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When the Manifeste conspirationniste was published in January 2022 it was widely assumed in France that the manifesto was the work of the same anonymous authors responsible for the radical leftist (or, for some, ‘terrorist’) pamphlets attributed variously to Tiqqun, the Parti imaginaire or the Comité invisible. This article explores this authorial hypothesis through a comparative close reading of the Manifeste conspirationniste and key works by the radical collective. The manifesto interprets the Covid pandemic as marking the logical culmination of a biopolitical apparatus that has weaponised everything from consumer electronics to the pharmaceutical industry in paranoid pursuit of the indefinite reproduction of capitalist oligarchy. Likewise, the essays of Tiqqun diagnose the thorough imbrication of military technologies, police and surveillance powers, as well as the entertainment and consumer industries in the development of what they call ‘cybernetic capitalism’. Tiqqun and the Comité invisible argue that, in a system that is dedicated to ever greater transparency (in the interests of the biopolitical disciplining of citizens), any resistance must deliberately seek out ‘zones of opacity’ by cultivating the kind of noise that won’t be recuperated as carnival, or the kind of slowness that can’t simply be rebranded as luxury. This looks forward to the Manifeste conspirationniste’s strategy of conspiracy, subterfuge and insubordination as the necessary response to an ideological apparatus that is unavoidably conspiratorial in its effects, however theoretically benign it may be in intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How many different writers authored the huge number of texts attributed to Galen of Pergamum (129~216 Anno Domini (AD)), medical doctor and philosopher, a giant in the history of medicine? The quest to find out which texts were his and which ones were written by others is known as the "Galenic Question". We propose a "solution" to it through a multidisciplinary approach based (a) on historical research and (b) on a mathematical analysis of the Greek texts. The historical approach considers historical independent sources and anachronisms. The mathematical approach is based on a mathematical theory concerning deep language variables, rarely consciously controlled by any author, and is therefore capable of giving indications on the similarity of texts, with little or no bias. The multidisciplinary approach has convinced us that at least three authors wrote the texts attributed to Galen. The first two were very likely real historical persons: (a) a certain Galen living between the end of the I century Before Christ (BC) and the second half of the I century AD, and (b) the historical Galen of Pergamum (II–III centuries AD). We believe the third (c) to be represented by several unknown authors hiding under the name Galen, but likely living after Galen of Pergamum's death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the concept of "contevelle," a narrative form specific to Mauritius, as exemplified in Ananda Devi's collection of stories, "Le poids des êtres." The author examines the relationship between contevelle, traditional tales, and short stories, suggesting that it is a hybrid form that combines elements from different literary categories. The article also discusses the distinctiveness of contevelle as a literary category for Mauritius, emphasizing the importance of the Mauritian setting and the representation of diverse ethnic and cultural perspectives. Additionally, the text analyzes Ananda Devi's story "Ganesh" as an example of the hybrid forms of contevelle, nouvelle-histoire, and oral storytelling. The story explores themes of identity and vengeance, incorporating elements from both European fairy tales and Mauritian folklore. The article concludes by highlighting the unique and diverse nature of contevelle as a reflection of Mauritius' cultural richness. [Extracted from the article]

The Distinctio divisionis terrae et paradisi deliciarum (Città del Vaticano, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, MS Barb. lat. 2687, ff. 12v–16v) is an anonymous treatise on the place of the earthly Paradise. An unknown author asks whether the earthly Paradise could be located in the land of the Antipodes and rejects this hypothesis. This article demonstrates two points. First, it attributes the Distinctio to the Franciscan friar Gerard Odonis (d. 1349). In fact, this text is a distinction of his commentary on the Sentences (book II, d. 20, qq. 1–2). Second, the article argues that Odonis's opinion on the location of Paradise is quite unusual, since he reverses the Aristotelian order of elementary spheres. Odonis places the earthly Paradise so high on a mountain that it is necessary to deny the existence of the sphere of fire. While explaining how the Flood did not inundate Paradise, he asserts that water is naturally lower than earth. The article provides the first critical edition of the Distinctio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presents reminiscences of the torcular Christi motif in the liturgical poetry of the Middle Ages against the background of evidence of its presence in the writings of the Fathers of the Church and authors of later centuries. The source of the motif is the text of the Book of Isaiah 63:1-3, referred to Christ as an allegory. The grape is Christ, and the winepress is His cross-torcular Christi. Since late antiquity, the text of Isaiah was read at Mass on Holy Wednesday and was part of the breviary office on the Friday after the third Sunday of Lent. The image of torcular Christi became permanent in the consciousness of the faithful and went beyond the liturgy-also into the world of art and poetry. The article refers to eleven poetic works which contain reminiscences of the motif of the pressing plant to varying degrees (in whole or in some fragments). These are texts by Peter Abelard, Peter the Venerable-Abbot of Cluny, Peter Damiani, Philip the Chancellor, Adam of Saint Victor and anonymous authors. The annex to the study contains the original text and the author’s translation into Polish of the commented source texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since Hans Eberhard Mayer's ground-breaking study of 1962, scholars have almost invariably dated one of the longest western narratives of the Third Crusade, the compilation known as the Itinerarium peregrinorum et gesta regis Ricardi , or IP 2, to 1216–22. Challenging this deep-rooted view, this article proposes an earlier composition date and, in turn, casts new light on the work's purpose and the circumstances of its creation. An analysis of both the text itself and crucial evidence for its early reception at Coggeshall Abbey indicates that IP 2 was written at some point between 1194 and c irca 1201, and most probably in the period 1197–1201. Reflecting on the wider ramifications of this re-dating, it is argued that two fundamental assumptions surrounding the text's composition require revision: that IP 2 was the work of Richard de Templo, prior of Holy Trinity, Aldgate; and that it was composed with a recruitment or political agenda in mind. The article contends that Richard de Templo's predecessor at Holy Trinity, Prior Peter of Cornwall, played a prominent role in the composition process, almost certainly commissioning the work and probably overseeing its creation, while the compiler's source selection, the text's format and the intellectual climate in which it was produced instead point to the guiding principle of preservation: that IP 2 was compiled to preserve the story of the Third Crusade, and King Richard I of England's crusading exploits, for posterity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Antik Tanulmanyok is the property of Akademiai Kiado and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Antik Tanulmanyok is the property of Akademiai Kiado and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mitteilungen des Deutschen Germanistenverbandes is the property of Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Social media platform's lack of control over its content made way to the fundamental problem of misinformation. As users struggle with determining the truth, social media platforms should strive to empower users to make more accurate credibility judgements. A good starting point is a more accurate perception of the credibility of the message's source. Two pre-registered online experiments (N = 525;N = 590) were conducted to investigate how verified source information affects perceptions of Tweets (study 1) and generic social media posts (study 2). In both studies, participants reviewed posts by an unknown author and rated source and message credibility, as well as likelihood of sharing. Posts varied by the information provided about the account holder: (1) none, (2) the popular method of verified source identity, or (3) verified credential of the account holder (e.g., employer, role), a novel approach. The credential was either relevant to the content of the post or not. Study 1 presented the credential as a badge, whereas study 2 included the credential as both a badge and a signature. During an initial intuitive response, the effects of these cues were generally unpredictable. Yet, after explanation how to interpret the different source cues, two prevalent reasoning errors surfaced. First, participants conflated source authenticity and message credibility. Second, messages from sources with a verified credential were perceived as more credible, regardless of whether this credential was context relevant (i.e., virtual lab coat effect). These reasoning errors are particularly concerning in the context of misinformation. In sum, credential verification as tested in this paper seems ineffective in empowering users to make more accurate credibility judgements. Yet, future research could investigate alternative implementations of this promising technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses humoristic popular trovas from Espírito Santo, Brazil, published by Guilherme S. Neves in Cancioneiro capixaba de trovas populares, in 1949. For this literary critic purpose, it adopts studies about trovas by S. Spina, E. T. Wanke and M. Simões, and deals with humor studies by V. Propp, S. Attardo and L. C. Travaglia. It observes that the humor effect in those poems results from the incongruity and breaking of expectations the anonymous authors point out in their quadras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the famous medieval magical manual called the Picatrix, the unknown author describes the phenomenon of magic with the term nigromantia. As is well known, the original meaning of the Greek term necromantia has a more concise meaning. It is used for a special kind of divination, i.e., divination through the parts of a cadaver and the conjured spirit of the dead. Seemingly, in the Picatrix, no necromantic ritual can be found; moreover, the author stresses that his main goal is pious, i.e., to find the path leading to the ultimate source of the universe, the one and only God. In my article, I show that on some pages of the Picatrix, there are traces of divinatory practices that may be connected to the original meaning of the term nigromantia. In the third book of the manual, descriptions of some interesting rituals attributed to the pagan Sabeans of Harran and their teacher, the god Hermes can be found. During the practices, the magician involved conjured spirits of the heavenly bodies and powers as well. Because of this, by looking closely at and analyzing the given text, it is possible to piece together a complex web of necromantic and demonic divinatory rituals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retrieval practice is an evidence‐based approach to teaching; here, we evaluate the use of PeerWise for embedding retrieval practice into summative assessment. PeerWise allows anonymous authoring, sharing, answering, rating, and feedback on peer‐authored multiple choice questions. PeerWise was embedded as a summative assessment in a large first‐year introductory biochemistry module. Engagement with five aspects of the tool was evaluated against student performance in coursework, exam, and overall module outcome. Results indicated a weak‐to‐moderate positive but significant correlation between engagement with PeerWise and assessment performance. Student feedback showed PeerWise had a polarizing effect; the majority recognized the benefits as a learning and revision tool, but a minority strongly disliked it, complaining of a lack of academic moderation and irrelevant questions unrelated to the module. PeerWise can be considered a helpful learning tool for some students and a means of embedding retrieval practice into summative assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores a debate on the theory of cost that occurred in the 1890s between economist Silas MacVane and Austrian economists. MacVane defended the idea of objective "real cost" and the Austrians argued for subjective opportunity cost. Although this debate is rarely mentioned, it represents a noteworthy episode of active contrast between ideas on value and on cost, with implications that are relevant for contemporary economists. By highlighting the incompatibility of the objective and subjective conceptions of cost, this debate sheds light on the evolution of economic theory. The contributions of relatively unknown authors, such as MacVane and David Green, are also discussed. We interpret the debate in terms of the contrast between research programs based on wealth and on exchange, and note that the gradual shift in the period regarding the fundamental problem that informs economic theory is key to understanding the modern concept of cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Letter to the Hebrews has long been overlooked in discussions regarding New Testament pneumatology or even considered 'inferior' compared to other New Testament traditions. However, this is a mistake, as the unknown author of this letter demonstrates a remarkable awareness of pneumatology, which plays a key role in the transmission of early Christian traditions and significantly shapes the formation of the New Testament canon. Hebrews presupposes the presence of the Spirit and explicitly associates it with the revelation of God throughout history. Furthermore, the author identifies his own theological and literary work with the Spirit's function of actualizing scripture, granting him a remarkable position among New Testament and early Christian authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkbilig/Turkoloji Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of Turkbilig/Turkoloji Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses its attention on the Prefaces to the months of September and of March included within two collections of hagiographies and other texts intended for individual readings by believers. The Prefaces contained within the impressingly vast collection of the 16th c. known as The Great Reading Menaia are by an anonymous author. The other collection of hagiographies, chronologically situated one century later, is by the Metropolitan Dimitry of Rostov. The purpose of the author is to analyse these texts, firstly as sources for the question of the two chronological styles considered from an ecclesiastical viewpoint, and secondly from a terminological perspective and as works of a polemical nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Atalanta: Revista de las Letras Barrocas is the property of Atalanta Revista de las Letras Barrocas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The protagonist of the satire Timarion, by an unknown author from the 11th or 12th century, falls into a state of suspended animation on his journey and is carried by two demons into the underworld, where he proves in a court trial that he is not dead and is allowed to return to the living. The aim of this paper is to present and interpret a short letter written two hundred years later by Constantine Acropolites, who sharply criticises the Timarion, without clearly presenting his objections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses textual problems in an anonymous Late Latin poem entitled Exhortatio poenitendi. In his classic edition (Berlin 1914), Karl Strecker used nine witnesses. In my critical edition from 2021, I studied, collated, and classified twenty manuscripts of this poem and established a new stemma codicum; a manuscript not known to me at the time has been used in this paper. In this article I propose new conjectures absent from my edition, reject other proposals made by previous editors, and discuss lines in which either the stemma cannot be used to guide the editor in the choice of readings, the diffusion of variants is irregular, or I have made a choice different from that of previous editors. Many of the disputed passages can now be clarified in the light of two other works attributed to the same anonymous author (the Lamentum poenitentiae and the Oratio pro correptione uitae), which were published together with the Exhortatio poenitendi for the first time in my 2021 edition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This essay examines the The Troublers of Israel in the context of Methodism's uneasy, and seemingly contradictory, relationship with the theatre and argues that its anonymous author purposefully adapted the operatic form to achieve his rhetorical, and religious, aims. Even though this tactic has confused bibliographers who have miscategorized the piece as an anti‐Methodist work since the nineteenth century, the operatic form, like George Whitefield's preaching, effectively demonstrates how the Methodists coopted and redeployed the dramatic arts as a means of conveying their religious message while reframing and refuting anti‐Methodist arguments. The Troublers provides further evidence, in addition to Whitefield's preaching, that the Methodists recognized the power of the dramatic arts to influence belief and behaviour at the same time they condemned more mainstream forms of plays and playgoing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contemporary press networks played a significant role in shaping the literary career-building strategies of Hungarian writers at the fin-de-siècle. Several of these writers served as journalists or maintained ties with numerous newspapers concurrently. The networks involved in the publication of an author's text reveal valuable information on the operations of the literary institution (the literary establishment) during the era, particularly in the careers of relatively unknown authors like László Cholnoky. During the early years of his career, Cholnoky's strategies diverged from those of his contemporaries in several ways: he refrained from publishing his first volume for an extended period, withdrew from publishing intermittently, and revised his work more frequently than others. This paper will investigate the publication networks Cholnoky utilised between the years 1900 and 1914, shedding light on the unique aspects of publishing and networking relevant in three periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ifra Hormiz is mentioned in five short stories in the Babylonian Talmud, each time accompanied by a description: "the mother of Shapur Malka," Shapur the king. This essay examines the stories about Ifra Hormiz from a literary angle. It suggests that an intratalmudic, comparative, literary analysis of these stories can offer a new perspective on their creation, and that we can better reveal and highlight the differing agendas and motifs of stories that have similar literary nuclei when we examine them as part of a broader corpus of similar stories. This analysis will shed light on the stories' anonymous authors, their intended audiences, and the ways they chose to address gender issues and their attitude toward the Persian rulers of their times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses Ramon Jiménez's book, "Shakespeare's First Draft of Richard III," which explores the theory that Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, was the true author of Shakespeare's works. Jiménez argues that several anonymous plays, including "The True Tragedy of Richard the Third," were early drafts of Shakespeare's canonical plays. He examines the similarities and differences between these plays and the revised versions, providing evidence for de Vere's authorship. The article praises Jiménez's scholarship and attention to detail, highlighting his analysis of language and usage in the plays. [Extracted from the article]

The article examines various allusions and references to William Shakespeare in literary works from the early 17th century, suggesting that he may have died prior to 1616 and that his works were published posthumously. These references provide insights into Shakespeare's reputation and influence during his time. The text also discusses evidence that supports the theory that Shakespeare died in 1607, including references in poems and pamphlets that imply his death. Additionally, the article explores works that raise questions about Shakespeare's true identity and suggests that he may have used a pseudonym. The text further discusses allusions to Shakespeare after his supposed death in 1616 and the lack of tributes and interest in his works during that time. It also examines the existence of an efficient postal service in England in the 1580s and the role of carriers in facilitating communication between Stratford-upon-Avon and London. The article then shifts focus to the death of Edward de Vere, the 17th Earl of Oxford, in 1604, and presents evidence supporting his death in June of that year. Finally, the text questions the plausibility of Shakespeare as the true author of the Shakespeare canon and suggests that the evidence presented raises doubts about his authorship. [Extracted from the article]

The Chapters in Political Verse is a collection of one hundred paraenetic chapters focusing on vices and virtues, transmitted in the Par.gr. 2750A and the Vat.gr. 1898 (fourteenth century) and containing fragments of the lost novel Aristandros and Kallithea by Constantine Manasses (twelfth century). This article offers a discussion on the authorship and audience of the Chapters (better known under the title Moral Poem and attributed to Manasses), arguing that it belongs firmly in the Palaiologan period and was not composed by Manasses. It pays particular attention to the way in which the anonymous author worked with the Manassean hypotext. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Progress in Physics of Metals / Uspehi Fiziki Metallov is the property of G.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics, N.A.S.U and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article reconsiders the motivation of the author of the anonymous Life of Cuthbert to insist that the saint received the Petrine tonsure at Ripon instead of (the more likely Irish tonsure) at Melrose, as Bede recounts. While scholars widely agree that this detail was meant to provide Cuthbert with a Roman background less contentious than his actual Irish-influenced upbringing, I will propose a parallel motivation from the perspective of ecclesiastical geography. I argue that the anonymous author used the tonsure as one further method of attempting to expand Lindisfarne's sphere of influence in early medieval Northumbria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to elucidate the thesis and literary programme of the Chronicle of Pseudo-Joshua the Stylite, which was written in Syriac in Edessa by an anonymous author sometime in the first two decades of the sixth century during the reign of the Roman emperor Anastasius. To do so, it examines how the anonymous author situates events in the Chronicle against historical and theological precedent from the book of Isaiah, through both implicit allusions and explicit references. It suggests that the creation of this inter-text between the Chronicle and the book of Isaiah was intended to function as both a model of and model for the harmonization of local history with the much larger trajectories of salvation history and the history of the late Roman empire. It argues, therefore, that the Chronicle represents one of the many ways in which late antique Syriac writers negotiated not only their place in the late Roman empire but also their place in contemporary Roman literary discourses. As a result, its ultimate contention is that the Chronicle is an example of the trend of "theological Roman patriotism" found in other historiographical texts written in Greek and Latin from the eastern empire in the sixth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ninth- and tenth-century Southern Italy was a crossroads where the Franks, the Byzantines, the Roman Popes, and the emirs of Sicily sought to increase their influence. The rivaling Lombard princes in Benevento, Capua, and Salerno had to cope with each other and these external pressures. That combination created unease and tension for the immediate future of the present of the ninth-century Lombard monk Erchempert and the chronicle of Salerno's anonymous tenth-century author. Although a century apart, they lived through a very uncertain present. Islamic raiders destroyed Erchempert's abbey of Montecassino in 883, and the Salernitan text abruptly ended amidst a revolt against the reigning prince Gisulf I in the 970s. The chaotic nature of their present influenced both authors' attempts to instruct future readers through a narrative focusing on the exemplary military conduct of specific Lombard princes. This contribution will consist of close readings of such martial scenes featuring exemplary Lombard princes from both texts. It will be argued that the Lombard lords in these scenes served as idealized examples evoking a strong sense of Lombard independent-mindedness in the face of an unpredictable present. While their strong sense of independence has been noted in previous scholarship, comparing its manifestation in the two narrative texts has yet to receive a dedicated study. The article will reveal and compare how these texts, in an uncertain present, clung to an exemplary past, attempting to steer their unpredictable present's future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Piyyutim (liturgical poetry), composed in Muslim Spain, reached us and our time thanks to the editors and copyists of the Jewish prayer books, the Siddurim. For the most part, the manuscripts of the Pyyutim were copied in a much later period than when they were originally written; usually after they were accepted and entered the Siddurim, and, long after the poets themselves have passed. It is a common phenomenon that many of the Piyyutim were used by different audiences over different periods of time, and are therefore found in various versions. For the editors of the Siddur, copying the hand written texts was not only a conservation project – but also an opportunity to update the Siddur so it will meet more suitable the demands and needs of worshipers. These updates included the replacement of certain piyyutim with others and at times even interventions and interferences in the texts themselves. This article follows the transfigurations of the Piyyut "She'areka be-dofeki ya petahִ a" to Solomon ibn Gabirol. It reviews deferent versions attributed to different Jewish communities between the 16th and 18th centuries. Ibn Gabirol's piyyut was a fertile ground to expansions by other anonymous authors. These expansions show how assorted congregations received the Piyyut and changed it, molding it according to their Jewish practice and beliefs. Ultimately, this article shows that the role the copyists played in the establishment and dissemination of various poetic works, was much more influential than it seems and extended beyond the manuscripts themselves. Later adaptations of the Piyyut "She'areka be-dofeki ya petahִ a" found their permanent position in print in many of the Jewish prayer books we use today. This fact demonstrates the complex and shifting hierarchies between the author of a poem and its consumers within the world of prayer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of MATRIZes is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Programa de Pos Graduacao em Ciencias da Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

"Social Geographies: An Introduction" by The Newcastle Social Geographies Collective is a new textbook that aims to create a market for a newer course on social geography. The book envisions a world where courses on human geography or cultural geography are oriented towards society-level dynamics and critical perspectives that explore power geometries and struggles across different spatial contexts. The book is organized into three sections and covers a wide range of topics, but its brevity allows for non-linear reading and remixing. While the quality of contributions may vary, the book is praised for its accessibility, lack of jargon, and engaging writing style. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents a review of the book "La fotografía en La Palma: 1860-1960" by Manuel Poggio Capote and Antonio Lorenzo Tena, which addresses the history of photography on the island during that period. The book stands out for its exhaustive research and attractive design, compiling images from both known and anonymous authors in scientific, documentary, and artistic subjects. The first photographic studios established by photographers from outside the island are mentioned, as well as the importance of local photographers. The article also highlights the significance of photography in the social and cultural life of the island, its relationship with tourism and personal identification, and the appreciation of photographic heritage in Spain and the Canary Islands. [Extracted from the article]

Key points: Editorials are typically brief comments by a journal's chief editor or associate editors on journal news, study findings, or trends in science or practice.Anonymous editorials, which account for 1%–3% of editorials indexed in PubMed, are those in which the author's name is absent or replaced by the journal's name.Chief editors cannot be assumed to be the authors of anonymous editorials, which causes multiple issues.Anonymous editorials prevent readers from assessing the author's potential conflicts of interest and their credibility for discussing the editorial's topic.Anonymous editorials also make credit and accountability for ideas in editorials difficult to establish and increase likelihood of authorship misattribution.This article proposes that editorials be published with the names, affiliations, and potential conflicts of interests of the individuals who author them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pleito del manto is a pornographic allegory consisting of 73 variable-length octosyllabic stanzas first published in the “burlas” section of the second edition of Hernando del Castillo’s Cancionero general (1514). The work describes a lawsuit brought by a personification called Carajo against another called Coño over the possession of a mantle. Its authorial cohesion, however, has been questioned. Critics believe that Pleito combines two burlesque compositions that were written respectively ca. 1478-1480 (stanzas 1-49) and ca. 1496-1500 (stanzas 50-63) by anonymous authors. To this “core,” another poet called García de Astorga added ten stanzas (64-73) ca. 1509 that associate these works with the trial for treason of his lord, Pedro Fernández de Córdoba y Pacheco (1477-1517), first Marquess of Priego (1501), and Head of the House of Aguilar. This article argues that there is no internal or external evidence to support their hypotheses. It suggests, instead, that stanzas 1-63 were the result of a poetic game that mocked the 1507-1508 proceedings of the case against Aguilar, and that García de Astorga expanded this core. Aguilar was a major Cordoban nobleman and a cousin of Fernando de Aragón who, incensed by inquisitor Diego Rodríguez Lucero’s cruel treatment of conversos, had forced him to flee the city in fear for his life. Aguilar also imprisoned the corregidor sent to investigate the case by the king, who then considered the nobleman a rebel and moved swiftly to imprison and put him on trial. These proceedings took place at the beginning of Fernando de Aragon’s regency, and it is the most important measure the king took against the highly fractious Andalusian nobility, poised to challenge his rule after the death of Isabel I. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are three English authors of the fourteenth century we may call "imaginative mystics" because of their use of imagination in spiritual praxis, i.e., Richard Rolle, Walter Hilton, and the unknown author of the Cloud of Unknowing. However, recently, there has been some criticism expressed regarding these doctrines; in particular, there is a question of whether a spiritual praxis, which includes imaginative images, can keep the principle of the unknowability of God. There is also a question of sensual perception. Imaginative images keep some attributes of sensual perception, such as shape, and they always have some spatiality and temporality. There is a question: how can these images depict the spiritual nature of God and spiritual objects themselves? There is even a possibility that imagination darkens contemplative vision and turns the soul's attention back to the world. In this paper, I will try to show how these three English authors kept the principle of God's unknowability and what the role of the imagination in their spiritual praxis is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Double-blind peer review is considered a pillar of academic research because it is perceived to ensure a fair, unbiased, and fact-centered scientific discussion. Yet, experienced researchers can often correctly guess from which research group an anonymous submission originates, biasing the peer-review process. In this work, we present a transformer-based, neural-network architecture that only uses the text content and the author names in the bibliography to attribute an anonymous manuscript to an author. To train and evaluate our method, we created the largest authorship-identification dataset to date. It leverages all research papers publicly available on arXiv amounting to over 2 million manuscripts. In arXiv-subsets with up to 2,000 different authors, our method achieves an unprecedented authorship attribution accuracy, where up to 73% of papers are attributed correctly. We present a scaling analysis to highlight the applicability of the proposed method to even larger datasets when sufficient compute capabilities are more widely available to the academic community. Furthermore, we analyze the attribution accuracy in settings where the goal is to identify all authors of an anonymous manuscript. Thanks to our method, we are not only able to predict the author of an anonymous work but we also provide empirical evidence of the key aspects that make a paper attributable. We have open-sourced the necessary tools to reproduce our experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Archbishop's Palace of Seville harbours an important art collection with mostly works by great Renaissance and Baroque artists. However, the authorship of some paintings is unknown, and, in a few cases, there is an interest in discovering the painter due to the quality of the artwork. As a first step for this purpose, a systematic analysis procedure has been established using non-destructive techniques, such as UV photography and IR reflectography, to locate interventions and underpaintings, as well as X-ray fluorescence to identify original pigments and those of later interventions. The study following this established protocol is presented with the example of two paintings by unknown authors. They were made in different centuries representing, consequently, different styles. UV images showed several retouches, while IR reflectography revealed under-drawing and composition corrections (pentimenti). Furthermore, XRF identified the pigments applied in the production of the different colours and tonalities, allowing to characterise the artist's palette, whose pigments generally agree with the dates when the artworks were produced. This study resulted in valuable information on painting materials and techniques, which will be useful in the search for authorships, among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers a close reading of a gloss in Codex Ambrosianus B 106 of Origenes' Hexapla on Psalms, which has in the past only been analyzed for its reference to the Patriarch. This article focuses on the Jewish scholar described in the gloss and analyzes his method of identifying Moses as the author of ten anonymous Psalms in view of Alexandrian scholarship. As Origen could only have communicated with his Jewish contemporary in Greek, the gloss provides unique insights into Hellenistic Judaism in 3d century Caesarea, which turns out to be well connected to Alexandrian methods of scholarship, available in late Antiquity in numerous intellectual centers of the Eastern Mediterranean, including Caesarea and Gadara. Moreover, the article points to conduits of communication between the Jewish Hellenistic scholar and rabbinic literature, where his conclusions resurface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to verify the possibility of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz authoring the anonymous part of the baroque play La Segunda Celestina , commissioned to Agustín de Salazar, and left unfinished after his death. This is a first systematic stylometric study on this problem and a baroque hispanoamerican text. In our study, we faced building a balanced corpus from few available resources, and took extensive evaluation measures to deal with unclear stylometric signals. We use a variety of established attribution and verification methods, and introduce a novel evaluation procedure of examining historic texts with scarce corpora. The results support Sor Juana's authorship, and unravel new connections between her and other authors of the time, showing, still undermined, powerful impact of her works on the epoch. The solutions adopted in solving methodological problems of such a complex task show how stylometry can overcome similar challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ideas y Valores is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Collected Papers of the Law Faculty of the University of Rijeka / Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci is the property of Pravni fakultet Sveucilista u Rijeci and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: Questionable research practices (QRPs) lead to incorrect research results and contribute to irreproducibility in science. Researchers and institutions have proposed open science practices (OSPs) to improve the detectability of QRPs and the credibility of science. We examine the prevalence of QRPs and OSPs in criminology, and researchers' opinions of those practices. Methods: We administered an anonymous survey to authors of articles published in criminology journals. Respondents self-reported their own use of 10 QRPs and 5 OSPs. They also estimated the prevalence of use by others, and reported their attitudes toward the practices. Results: QRPs and OSPs are both common in quantitative criminology, about as common as they are in other fields. Criminologists who responded to our survey support using QRPs in some circumstances, but are even more supportive of using OSPs. We did not detect a significant relationship between methodological training and either QRP or OSP use. Support for QRPs is negatively and significantly associated with support for OSPs. Perceived prevalence estimates for some practices resembled a uniform distribution, suggesting criminologists have little knowledge of the proportion of researchers that engage in certain questionable practices. Conclusions: Most quantitative criminologists in our sample have used QRPs, and many have used multiple QRPs. Moreover, there was substantial support for QRPs, raising questions about the validity and reproducibility of published criminological research. We found promising levels of OSP use, albeit at levels lagging what researchers endorse. The findings thus suggest that additional reforms are needed to decrease QRP use and increase the use of OSPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Institute / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Bingol University / Rectorate and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is about the individuation of incorporeal beings in the Kalām fī maḥḍ al-ẖayr or Liber de Causis (LdC). Bearing that in mind, I will introduce the hierarchy of beings, especially the distinction between the intellect and the soul. After a brief parallel between the types of principles in the LdC (first cause, intellect and soul) and in Proclus' Elements of Theology (One, limit-unlimited, henádes, intellect and soul), I will discuss the absence of the divine henádes in the LdC and some difficulties faced by the anonymous author due to his changes in the Proclian metaphysical model. Riggs (2017) understands that the anonymous author of the LdC developed a new theory to explain the individuation of beings based on two kinds of activities: the act of creating performed by the first cause and the act of informing performed by the first created intellect. However, these two activities are not able to justify some aspects of individuation since each one of them is a unique act performed by an external principle, i.e., the first cause and the first intellect, not by an immanent one. An alternative interpretation of the theory of individuation found in the LdC will be proposed based on two criteria: the principle of similarity (LdC X) and the principle of proportionality (LdC IX, XI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]