereby work reveals that, in vitro, LapG periplasmic protease cleaves RtxA N-terminus in the middle of a di-alanine motif (position 108-109). Consistently, a strain lacking LapG protease maintains RtxA on the cell surface, whereas a strain lacking the c-di-GMP receptor LapD does not exhibit cell surface RtxA because of its continuous cleavage and release, as in the LapA-D-G model of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Interestingly, our data point out a key role of RtxA in enhancing the infection process of amoeba cells, regardless of its location (embedded or released); therefore, this may be the result of a secondary role of this surface protein., Conclusions: This is the first experimental identification of the cleavage site within the RTX protein family. The primary role of RtxA in Legionella is still questionable as in many other bacterial species, hence it sounds reasonable to propose a major function in biofilm formation, promoting cell aggregation when RtxA is embedded in the outer membrane and facilitating biofilm dispersion in case of RtxA release. The role of RtxA in enhancing the infection process may be a result of its action on host cells (i.e., PDI interaction or pore-formation), and independently of its status (embedded or released)., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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5. The influence of the precuneus on the medial temporal cortex determines the subjective quality of memory during the retrieval of naturalistic episodes.
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Foudil SA and Macaluso E
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- Humans, Parietal Lobe diagnostic imaging, Memory, Mental Recall, Hippocampus, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Brain Mapping methods, Temporal Lobe diagnostic imaging, Memory, Episodic
- Abstract
Memory retrieval entails dynamic interactions between the medial temporal lobe and areas in the parietal and frontal cortices. Here, we tested the hypothesis that effective connectivity between the precuneus, in the medial parietal cortex, and the medial temporal cortex contributes to the subjective quality of remembering objects together with information about their rich spatio-temporal encoding context. During a 45 min encoding session, the participants were presented with pictures of objects while they actively explored a virtual town. The following day, under fMRI, participants were presented with images of objects and had to report whether: they recognized the object and could remember the place/time of encoding, the object was familiar only, or the object was new. The hippocampus/parahippocampus, the precuneus and the ventro-medial prefrontal cortex activated when the participants successfully recognized objects they had seen in the virtual town and reported that they could remember the place/time of these events. Analyses of effective connectivity showed that the influence exerted by the precuneus on the medial temporal cortex mediates this effect of episodic recollection. Our findings demonstrate the role of the inter-regional connectivity in mediating the subjective experience of remembering and underline the relevance of studying memory in contextually-rich conditions., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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6. Edge-partitioning 3-edge-connected graphs into paths
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Klimošová, Tereza and Thomassé, Stéphan
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- 2022
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7. Mediating linguistic diversity in the diaspora: An illustration from Haitian Canadians
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Lacoste, Véronique
- Published
- 2021
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8. Exploring how language exposure shapes oral narrative skills in French-English emergent bilingual first graders
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Cohen, Cathy, Bauer, Eurydice, and Minniear, Jacob
- Published
- 2021
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9. Minimizing Energy Consumption for Real-Time Tasks on Heterogeneous Platforms Under Deadline and Reliability Constraints.
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Gao, Yiqin, Han, Li, Liu, Jing, Robert, Yves, and Vivien, Frédéric
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ENERGY consumption ,RELIABILITY in engineering ,COMPUTING platforms ,SYSTEM safety ,ENERGY industries ,PRODUCTION scheduling - Abstract
As real-time systems are safety critical, guaranteeing a high reliability threshold is as important as meeting all deadlines. Periodic tasks are replicated to mitigate the negative impact of transient faults, which leads to redundancy and high energy consumption. On the other hand, energy saving is widely identified as increasingly relevant issues in real-time systems. In this paper, we formalize this challenging tri-criteria optimization problem, i.e., minimizing the expected energy consumption while enforcing the reliability threshold and meeting all task deadlines, and propose several mapping and scheduling heuristics to solve it. Specifically, a novel approach is designed to (i) map an arbitrary number of replicas onto processors, (ii) schedule each replica of each task instance on its assigned processor with less temporal overlap. The platform is composed of processing units with different characteristics, including speed profile, energy cost and fault rate. The heterogeneity of the computing platform makes the problem more complicated, because different mappings achieve different levels of reliability and consume different amounts of energy. Moreover, scheduling plays an important role in energy saving, as the expected energy consumption is the average over all failure scenarios. Once a task replica is successful, the other replicas of that task instance can be canceled, which calls for minimizing the overlap between any replica pair. Finally, to quantitatively analyze our methods, we derive a theoretical lower-bound for the expected energy consumption. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on a large set of execution scenarios and parameters. The comparison results reveal that our strategies perform better than the random baseline under almost all settings, with an average gain in energy consumption of more than 40%, and our best heuristic achieves an excellent performance: its energy saving is only 2% less than the lower-bound on average. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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10. Transcriptomic Response to Pyrethroid Treatment in Closely Related Bed Bug Strains Varying in Resistance.
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Haberkorn, Chloé, Belgaïdi, Zaïnab, Lasseur, Romain, Vavre, Fabrice, and Varaldi, Julien
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BEDBUGS ,PYRETHROIDS ,INSECTICIDES ,TRANSCRIPTOMES ,LOCUS (Genetics) - Abstract
The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius , is one of the main human parasites. The world-wide resurgence of this pest is mainly due to globalization, and the spread of insecticide resistance. A few studies have compared the transcriptomes of susceptible and resistant strains; however, these studies usually relied on strains originating from distant locations, possibly explaining their extended candidate gene lists. Here, we compared the transcriptomes of 2 strains originating from the same location and showing low overall genetic differentiation ( F ST = 0.018 ) but varying in their susceptibility to pyrethroids, before and after insecticide exposure. In sharp contrast with previous studies, only 24 genes showing constitutive differential expression between the strains were identified. Interestingly, most of the genes with increased expression in the resistant strain encoded cuticular proteins. However, those changes were not associated with significant difference in cuticular thickness, suggesting that they might be involved in qualitative changes in the cuticle. In contrast, insecticide exposure induced the expression of a multitude of genes, mostly involved in detoxification. Finally, our set of transcriptome candidate loci showed little overlap with a set of loci strongly genetically differentiated in a previous study using the same strains. Several hypothesis explaining this discrepancy are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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11. New Measurements of Fe Solubility in Liquid Mg up to 1450 °C and Reassessment of the Fe-Mg System
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Desseaux, Mathias, Gardiola, Bruno, Andrieux, Jérôme, Le Bourlot, Christophe, Jaud, Sébastien, Schmid-Fetzer, Rainer, and Dezellus, Olivier
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- 2024
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12. Global dissipative martingale solutions to the variational wave equation with stochastic forcing
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Guelmame, Billel and Vovelle, Julien
- Published
- 2024
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13. On the density or measure of sets and their sumsets in the integers or the circle
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Bienvenu, Pierre-Yves and Hennecart, François
- Published
- 2020
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14. Propagation in a Fisher-KPP equation with non-local advection
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Hamel, François and Henderson, Christopher
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- 2020
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15. A playground for compressible natural convection with a nearly uniform density
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Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Matemàtiques, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. UPCDS - Grup de Sistemes Dinàmics de la UPC, Alboussière, Thierry, Curbelo Hernández, Jezabel, Dubuffet, Fabien, Labrosse, Stéphane, Ricard, Yanick, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Matemàtiques, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. UPCDS - Grup de Sistemes Dinàmics de la UPC, Alboussière, Thierry, Curbelo Hernández, Jezabel, Dubuffet, Fabien, Labrosse, Stéphane, and Ricard, Yanick
- Abstract
In the quest to understand the basic universal features of compressible convection, one would like to disentangle genuine consequences of compression from spatial variations of transport properties. For instance, one may choose to consider a fluid with uniform dynamic viscosity, but, then, compressible effects will generate a density gradient and consequently the kinematic viscosity will not be uniform. In the present work, we consider a very peculiar equation of state, whereby entropy is solely dependent on density, so that a nearly isentropic fluid domain is nearly isochoric. Within this class of equations of state, there is a thermal adiabatic gradient and a key property of compressible convection is still present, namely its capacity to viscously dissipate a large fraction of the thermal energy involved, of the order of the well-named dissipation number. In the anelastic approximation, under the assumption of an infinite Prandtl number, the number of governing parameters can be brought down to two, the Rayleigh number and the dissipation number. This framework is proposed as a playground for compressible convection, an opportunity to extend the vast corpus of theoretical analyses on the Oberbeck–Boussinesq equations regarding stability, bifurcations or the determination of upper bounds for the turbulent heat transfer. Here, in a two-dimensional geometry, we concentrate on the structure of numerical solutions. For all Rayleigh numbers, a change in the vertical temperature profile is observed in the range of dissipation number between 0 and less than 0.4 , associated with the weakening of ascending plumes. For larger dissipation numbers, the heat flux dependence on this number is found to be well predicted by Malkus's model of critical layers. For dissipation numbers of order unity, and large Rayleigh numbers, dissipation becomes related to the entropy heat flux at each depth, so that the vertical dissipation profile can be predicted, and so does the total ratio o, Thanks are due to Daniel Lecoanet who provided help on how to use the Dedalus software. The authors are grateful to the LABEX Lyon Institute of Origins (ANR-10-LABX-0066) of the Université de Lyon for its financial support within the program “Investissements d’Avenir” (ANR-11-IDEX-0007) of the French government operated by the National Research Agency (ANR). Support was provided by the ICMAT Severo Ochoa Project No. SEV-2015-0554. J. Curbelo also acknowledges the support of the RyC project RYC2018-025169, the Spanish grant [PID2020-114043GB-I00] and the Catalan Grant [No. 2017SGR1049]., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)
- Published
- 2022
16. Open and closed factors in Arnoux-Rauzy words
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Parshina, Olga and Zamboni, Luca Q.
- Published
- 2019
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17. Non-altering time scales for aggregation of dynamic networks into series of graphs
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Léo, Yannick, Crespelle, Christophe, and Fleury, Eric
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- 2019
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18. A review of 177Lu dosimetry workflows: how to reduce the imaging workloads?
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Vergnaud, Laure, Dewaraja, Yuni K., Giraudet, Anne-Laure, Badel, Jean-Noël, and Sarrut, David
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BOTULINUM A toxins ,THERMOLUMINESCENCE dosimetry ,RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS ,INJECTIONS - Abstract
177 Lu radiopharmaceutical therapy is a standardized systemic treatment, with a typical dose of 7.4 GBq per injection, but its response varies from patient to patient. Dosimetry provides the opportunity to personalize treatment, but it requires multiple post-injection images to monitor the radiopharmaceutical's biodistribution over time. This imposes an additional imaging burden on centers with limited resources. This review explores methods to lessen this burden by optimizing acquisition types and minimizing the number and duration of imaging sessions. After summarizing the different steps of dosimetry and providing examples of dosimetric workflows for 177 Lu -DOTATATE and 177 Lu -PSMA, we examine dosimetric workflows based on a reduced number of acquisitions, or even just one. We provide a non-exhaustive description of simplified methods and their assumptions, as well as their limitations. Next, we detail the specificities of each normal tissue and tumors, before reviewing dose-response relationships in the literature. In conclusion, we will discuss the current limitations of dosimetric workflows and propose avenues for improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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19. Investigating the three-dimensional myocardial micro-architecture in the laminar structure using X-ray phase-contrast microtomography.
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Wang, Shunli, Wang, Yan, Li, Zhaorui, Zhao, Yifei, Zhang, Ying, and Varray, François
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X-ray computed microtomography ,RADIOGRAPHIC contrast media - Abstract
A comprehensive grasp of the myocardial micro-architecture is essential for understanding diverse heart functions. This study aimed to investigate three-dimensional (3D) cardiomyocyte arrangement in the laminar structure using X-ray phase-contrast microtomography. Using the ID-19 beamline at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, we imaged human left ventricular (LV) wall transparietal samples and reconstructed them with an isotropic voxel edge length of 3.5 μm. From the reconstructed volumes, we extracted different regions to analyze the orientation distribution of local cardiomyocyte aggregates, presenting findings in terms of helix and intrusion angles. In regions containing one sheetlet population, we observed cardiomyocyte aggregates running along the local LV wall's radial direction at the border of sheetlets, branching and merging into a complex network around connecting points of different sheetlets, and bending to accommodate vessel passages. In regions with two sheetlet populations, the helix angle of local cardiomyocyte aggregates experiences a nonmonotonic change, and some cardiomyocyte aggregates run along the local radial direction. X-ray phase-contrast microtomography is a valuable technique for investigating the 3D local myocardial architecture at microscopic level. The arrangement of local cardiomyocyte aggregates in the LV wall proves to be both regional and complex, intricately linked to the local laminar structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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20. 3D exploration of gene expression in chicken embryos through combined RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunofluorescence, and clearing.
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André, Maëlys, Dinvaut, Sarah, Castellani, Valérie, and Falk, Julien
- Abstract
Background: Fine characterization of gene expression patterns is crucial to understand many aspects of embryonic development. The chicken embryo is a well-established and valuable animal model for developmental biology. The period spanning from the third to sixth embryonic days (E3 to E6) is critical for many organ developments. Hybridization chain reaction RNA fluorescent in situ hybridization (HCR RNA-FISH) enables multiplex RNA detection in thick samples including embryos of various animal models. However, its use is limited by tissue opacity. Results: We optimized HCR RNA-FISH protocol to efficiently label RNAs in whole mount chicken embryos from E3.5 to E5.5 and adapted it to ethyl cinnamate (ECi) tissue clearing. We show that light sheet imaging of HCR RNA-FISH after ECi clearing allows RNA expression analysis within embryonic tissues with good sensitivity and spatial resolution. Finally, whole mount immunofluorescence can be performed after HCR RNA-FISH enabling as exemplified to assay complex spatial relationships between axons and their environment or to monitor GFP electroporated neurons. Conclusions: We could extend the use of HCR RNA-FISH to older chick embryos by optimizing HCR RNA-FISH and combining it with tissue clearing and 3D imaging. The integration of immunostaining makes possible to combine gene expression with classical cell markers, to correlate expressions with morphological differentiation and to depict gene expressions in gain or loss of function contexts. Altogether, this combined procedure further extends the potential of HCR RNA-FISH technique for chicken embryology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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21. The low-density lipoprotein receptor and apolipoprotein E associated with CCHFV particles mediate CCHFV entry into cells.
- Author
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Ritter, Maureen, Canus, Lola, Gautam, Anupriya, Vallet, Thomas, Zhong, Li, Lalande, Alexandre, Boson, Bertrand, Gandhi, Apoorv, Bodoirat, Sergueï, Burlaud-Gaillard, Julien, Freitas, Natalia, Roingeard, Philippe, Barr, John N., Lotteau, Vincent, Legros, Vincent, Mathieu, Cyrille, Cosset, François-Loïc, and Denolly, Solène
- Subjects
LIPOPROTEIN receptors ,APOLIPOPROTEIN E ,HEMORRHAGIC fever ,HEMORRHAGIC diseases ,RECEPTOR antibodies ,GENE silencing ,RABBIT diseases ,VIRAL tropism - Abstract
The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is an emerging pathogen of the Orthonairovirus genus that can cause severe and often lethal hemorrhagic diseases in humans. CCHFV has a broad tropism and can infect a variety of species and tissues. Here, by using gene silencing, blocking antibodies or soluble receptor fragments, we identify the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) as a CCHFV entry factor. The LDL-R facilitates binding of CCHFV particles but does not allow entry of Hazara virus (HAZV), another member of the genus. In addition, we show that apolipoprotein E (apoE), an exchangeable protein that mediates LDL/LDL-R interaction, is incorporated on CCHFV particles, though not on HAZV particles, and enhances their specific infectivity by promoting an LDL-R dependent entry. Finally, we show that molecules that decrease LDL-R from the surface of target cells could inhibit CCHFV infection. Our study highlights that CCHFV takes advantage of a lipoprotein receptor and recruits its natural ligand to promote entry into cells. This study shows that Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) recruits apoE, an exchangeable apolipoprotein that mediates LDL/LDL-R interaction, to promote virion entry via the LDLR. Molecules that down-regulate LDL-R inhibit CCHFV infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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22. Identification of Writing Preferences in Wikipedia
- Author
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Chaudron, Jean-Baptiste, Magué, Jean-Philippe, Vigier, Denis, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Cherifi, Hocine, editor, Rocha, Luis M., editor, Cherifi, Chantal, editor, and Donduran, Murat, editor
- Published
- 2024
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23. Characterizing polynomial and exponential complexity classes in elementary lambda-calculus
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Baillot, Patrick, De Benedetti, Erika, and Ronchi Della Rocca, Simona
- Published
- 2018
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24. An empirical study on the contribution of formal and semantic features to the grammatical gender of nouns
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Basirat, Ali, Allassonniere-Tang, Marc, Berdicevskis, Aleksandrs, Basirat, Ali, Allassonniere-Tang, Marc, and Berdicevskis, Aleksandrs
- Abstract
This study conducts an experimental evaluation of two hypotheses about the contributions of formal and semantic features to the grammatical gender assignment of nouns. One of the hypotheses (Corbett and Fraser 2000) claims that semantic features dominate formal ones. The other hypothesis, formulated within the optimal gender assignment theory (Rice 2006), states that form and semantics contribute equally. Both hypotheses claim that the combination of formal and semantic features yields the most accurate gender identification. In this paper, we operationalize and test these hypotheses by trying to predict grammatical gender using only character-based embeddings (that capture only formal features), only context-based embeddings (that capture only semantic features) and the combination of both. We performed the experiment using data from three languages with different gender systems (French, German and Russian). Formal features are a significantly better predictor of gender than semantic ones, and the difference in prediction accuracy is very large. Overall, formal features are also significantly better than the combination of form and semantics, but the difference is very small and the results for this comparison are not entirely consistent across languages., Funding Agencies|IDEXLYON Fellowship Grant [16-IDEX-0005]; University of Lyon Grant NSCO ED 476 [ANR-10-LABX-0081]; French National Research AgencyFrench National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-11-IDEX-0007]
- Published
- 2021
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25. Learning random points from geometric graphs or orderings
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Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciències de la Computació, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ALBCOM - Algorismia, Bioinformàtica, Complexitat i Mètodes Formals, Díaz Cort, Josep, Mcdiarmid, Colin, Mitsche, Dieter, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciències de la Computació, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ALBCOM - Algorismia, Bioinformàtica, Complexitat i Mètodes Formals, Díaz Cort, Josep, Mcdiarmid, Colin, and Mitsche, Dieter
- Abstract
Let Xv for v∈V be a family of n iid uniform points in the square (Formula presented.). Suppose first that we are given the random geometric graph (Formula presented.), where vertices u and v are adjacent when the Euclidean distance dE(Xu,Xv) is at most r. Let n3/14≪r≪n1/2. Given G (without geometric information), in polynomial time we can with high probability approximately reconstruct the hidden embedding, in the sense that “up to symmetries,” for each vertex v we find a point within distance about r of Xv; that is, we find an embedding with “displacement” at most about r. Now suppose that, instead of G we are given, for each vertex v, the ordering of the other vertices by increasing Euclidean distance from v. Then, with high probability, in polynomial time we can find an embedding with displacement (Formula presented.)., This research was supported by the grants GRAMM, TIN2017-86727-C2-1-R (J.D.), and by IDEXLYON of Université de Lyon (Programme Investissements d’Avenir, ANR16-IDEX-0005), and by LABEXMILYON (ANR-10-LABX-0070) of Université de Lyon, within the program “Investissements d’Avenir” (ANR-11-IDEX-0007) (D.M.), Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)
- Published
- 2020
26. Turbomachinery Noise Review.
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Moreau, Stéphane and Roger, Michel
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AIR conditioning ,NOISE ,AERODYNAMIC noise ,AEROACOUSTICS ,COMPUTER simulation - Abstract
The present paper is aimed at providing an updated review of prediction methods for the aerodynamic noise of ducted rotor–stator stages. Indeed, ducted rotating-blade technologies are in continuous evolution and are increasingly used for aeronautical propulsion units, power generation and air conditioning systems. Different needs are faced from the early design stage to the final definition of a machine. Fast-running, approximate analytical approaches and high-fidelity numerical simulations are considered the best-suited tools for each, respectively. Recent advances are discussed, with emphasis on their pros and cons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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27. Accounting for the topology of road networks to better explain human‐mediated dispersal in terrestrial landscapes.
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Rocabert, Charles, Fenet, Serge, Kaufmann, Bernard, and Gippet, Jérôme M. W.
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POPULATION density ,BIOLOGICAL invasions ,JUMP processes ,HUMAN mechanics ,CURRENT distribution - Abstract
Human trade and movements are central to biological invasions worldwide. Human activities not only transport species across biogeographical barriers, but also accelerate their post‐introduction spread in the landscape. Thus, by constraining human movements, the spatial structure of road networks might greatly affect the regional spread of invasive species. However, few invasion models have accounted for the topology of road networks so far, and its importance for explaining the regional distribution of invasive species remains mostly unexplored. To address this issue, we developed a spatially explicit and mechanistic human‐mediated dispersal model that accounts and tests for the influence of transport networks on the regional spread of invasive species. Using as a model the spread of the invasive ant Lasius neglectus in the middle Rhône valley (France), we show that accounting for the topology of road networks improves our ability to explain the current distribution of the invasive ant. In contrast, we found that using human population density as a proxy for the frequency of transport events decreases models' performance and might thus not be as appropriate as previously thought. Finally, by differentiating road networks into sub‐networks, we show that national and regional roads are more important than smaller roads for explaining spread patterns. Overall, our results demonstrate that the topology of transport networks can strongly bias regional invasion patterns and highlight the importance of better incorporating it into future invasion models. The mechanistic modelling approach developed in this study should help invasion scientists explore how human‐mediated dispersal and topography shape invasion dynamics in landscapes. Ultimately, our approach could be combined with demographic, natural dispersal and environmental suitability models to refine spread scenarios and improve invasive species monitoring and management at regional to national scales. Keywords: biological invasions, human‐mediated dispersal, road network, secondary spread, spatially explicit model, stochastic jump model [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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28. 1-Extendability of Independent Sets.
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Bergé, Pierre, Busson, Anthony, Feghali, Carl, and Watrigant, Rémi
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INDEPENDENT sets ,PLANAR graphs ,COMPUTATIONAL complexity ,GRAPH algorithms ,APPROXIMATION algorithms - Abstract
In the 70 s, Berge introduced 1-extendable graphs (also called B-graphs), which are graphs where every vertex belongs to a maximum independent set. Motivated by an application in the design of wireless networks, we study the computational complexity of 1-extendability, the problem of deciding whether a graph is 1-extendable. We show that, in general, 1-extendability cannot be solved in 2 o (n) time assuming the Exponential Time Hypothesis, where n is the number of vertices of the input graph, and that it remains NP-hard in subcubic planar graphs and in unit disk graphs (which is a natural model for wireless networks). Although 1-extendability seems to be very close to the problem of finding an independent set of maximum size (a.k.a.Maximum Independent Set), we show that, interestingly, there exist 1-extendable graphs for which Maximum Independent Set is NP-hard. Finally, we investigate a parameterized version of 1-extendability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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29. Dimensional homotopy t-structures in motivic homotopy theory
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Bondarko, Mikhail and Déglise, Frédéric
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- 2017
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30. Reduced processing of afforded actions while observing mental content as ongoing mental phenomena
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Katyal, Sucharit, Abdoun, Oussama, Mounier, Hugues, and Lutz, Antoine
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- 2024
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31. The AMPK-related kinase NUAK1 controls cortical axons branching by locally modulating mitochondrial metabolic functions
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Lanfranchi, Marine, Yandiev, Sozerko, Meyer-Dilhet, Géraldine, Ellouze, Salma, Kerkhofs, Martijn, Dos Reis, Raphael, Garcia, Audrey, Blondet, Camille, Amar, Alizée, Kneppers, Anita, Polvèche, Hélène, Plassard, Damien, Foretz, Marc, Viollet, Benoit, Sakamoto, Kei, Mounier, Rémi, Bourgeois, Cyril F., Raineteau, Olivier, Goillot, Evelyne, and Courchet, Julien
- Published
- 2024
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32. Convergence rate for a regularized scalar conservation law
- Author
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Guelmame, Billel and Houamed, Haroune
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Higher-order interpretations and program complexity
- Author
-
Baillot, Patrick and Dal Lago, Ugo
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. My Brain Reads Pain in Your Face, Before Knowing Your Gender
- Author
-
Czekala, Claire, Mauguière, François, Mazza, Stéphanie, Jackson, Philip L., and Frot, Maud
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Designing metainterfaces with specified friction laws.
- Author
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Aymard, Antoine, Delplanque, Emilie, Dalmas, Davy, and Scheibert, Julien
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. REM sleep remains paradoxical: sub-states determined by thalamo-cortical and cortico-cortical functional connectivity.
- Author
-
Bastuji H, Daoud M, Magnin M, and Garcia-Larrea L
- Abstract
During paradoxical sleep (PS, aka REM sleep) the cerebral cortex displays rapid electroencephalographic activity similar to that of wakefulness, whereas in the posterior associative thalamus, rapid activity is interrupted by frequent periods of slow-wave (delta) oscillations at 2-3 Hz, thereby dissociating the intrinsic frequency in thalamus and cortex. Here we studied the functional consequences of such a dissociation using intrathalamic and intracortical recordings in 21 epileptic patients, applying coherence analysis to examine changes in functional connectivity between the posterior thalamus (mainly medial pulvinar) and six cortical functional networks, and also between each cortical network with respect to the others. Periods of slow-wave thalamic activity ('delta PS') were more prevalent than phases of 'rapid PS,' and the delta/rapid thalamic alternance did not overlap with the classical tonic/phasic dichotomy based on rapid eye movements. Thalamo-cortical and cortico-cortical functional connectivity significantly decreased during delta PS, relative to both rapid PS periods and to wakefulness. The fact that delta thalamic activity and low thalamo-cortical binding coincided with a suppression of cortico-cortical connectivity supports a crucial role for the posterior associative thalamus, and particularly the medial pulvinar, in ensuring trans-thalamic communication between distant cortical areas. Disruption of such a trans-thalamic communication during delta PS compromises the functional binding between cortical areas, and consequently might contribute to the alteration of perceptual experiences commonly reported during dreams. KEY POINTS: During paradoxical, or REM, sleep (PS), rapid thalamic activity is interrupted by frequent periods of slow delta waves at 2-3 Hz. During these periods of thalamic delta activity there was a drastic drop of functional connectivity between associative thalamus and cortex, and also among different cortical networks. The delta/rapid alternance did not overlap with the classically defined 'tonic/phasic' periods and therefore suggests a distinct dichotomy of functional states in PS. Recurrent decrease in thalamo-cortical and cortico-cortical functional connectivity during PS may compromise the spatio-temporal binding between cortical areas, which in turn could hinder the formation of coherent mental content during dreams., (© 2024 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2024 The Physiological Society.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Pizza and 2-Structures
- Author
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Ehrenborg, Richard, Morel, Sophie, and Readdy, Margaret
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. The arithmetical combinatorics of k,l-regular partitions
- Author
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Konan, Isaac
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance elastography for quantification of the mechanical properties of short T2 tissues via optimal control-based radiofrequency pulses.
- Author
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Sango-Solanas P, Tse Ve Koon K, Van Reeth E, Nicolle S, Palierne JF, Caussy C, and Beuf O
- Subjects
- Animals, Cattle, Tendons diagnostic imaging, Tendons physiology, Tendons anatomy & histology, Algorithms, Time Factors, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Elastic Modulus, Elasticity Imaging Techniques methods, Radio Waves, Phantoms, Imaging
- Abstract
The aim of the current study is to demonstrate the feasibility of radiofrequency (RF) pulses generated via an optimal control (OC) algorithm to perform magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and quantify the mechanical properties of materials with very short transverse relaxation times (T2 < 5 ms) for the first time. OC theory applied to MRE provides RF pulses that bring isochromats from the equilibrium state to a fixed target state, which corresponds to the phase pattern of a conventional MRE acquisition. Such RF pulses applied with a constant gradient allow to simultaneously perform slice selection and motion encoding in the slice direction. Unlike conventional MRE, no additional motion-encoding gradients (MEGs) are needed, enabling shorter echo times. OC pulses were implemented both in turbo spin echo (OC rapid acquisition with refocused echoes [RARE]) and ultrashort echo time (OC UTE) sequences to compare their motion-encoding efficiency with the conventional MEG encoding (classical MEG MRE). MRE experiments were carried out on agar phantoms with very short T2 values and on an ex vivo bovine tendon. Magnitude images, wave field images, phase-to-noise ratio (PNR), and shear storage modulus maps were compared between OC RARE, OC UTE, and classical MEG MRE in samples with different T2 values. Shear storage modulus values of the agar phantoms were in agreement with values found in the literature, and that of the bovine tendon was corroborated with rheometry measurements. Only the OC sequences could encode motion in very short T2 samples, and only OC UTE sequences yielded magnitude images enabling proper visualization of short T2 samples and tissues. The OC UTE sequence produced the best PNRs, demonstrating its ability to perform anatomical and mechanical characterization. Its success warrants in vivo confirmation in further studies., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Cancer characterization using light backscattering spectroscopy and quantitative ultrasound: an ex vivo study on sarcoma subtypes.
- Author
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Malinet, Cyril, Montcel, Bruno, Dutour, Aurélie, Fajnorova, Iveta, Liebgott, Hervé, and Muleki-Seya, Pauline
- Subjects
BACKSCATTERING ,ULTRASONIC imaging ,LIGHT scattering ,SARCOMA ,CELL nuclei ,RUTHERFORD backscattering spectrometry - Abstract
Histological analysis is the gold standard method for cancer diagnosis. However, it is prone to subjectivity and sampling bias. In response to these limitations, we introduce a quantitative bimodal approach that aims to provide non-invasive guidance towards suspicious regions. Light backscattering spectroscopy and quantitative ultrasound techniques were combined to characterize two different bone tumor types from animal models: chondrosarcomas and osteosarcomas. Two different cell lines were used to induce osteosarcoma growth. Histological analyses were conducted to serve as references. Three ultrasound parameters and intensities of the light reflectance profiles showed significant differences between chondrosarcomas and osteosarcomas at the 5% level. Likewise, variations in the same biomarkers were reported for the two types of osteosarcoma, despite their similar morphology observed in the histological examinations. These observations show the sensitivity of our techniques in probing fine tissue properties. Secondly, the ultrasound spectral-based technique identified the mean size of chondrosarcoma cells and nuclei with relative errors of about 22% and 9% respectively. The optical equivalent technique correctly extracted scatterer size distributions that encompass nuclei and cells for chondrosarcomas and osteosarcomas ( R 2 = 0.80 and R 2 = 0.73 respectively). The optical scattering contributions of nuclei were estimated at 52% for the chondrosarcomas and 69% for the osteosarcomas, probably indicating the abundant and the absent extracellular matrix respectively. Thus, the ultrasound and the optical methods brought complementary parameters. They successfully estimated morphological parameters at the cellular and the nuclear scales, making our bimodal technique promising for tumor characterization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Tomographic reconstruction from Poisson distributed data: a fast and convergent EM-TV dual approach.
- Author
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Maxim, Voichiţa, Feng, Yuemeng, Banjak, Hussein, and Bretin, Elie
- Subjects
SIGNAL-to-noise ratio ,NUCLEAR medicine ,EXPECTATION-maximization algorithms ,IMAGE reconstruction - Abstract
This paper focuses on tomographic reconstruction for nuclear medicine imaging, where a classical approach consists to maximize the likelihood of Poisson distributed data using the iterative Expectation Maximization algorithm. In this context and when the quantity of acquired data is low and produces low signal-to-noise ratio in the images, a step forward consists to incorporate a total variation prior on the solution into a MAP-EM formulation. This prior is not differentiable. The novelty of the paper is to propose a convergent and efficient numerical scheme to compute the MAP-EM optimizer, alternating regular maximum likelihood maximization steps and TV-denoising solved using the convex-duality principle of Fenchel-Rockafellar. The main theoretical result is the proof of stability and convergence of this scheme. We also present some numerical experiments where we compare the proposed algorithm with some other algorithms from the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Assessment of pebble virtual velocities by combining active RFID fixed stations with geophones.
- Author
-
Cassel, Mathieu, Navratil, Oldrich, Liébault, Frédéric, Recking, Alain, Vázquez‐Tarrío, Daniel, Bakker, Maarten, Zanker, Sébastien, Misset, Clément, and Piégay, Hervé
- Subjects
RADIO frequency identification systems ,PEBBLES ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,GEOPHONE ,BED load ,SEDIMENT transport - Abstract
Monitoring bedload transport in rivers is a challenging research domain teeming with technical innovations and methodological developments aimed at improving our knowledge and models of bedload processes at different spatial–temporal scales. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has improved sediment tracking, allowing the characterisation of transport processes of individual particles at flood‐event scales. Meanwhile, geophone sensors have enabled the long‐term continuous monitoring of seismic signals that can provide surrogate measures of bedload fluxes at local scales, during flood events and at sediment‐pulses. The combination of these two techniques could allow sediment transport processes to be linked with both flood events and sediment pulses. In this study, we used a combination of active ultra‐high frequency RFID technology and geophone monitoring stations to link the virtual velocity of tracers with seismic activity, hydraulic forcing, and the properties of the tracked particles. Single and multiple regression models show that seismic activity best explained the observed variance (81%) of the virtual velocity of particles, in comparison with discharge (58%) and stream power (63%). Furthermore, when several control variables (seismic activity and particle properties) were combined in an empirical model, the model explained 89% of the variance and allowed quantification of the portions of the variance explained by hydraulic forcing, geophonic activity and tracked particles. These results show the high potential of these combined monitoring techniques for future in‐field experiments to investigate bedload processes at different spatiotemporal scales in rivers of different morphologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Episodic memory and recognition are influenced by cues' sensory modality: comparing odours, music and faces using virtual reality.
- Author
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Rey, Lucile, Désoche, Clément, Saive, Anne-Lise, Thévenet, Marc, Garcia, Samuel, Tillmann, Barbara, and Plailly, Jane
- Subjects
RECOGNITION (Psychology) ,EXPERIMENTAL design ,ANALYSIS of variance ,VIRTUAL reality ,FACE ,PARADIGMS (Social sciences) ,COMPARATIVE studies ,EPISODIC memory ,SMELL ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH funding ,MUSIC ,RESPIRATION ,DATA analysis software ,PROMPTS (Psychology) ,MEDICAL coding - Abstract
Most everyday experiences are multisensory, and all senses can trigger the conscious re-experience of unique personal events embedded in their specific spatio-temporal context. Yet, little is known about how a cue's sensory modality influences episodic memory, and which step of this process is impacted. This study investigated recognition and episodic memory across olfactory, auditory and visual sensory modalities in a laboratory-ecological task using a non-immersive virtual reality device. At encoding, participants freely and actively explored unique and rich episodes in a three-room house where boxes delivered odours, musical pieces and pictures of face. At retrieval, participants were presented with modality-specific memory cues and were told to 1) recognise encoded cues among distractors and, 2) go to the room and select the box in which they encountered them at encoding. Memory performance and response times revealed that music and faces outperformed odours in recognition memory, but that odours and faces outperformed music in evoking encoding context. Interestingly, correct recognition of music and faces was accompanied by more profound inspirations than correct rejection. By directly comparing memory performance across sensory modalities, our study demonstrated that despite limited recognition, odours are powerful cues to evoke specific episodic memory retrieval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Performance study of a 360° CZT camera for monitoring 177Lu-PSMA treatment.
- Author
-
Vergnaud, Laure, Badel, Jean-Noël, Giraudet, Anne-Laure, Kryza, David, Mognetti, Thomas, Baudier, Thomas, Rida, Hanan, Dieudonné, Arnaud, and Sarrut, David
- Subjects
SCINTILLATION cameras ,THREE-dimensional imaging ,ROOT-mean-squares ,PERFORMANCE theory ,SINGLE-photon emission computed tomography - Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the quantification performance of a 360° CZT camera for
177 Lu-based treatment monitoring. Methods: Three phantoms with known177 Lu activity concentrations were acquired: (1) a uniform cylindrical phantom for calibration, (2) a NEMA IEC body phantom for analysis of different-sized spheres to optimise quantification parameters and (3) a phantom containing two large vials simulating organs at risk for tests. Four sets of reconstruction parameters were tested: (1) Scatter, (2) Scatter and Point Spread Function Recovery (PSFR), (3) PSFR only and (4) Penalised likelihood option and Scatter, varying the number of updates (iterations × subsets) with CT-based attenuation correction only. For each, activity concentration (ARC) and contrast recovery coefficients (CRC) were estimated as well as root mean square. Visualisation and quantification parameters were applied to reconstructed patient image data. Results: Optimised quantification parameters were determined to be: CT-based attenuation correction, scatter correction, 12 iterations, 8 subsets and no filter. ARC, CRC and RMS results were dependant on the methodology used for calculations. Two different reconstruction parameters were recommended for visualisation and for quantification. 3D whole-body SPECT images were acquired and reconstructed for177 Lu-PSMA patients in 2–3 times faster than the time taken for a conventional gamma camera. Conclusion: Quantification of whole-body 3D images of patients treated with177 Lu-PSMA is feasible and an optimised set of parameters has been determined. This camera greatly reduces procedure time for whole-body SPECT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. High-Responsivity Planar Photodetector Based on Methylammonium Lead Bromide Perovskite Thin Film.
- Author
-
Mai, Pavlo, Houel, Julien, Dreveton, Nathan, Mahler, Benoit, and Gassenq, Alban
- Subjects
THIN films ,PHOTODETECTORS ,METHYLAMMONIUM ,PHOTOLUMINESCENCE measurement ,PEROVSKITE ,BROMIDES - Abstract
We have fabricated planar interdigitated photodetectors exhibiting high responsivity. These detectors are based on thin layers of methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr
3 ) at 90 nm thickness. MAPbBr3 thin films were first characterized on glass (borosilicate) substrates using absorption and photoluminescence measurements showing a high absorption edge at 521 nm and strong emission at 530 nm, as expected. MAPbBr3 thin films were then deposited on top of interdigitated electrodes, hence producing planar photodetectors with responsivity up to 0.4 A/W. Such higher performances were attributed to the interdigitated design, low crack density (0.05 µm−2 ), and lower resistivity (20 MΩ.cm) compared to MAPbBr3 single crystal. Therefore, this work highlights MAPbBr3 thin films as very promising for photodetection applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. The Bretons in French Politics: Regional Mobilization within and beyond the Central State.
- Author
-
Cole, Alistair and Pasquier, Romain
- Subjects
POWER (Social sciences) ,IDENTITY politics ,REGIONALISM ,DECENTRALIZATION in government ,SOCIAL movements - Abstract
This article revisits the French region of Brittany on the basis of sustained empirical research over a 25-year period. It identifies the twin use of influence and identity as forming a key part of an accepted and largely diffused territorial repertoire, based on affirming distinctiveness for reasons of vertical linkage, as well as horizontal capacity building. This article explores the different facets of this model of territorial influence. The two twin dimensions concern: first, a well-versed mechanism of lobbying central institutions and actors to defend the Breton interest; second, the use of territorial identity markers to forward the regional cause, relying on social movements and a broad capacity for regional mobilization. Within this overarching context, the Breton case demonstrates an intelligent instrumental use of identity and identity markers, but mainstream Breton forces recognize that this only makes sense in the light of the national level of regulation and structure of opportunities. The logic of this position is to integrate the Brittany region into a national model of territorial integration, while playing up identity markers to secure the maximum benefit for the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Experimental evidences of nonlinear programmable electroacoustic loudspeaker.
- Author
-
da Silveira Zanin, Camila Elizabeth, Labetoulle, Aurélie, De Bono, Emanuele, Gourdon, Emmanuel, Collet, Manuel, and Ture Savadkoohi, Alireza
- Subjects
LOUDSPEAKERS ,NOISE control ,NONLINEAR oscillators ,NONLINEAR systems - Abstract
A two degrees-of-freedom system coupling an acoustical mode of a closed tube to an electroacoustic loudspeaker is considered. A model-inversion technique is presented to digitally program the impedance of the loudspeaker for reaching a targeted nonlinear behavior. Experimental results show that the programed nonlinearity can guide the system to both periodic and non-periodic responses while acoustical levels for activation of the nonlinearity are less than the ones for systems with passive nonlinear oscillators (94 and 100 dB in this paper compared to 138 dB in previous papers), allowing building applications. Moreover, it is spotted that the programed nonlinearity of the electroacoustic loudspeaker, even in its non-optimized form, performs nonlinear noise control for some frequency ranges. The main objective of this article is to show that it is possible to program the behavior of an electroacoustic loudspeaker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Multispectral in-line hologram reconstruction with aberration compensation applied to Gram-stained bacteria microscopy.
- Author
-
Brault, Dylan, Olivier, Thomas, Faure, Nicolas, Dixneuf, Sophie, Kolytcheff, Chloé, Charmette, Elodie, Soulez, Ferréol, and Fournier, Corinne
- Subjects
DIGITAL holographic microscopy ,HOLOGRAPHY ,MICROSCOPY ,OPTICAL aberrations ,ACHROMATISM ,BACTERIA classification ,BACTERIA - Abstract
In multispectral digital in-line holographic microscopy (DIHM), aberrations of the optical system affect the repeatability of the reconstruction of transmittance, phase and morphology of the objects of interest. Here we address this issue first by model fitting calibration using transparent beads inserted in the sample. This step estimates the aberrations of the optical system as a function of the lateral position in the field of view and at each wavelength. Second, we use a regularized inverse problem approach (IPA) to reconstruct the transmittance and phase of objects of interest. Our method accounts for shift-variant chromatic and geometrical aberrations in the forward model. The multi-wavelength holograms are jointly reconstructed by favouring the colocalization of the object edges. The method is applied to the case of bacteria imaging in Gram-stained blood smears. It shows our methodology evaluates aberrations with good repeatability. This improves the repeatability of the reconstructions and delivers more contrasted spectral signatures in transmittance and phase, which could benefit applications of microscopy, such as the analysis and classification of stained bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Resource-Constrained Scheduling Algorithms for Stochastic Independent Tasks With Unknown Probability Distribution.
- Author
-
Gao, Yiqin, Robert, Yves, and Vivien, Frédéric
- Subjects
DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory) ,KAPLAN-Meier estimator ,ALGORITHMS ,BUDGET ,WORKING hours - Abstract
This work introduces scheduling algorithms to maximize the expected number of independent tasks that can be executed on a parallel platform within a given budget and under a deadline constraint. The main motivation for this problem comes from imprecise computations, where each job has a mandatory part and an optional part, and the objective is to maximize the number of optional parts that are successfully executed, in order to improve the accuracy of the results. The optional parts of the jobs represent the independent tasks of our problem. Task execution times are not known before execution; instead, the only information available to the scheduler is that they obey some (unknown) probability distribution. The scheduler needs to acquire some information before deciding for a cutting threshold: instead of allowing all tasks to run until completion, one may want to interrupt long-running tasks at some point. In addition, the cutting threshold may be reevaluated as new information is acquired when the execution progresses further. This work presents several algorithms to determine a good cutting threshold, and to decide when to re-evaluate it. In particular, we use the Kaplan-Meier estimator to account for tasks that are still running when making a decision. The efficiency of our algorithms is assessed through an extensive set of simulations with various budget and deadline values, and ranging over 13 probability distributions. In particular, the AutoPerSurvival(40%,0.005) strategy is proved to have a performance of 77% compared to the upper bound even in the worst case. This shows the robustness of our strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Relativistic Hartree–Fock chiral Lagrangians with confinement, nucleon finite size and short-range effects.
- Author
-
Chamseddine, Mohamad, Margueron, Jérôme, Chanfray, Guy, Hansen, Hubert, and Somasundaram, Rahul
- Abstract
A relativistic Hartree–Fock Lagrangian including a chiral potential and nucleon polarisation is investigated in hopes of providing a better description of dense nuclear matter. We fully consider the contribution of the exchange Fock term to the energy and the self-energies, and in addition we investigate the nucleon’s compositeness and finite size effects (confinement and form factors) and short range correlations modeled by a Jastrow ansatz. These effects are added step by step, such that their impact on the dense matter properties can be analysed in details. The parameters of the model are adjusted to reproduce fundamental properties related to the QCD theory at low energy, such as the chiral symmetry breaking, nucleon’s quark substructure and Lattice-QCD predictions, as well as two empirical properties at saturation: the binding energy and the density. All other empirical parameters, e.g., symmetry energy and its slope, incompressibility modulus, effective mass, as well as spin–isospin Landau–Midgal parameter are predictions of the models and can be used to evaluate the gain of the different approximation schemes in describing nuclear properties. Bayesian statistics is employed in order to propagate parameter uncertainties into predictions for the nuclear matter properties. We show that the splitting of the effective Landau mass is largely influenced by the value of the ρ T coupling, and we show that the fit to the symmetry energy, which induces an increase of the coupling constant g ρ by about 20–25% compared to the case where it is fixed by the quark model, provides a very good EoS compatible with the present nuclear physics knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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