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The establishment of non-native species can result in complex shifts in food-web structure and ecosystem function that alter the bioaccumulation, transfer, and biomagnification of contaminants. Hemimysis anomala (the bloody red shrimp), a mysid native to the Ponto-Caspian region that is now established throughout the Laurentian Great Lakes region (North America) and Europe, is characterized by high densities and a trophic ecology that may be consequential to mercury fluxes and bioaccumulation. We combined methylmercury (MeHg) and stable isotope (δ15N and δ13C) analyses of invertebrates from Seneca Lake (NY, USA) to test the hypotheses that mercury concentrations differ among (1) H. anomala and native or naturalized analogs due to food-web position and (2) stages of H. anomala due to ontogenetic diet shifts. The MeHg concentration and δ15N of H. anomala exceeded other littoral invertebrates (such as amphipods, dreissenid mussels, and zooplankton >153 μm) and were as high as the pelagic, native Mysis diluviana. These taxa-specific patterns indicate intensified biomagnification of MeHg is possible in nearshore and reef-spawning fish following the establishment of H. anomala, an energy-dense prey item for economically and ecologically important fish. Larger, adult H. anomala had higher MeHg concentrations and more enriched δ15N than juveniles, and H. anomala collected at a littoral site had higher MeHg than a canal site. These intraspecies contrasts are consistent with the shift toward zooplanktivory in adult H. anomala. As both putative prey for fish and competitors for shared zooplankton resources, H. anomala may impact fish in compounding ways.

A new species of the genus Thysanoptyx Hampson, 1894, T. anomala sp. n. is described from the north-western part of the Yunnan Province of China. The new species is similar to T. brevimacula (Alphéraky, 1897) widely distributed in mainland China. Adults, male and female genitalia of both species are illustrated.

We herein report on the first chemical assessment of Erythrococca anomala (Juss. ex Poir.) Prain (Euphorbiaceae), a genus that was – to the best of our knowledge – not studied yet from a phytochemical perspective. A molecular networking strategy was implemented to rapidly identify the known specialized metabolites from untargeted MS/MS analyses of E. anomala leaves ethanolic extract. This strategy allowed for the identification of diverse C-glycosyl flavones and a cursory examination of MS/MS spectra could extend the GNPS-provided annotation to pinpoint the structural novelty of further derivatives. The isolation of the sought-after structures could be streamlined based on MS-guidance and their structures, determined through extensive NMR analyses, displayed structural features in line with MS²-based predictions. Anticipating sharp structural features at an early stage of the dereplication process through a critical assessment of the tandem mass spectrometric landmarks was essential to embark on the isolation of the newly reported structures owing to the elevated number of flavonoid glycosides isomers thereof formerly known, which would have deterred us from isolating them without the support of additional tandem mass spectrometric information. The isolation of the main components of the ethanolic extract completed the currently provided chemical report on E. anomala, also resulting in the description of a new phenylethanoid derivative (3) and of a new orcinol-based dimer (4). Anomaloflavone (1) exhibit significant activities with minimal inhibitory concentration values of 25 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium smegmatis while failing to exert an antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while being devoid of cytotoxicity against SiHa cells.

Plants belonging to family Paeoniaceae are not only economically important ornamental plants but also medicinal plants used as an important source of traditional Chinese medicine. Owing to the complex network evolution and polyploidy evolution of this family, its systematics and taxonomy are controversial and require a detailed investigation. In this study, three complete chloroplast genomes of sect. Paeonia, one of the sections of Paeonia, were sequenced and then analysed together with 16 other published chloroplast genomes of Paeoniaceae species. The total lengths of the chloroplast genomes of these species were 152,153–154,405 bp. A total of 82–87 protein-coding genes, 31–40 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes were annotated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed 61–74 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the chloroplast genomes, most of which have A/T base preference. Codon usage analysis showed that A/U-ending codons were more positive than C/G-ending codons, and a slight bias in codon usage was observed in these species. A comparative analysis of these 19 species of Paeoniaceae was then conducted. Fourteen highly variable regions were selected for species relationship study. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the species of sect. Paeonia gathered in one branch and then divided into different small branches. P. lactiflora, P. anomala, P. anomala subsp. veitchii and P. mairei clustered together. P. intermedia was related to P. obovata and P. obovata subsp. willmottiae. P. emodi was the sister to all other species in the sect. Paeonia.

Anomala hualienensis Zhao, new species [ẄÄ异fflŵoi/ḢM條ŵff] (Figs. 1A–C, 2A–C, 3A–C) Type material. Holotype: ♂ (NMNS), Taiwan Island, Hualien, Kuangfu logging road [= 光復IJdz], 820~ 890m, 2020-V-30, Y.-T. Chien leg., by mercury lamp trap. Paratypes: 17♂♂, 25♀♀ (1♂, 2♀♀ in NMNS, 10♂♂, 17♀♀ in CCPC, 2♂♂, 2♀♀ in CZPC, 2♂♂, 2♀♀ in IZAS, 2♂♂, 2♀♀ in TARI), same data as holotype; 116♂♂, 125♀♀ (66♂♂, 75♀♀ in CCPC, 50♂♂, 50♀♀ in ZMPC), ditto, but “ 2021-V-13 ”; 47♂♂, 103♀♀ (CCPC), ditto, but “ 2021- V-21 ”; 4♂♂, 12♀♀ (CCPC), Kuangfu logging road, 1000m, 24-V-2009, Wen-I Chou leg. Description. Holotype male (Fig. 1A–C). Body length: 15.8 mm, greatest width: 8.1 mm. General appearance. Body shape elongated ovoid, convex. Entirely metallic green, elytra and abdomen predominantly red, antenna dark brown. Head. Clypeus subtrapezoidal, anterior corner broadly rounded; anterior margin nearly straight and weakly reflexed; surface densely rugopunctate. Frontoclypeal suture distinct. An inverted triangular area at anterior half of frons rugopunctate, gradually changing into small punctures, other portions of frons and vertex with sparse minute punctures. Antennal club slightly longer than antennomeres 1–6 combined. Inner margin of eye with several moderately long setae. Pronotum. Sides nearly subparallel in posterior two fifth, then gently curved, strongly convergent anteriad in anterior three fifth. Anterior angle acute and weakly protruding, posterior angle blunt. All marginal lines complete. With sparse small punctures. Lateral margin with several long setae. Scutellum. Subtriangular, lateral margin arched. With moderately dense minute punctures somewhat irregularly distributed, impunctate at central area and the curved margins. Elytra. Interstices flat, primary costae slightly convex; strial punctures moderately dense, annulated and large. Interstices I to IV each with a secondary stria; interstice I (the subsutural interstice) broadest, with secondary stria irregularly doubled; all these secondary striae obsolete before the level of apical umbone, except for that on interstice III, which has several scattered punctures before humeral umbone. Primary costae without additional striae. Humeral umbone and apical protuberance moderately bulging. Lateral carina distinct in basal half. Epipleura with a row of sparse short setae. Marginal membrane complete. Propygidium. With dense small and transverse punctures sometimes coalescent, punctures coarse near sides. Glabrous. Pygidium. Weakly bulging, posterior margin broadly arched apically. With dense transverse small punctures, punctures being denser at marginal portions. With several short setae distributed near posterior margin, posterior margin with a row of moderately long setae near apex. Ventral thoracic surface. Hypomeron irregularly striolate and sparse short setae. Collar of mesosternite with irregularly distributed small punctures and dense short setae at each side. Other portions of mesosternite with very dense coarse punctures and dense long setae. Ventral metathoracic surface with dense to very dense, semi-annulated large punctures which usually coalescent, and dense long setae at each side; with small dense punctures and sparse short setae medially. Abdominal ventrites. With moderately dense, transverse large punctures. Ventrites 2–5 each with a transverse row of sparse moderately long setae, the rows interrupted medially, setae sometimes becoming spiniform in ventrites 4–5; ventrite 6 with a complete row of setae along posterior margin. Legs. Protibia bidentate, both teeth distinct and sharp, apical tooth longer, extending to level of halfway of protarsomere 3. Inner spur situated at the level of proximal tooth. Inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw split apically, lower branches distinctly longer and thicker, the lower branch of inner protarsal claw strongly concave internobasally. Protarsus slightly thickened. Each tarsomere 5 with a strong internomedial protuberance. Outer metatarsal claw slightly longer than inner one. Mesofemoral surface with three transverse rows of setae, first row at anterior margin with long setae, a second row at middle and a third row at posterior margin with short to moderately long, robuster setae; metafemoral surface with three transverse rows of moderately long setae, anterior row at anterior margin, a second row slightly behind middle with long setae, and a third row at posterior margin with short setae. Male genitalia. See Fig. 3A–C. Paratypes. Males. Body length: 14.6–16.4 mm, greatest width: 7.6–8.3 mm. External features and shape of parameres consistent. Sometimes the metallic green part with distinct blue sheen. Females (Fig. 2A–C). Body length: 16.2–17.8 mm, greatest width: 8.8–9.3 mm. Generally similar to male, but stouter and more convex. Antennal club almost equally as long as antennomeres 1–6 combined. Lateral carina more distinct in basal third of elytra. Pygidium more triangular in shape. Protibia and protarsus distinctly thinner than in male; both protibial teeth blunt at apex, apical tooth extending to level of base of protarsomere 3; inner spur situated at halfway of protibia; internomedial protuberance of protarsomere 5 small; upper and lower branches of inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw almost equal in length, but the lower branches are still thicker; metatibia more fusiform. Differential diagnosis. Anomala hualienensis Zhao, new species can be assigned to the Anomala semicastanea species-group (sensu Lin 2000) according to the morphological similarities. The shape of aedeagus suggests that its closest relatives are A. semicastanea Fairmaire, 1888 (Figs. 1D–F, 2D–F, 3D–F) from southeastern part of mainland China and A. quelparta Okamoto, 1924, endemic to Jeju Island off the coast of Korean peninsula. The new species can be distinguished by the wider protibia and protarsus, as well as the more divided parameres with distinctly sinuate inner margins and shorter apical denticles. The new species is externally similar to A. insulicola Lin, 2000 from Hainan and A. shimenensis Lin, 2000 from Hunan, but both species have bidentate and adjacent parameres (vs. unidentate and divided parameres in A. hualienensis). Remarks. The new species was misidentified as Anomala semicastanea by Kobayashi & Chou (2008). Etymology. This species is named after Hualien County, where the type material was collected. Distribution. Taiwan Island (Hualien)., Published as part of Zhao, Ming-Zhi & Zorn, Carsten, 2022, Contribution to the genus Anomala Samouelle, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Rutelinae) of China and adjacent regions. Part II: six new species from Taiwan and Hainan, pp. 175-195 in Zootaxa 5168 (2) on pages 176-179, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6877267, {"references":["Lin, P. (2000) Anomala semicastanea species group (Coleoptera: Rutelidae) of China. Entomotaxonomia, 22 (1), 37 - 41.","Kobayashi, H. & Chou, W. I. (2008) Description of a new genus of Anomalini and two new species of Hopliini and Melolonthini from Taiwan, with two new records of scarabaeid beetles. Kogane, 9, 69 - 76."]}

Anomala kanshireiensis Zorn & Zhao, new species [关T岭异fflŵoi/ṞTĂ條ŵff] (Figs. 6, 8E–F, 9H–J, 9N–O) Type material. Holotype: ♂ (MFNB), Formosa, Sauter, Kanshirei [= Guanziling in Tainan City, ṞTĂ], 908. V. 19-27. Paratypes: 1♂, 3♀♀ (MFNB), same data as holotype; 3♂♂ (MFNB), Formosa, Sauter, Kanshirei, 908. V. 17-24.; 1♂ (MFNB), Formosa, Sauter, Kanshirei, 908. V. 1-9; 1♂ (MFNB), Formosa, Sauter, Kanshirei, 908. V. 19-26.; 3♂♂, 1♀ (SMNS), TAIWAN, Kanshirei, 2. - 14. 6. 1908, H. Sauter leg.; 1♂ (HNHM), Formosa, Sauter, Kanshirei, 908. V-1-2-14. Description. Holotype male (Figs. 6A–C, 8E, 9K–M). Body length: 11.8 mm, greatest width: 6.7 mm. General appearance. Body shape elongated ovoid, weakly convex. Entirely dark reddish brown, with weak green metallic sheen. Head (Fig. 8E). Clypeus subtrapezoidal, anterior corner broadly rounded; anterior margin somewhat rounded and strongly reflexed; surface densely rugopunctate. Frontoclypeal suture distinct. An inverted triangular area at anterior half of frons densely rugopunctate, other portions of frons and vertex with irregularly distributed dense small punctures. Antennal club longer than antennomeres 2–6 combined. Inner margin of eye with several moderately long setae (mostly worn in the holotype). Pronotum. Sides gently arched and convergent anteriad. Anterior angle acute and protruding, posterior angle obtuse, rounded off. Basal marginal line interrupted before scutellum, other marginal lines complete. With dense small punctures, punctures being partly coalescent at marginal portions; with a very weakly indicated longitudinal medial furrow not reaching the base. Lateral margin with several long setae, two moderately long to long semierect setae on disc of pronotum. Scutellum. Subtriangular, lateral margin arched. Margins with polished appearance, disc with irregularly distributed moderately large punctures. Disc with two semierect long setae. Elytra. Intervals strongly convex; strial punctures dense to very dense, annulated and large, punctures of secondary striae unequally spaced; the whole surface with scattered minute punctures. Interstices I to III each with a secondary stria; interstice I (the subsutural interstice) broadest, with secondary stria shortly doubled in basal fourth; the other secondary striae reaching the level of apical protuberance and usually interrupted, secondary stria of interstice II obsolete between level of scutellar apex to midway of elytron. Primary costae without additional striae. Humeral umbone and apical protuberance moderately bulging. Lateral carina indistinct. Epipleura with a row of moderately dense long setae. Marginal membrane complete. Propygidium. With dense transverse punctures, usually coalescent into transverse striolation; glabrous. Pygidium. Distinctly bulging, posterior margin protruding. Disc with dense ovoid large punctures, becoming striate near all margins; punctures encircling greatest tumidity. With several short setae distributed along posterior margin, posterior margin with a row of long setae near apex. Ventral thoracic surface. Hypomeron with dense coalescent striolation and moderately dense long setae. Collar of mesosternite transversely striolate with dense recumbent short setae. Other portions of mesosternite with small punctures and somewhat rugopunctate, with dense short setae. Ventral metathoracic surface with dense annulated moderately large punctures and dense, rather long setae; with minute punctures and almost glabrous medially. Abdominal ventrites. Ventrites 1–2 and anterior half of 3 weakly carinate laterally. Ventrites 2–5 with irregularly distributed small punctures, punctures coalescent into striolation in ventrite 6. Ventrites 2–5 each with a transverse row of sparse and moderately long setae; ventrite 6 with a complete row of long setae along posterior margin. Legs. Protibia tridentate, apical and second tooth acute at apex, proximal tooth small; apical tooth extending to level of halfway of protarsomere 2. Inner spur inserted at the level of the indention between proximal and second tooth. Inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw split apically, lower branches longer and wider, the lower branch of inner protarsal claw concave internobasally. Each tarsomere 5 with an internomedial protuberance. Outer metatarsal claw slightly longer than inner one. Mesofemoral surface with transverse rows of long setae, several irregular rows between two regular rows, one at anterior margin and another situated behind middle, the row at posterior margin usually with shorter setae. Metafemoral surface with three transverse rows of sparse long setae, the first row at anterior margin, a second row situated behind middle with robuster setae, and a third row at posterior margin with short setae. Male genitalia. See Fig. 9H–J. Parameres asymmetric, right paramere longer. Ventral plate flat, apex acute. Paratypes. Males. Body length: 11.5–13.0 mm, greatest width: 6.5–7.5 mm. External features and shape of parameres consistent. Semierect longer setae on scutellum and disc of pronotum are only present in few males but might be worn off in other specimens. Females (Figs. 6D–F, 8F). Body length: 12.3–13.0 mm, greatest width: 7.0– 7.9 mm. Generally similar to male. Antennal club almost equally as long as antennomeres 2–6 combined. Sides of pronotum more strongly curved. Pygidium more bulging, shorter than in male. Protibia and protarsomeres thinner than in male; apical protibial tooth tongue-shaped, almost extends to level of apex of protarsomere 3; the other two teeth blunt at apex, proximal tooth indistinct; inner spur situated at the level of the proximal tooth; internomedial protuberance of protarsomere 5 small; upper and lower branches of inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw almost equal in length. Ventral metathoracic surface less setose than in male. Semierect longer setae on scutellum and disc of pronotum are only present in the minority of females but might be worn off in some specimens. Differential diagnosis. Anomala kanshireiensis Zorn & Zhao, new species is most similar to A. inclinata Zhao & Zorn, new species. Above all, the general body color is reddish brown in A. kanshireiensis but blackish brown in A. inclinata. The interrupted secondary stria of interstice II is more complete than in A. inclinata. The aedeagi of the two species are similar in shape. The left paramere is shorter and has a less curved apex compared to A. inclinata. The left paramere is placed slightly above the right paramere in lateral view (parameres are overlapping in A. inclinata). The apex of the ventral plate is acute in A. kanshireiensis but arched in A. inclinata. The endophallites of the two species show considerable differences: the two dorsal endophallites are spaced with one being relatively long in A. kanshireiensis (Fig. 9N–O), they are adjacent and both short in A. inclinata (Fig. 9P–Q); the ventral endophallite is a curved spine in A. kanshireiensis, while it is a serrated sclerite in A. inclinata. Etymology. The specific epithet is alluding to the historical name of the type locality, Kanshirei. Distribution. Taiwan Island (Tainan)., Published as part of Zhao, Ming-Zhi & Zorn, Carsten, 2022, Contribution to the genus Anomala Samouelle, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Rutelinae) of China and adjacent regions. Part II: six new species from Taiwan and Hainan, pp. 175-195 in Zootaxa 5168 (2) on pages 184-187, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6877267

Anomala linwenhsini Zhao & Zorn, new species [Ž信异fflŵoi/Ž信條ŵff] (Figs. 4, 8A–B, 9A–C) Type material. Holotype: ♂ (NMNS), Taiwan Island, Pingtung, Shuangliu [= Ḇ流], Yintun [= 尹屯], 2008-VI-29, Wen-Hsin Lin leg. Paratypes: 1♂ (HKPC), Nantou, Sun Moon Lake, 4-VI-1981, Chin-Kin Yu leg.; 2♂♂ (CCPC, ZMPC), Pingtung, Fengkang [= RAE], 2008-VI-11, Wen-Hsin Lin leg.; 4♂♂, 1♀ (CZPC), Taitung [actually Pingtung], Schouchia env. [= Ŕ+], 315m, 18.5.2012, N 22.20670°, E 120.86034°, Walter Grosser lgt. Description. Holotype male (Figs. 4A–C, 8A, 9A–C). Body length: 15.3 mm, greatest width: 7.9 mm. General appearance. Body shape elongated ovoid, weakly convex. Entirely reddish brown; sutural line of elytra black; joints of tibiae and femora, apices of tarsomeres dark brown. Head (Fig. 8A). Clypeus subrectangular, anterior corner broadly rounded; anterior margin straight and strongly reflexed; surface with dense coarse punctures, somewhat coalescent. Frontoclypeal suture distinct. An inverted triangular area at anterior half of frons rugopunctate, other portions of frons and vertex with dense small punctures. Antennal club longer than antennomeres 2–6 combined. Inner margin of eye with several short setae. Pronotum. Sides gently arched and convergent anteriad. Anterior angle acute and protruding, posterior angle round. Basal marginal line interrupted before scutellum, other marginal lines complete. With dense annulated small punctures, punctures being coalescent near lateral margins, smooth before scutellum; with a longitudinal medial furrow not reaching the base. Lateral margin with several long setae. Scutellum. Subtriangular, lateral margin arched. Margins with polished appearance, disc with irregularly distributed small punctures. Disc with one semierect setae (others probably worn out). Elytra. Intervals convex; strial punctures dense to very dense, annulated and large, punctures of secondary striae irregular in spaces; the whole surface with scattered minute punctures. Interstices I to IV each with a secondary stria; interstice I (the subsutural interstice) broadest, with secondary stria irregularly doubled in basal two third; all secondary striae reaching the level of apical protuberance and usually interrupted, secondary stria of interstice II obsolete from basal fourth to halfway of elytron. Primary costae without additional striae. Humeral umbone and apical protuberance moderately bulging. Lateral carina indistinct. Epipleura with a row of moderately dense long setae. Marginal membrane complete. Propygidium. With dense transverse large punctures, usually coalescent. Glabrous. Pygidium. Distinctly bulging, posterior margin protruding. With very dense transverse large punctures, punctures more ovoid near each side; punctures encircling greatest tumidity. Posterior margin with a row of long setae near apex. Ventral thoracic surface. Hypomeron with irregular striolation and sparse long setae. Collar of mesosternite transversely striolate with dense recumbent short setae. Other portions of mesosternite with shallow small punctures which usually coalescent into irregular striolation, with dense short setae. Ventral metathoracic surface with very dense, shallow and annulated large punctures and dense, rather long setae at each side; with minute punctures and glabrous medially. Abdominal ventrites. Ventrites 1–2, and anterior half of 3 weakly carinate laterally. Ventrites 2–5 with transverse, small or large punctures, punctures coalescent into striolation in ventrite 6. Ventrites 2–5 each with a transverse row of sparse, recumbent and moderately long setae, the rows broadly interrupted medially; ventrite 6 with a complete row of recumbent long setae along posterior margin. Legs. Protibia tridentate, apical and second teeth blunt at apex, proximal tooth indistinct; apical tooth almost extending to level of apex of protarsomere 2. Inner spur situated at the level of the second tooth. Inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw split apically, lower branches longer and distinctly wider, the lower branch of inner protarsal claw strongly concave internobasally. Protarsus slightly thickened. Each tarsomere 5 with an indistinct internomedial protuberance. Outer metatarsal claw slightly longer than inner one. Mesofemoral surface with transverse rows of long setae, several irregular rows between two regular rows, one at anterior margin and another situated behind middle, the row at posterior margin regular with shorter setae. Metafemoral surface with three transverse rows of sparse long setae, the first row at anterior margin and somewhat doubled, a second row situated behind middle with robuster setae, and a third row at posterior margin with short setae. Male genitalia. See Fig. 9A–C. Parameres weakly asymmetric: the left paramere acute at apex, the right paramere round at apex. Ventral plate elongated and curved downwards at apex. Paratypes. Males. Body length: 14.4–15.9 mm, greatest width: 7.7–8.5 mm. External features and shape of parameres consistent. One male with a long erect seta on disc of pronotum. Female (Figs. 4D–F, 8B). Body length: 14.7 mm, greatest width: 8.2 mm. Generally similar to male. Anterior margin of clypeus weakly reflexed (Fig. 8B); antennal club almost equally as long as antennomeres 2–6 combined. Pygidium less bulging. Protibia and protarsomeres thinner than in male; apical protibial tooth tongue-shaped, extending to level of base of protarsomere 3; inner spur situated slightly before the level of the proximal tooth; internomedial protuberance of protarsomere 5 small; upper and lower branches of inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw almost equal in length, but the lower branches are still thicker. Differential diagnosis. In the Anomala linwenhsini -species group, A. linwenhsini Zhao & Zorn, new species is easily characterized by the subrectangular clypeus in both sexes (subtrapezoidal in other three species). The parameres are almost symmetric with the apices slightly unequal. The ventral plate of aedeagus is elongated and curved downwards at apex (apex not elongated in other three species). Moreover, this is the largest species of this group. Remarks. The specimen identified as Anomala inconcinna in Yu et al. (1998) was examined and proved to be A. linwenhsini Zhao & Zorn, new species. This new species is active in March to April according to Yu et al. (1998), but the type series suggests that it is also active in May and June. Etymology. This species is named after the late Mr. Wen-Hsin Lin, who collected some of the type specimens. Distribution. Taiwan Island (Pingtung, Nantou)., Published as part of Zhao, Ming-Zhi & Zorn, Carsten, 2022, Contribution to the genus Anomala Samouelle, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Rutelinae) of China and adjacent regions. Part II: six new species from Taiwan and Hainan, pp. 175-195 in Zootaxa 5168 (2) on pages 180-182, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6877267, {"references":["Yu, C. K., Kobayashi, H. & Chu, Y. I. (1998) The Scarabaeidae of Taiwan. Mu Sheng Company, Taipei, 263 pp."]}

Anomala inclinata Zhao & Zorn, new species [DZṜ异fflŵoi/Øae條ŵff] (Figs. 7, 8G–H, 9K–M, 9P–Q) Type material. Holotype: ♂ (NMNS), Taiwan Island, Taitung, Taimali [= kDzae], 2008-IV-12. Paratype: 1♀ (CCPC), same data as holotype. Description. Holotype male (Figs. 7A–C, 8G, 9H–J, 9P–Q). Body length: 13.0 mm, greatest width: 7.3 mm. General appearance. Body shape elongated ovoid, weakly convex. Entirely blackish brown, with weak green metallic sheen. Head (Fig. 8G). Clypeus subtrapezoidal, anterior corner broadly rounded; anterior margin somewhat rounded and strongly reflexed; surface densely rugopunctate. Frontoclypeal suture distinct. An inverted triangular area at anterior half of frons densely rugopunctate, other portions of frons and vertex with irregularly distributed, dense small punctures. Antennal club longer than antennomeres 2–6 combined. Inner margin of eye with several moderately long setae. Pronotum. Sides gently arched and convergent anteriad. Anterior angle acute and protruding, posterior angle round. Basal marginal line interrupted before scutellum, other marginal lines complete. With dense small punctures, punctures being coalescent at marginal portions, impunctate before scutellum; with a longitudinal medial furrow not reaching the base. Lateral margin with several long setae. Scutellum. Subtriangular, lateral margin arched. Margins with polished appearance, disc with irregularly distributed coarse punctures. Disc with some semierect short setae. Elytra. Intervals strongly convex; strial punctures dense to very dense, annulated and large, punctures of secondary striae unequal in spaces; the whole surface with scattered minute punctures. Interstices I to III each with a secondary stria; interstice I (the subsutural interstice) broadest, with secondary stria shortly doubled in basal third; all secondary striae reaching the level of apical protuberance and usually interrupted, secondary stria of interstice II obsolete from the level of scutellar apex to apical two fifth. Primary costae without additional striae. Humeral umbone and apical protuberance moderately bulging. Lateral carina indistinct. Epipleura with a row of moderately dense long setae. Marginal membrane complete. Propygidium. With dense transverse punctures, usually coalescent into transverse striolation; glabrous. Pygidium. Distinctly bulging, posterior margin protruding. Disc with dense ovoid large punctures, punctures more transverse near all margins. With several short setae distributed along posterior margin, posterior margin with a row of long setae near apex. Ventral thoracic surface. Hypomeron with dense coalescent striolation and moderately dense long setae. Collar of mesosternite transversely striolate with dense recumbent short setae. Other portions of mesosternite with small punctures and somewhat rugopunctate, with dense short setae. Ventral metathoracic surface with dense annulated small punctures and dense, rather long setae at each side; with minute punctures and glabrous medially. Abdominal ventrites. Ventrites 1–2 and anterior half of 3 weakly carinate laterally. Ventrites 2–5 with irregularly distributed small punctures, punctures coalescent into striolation in ventrite 6. Ventrites 2–5 each with a transverse row of sparse and moderately long setae, interrupted medially in ventrites 3–4; ventrite 6 with a complete row of long setae along posterior margin. Legs. Protibia tridentate, apical and second teeth acute at apices, proximal tooth small; apical tooth extending to level of halfway of protarsomere 2. Inner spur inserted at the level indention between second and proximal tooth. Inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw split apically, lower branches longer and wider, the lower branch of inner protarsal claw concave internobasally. Each tarsomere 5 with an internomedial protuberance. Outer metatarsal claw slightly longer than inner one. Mesofemoral surface with transverse rows of long setae, several irregular rows between two regular rows, one at anterior margin and another situated behind middle, the row at posterior margin usually with shorter setae. Metafemoral surface with three transverse rows of sparse long setae, the first row at anterior margin, a second row situated behind middle with robuster setae, and a third row at posterior margin with short setae. Male genitalia. See Fig. 9K–M. Parameres asymmetric, right paramere longer. Ventral plate flat, apex arched. Paratype. Female (Figs. 7D–F, 8H). Body length: 13.5 mm, greatest width: 6.9 mm. Generally similar to male. Antennal club almost equally as long as antennomeres 2–6 combined. Pygidium more bulging, shorter than in male. Protibia and protarsomeres thinner than in male; apical protibial tooth tongue-shaped, almost extends to level of apex of protarsomere 2; other two teeth blunt at apex, the third one indistinct; inner spur situated at the level of the third tooth; internomedial protuberance of protarsomere 5 small; upper and lower branches of inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw almost equal in length. Ventral metathoracic surface less setose than in male. Differential diagnosis. See differential diagnosis of Anomala kanshireiensis Zorn & Zhao, new species. Etymology. The specific epithet derives from the Latin adjective “ inclinatus, -a, -um ”, alluding to the inclined parameres of this species. Distribution. Taiwan Island (Taitung).

Anomala wutaiensis Zhao & Zorn, new species [Ẩ台异fflŵoi / ÃAE條ŵff] (Figs. 5, 8C–D, 9D–G) Type material. Holotype: ♂ (NMNS), Taiwan Island, Pingtung, Wutai Township [= ÃAEď], Ali [= Kae], 1300 m, 2.VI.2014, Yu-Feng Hsu leg. Paratypes: 1♂, 1♀ (ZMPC), Taiwan Island, [Pingtung], Wutai, 120.74E 22.74N 1040 m, light trap, 2018-V-5, Hai-Tian Song leg.; 4♂♂, 2♀♀ (ZMPC), Wutai, light trap, 2018-V-12, Hai-Tian Song leg; 1♀ (CCPC), Wutai, Shenshan [= Ñ山], 1998-IV-30, Chang-Chin Chen leg. Description. Holotype male (Figs. 5A–C, 8C, 9D–G). Body length: 14.0 mm, greatest width: 7.3 mm. General appearance. Body shape elongated ovoid, weakly convex. Entirely reddish brown, color darkened at head and pronotum, as well as sides of scutellum; sutural line of elytra black; joints of tibiae and femora, apices of tarsomeres dark brown. Head (Fig. 8C). Clypeus subtrapezoidal, anterior corner broadly rounded; anterior margin somewhat rounded and strongly reflexed; surface with dense small punctures. Frontoclypeal suture distinct. An inverted triangular area at anterior half of frons rugopunctate, other portions of frons and vertex with dense small punctures. Antennal club longer than antennomeres 2–6 combined. Inner margin of eye with two moderately long setae. Pronotum. Sides gently arched and convergent anteriad. Anterior angle acute and protruding, posterior angle round. Basal marginal line interrupted before scutellum, other marginal lines complete. With dense annulated small punctures, punctures somewhat coalescent near lateral margins, a narrow longitudinal line at posterior third impunctate. Lateral margin with several long setae. Scutellum. Nearly triangular. Margins with polished appearance, disc with moderately dense large punctures. Disc with a few semierect moderately long setae. Elytra. Intervals convex; strial punctures dense to very dense, annulated and large, punctures of secondary striae irregular in spaces; the whole surface with scattered minute punctures. Interstices I to III each with a secondary stria; interstice I (the subsutural interstice) broadest, with secondary stria doubled in basal third; all secondary striae reaching the level of apical protuberance and usually interrupted, secondary stria of interstice II obsolete from basal fourth to apical third. Primary costae without additional striae. Humeral umbone and apical protuberance moderately bulging. Lateral carina indistinct. Epipleura with a row of moderately dense long setae. Marginal membrane complete. Propygidium. With dense transverse punctures coalescent into transverse striolation. Glabrous Pygidium. Distinctly bulging, posterior margin protruding. With very dense transverse large punctures, punctures more ovoid near each side; punctures encircling greatest tumidity. With several short setae distributed along posterior margin, posterior margin with a row of long setae near apex. Ventral thoracic surface. Hypomeron with dense coalescent striolation and moderately dense long setae. Collar of mesosternite transversely striolate with dense recumbent short setae. Other portions of mesosternite with shallow large punctures which usually coalescent into irregular striolation, with dense short setae. Ventral metathoracic surface with dense to very dense, shallow and annulated large punctures and dense, rather long setae at each side; with minute punctures and glabrous medially. Abdominal ventrites. Ventrites 1–2, and anterior half of 3 weakly carinate laterally. Ventrites 2–5 with irregularly distributed small or large punctures, punctures coalescent into striolation in ventrite 6. Ventrites 2–5 each with a transverse row of sparse and moderately long setae, the setae sometimes recumbent, the rows broadly interrupted medially; ventrite 6 with a complete row of recumbent long setae along posterior margin. Legs. Protibia tridentate, the apical and the second teeth blunt at apex, proximal tooth small; apical tooth almost extending to level of apex of protarsomere 2. Inner spur situated at the level of the second tooth. Inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw split apically, lower branches longer and distinctly wider, the lower branch of inner protarsal claw strongly concave internobasally. Protarsus slightly thickened. Each tarsomere 5 with an indistinct internomedial protuberance. Outer metatarsal claw slightly longer than inner one. Mesofemoral surface with transverse rows of long setae, several irregular rows between two regular rows, one at anterior margin and another situated behind middle, the row at posterior margin regular with shorter setae. Metafemoral surface with three transverse rows of sparse long setae, the first row at anterior margin, a second row situated behind middle with robuster setae, and a third row at posterior margin with short setae. Male genitalia. See Fig. 9D–G. Parameres strongly asymmetric. The right paramere distinctly shorter than the left one. Ventral plate deflected at apex. Paratypes. Males. Body length: 12.0– 13.7 mm, greatest width: 6.7–7.6 mm. External features and shape of parameres consistent. A male has lighter body color and two short semierect setae on disc of pronotum. Another male with a long erect seta near posterior margin of pronotum. Females (Figs. 5D–F, 8D). Body length: 12.3–13.9 mm, greatest width: 6.8–8.1 mm. Generally similar to male, but less convex. Body color dark brown to blackish brown. Anterior margin of clypeus weakly reflexed (Fig. 8D); antennal club almost equal to antennomeres 2–6 combined. Scutellum has straighter lateral margin. Pygidium less bulging, shorter than in male. Protibia and protarsomeres thinner than in male; apical protibial teeth tongue-shaped, extends to level of base of protarsomere 3; inner spur situated at the level of the third tooth; internomedial protuberance of protarsomere 5 small; upper and lower branches of inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw almost equal in length, but the lower branches are still thicker. The setae of the setose rows situated behind the middle of meso- and metafemoral surfaces are longer than in male. Differential diagnosis. Anomala wutaiensis Zhao & Zorn, new species is similar to A. kanshireiensis Zorn & Zhao, new species and A. inclinata Zhao & Zorn, new species. However, interstice II of A. wutaiensis is slightly wider than in the other two species. The secondary stria of interstice II is obsolete approximately between basal fourth and apical third of elytron, while it is obsolete from level of scutellar apex to midway of elytron in A. kanshireiensis and to apical two fifth of elytron in A. inclinata. Moreover, A. wutaiensis has the thickest aedeagus among the A. linwenhsini -species group. The parameres are strongly asymmetric. The ventral plate of aedeagus is deflected at apex but flat in A. kanshireiensis and A. inclinata. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from Wutai, where the type series was collected. Distribution. Taiwan Island (Pingtung)., Published as part of Zhao, Ming-Zhi & Zorn, Carsten, 2022, Contribution to the genus Anomala Samouelle, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Rutelinae) of China and adjacent regions. Part II: six new species from Taiwan and Hainan, pp. 175-195 in Zootaxa 5168 (2) on pages 182-184, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6877267

The Anomala linwenhsini -species group Four of the new species from Taiwan described in the present paper, i.e. A. linwenhsini Zhao & Zorn, new species, A. wutaiensis Zhao & Zorn, new species, A. kanshireiensis Zorn & Zhao, new species and A. inclinata Zhao & Zorn, new species comprise a homologous group. They are characterized by the combination of the following characters: body moderately convex, anterior margin of clypeus distinctly reflexed, elytral intervals strongly convex, strial punctures dense and large, lateral carina indistinct, epipleura with a row of long setae, protibia distinctly tridentate in both sexes, metatibia rather slender and not fusiform, parameres fully separated and more or less asymmetric, scutellar surface and disc of pronotum before scutellum with few short to long erect setae. The latter setae have so far not be found in all examined specimens, and the authors are uncertain at this point whether they are worn off in these cases or not present in all specimens. Anomala inconcinna Bates, 1888, also only known from Taiwan, is superficially very similar to the species of the linwenhsini -group. However, in A. inconcinna the protibia is clearly bidentate, it does not have singular long setae on pronotum or scutellum, the epipleural setae are slightly shorter, and the aedeagus is more or less symmetric. Therefore, the authors currently do not include A. inconcinna in the linwenhsini -group.

Integrative taxonomy was employed to exploit the differences between the known Metaphire anomala (Michaelsen, 1907) and other specimens collected in Vietnam. The results brought to light two new species, namely Metaphire iranomala sp. nov. and Metaphire decemtheca sp. nov. The former is easily recognised by having male pores on xix and four pairs of spermathecal pores on 5/6/7/8/9 while the latter is distinguished by having five pairs of spermathecal pores on 4/5/6/7/8/9. The K2P distances of the fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene are 13.1% between M. iranomala sp. nov. and M. anomala (Michaelsen, 1907) and 18% between M. decemtheca sp. nov. and Metaphire grandiverticulata Nguyen & Lam, 2017. The intraspecific divergences are 1.5%–10.6% for M. iranomala sp. nov. and 2.1%–11.4% for M. decemtheca sp. nov.

The southwestern Andes of Peru harbors a hidden taxonomic diversity of Lepidoptera. Here a new leaf-mining species of Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera) is described,Phyllocnistis furcataVargas & Cerdeña,sp. nov., from a dry Andean valley of southern Peru, at 2400 m above sea level. The morphological aspects of adults (male and female) and the immature stages associated withBaccharis alnifoliaMeyen & Walp. (Asteraceae) are given, under optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. DNA barcodes show that its nearest neighbor is the Atlantic Forest speciesPhyllocnistis oureaBrito & Moreira, 2017 that feeds onBaccharis anomalaDC. The importance of morphological characters from immature stages for diagnosis among congeneric species is also discussed.Phyllocnistis furcatarepresents the fourth species ofPhyllocnistisZeller for Peru, and first record from the south of Peru for the genus.

Dekkera anomala YAE-1 strain separated from "airag" (Mongolian fermented mare's milk) produces β-glucosidase, which can convert ginsenoside Rb1 from Panax ginseng. Ginseng-derived bioactive components such as ginsenoside Rb1 have various immunological and anticancer activities. Airag was collected from five different mare milk farms located near Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. YAE-1 strains were isolated from airag to examine the hydrolytic activities of β-glucosidase on Korean Panax ginseng using an API ZYM kit. Supernatants of selected cultures having β-glucosidase activity were examined for hydrolysis of the major ginsenoside Rb1 at 40°C, pH 5.0. The YAE-1 strain was found to be nearly identical at 99.9% homology with Dekkera anomala DB-7B, and was thus named Dekkera anomala YAE-1. This strain exerted higher β-glucosidase activity than other enzymes. Reaction mixtures from Dekkera anomala YAE-1 showed great capacity for converting ginsenoside Rb1 to ginsenoside Rd. The β-glucosidase produced by Dekkera anomala YAE-1 was able to hydrolyze ginsenoside Rb1 and convert it to Rd during fermentation of the ginseng. The amount of ginsenoside Rd was highly increased from 0 to 1.404 mg/ml in fermented 20% ginseng root at 7 days.

Pterocryptis anomala (Siluridae) is an endemic fish species that is distributed in the drainage basins of Southern China. In this study, we reported the complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of two P. anomala specimens from different rivers using next-generation sequencing. The gene composition and the structural arrangement of the mitogenomes were similar to those of most other teleosts, although we examined a longer length of control region in these mitogenomes than that in most of published Siluridae mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analyses combining our novel sequences with published mitogenomes and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences indicated the monophyly of Pterocryptis and a sister relationship between species P. anomala and P. cochinchinensis. However, the monophyly of Pterocryptis was not very robust as a limited number of species were included in our analyses. Additionally, we uncovered that a hidden diversity might occur in P. anomala populations. The likely causes for this cryptic diversity might be the geologic movements of intense uplift of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau and evolution of Asian monsoons, as well as low vagility of P. anomala. Our results yielded crucially important insights into the genetic resources, phylogeny and diversity of this endemic species.

Crustacean larvae are usually recognised as small organisms, below one millimeter body size. However, in different crustacean groups such as Stomatopoda, Polychelida, or Achelata, also very large larvae occur with sizes of 20 mm and beyond. Also from few meiuran species (“short-tailed” crustaceans, including crabs, hermit crabs, or squat lobsters), rather large larvae are known, though still considerably smaller than 20 mm. We present here two specimens of anomalan meiuran larvae, each with a total length of 24 mm, which by far exceed the previously known/reported maximum sizes of meiuran larvae. Yet, both specimens exhibit characters that indicate their identity as zoea larvae (first larval phase with several stages), most likely shortly before the metamorphosis to the megalopa (second larval phase with one stage). Due to this early developmental state, it is difficult to provide a narrower systematic identification of the larvae. In addition to the description of the developmental status of all appendages, we also investigated the gizzard and especially the compound eyes. The latter possess a mixture of hexagonal, intermediate, and square-shaped facets in an unusual arrangement. We documented the exact arrangement of the facets in both specimens and discuss the possible re-structuring during metamorphosis. The arrangement of the different types of facets indicates that transformation to an adult eye structure takes place over several moults and that the facets are being rearranged in this process. The findings demonstrate that also meiuran larvae contribute to the fraction of the macro-plankton.

The genus Stipa L. comprises over 150 species, all native to the Old World, where they grow in warm temperate regions throughout Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It is one of the largest genera in the family Poaceae in Middle Asia, where one of its diversity hotspots is located. However, identification of Middle Asian Stipa species is difficult because of the lack of new, comprehensive taxonomic studies including all of the species recorded in the region. We present a critical review of the Mid-Asian representatives of Stipa, together with an identification key and taxonomic listing. We relied on both published and unpublished information for the taxa involved, many of which are poorly known. For each taxon, we present a taxonomic and nomenclatural overview, habitat preferences, distribution, altitudinal range, and additional notes as deemed appropriate. We describe four new nothospecies: S. ×balkanabatica M. Nobis & P. D. Gudkova, S. ×dzungarica M. Nobis, S. ×pseudomacroglossa M. Nobis, S. ×subdrobovii M. Nobis & A. Nowak, one subspecies S. caucasica Schmalh. subsp. nikolai M. Nobis, A. Nobis & A. Nowak, and eight varieties: S. araxensis Grossh. var. mikojanovica M. Nobis, S. caucasica var. fanica M. Nobis, P. D. Gudkova & A. Nowak, S. drobovii (Tzvelev) Czerep. var. jarmica M. Nobis, S. drobovii var. persicorum M. Nobis, S. glareosa P. A. Smirn. var. nemegetica M. Nobis, S. kirghisorum P. A. Smirn. var. balkhashensis M. Nobis & P. D. Gudkova, S. richteriana Kar. & Kir. var. hirtifolia M. Nobis & A. Nowak, and S. ×subdrobovii var. pubescens M. Nobis & A. Nowak. Additionally, 12 new combinations, Achnatherum haussknechtii (Boiss.) M. Nobis, A. mandavillei (Freitag) M. Nobis, A. parviflorum (Desf.) M. Nobis, Neotrinia chitralensis (Bor) M. Nobis, S. badachschanica Roshev. var. pamirica (Roshev.) M. Nobis, S. borysthenica Klokov ex Prokudin var. anomala (P. A. Smirn.) M. Nobis, S. holosericea Trin. var. transcaucasica (Grossh.) M. Nobis, S. kirghisorum P. A. Smirn. var. ikonnikovii (Tzvelev) M. Nobis, S. macroglossa P. A. Smirn. var. kazachstanica (Kotuchov) M. Nobis, S. macroglossa var. kungeica (Golosk.) M. Nobis, S. richteriana var. jagnobica (Ovcz. & Czukav.) M. Nobis & A. Nowak, and S. zalesskii Wilensky var. turcomanica (P. A. Smirn.) M. Nobis are proposed, and the lectotypes for 14 taxa (S. arabica Trin. & Rupr., S. bungeana Trin. ex Bunge, S. caspia K. Koch, S. ×consanguinea Trin. & Rupr., S. effusa Mez, S. ×heptapotamica Golosk., S. jacquemontii Jaub. & Spach., S. kungeica Golosk., S. margelanica P. A. Smirn., S. richteriana, S. rubentiformis P. A. Smirn., S. sareptana A. K. Becker, S. tibetica Mez, and Timouria saposhnikovii Roshev.) are designated. In Middle Asia the genus Stipa comprises 98 taxa, including 72 species, four subspecies, and 22 varieties. Of the 72 species of feather grasses, 23 are of hybrid origin (nothospecies). In Middle Asia, feather grasses can be found at elevations from (0 to)300 to 4500(to 5000) m, but most are montane species. The greatest species richness is observed at altitudes between 1000 and 2500 m. Nineteen species grow above 3000 m, but only nine above 4000 m. The number of taxa (species and subspecies) growing in each country also varies considerably, with the highest noted in Kazakhstan (42), Tajikistan (40), and Kyrgyzstan (35). Of the 76 taxa of Stipa (species and subspecies) recorded in Middle Asia, 41 are confined to the region, with some being known only from a single country or mountain range. Distribution maps of selected species are provided.

Two new species of oribatid mites of the family Oppiidae collected from leaf litter in Madagascar are described. Ramuselloppia indistincta sp. nov. differs from Ramuselloppia anomala by larger body size, the presence of epimeral tubercles and comparatively long lamellar, interlamellar and notogastral setae and the absence of costulae and heads of bothridial setae. An identification key to known species of Ramuselloppia is provided. Lanceoppia (Baioppia) rugosa sp. nov. differs from all species of the subgenus by heavily rugose posterior part of the notogaster. The genus Ramuselloppia and subgenus Lanceoppia (Baioppia) are recorded in the Ethiopian region for the first time; the species Multioppia (Hammeroppia) wilsoni is recorded in Madagascar for the first time.

The catch of Japanese butterfish, Psenopsis anomala in Taiwan is greater than those of any other nation; however, the biology, particularly the age and growth, of this economically important fish species is little known. This study describes the age and growth of P. anomala based on 734 specimens (340 females, 363 males, 31 unsexed) caught by trawl fishery in the north-eastern waters off Taiwan from March 2007 to July 2008. The age of specimens was estimated by counting the growth annuli in sagittal otoliths. The periodicity of annulus deposition on otolith was estimated to be one year with opaque zone deposited between July and August based on marginal increment analysis. The maximum age for both sexes was estimated to be ~4. The female portion of the population was dominated by the 3+ age class, while the male portion was dominated by the 2∞ age class. The parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth function with standard error estimated based on the observed length at age using a non-linear method are as follows: L∞ = 25.47 ± 0.65 cm, k = 0.30 ± 0.03 year−1, and t0 = −1.84 ± 0.16 year for females (n = 350), and L∞ = 22.39 ± 0.45 cm, k = 0.46 ± 0.04 year−1, and t0 = −1.38 ± 0.13 year for males (n = 378). The growth performances of P. anomala reported from different geographic regions were compared, and the potential influences of sample size distribution on the estimated growth parameters were further discussed.

Biosecurity protocols designed to prevent further spread of invasive alien species have become a key component of invader management strategies. However, spread-prevention of invasive peracarids is especially difficult due to ineffectiveness of detection and treatment options. For instance, bloody-red mysid shrimp, Hemimysis anomala, is a high impact ecosystem-destabilising invader, which continues to spread in both Europe and North America. Here, we examine the effectiveness of two commonly used aquatic disinfectants (Virasure®/Virkon® Aquatic), and steam treatments (≥ 100 °C) to kill H. anomala. Specimens were exposed to 1% disinfectant solutions for complete immersion or mist-spray treatments, both lasting 60 s. Steam exposures lasted for 10 or 30 s. All treatments caused 100% mortality of H. anomala. Accordingly, it appears that relatively brief exposures to disinfectant and steam treatments can curtail further H. anomala spread. Therefore, these treatments should be used to decontaminate all equipment, from wetsuits to boats. In particular, steam and disinfectant spray treatments may be useful for decontamination of large, complex equipment, such as vehicles, trailers, outboard motors, or live wells on fishing boats.

The classification of Microhoriini Bonadona, 1974 is revised. Five genera are recognized: Aulacoderus LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849, Falsophilus Kejval, 2015, Liparoderus LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849, Microhoria Chevrolat, 1877, and Neocrohoria Telnov, 2019. (i) New species: Microhoria almukalla Kejval, sp. nov. (Yemen), M. anahita Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. antalya Kejval, sp. nov. (Turkey), M. bacillisternum Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. cervi Kejval, sp. nov. (Oman), M. fergana Kejval, sp. nov. (Kyrgyzstan), M. garavuti Kejval, sp. nov. (Tajikistan), M. gibbipennis Kejval, sp. nov. (Turkey), M. halophila Kejval, sp. nov. (Turkey), M. hazara Kejval, sp. nov. (Afghanistan), M. heracleana Kejval, sp. nov. (Greece), M. impavida Kejval, sp. nov. (Turkey), M. kabulensis Kejval, sp. nov. (Afghanistan), M. kermanica Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. pahlavi Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. persica Kejval, sp. nov. (Iran), M. strejceki Kejval, sp. nov. (Tajikistan), M. sawda Kejval, sp. nov. (Saudi Arabia), and M. sulaimanica Kejval, sp. nov. (Pakistan, Uzbekistan). (ii) New synonymies: Microhoria Chevrolat, 1877 = Clavicomus Pic, 1894 syn. nov. = Tenuicomus Pic, 1894 syn. nov.; Microhoria depressa (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) = Anthicus mollis Desbrochers des Loges, 1875 syn. nov.; Microhoria edmondi (Pic, 1893) = Anthicus spinosus Pic, 1912 syn. nov.; Microhoria globipennis (Pic, 1897) = Anthicus globipennis quercicola Sahlberg, 1913 syn. nov.; Microhoria luristanica (Pic, 1911) = Anthicus pietschmi Pic, 1938 syn. nov.; Microhoria ottomana (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) = Anthicus merkli Pic, 1897 syn. nov.; Microhoria pinicola (Reitter, 1889) = Microhoria feroni Bonadona, 1960 syn. nov.; Microhoria posthuma (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) = Anthicus fumeoalatus Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931 syn. nov.; Microhoria truncatipennis (Pic, 1897) = Anthicus mouzafferi Pic, 1910 syn. nov. (iii) Status changes. Anthicus tauricus var. inobscura Pic, 1908 is raised to species level as Microhoria inobscura (Pic, 1908) stat. nov.; Anthicus truncatus var. decoloratus Pic, 1897 is removed from synonymy with Anthicus truncatus Pic, 1895 and raised to species level as Microhoria decolorata (Pic, 1897) stat. restit. (iv) New combinations: Microhoria disconotata (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. fossicollis (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. gestroi (Pic, 1895) comb. nov., M. irregularis (Pic, 1932) comb. nov., M. lividipes (Desbrochers des Loges, 1875) comb. nov., M. marginicollis (Pic, 1951) comb. nov., M. nystii (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. schimperi (Pic, 1898) comb. nov., M. semiviridis (Pic, 1951) comb. nov., M. strandi (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., and M. yemenita (Nardi, 2004) comb. nov., all from Anthicus Paykull, 1798. Microhoria abscondita (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. adusta (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. afghana (Telnov, 2010) comb. nov., M. almorae (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. ambusta (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. angulifer (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. anomala (Telnov, 1998) comb. nov., M. antinorii (Pic, 1894) comb. nov., M. apicordiger (Bonadona, 1954) comb. nov., M. aquatilis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. assamensis (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. assequens (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. atrata (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. austriaca (Pic, 1901) comb. nov., M. bicarinifrons (Pic, 1892) comb. nov., M. biguttata (Bonadona, 1964) comb. nov., M. brevipilis (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. bruckii (Kiesenwetter, 1870) comb. nov., M. brunneipes (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. caeruleicolor (Pic, 1906) comb. nov., M. callima (Baudi di Selve, 1877) comb. nov., M. comes (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. cordata (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. curticeps (Pic, 1923) comb. nov., M. dichrous (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. doderoi (Pic, 1902) comb. nov., M. erythraea (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. erythrodera (Marseul, 1878) comb. nov., M. feai (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. fugax (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. fugiens (Marseul, 1876) comb. nov., M. garze (Telnov, 2018) comb. nov., M. gigas (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. gravida (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. harmandi (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. hauseri (Pic, 1906) comb. nov., M. henoni (Pic, 1892) comb. nov., M. heydeni (Marseul, 1879) comb. nov., M. himalayana (Pic, 1909) comb. nov., M. hummeli (Pic, 1933) comb. nov., M. immaculipennis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. inabsoluta (Telnov, 2003) comb. nov., M. indeprensa (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. kabyliana (Pic, 1896) comb. nov., M. kejvali (Telnov, 1999) comb. nov., M. kham (Telnov, 2018) comb. nov., M. kocheri (Pic, 1951) comb. nov., M. kuluensis (Pic, 1914) comb. nov., M. lepidula (Marseul, 1876) comb. nov., M. longiceps (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. longicornis (Uhmann, 1983) comb. nov., M. manifesta (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. martinezi (Pic, 1932) comb. nov., M. muguensis (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. nigrocyanella (Marseul, 1877) comb. nov., M. nigrofusca (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. nigroterminata (Pic, 1909) comb. nov., M. notatipennis (Pic, 1909) comb. nov., M. olivierii (Desbrochers des Loges, 1868) comb. nov., M. optabilis LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. paganettii (Pic, 1909) comb. nov., M. phungi (Pic, 1926) comb. nov., M. picea (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. plagiostola (Bonadona, 1958) comb. nov., M. plicatipennis (Pic, 1936) comb. nov., M. posthuma (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. postimpressa (Pic, 1938) comb. nov., M. postluteofasciata (Pic, 1938) comb. nov., M. prolatithorax (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. proterva (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. ragusae (Pic, 1898) comb. nov., M. semidepressa (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. separatithorax (Pic, 1914) comb. nov., M. shibatai (Nomura, 1962) comb. nov., M. schrammi Pic, 1913) comb. nov., M. sikkimensis (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. sinensis (Pic, 1907) comb. nov., M. spinipennis (Pic, 1898) comb. nov., M. sporadica (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. striaticollis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. subpicea (Pic, 1914) comb. nov., M. tersa (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. tonkinensis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1928) comb. nov., M. truncatella (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. turgida (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1928) comb. nov., M. uhagoni (Pic, 1904) comb. nov., M. uniformis (Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931) comb. nov., M. variabilis (Telnov, 2003) comb. nov., M. weigeli (Telnov, 2000) comb. nov., M. versicolor (Kiesenwetter, 1866) comb. nov., M. wuyishanensis (Nardi, 2004) comb. nov., and Nitorus niger (Uhmann, 1996) comb. nov., all from Clavicomus Pic, 1894. Microhoria agriliformis (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. alfierii (Pic, 1923) comb. nov., M. angelinii (Degiovanni, 2012) comb. nov., M. babaulti (Pic, 1921) comb. nov., M. barnevillei (Pic, 1892) comb. nov., M. armeniaca (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., M. bonnairii (Fairmaire, 1883) comb. nov., M. cyanipennis (Grilat, 1886) comb. nov., M. depressa (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. dolichocephala (Baudi di Selve, 1877) comb. nov., M. duplex (Nardi, 2004) comb. nov., M. edmondi (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. escalerai (Pic, 1904) comb. nov., M. finalis (Telnov, 2003) comb. nov., M. fuscomaculata (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., M. insignita (Pic, 1906) comb. nov., M. luristanica (Pic, 1911) comb. nov., M. meloiformis (Reitter, 1890) comb. nov., M. mesopotamica (Pic, 1912) comb. nov., M. ocreata (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1847) comb. nov., M. olivacea (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. ottomana (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. pallicra (Dufour, 1849) comb. nov., M. paralleliceps (Reitter, 1890) comb. nov., M. paupercula (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1847) comb. nov., M. platiai (Degiovanni, 2000) comb. nov., M. siccensis (Normand, 1950) comb. nov., M. subaerea (Reitter, 1890) comb. nov., M. subcaerulea (Pic, 1906) comb. nov., M. subsericea (Pic, 1898) comb. nov., M. tarifana (Pic, 1904) comb. nov., M. tibialis (Waltl, 1835) comb. nov., M. velox (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849) comb. nov., M. viridipennis (Pic, 1899) comb. nov., and M. viturati (Pic, 1893) comb. nov., all from Tenuicomus Pic, 1894. Microhoria decolorata (Pic, 1897) comb. nov. and M. truncata (Pic, 1895) comb. nov. from Stricticomus Pic, 1894. Microhoria truncatipennis (Pic, 1897) comb. nov. from Anthelephila Hope, 1833. (v) Lectotype designations. Lectotypes are designated for the following species: Anthicus depressus LaFerté-Sénectère, 1849, A. edmondi Pic, 1893, A. luristanicus Pic, 1911, A. merkli Pic, 1897, A. mouzafferi Pic, 1910, A. pietschmi Pic, 1938, A. pinicola Reitter, 1889, A. posthumus Krekich-Strassoldo, 1931, and A. spinosus Pic, 1912.

Fourteen novel lipomycetaceous yeasts species were isolated from soil samples collected from the Hokkaido, Chiba and Okinawa prefectures of Japan. Phylogenetic analyses of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNAs and translation elongation factor 1 alpha genes (TEF1-α) revealed that five strains of two species from the soil in Furano-shi, Hokkaido were related to Dipodascopsis anomala and 29 strains representing 12 species from soils in Kamogawa-shi, Chiba and Iriomote Island, Okinawa were in the Myxozyma clade. The two species of Dipodascopsis form globose or ellipsoid ascospores in their sac-like ascus and pseudohyphae. Furthermore, these species produce ascospores in their pseudohyphae and do not produce an acicular ascus, which is common among the three species including D. anomala. Therefore, we propose transferring D. anomala to the genus Babjevia and amending Babjevia. Two novel species were described and included in the genus Babjevia: Babjevia hyphoforaminiformans sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 111233; MycoBank no. MB 829051) and Babjevia hyphasca sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 112965; MycoBank no. MB 829053). The 12 species in the Myxozyma clade produce neither ascospores nor pseudohyphae and have different characteristics in assimilating several carbon sources from each other. Thus, we propose that the novel species of Lipomyces be classified as forma asexualis (f.a.). From Kamogawa-shi, Chiba (19 strains representing five species): Lipomyces melibiosiraffinosiphilus f.a., sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 111411; MycoBank no. MB 829034), Lipomyces kiyosumicus f.a., sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 111424; MycoBank no. MB 829035), Lipomyces chibensis f.a., sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 111413; MycoBank no. MB 829036), Lipomyces kamogawensis f.a., sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 112967; MycoBank no. MB 829037), Lipomyces amatsuensis f.a., sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 111420; MycoBank no. MB 829041). From Iriomote island, Okinawa (10 strains representing seven species): Lipomyces taketomicus f.a., sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 112966; MycoBank no. MB 829042), Lipomyces yaeyamensis f.a., sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 110433; MycoBank no. MB 829050), Lipomyces iriomotensis f.a., sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 110436; MycoBank no. MB 829045), Lipomyces haiminakanus f.a., sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 110435; MycoBank no. MB 829046), Lipomyces komiensis f.a., sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 110440; MycoBank no. MB 829047), Lipomyces nakamensis f.a., sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 110434; MycoBank no. MB 829048), Lipomyces sakishimensis f.a., sp. nov. (holotype NBRC 110439; MycoBank no. MB 829049).

As a result of a field study, carried out in August 2019, 25 species of myxomycetes from 17 genera, 7 families, 6 orders and 2 subclasses of the class Myxomycetes were collected in the area of the Seymskyi Regional Landscape Park (Sumy region, Ukraine). According to the bias-corrected Chao1 estimator, the collection represents 77.6% of the myxomycetes species composition of the park. The biodiversity indexes of the studied biota are as follows: Margalef’s diversity index – 13.7, Shannon’s index – 1.32, Simpson’s index – 0.06, Pielou’s index – 0.28. All identified species are new to the Ukrainian part of the Central Russian Upland forests. One of them, Comatricha anomala, found on the dead wood of Betula pendula, is new to Ukraine. Among the substrate groups of myxomycetes, xylophilic (18 species, 65.4%) and corticolous (8; 31%) species dominate in the park. Arcyria cinerea and Stemonitis pallida demonstrate a mixed substrate strategy. Among the substrate-forming plants, the greatest diversity of myxomycetes was observed on substrates, formed by relatively unabundant plant species: Populus tremula (13 myxomycete species, 50.0%), Quercus robur (11; 42.3%) and Bbetula pendula (8 species; 30.8%), while only 6 species of myxomycetes (23.1%) were found on the dominant plant species of P. sylvestris. Among the orders of myxomycetes, by number of species, Stemonitidales (11 species; 42.3%) and Trichiales (8 species; 30.8%) prevail in the park, among the families the most abundant were Amaurochaetaceae (6; 23.1%) and Trichiaceae (8; 30.8%), among the genera they are Arcyria (4; 15.4%), Lycogala, Stemonitis, Stemonitopsis and Comatricha (2 species each; 7.7%). The taxonomic structure of myxomycete biota differs significantly on the substrates, formed by different plant species. According to the ratio between species Trichiales and Stemonitidales, the substrate-forming plants form the following row: P. sylvestris, B.pendula, P.tremula, R. pseudoacacia and Q. robur (3.0 → 1.5 → 1.5 → 0.5 → 0.25 correspondingly)

Three new species of genus Anomala Samouelle, 1819 from Yunnan Province of China are described: A. semiserrata sp. nov. from Baoshan city, Fugong county, Lancang county, and Puer city; A. yanxui sp. nov. from Maguan county; A. yemaoi sp. nov. from Mengzi city, Xinping county, Yuanmou county, and Yun county., Trois nouvelles espèces du genre Anomala Samouelle, 1819 sont décrites du Yunnan, Chine: Anomala semiserratus sp. nov. de Baoshan, des régions de Fugong et de Lancan, et de Puer ; Anomala yanxui sp. nov. de la région de Maguan ; Anomala yemaoi sp. nov. de Mengzi, des régions de Xinping, de Yuanmou et de Yun.

In the frame of a taxonomic revision of Hyacinthaceae subfamily Urgineoideae (Asparagaceae tribe Urgineeae) combining morphological and genetic data from numerous samples across its whole range of distribution, we here present a taxonomic revision of Geschollia, a genus originally accepted as monotypic to include G. anomala. This genus was characterized by the single, synanthous, terete leaf; long racemose inflorescence; tepals connate for ca. 1 mm and reflexed at anthesis; spreading to patent stamens; and small polygonal seeds. Our morphological studies in combination with phylogenetic analyses evidence that Geschollia is indeed a strongly supported monophyletic group, which includes eight species matching most of the features cited above. In this context, we here describe five new species in this genus and accordingly expand the original characterization of Geschollia to accommodate these new taxa. Furthermore, two new combinations are presented for previously described species. An identification key is provided for all accepted species in the genus.

Anomala xiongi Wang & Zorn spec. nov. is described from Yunnan, China. This new species can be distinguished from all other known Anomala species by conspicuous long erect setae rising from the primary costae of elytra. Additionally, ten new distributional records of Anomala species from China and neighboring countries are provided. Nomenclatural act Anomala xiongi Wang & Zorn spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F10AD66D-BEF8-41E2-B22D-42D0492D9E95, Contributions to Entomology = Beiträge zur Entomologie, Bd. 71 Nr. 1 (2021)

Anomala xanthoptera BLANCHARD, 1851 (Figs 21, 50���52) Distribution: India; Nepal; Pakistan; China (new country record): Yunnan. Type material: Syntype of Anomala prasinicollis BATES, 1891 [junior subjective synonym of Anomala xanthoptera]. 1 ��� (MFNB), PUNJAB Kulu Distr. / Euchlora prasinicollis Cotype Bts. [Ohaus���s handwriting] / Anomala prasinicollis Bates [Bates���s handwriting]. Other specimens examined: CHINA: Yunnan: 1 ���, 2 ������ (FLWC), Nabang, Yingjiang County, Dehong, 17.II.2016, Hao Xu & Jian-Yue Qiu leg. INDIA: 34 ������, 8 ������ (CZGG, ZMH), Indien, Bhimtal, F. Smetacek leg., Museum Hamburg, Eing. Nr. 3/1977; 1 ��� (SMTD), Sikkim India. NEPAL: 1 ��� (CZGG), Nepal, Narayani Prov. Sauraha Ufer Rapti River 180 m, 27��34'80"N, 84��29'49"E, 18.IV.2000, leg. A. Skale, LF [collected at light]; 1 ��� (CZGG), Nepal-Himalaya, Myagdi distr., Babichor-Beni, 16.III.1994, 900- 1000 m, leg. D. Ahrens. PAKISTAN: 1 ��� (HNHM), Pakistan, Kashmir, Himalaya, Mts. 20 km S Muzaffarabad, Nara village, 750 m, 73��29'E, 34��01'N, 20.V.1998, leg. M. L��szl�� & G. Ronkay. Remarks: This species was previously known from India, Nepal and Pakistan (BATES 1891; ARROw 1917; ZORN & BEZDĚK 2016), and is here newly recorded in China based on three specimens collected from Yunnan., Published as part of Wang, Fa-Lei & Zorn, Carsten, 2021, Description of a new species and new faunistic records of the genus Anomala SAMOUELLE (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) from China and neighboring regions, pp. 147-159 in Beitr��ge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 71 (1) on page 153, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.71.1.147-159, http://zenodo.org/record/5743084, {"references":["BATES, H. W. 1891: Coleoptera from Kulu in N. W. India. - The Entomologist 24 (Supplement): 7 - 23.","ARROw, G. J. 1917: The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Coleoptera Lamellicornia part II (Rutelinae, Desmonycinae, and Euchirinae). - Taylor & Francis, London: 387 pp + v pl.","ZORN, C. & BEZDEK, A. 2016: Rutelinae.: 317 - 358. - In: LOBL, I. & LOBL, D. (eds.): Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 3. Scarabaeoidea - Scirtoidea - Dascilloidea - Buprestoidea - Byrrhoidea. Revised and updated edition. - Brill, Leiden, Boston: 317 - 358."]}

Anomala ahrensi ZORN, 2011 Distribution: Vietnam, China (new country record): Yunnan. Specimens examined: CHINA: Yunnan: 1 ���, 1 ��� (FLWC), Jinping County, Honghe Pref., V-VI.2018, Yun-Chuan Xu leg.; 1 ���(CCPC), Biaoshuiyan, Ma���andi, Jinping County, Honghe Pref., 2010.V.13 X. D. Yang leg.; 1 ��� (CCPC), Luobodi Village, Ma���andi, Jinping County, Honghe Pref., 2010.V.17, X. D. Yang leg. Remarks: Anomala ahrensi was previously known only from northern Vietnam (ZORN 2011, ZORN et al. 2017). Herein, we newly report this species from Yunnan, China., Published as part of Wang, Fa-Lei & Zorn, Carsten, 2021, Description of a new species and new faunistic records of the genus Anomala SAMOUELLE (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) from China and neighboring regions, pp. 147-159 in Beitr��ge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 71 (1) on page 149, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.71.1.147-159, http://zenodo.org/record/5743084, {"references":["ZORN, C. 2011: New species of the genus Anomala SAMOUELLE from mainland South East Asia and South China. - Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie, 4: 297 - 312. - http: // www. naturkundemuseum-bw. de / sites / default / files / publikationen / serie-a / ns 04 - 15 zorn. pdf [accessed 2017 / 06 / 26].","ZORN, C.; KOBAYASHI, H. & WADA, K. 2017: Notes on the genus Anomala SAMOUELLE, 1819 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) in Vietnam and neighboring regions: eight new species and faunistic records. - Contributions to Entomology 67 (2): 325 - 352. - DOI: https: // doi. org / 10.21248 / contrib. entomol. 67.2.325 - 352."]}

Anomala siamensis (NONFRIED, 1891) (Figs 20, 46���49) Distribution: Thailand; China (new country record): Yunnan; Laos (new country record). Type material: Syntypes [?]. 1 ��� (MFNB), Coll. Nonfried. Siam / Aprosterna siamensis Type Nonfr. [Ohaus���s handwriting] / Anomala siamensis Bang-Pain Type A. F. Nonfried [possibly Nonfried���s handwriting]; 1 ��� (MFNB), Siam Nonfried / Heteroplia n. sp. / Aprosterna siamensis Cotype Nonfr. [Ohaus���s handwriting]. Note: It is not entirely certain that these two specimens from Ohaus���s collection are real syntypes of Aprosterna siamensis NONFRIED, 1891 because they do not bear Nonfried���s type label (compare with the label shown in HORN et al. 1990). Other specimens examined: CHINA: Yunnan: 1 ��� (FLWC), Menglun, Xishuangbanna, 15.IV.2019, Zi-Chun Xiong leg.; LAOS: 1 ��� (CZGG), Laos NW, Nam Tha NPA, 65 km nw Luang Nam Tha, 1050 m, 8-15.IV.2010, S. Murzin leg.; 1 ��� (PPPC), LAOS centr 27.IV.-1.V. 1997. 70 km NE Vientiane, Ban Phabat env., 150 m N 18��16.1'E 103��10.9'E. Jendek & O. Sausa leg.; 1 ��� (PPPC), S Laos Attapu, Nong Lom (lake), 18-30.IV. 1999, 800 m, 15��02'N, 106��35'E, M. Strba leg. THAILAND: 1 ��� (PLPC), THAILAND: Phayao Prov. Naresuan University; lights on campus; 19. April 2003; L-467 Vitheepradit, Prommi, Setaphan; 1 ��� (AHPC), Thailand, 9.11.1992 12 km SW Pak-Chong 130 km NO Bangkok Mischobstplantage, 400 m Lichtfang, Thielen leg.; 1 ��� (PLPC), Thailand, Ubon Ratchathani Prov., Phu Chong Na Yoi National Park, Kaeng Ka Loa, 11. April 2004, 182 m, 14��26.178'N 105��16.631E, Sites & Vitheepradit leg.; 3 ������, 1 ��� (CZGG), NW Thailand, Mae Hong Son, Pan Huai Po, 1600 m, 9-16.V.1991, leg. P. Pachl��tko; 1 ��� (CZGG), NW Thailand, Chom Thong, 24-27.IV.1991, leg. Pachol��tko. Remarks: PAULIAN (1959) misidentified Anomala anguliceps as A. siamensis, but later ZORN et al. (2017) corrected this identification based on the male genitalia illustrated in PAULIAN (1959). Also, YANG (1989) misidentified A. anguliceps as A. siamensis when reporting this species from Guizhou, China. Both species mentioned above were also confused by LIN (1987, 1992, 2002b), who consequently described A. corneola LIN, 2002, which was subsequently synonymized with A. anguliceps by PROKOFIEV (2014). In fact, Anomala siamensis is similar to A. bilobata ARROw, 1912 and A. fissilabris ARROw, 1912 rather than A. anguliceps. Both A. bilobata and A. fissilabris have a bilobed clypeus in males, which is the same in males of A. siamensis, while the clypeal front margin is straight in A. anguliceps. Anomala siamensis was previously known only from Thailand, here this species is newly recorded from China and Laos., Published as part of Wang, Fa-Lei & Zorn, Carsten, 2021, Description of a new species and new faunistic records of the genus Anomala SAMOUELLE (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) from China and neighboring regions, pp. 147-159 in Beitr��ge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 71 (1) on page 152, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.71.1.147-159, http://zenodo.org/record/5743084, {"references":["NONFRIED, A. F. 1891: Weitere Beitrage zur Kaferfauna von Sud-Asien und Neu-Guinea. - Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift 36: 359 - 380. - https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 101306 page / 411 / mode / 1 up [accessed 2019 / 10 / 3].","HORN, W.; KAHLE, I.; FRIESE, G. & GAEDIKE, R. 1990: Collectiones entomologicae. Ein Kompendium uber denVerbleibentomologischerSammlungenderWeltbis 1960. - Akademie der Landwirtschaftswissenschaften der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik, Berlin: 473 pp.","PAULIAN, R. 1959: Coleopteres Scarabeides de l'Indochine (Rutelines et Cetonines). - Annales de la Societe entomologique de France 128: 35 - 136. - http: // gallica. bnf. fr / ark: / 12148 / bpt 6 k 6142156 w / f 14 [accessed 2017 / 06 / 26].","ZORN, C.; KOBAYASHI, H. & WADA, K. 2017: Notes on the genus Anomala SAMOUELLE, 1819 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) in Vietnam and neighboring regions: eight new species and faunistic records. - Contributions to Entomology 67 (2): 325 - 352. - DOI: https: // doi. org / 10.21248 / contrib. entomol. 67.2.325 - 352.","YANG, C. J. 1989: Scarabaeoidea. - In: GUO, Z. Z. (ed.): The Agricultural and Forestry Insect Fauna of Guizhou, Volume 2. - China: Guizhou People's Publishing House, Guiyang: 88 pp. (in Chinese).","PROKOFIEV, A. M. 2014: New and noteworthy scarab beetles from Asia and America (Coleoptera Lamellicornia). - Calodema 330: 1 - 25. - https: // www. zin. ru / Animalia / Coleoptera / pdf / prokofiev _ 2014 _ new _ and _ noteworthy _ scarab _ beetles. pdf [accessed 2017 / 10 / 12]."]}

Anomala bilobata ARROW, 1912 (Figs 15, 29���32) Distribution: India; Myanmar; Nepal; China (new country record): Yunnan. Specimens examined: CHINA: Yunnan: 7 ������, 11 ������ (FLWC), Hulukou, Xima, Yingjiang County, Dehong, VI-VII.2018, Wei-Zong Yang leg.; 1 ��� (FLWC), Yingjiang township, Yingjiang County, Dehong, VI.2018, Yang Yu leg. NEPAL: 1 ��� (NMEG), Nepal, Prov: Narayani vic. Chandranigahaui 27��07'25"N, 85��21'11"E, 130 m, 02.V.2003, leg. A. Weigel HF/LF; 1 ��� (NMEG), Nepal, Mechi / Taplejung, 9 km S Taplejung, Angbung Kabeli Khola (bridge), 450 m, 27��17'11"N, 87��43'21"E, 03.V.2003, leg. A. Weigel. Remarks: Anomala bilobata was originally described from Bengal, India, and several localities in Myanmar (ARROw 1912b) and subsequently reported from Nepal (ZORN & BEZDĚK 2016). It is here reported from Yunnan for the first time, representing a new country record for China., Published as part of Wang, Fa-Lei & Zorn, Carsten, 2021, Description of a new species and new faunistic records of the genus Anomala SAMOUELLE (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) from China and neighboring regions, pp. 147-159 in Beitr��ge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 71 (1) on page 150, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.71.1.147-159, http://zenodo.org/record/5743084, {"references":["ARROw, G. J. 1912 b: Descriptions of some new Burmese Species of Ruteline Coleoptera belonging to the genus Anomala. - The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, series 8, 10: 327 - 340.","ZORN, C. & BEZDEK, A. 2016: Rutelinae.: 317 - 358. - In: LOBL, I. & LOBL, D. (eds.): Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 3. Scarabaeoidea - Scirtoidea - Dascilloidea - Buprestoidea - Byrrhoidea. Revised and updated edition. - Brill, Leiden, Boston: 317 - 358."]}

Anomala kuatuna (MACHATSCHKE, 1955) (Figs 19, 43���45) Distribution: China: Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Guizhou (new Chinese provincial record), Hunan (new Chinese provincial record). Specimens examined: CHINA: Fujian: 1 ��� (FLWC), Sanming, VII.2014, Bi-Huang Zhan leg.; 1 ��� (FLWC), Mangdang Mount, Nanping, 5.VII.2009, no leg.; 1 ���, 2 ������ (FLWC), Damo Mount, Sanming, 15.VI.2018, Xin Liu leg. Guangdong: 3 ������ (FLWC), Houzidong Mount, Wengyuan County, Shaoguan, 18-19.V.2018, Jian-Wei Chen leg. Guangxi: 2 ������, 6 ������ (FLWC), Dayao Mount, Jinxiu County, Laibin, Guangxi, China, VII.2015, Bao-Sheng Su leg.; 1 ��� (FLWC), Ziyuan County, Guilin, Guangxi, China, VII-VIII.2019, Wen Jin leg. Guizhou: 1 ��� (FLWC), Shunchangxiang, Shuicheng County, Shuicheng, Liupanshui, China, alt. 1100 m, 22.V.2019, Gui-Qiang Huang leg. Hunan: 1 ���, 1 ��� (FLWC), Mount Yangming, Yongzhou, Hunan, China, alt. 900 m, 1.VII.2019, Yu-Tang Wang & Yi-Ting Zhong leg. Zhejiang: 1 ���, 1 ��� (FLWC), Kuocang Mount, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China, VII.2015, Zhao-Yang Tang leg. Remarks: This species is currently only known from China. Previously it was recorded from Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi (MACHATSCHKE 1955; LIN 1993; LIN 2002b; ZORN 2011; ZORN & BEZDĚK 2016). Here we newly report this species from Guizhou and Hunan., Published as part of Wang, Fa-Lei & Zorn, Carsten, 2021, Description of a new species and new faunistic records of the genus Anomala SAMOUELLE (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) from China and neighboring regions, pp. 147-159 in Beitr��ge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 71 (1) on page 152, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.71.1.147-159, http://zenodo.org/record/5743084, {"references":["LIN, P. 1993: A systematic revision of the China Mimela: (Coleoptera: Rutelidae). - The Publishing Company of Zhong Shan University, Guangzhou: 106 pp + xxii pl. (in Chinese and English).","LIN, P. 2002 b: Rutelidae.: 387 - 427. - In: HUANG, B. (ed.): Fauna of Insects of Fujian Province of China. Volume 6. - Fujian Science & Technology Press, Fuzhou: 894 pp. (in Chinese and English).","ZORN, C. 2011: New species of the genus Anomala SAMOUELLE from mainland South East Asia and South China. - Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie, 4: 297 - 312. - http: // www. naturkundemuseum-bw. de / sites / default / files / publikationen / serie-a / ns 04 - 15 zorn. pdf [accessed 2017 / 06 / 26].","ZORN, C. & BEZDEK, A. 2016: Rutelinae.: 317 - 358. - In: LOBL, I. & LOBL, D. (eds.): Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 3. Scarabaeoidea - Scirtoidea - Dascilloidea - Buprestoidea - Byrrhoidea. Revised and updated edition. - Brill, Leiden, Boston: 317 - 358."]}

Although the morphology of the brachiopod tentacle organ, the lophophore, is diverse, the organization of tentacles has traditionally been thought to be similar among brachiopods. We report here, however, that the structure of the tentacle muscles differs among brachiopod species representing three subphyla: Lingula anatina (Linguliformea: Linguloidea), Pelagodiscus atlanticus (Linguliformea: Discinoidea), Novocrania anomala (Craniiformea), and Coptothyris grayi (Rhynchonelliformea). Although the tentacle muscles in all four species are formed by myoepithelial cells with thick myofilaments of different diameters, three types of tentacle organization were detected. The tentacles of the first type occur in P. atlanticus, C. grayi, and in all rhynchonelliforms studied before. These tentacles have a well-developed frontal muscle and a small abfrontal muscle, which may reflect the ancestral organization of tentacles of all brachiopods. This type of tentacle has presumably been modified in other brachiopods due to changes in life style. Tentacles of the second type occur in the burrowing species L. anatina and are characterized by the presence of equally developed smooth frontal and abfrontal muscles. Tentacles of the third type occur in N. anomala and are characterized by the presence of only well-developed frontal muscles; the abfrontal muscles are reduced due to the specific position of tentacles during filtration and to the presence of numerous peritoneal neurites on the abfrontal side of the tentacles. Tentacles of the first type are also present in phoronids and bryozoans, and may be ancestral for all lophophorates.

Purpose.To reveal the raw material potential of the representatives of the genusPaeoniaL. introduced in the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NBG) in terms of the content of biologically active compounds. Methods. Introduced plants of the genusPaeonia:P. lactifloraPall.,P. officinalisL. and its hybrid forms:P. officinalis‘Rubra Plena’, F1(P. officinalis‘Rub­ra Plena’ ´P. peregrinaMill.), cultivar NBG ‘Kvazimodo’ (P. lactiflora‘M-lle Jeanne Riviere’ ´ F1[P. officinalis‘Rubra Plena’ ´P. peregrina)],P. anomalaL. were the object of the research. The content of polyphenolic compounds, homopolysaccharides, ascorbic acid and other substances was determined by spectrophotometry, titrimetry and colorimetry. The analysis of biologically active compounds was carried out by the method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results.Species and varietal differences in the amount of polyphenols in plants of various species and forms were determined. It was found that the roots of the studied F1plants (P. officinalis‘Rubra Plena’ ´P. peregrina), cultivar NBG ‘Kvazimodo’,P. lactifloracontain a much higher amount of polysaccharides compared to the roots ofP. anomala. In peony plants, the average share of vitamin C is 37.65% and varies among representatives of the genus in the range from 22.10 ± 2.18 [F1(P. officinalis‘Rubra Plena’ ´P. peregrina)] to 47.60 ± 3.69 (P. anomala) and 49.30 ± 5.50% (P. lactiflora). The maximum content of carotenoids was found in the roots ofP. officinalis‘Rubra Plena’ (2.10 ± 0.21 mg%) and F1(P. officinalis‘Rubra Plena’ ´P. peregrina) (2.20 ± 0.13 mg%). A significant amount of free gallic acid was observed in the roots ofP. anomala, and halotannins inP. lactiflora. Conclusions. The results of phytochemical studies of plants of species, hybrids and cultivars of the genusPaeoniaintroduced in theM. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine showed that they accumulate a significant level of basic biologically active compounds: flavonoids, tannins, mono- and polysaccharides, pigments roots ofP. lactifloraandP. officinalisare promising in terms of the complex of active ingredients, since they contain them in greater quantities than those ofP. anomala. Hybrid forms ofP. officinalis‘Rubra Plena’, F1(P. officinalis‘Rubra Plena’ ´P. peregrina), cultivar ‘Kvazimodo’, created on the basis of these species, are not inferior to the parent species in terms of the content of phenolic compounds, sugars, pigments and ascorbic acid. In the roots, the share of peoniflorin is forP. lactiflora(1.95%),anomala(1.09%),P. officinalis‘Rubra Plena’ (0.95%),P. officinalis(0.78%). The studied species, hybrids and cultivars are offered for cultivation in the purpose of harvesting medicinal raw materials as a source of biologically active compounds with the possibility of supplementing or even repla­cing the official species of anomalous peony (P. anomala).

Results of a preliminary study on adult scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae “Pleurosticti”) associated with maize (Zea mays L.) at the municipality of Villa de Zaachila, Oaxaca, Mexico are presented. The objective was to identify species of the white grub complex associated with the crop. Samples were collected each month from March through August 2018. A blacklight trap in the center of the maize plot was used from 1900 to 2300 hours during 3 nights of the new moon period. In total, 1,429 specimens were captured, belonging to 12 species, four genera, four tribes, and three subfamilies of Scarabaeidae. Abundance was greatest in April, coinciding with the start of the rainy season. The genus Anomala Samouelle with five species was most abundant. Anomala flavilla Bates, 1888 was the most abundant species and together with A. sticticoptera Blanchard, 1850 were reported for the first time in the State of Oaxaca. An annotated checklist with data on distribution, elevation, and associated crops was presented. A key was provided for taxonomic identification of the species studied.

Based on observations on herbarium specimens (including type material) and living plants in the wild, we demonstrate that Artemisia anomala (Asteraceae, Anthemideae), a distinctive Chinese species yet morphologically imperfectly understood since its description, is variable with respect to its leaf indumentum and shape within and between populations. The leaves are ovate, ovate-lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or lanceolate, and adaxially sparsely pubescent or glabrous, abaxially tomentose to sparsely pubescent, or rarely glabrescent. Morphologically, the two currently recognized varieties of A. anomala, var. tomentella and var. acuminatissima, fall within the variation range of the species in leaf indumentum and shape, and thus are synonymized herein. Lectotypification is proposed for A. anomala.