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This paper explores strategies for generating and evaluating novel research ideas. Researchers can identify promising ideas by systematically exposing themselves to new, practitioner‐relevant information and by contrasting emerging facts with existing theories. Additionally, by identifying the necessary conditions that are required for an idea to become a viable research project, researchers can quickly discard low‐prospect ideas, freeing up mental space and time to evaluate new research opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contemporary work in Black Studies reflects the urgency of integrating lived experience into scholarly work. Scholars such as Saidiya Hartman and Christina Sharpe employ autobiographical frames and anecdotes in their writing in order to legitimate historically undervalued forms of knowledge production, and, as Hartman writes, to "counter the violence of abstraction." Despite the efficacy of this methodology, however, the move itself remains under-theorized, even as scholars advocate for the necessity of taking seriously the intellectual labor and output of Black female academics. "The Actual Scale of Breathing" examines the genealogy of Black feminist writers from slave narratives to the contemporary who find themselves in the impossible position of wanting to speak from experience but find the work of self-disclosure harmful. I argue that these writers innovate form to both refuse unearned access to interiority – specifically to white readers – while at the same time cultivating community through the incorporation of a polyphonic authority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an interview created in 1981–1982, M. Masud R. Khan told of his background as a Muslim from a wealthy landed family in British India. He narrated how he came to London in his early twenties. He met with John Bowlby to inquire about receiving a psychoanalysis. Bowlby mistakenly thought he wanted to become a psychoanalyst. Intrigued by the idea, Khan ended up applying for training as a psychoanalyst and was accepted to and then completed the training course. The interview includes his anecdotes about Melanie Klein, Donald W. Winnicott, and Anna Freud. In his supervision with Klein, she provided some 'marvelous interpretations', he noted, but, in his view, she undervalued the analysands' personal experiences. Not only did he have an analysis with Winnicott, but he assisted Winnicott in the elder analyst's writing. Despite their long association, Khan claimed that he and Winnicott respected but disliked each other. Anna Freud generously helped Khan when he was ill. She also told him that her father, Sigmund Freud, largely gave up on friendships with men after his breaks with Carl Jung and Otto Rank and the death of Karl Abraham. Khan described his work-in-progress on Virginia Woolf. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humour plays a substantial role in the dissemination of ideas, beliefs and practices. In particular, it can offer an alternative framework for addressing situations of struggle, stress and suffering, such as war, political strife and social upheaval. In Palestine, humour is manifested in many everyday interactions, functioning as a coping mechanism and offering a way to confront both the Israeli Occupation and the dire political and economic situation. This article engages with humour as it occurs in the everyday lives of Palestinians, looking at the role of humour in a specific context, in a time of political violence. One of the arguments I wish to make is that each new atrocity or each further erosion of rights is reflected in a new series of 'in-jokes', which enable Palestinians to refer to, make sense of and adapt to the painful realities they encounter in everyday life. The narratives of individuals' lives in Palestine are reflected upon via the exploration of humorous daily discourse which is displayed in jokes and humorous anecdotes. I explore what thoughts, desires and fears individuals and families in Palestine share within their social networks in the form of jokes. In addition, the article traces what kind of jokes are circulated and how people in various situations react to different kinds of jokes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many philosophers have approached the nature of laughter and various ideas have been put forward in the period from the classical period to the present day. One of the relevant ideas was created by the pioneers of relief theory, who sought the nature of laughter in the act of release from psychological pressure. Relief theory appears as one of the most difficult subjects to diagnose, as a result of its dependence on certain psychological conditions, within the framework of the ecology of Turkish laughter. Bektashi narratives, in which the Turkish–Islamic synthesis is intensely seen, probably take the lead among the Turkish anecdote types that can be included in the subject area of relief theory. In the Ottoman geographical region of the 13th century, Bektashism, which was established with a mystical Sufi understanding based on Hacı Bektaş Veli, started to generate products with an intense subject of laughter over time. It is known that Bektashism, which is the continuation in Anatolia of the Turkish Sufi tradition initiated by Hoca Ahmet Yesevi in the 11th century in the Khorasan region, was also respected by the Ottoman Empire for a long time. Bektashism, which is a continuation of the cultural understanding of Islam, became the subject of anecdotes as a type as a result of certain historical events. In Bektashi narratives, which are reflected in anecdotes as a type, it is easy to determine the situation that causes laughter but difficult to make an analysis of why the matter in question is laughed at. From the narrator's point of view, there is a fear as to why he/she is telling the story, and, from the listener's point of view, there is a feeling of having sinned because he/she is laughing. Bektashi anecdotes, which have an element of laughter other than the classical laughter elements based on equivoke, consist of a suppressed fear in their content. The act of laughter, which occurs when the suppressed fear causes sudden relief, reveals the feeling of having sinned based on the aggressive attitude of the anecdote towards religious figures that has been aroused in the person. This situation brings along the necessity of explaining the laughter element in Bektashi anecdotes with the theory of relief. The interpretation of Bektashi anecdotes based on the views of Sigmund Freud, one of the pioneers of relief theory, on laughter and its relationship with the unconscious has made it possible to evaluate this in the context of "substitution" theory. The theory of substitution, a mechanism identified by Freud on the interpretation of dreams and the content of anecdotes or jokes, occurs in cases where a statement and its response deviate from the direction indicated by the original statement. For the formation of the theory, which is characterised as a psychological deviation or a product of faulty reasoning, a subject contrary to social norms must be dealt with, laughter must not depend on equivoke and it must be found in the last response of a conversation. Based on these data, five Bektashi anecdotes have been identified using the sampling method in the article and substitution theory has been applied to the identified jokes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disparagement humor may harm perceptions of joke-tellers' core traits and trustworthiness differently when it "punches down" rather than "up" at its target. This was experimentally tested with a sexist joke in Study 1 (n = 161) and a boss/employee joke in Study 2 (n = 331). Consistently, joke-tellers who punched down seemed less competent, lower in status, and less trustworthy (assessed via a hypothetical monetary trust game). Jokes that punched "down" (versus "up") seemed less affiliative in general, and particularly aggressive only in a sexist humor context, perhaps due to more normative expectations of aggression in gender-based contexts. Implications for curbing disparagement humor, particularly from high-status people, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The counter-Versailles literature (counter-VL) is born out of the resistance to Versailles literature (VL). The latter is in essence the same as humblebrags. Authors of counter-VL pretend to post VL but are essentially making up jokes or expressing ironies and self-mockeries. Based on the samples gathered from Weibo, this study divides counter-VL into two types according to how their non-VL nature is revealed. By identifying the echoed VL strategies, we investigate how the irony of VL and self-mockery are incarnated in counter-VL and result in humorous effects. This study also highlights the social and psychological factors that influence the creation and effects of counter-VL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers selected book illustrations that were published in the 1530s by Augsburg printer Heinrich Steiner. It compares Steiner's choice of images for Schimpff und Ernst (1534), a popular anthology of entertaining and serious anecdotes compiled by the Franciscan preacher Johannes Pauli, with woodcuts that Steiner had previously employed in newly translated, moral–philosophical texts by Cicero and Petrarch. Although all three texts problematize the art of painting according to classical and medieval narratives, which urge caution in viewing lifelike images, each proposes diverse solutions for regarding illusionistic works of art. Whereas prior studies focus on the intentions of individual authors, this article highlights the printer–publisher's agency. One image recycled in disparate works speaks to art's multifaceted functions for upper-class, lay readers. This article argues that Steiner's selection of images inserts Pauli's chapter on artists and illusionistic painting into ongoing debates in Reformation-era Germany about the proper role of images in religious ritual. This cross-reading of image–text pairings in the early 1530s offers insights into the complexity of period attitudes towards visual art, the painter's profession, and the beholder's responsibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay reconsiders Benjamin Franklin’s pre-Revolutionary writings and his later Autobiography (1771–90) within the historical frame of the rise of fictionality, as charted by Catherine Gallagher and others. Before the novel took off in America, fictionality developed in shorter, nominally non-fictional forms. In this article, Franklin’s essays, letters, and almanacs are read for their peculiar proto-fictional elements. More than simply being examples of a new brand of American humour or an emergent individualist ethos, Franklin’s wit and its absorption into a metafictional style of writing and publishing depended on readers’ assuming positions of “ironic assent,” or what this essay calls, in the context of eighteenth-century American politics and law, “republican circumspection.” This phrase names an epistemic attunement whereby subjects willingly suspend the ontological security of the self for an empty screen or void onto which they can project character representations that straddle the line between private and public personae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of University of Cumhuriyet, Faculty of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

"Minimalistic" stories, in their modern sense, were born in the 1960s in the west, and they have been considered and welcomed in Iran for more than two decades. The use of essential elements of the story, very low volume and extreme brevity in language use, compactness and silence, the unexpected and surprising ending, charm, simplicity, chastity of language and appeals are, of the most important components of this new genre. Definitions for minimalist / Anecdotes include different ideas terms of the size and number of elements. The current paper aims at reviewing and analyzing the confusions and mistakes in this regard. The main purpose of this article is to state the differences and contradictions, and to clarify the boundaries, as well as to correct components of this genre to show that specifying limits is not allowed in the creation of creative works. The most important finding of this research is that a Minimalist / Anecdotes have two outstanding features which are counted as; small size, compactness and silence. This means that many Minimals are Anecdotes due to their small size and a number of short stories are minimal due to silent features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Comparative Literature Research / Pizhūhish/Hā-yi Adabiyyāt-i Taṭbīqī is the property of Tarbiat Modares University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article revisits an ostensibly important monument in Classical Attic historiography: the so-called Tomb of Critias, as preserved in a scholium note in Aeschines' "Against Timarchus" (1.39). We survey prior scholarly positions on the realia of this monument, suggest it is a fiction, and consider the possible sources for the hexameter verse associated with it. We argue that the poetic composition from which the entire tradition derives, rather than being an inscription on a tomb, may in fact be an oligarchic commemoration, perhaps an encomium or epitaphios logos recited at Eleusis in the aftermath of the fall of the Thirty. As such, the verse composition may allude to a historiographical tradition that viewed the Thirty as a subversive hetaireia/kōmos group led out to govern the unruly dēmos. The reception of this composition generates a 'lieu de mémoire' in the historical imagination of later readers. The composition offers a piece of comparanda for the political views expressed by other Athenians with pro-oligarchic tendencies, an extreme formulation that strongly contrasts with the extant writings of Critias, Plato, and Xenophon. In revisiting this short anecdote we highlight the relevance of both scholia and monuments in our understanding of Attic historiography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study seeks a threefold exploration of an aspect of Mark Twain's forays into translation, particularly with respect to one tale's fate in its first French version. First, back-translation's most ostensible purpose is to represent a foreign language text's (in)accuracy transparently; Twain, assuming a persona as a naive mistranslator, humorously reinvents the procedure to disparage a rendering of his work, constituting an act of translation (meta)criticism and producing a work of parody. The study turns to literary back-translation as an emerging horizon of translation "against our teleological conception of translation" (Lane 2020a, 6), and a potential source of creative misprision or misreading. Twain uses literalism, I demonstrate, as a comic strategy to confound sense. I show cases in which Twain indulged in pseudotranslation and free-associational mistranslation often as imaginative perspective-taking. Secondly, I survey the intrigue behind his famous back-translation of the jumping frog tale, including its textual variations, and locate it as a subversion. Thirdly and finally, I perform a comparative reading of representative passages from Twain's story, the 19th-century translation by Theodor Bentzon (actually Marie-Thérèse Blanc), and Twain's vengeful back-translation, in order to reveal patterns of the American writer's translation technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper continues from the two previously published in Folk Life, that concern daily and seasonal life, women's work and food production and preservation in the northern Icelandic valley of Vatnsdalur, in the later 1970s and after. It addresses the tunes and words of 'folk-style singing' in spontaneous contexts, in the home, farm work environment and at social events, noting that the practice later diminished, though it ceased only in about 2015, with the deaths of the leading singers. The relationship to the production of music in church is then considered. The paper then goes on to consider aspects of the general narrative folk tradition recounted at the period in question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on reminiscences of Martin Walser, particularly centered around his connections to Dresden, Germany and his literary works. Topics include his meticulous research process for novels set in Dresden, his profound engagement with the city's cultural and historical facets, and personal anecdotes reflecting on his creative discipline and interactions with literary figures like Siegfried Unseld.

Walter Kintsch has an unparalleled impact on the field of discourse processing. In this article, I describe the impact he has had and continues to have on my own work. I summarize my impression of Walter with two words—grace and gravitas—and provide anecdotes to show how these qualities of his personality have impacted me as a researcher. Furthermore, I discuss how his work with Teun van Dijk on situation models was instrumental for the development of the event-indexing model and the immersed-experiencer framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on an analysis of Machon fr. 16.258-284 Gow, highlighting the nuances of comic receptions and the interplay between symposia and literary criticism. Topics include the examination of the anecdote's setting at a symposium, its potential for oral performance, and its implications for the relationship between comedy and symposia in ancient culture.

In this article I aim to investigate the role of two ancient Greek priestesses from the region of Boeotia. In doing so, I further asses the relationship of these women not only with the goddesses they honoured, but also with Dionysus, a versatile and agglutinating divinity who played a leading role in that region. The following lines are intended as part of a broader study of priestesses of Dionysus (or priestesses of other divinities related to this god) in ancient Greece, a subject that has been little studied. It should be noted that the study examines the Greek term ἱέρεια and a derivative (the generic name of "priestess" in ancient Greece given to women who exercised the priesthood in civic cults) found in epigraphic texts. It is necessary to emphasize the importance of epigraphic sources because they provide data on real figures or historically verifiable personages who took part in the cult of the divinities, as opposed to literary sources, which often focus on anecdotal aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics is the property of Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics, AUC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Journal sexuel d'un garçon d'aujourd'hui, Arthur Dreyfus records his sexual experiences over several years. But he doesn't limit himself to recounting his sexual intimacy; he also writes down some of his thoughts on other areas, such as relationships, writing and psychoanalysis. He generally proceeds in short narratives that can take different forms (anecdotes, poems, letters...) and are brought together to form a work of over 2000 pages. The reader is thus led into the author's systems of thought. The aim of this article is to highlight the labyrinthine construction of this work: first, we'll see how the Journal is the result of a search for identity. Next, we'll look at how this work proposes a new form of intertextuality. Finally, we look at the form of the Journal and its impact on the reader. In this way, we offer the first keys to reading a complex but powerful work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents an interview with David Arnold, Tobias S. Buckell, and Melissa Landers, all authors in the speculative and science fiction genre. They discusses their journey as writers, the personal anecdotes that shape their storytelling, and their unique methods of conducting research and constructing fictional worlds.

Copyright of Bamboo & Silk is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dogs that have a vocabulary of object labels (Gifted Word Learner dogs—GWL dogs) have great potential as a comparative model for studying a variety of cognitive mechanisms. However, only a handful of studies, with a small sample size of 1 or 2 dogs, have examined this phenomenon. GWL dogs appear to share many of the same distinctive characteristics, but due to their rarity, it is not clear if these similarities are only anecdotal or indeed reflect characteristics that are similar in these rare individuals. Here we present the first study conducted on a relatively large sample of 41 GWL dogs that were recruited and tested using a citizen science model. After testing the dogs' receptive vocabulary of toy names, we asked the owners to complete a questionnaire about their and their dog's life experiences. Our findings highlight several characteristics that are shared among most GWL dogs, such as their learning speed, their large vocabulary, and that they learned the names of the toys spontaneously, without the explicit intent of their owners. Our findings validate previous anecdotal evidence on common characteristics of GWL dogs and supply additional support to the hypothesis that these dogs represent a unique group of dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nasreddin Hodja, the legendary figure of Turkish cultural history whose fame goes beyond borders, lives in the present through his anecdotes and fulfills the function of giving advice, guiding and hitting the nail on the head by his anecdotes that include almost every subject and human type. As a matter of fact, Nasreddin Hodja, as the man of people, satirizes the mistakes and deficiencies in the society in an entertaining lan-guage with his unique intelligence that makes people laugh and think. The funny, thought-provoking, educa-tional, entertaining and surprising features of the Hodja jokes are due to their multi-faceted humor. Nasred-din Hodja is not only a figure of anecdotes, but also a mystic. Many features of the myth, which are includ-ed in the narratives such as legends, narratives, epics, and folk tales are reflected through the anecdotes that are attributed to Nasreddin Hodja by the people of mysticism. Among the anecdotes, the group called legend anecdotes focuses on the motif of resurrection from bones. In ancient belief systems, the place where the soul resides is human blood while the seat of the soul is thought to be the bone. In addition to the symbolic role it played in the creation of the world, bone is also the main element of the creation of human beings. Since bone has been considered as the most permanent element of the human and animal bodies for some people since ancient times, it is assumed that the immortal soul also resides there. In this context, although the belief in resurrection from bones (intermezzo) has been seen in other tribes besides Altaic tribes like Turks and Mongols, it is my opinion that it is mostly from the Northern and Central Asian origin. Based on the bond between bone and lineage, Turkish noble people believe that lineage originates from bone, it forms the basis of living things, and the continuity of life and resurrection can only be achieved through bones. As a reflection of this belief, importance is given to the preservation of body integrity, espe-cially the skeleton and skull as much as possible. This is an indication of the belief that the dead will be resurrected and will continue to live while the bones of the enemy will burn in the fire, and the skeleton and skull would be buried carefully and preserved so that the graves of their ancestors and therefore their bones would not be harmed. The anecdote, which is expressed as a short and dense narrative in a prose language, is not a narrative of belief when compared to a myth and a legend, but the reality of anecdotes, which are tied to a historical type, is like a myth and a legend. These anecdotes are dealt with under a discrete heading called legendary anecdotes in the classification of anecdotes. In this context, there are two anecdotes of Nasreddin Hodjas named Hoja's Bedovasi and Nasreddin Hodja Teacher, which are variants of each other, based on the rumor in the book named Nasradin Hodja and Itar Peyo compiled from the Turks by Sevim Piliçkova from the North Macedonia, which is located in the Balkans where Turks live intensely. The phe-nomenon of resurrection and resurrection from bones observed in two Nasreddin Hodja anecdotes, which are variants of each other, will be evaluated in terms of their connection with the myth in the aforemen-tioned anecdotes with an emphasis on oral prose narratives, especially religion and belief systems, how they take place in epics, legends and fairy tales and their antiquity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, many of the critics made on our education system focus on the students' inability to come up with original ideas, the fact that they only memorize the information they want to be taught as it is, inability to make inferences from the information they have obtained, and inability to express themselves comfortably in front of a community. At this point, it is important for students to learn and develop their metacognitive thinking skills. It has been concluded by the studies conducted on the critical thinking skill among these skills that individuals who can think critically have high self-confidence and have courage to express their thoughts, can come up with extraordinary and original ideas, can make connections between information, produce alternative views with this information, offer solutions and show intellectual development. It is seen that these results mostly are in line with the results of the studies on humour genre's critical thinking aspect. In these studies, it is noteworthy that the researchers agreed that the most important features of the anecdote are that it is funny and that it makes people think about the main event and conflict it tells. These cases point to important premise parts about the use of humour in teaching critical thinking skills. In this sense in this study, in order to raise the type of student expected from our education system, answers were sought to the questions of whether the anecdotes told depending on the Bektashi type have an effect on critical thinking skills and whether these anecdotes can be used in teaching students critical thinking skills; it has been concluded in the aforementioned anecdotes that Bektashi anecdotes will contribute to the acquisition of this skill by the students, since Bektashi's unique, free and original thought examples, inquiring perspective, problem-solving skills, self-confidence in expressing feelings and thoughts, and critical thinker characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Readers of Adorno’s Minima Moralia have often asked and debated how this collection of aphorisms, many of which record Adorno’s personal experiences with American society, can claim any degree of objective or scientific validity. This article finds an answer to this perennial question in the peculiar way the book employs the anecdotal as a mode of presenting “actual experience.” After reviewing Adorno’s attitude toward the use of empirical methods in social research, the article contrasts the treatment of anecdotes in Adorno’s contributions to The Authoritarian Personality, an empirical study published in 1950, with his use of fragmentary anecdotal elements – brief descriptions of trivial occurrences, vignettes, highly condensed mini-narratives – in the Minima Moralia. I argue that these “anecdotal remains” constitute a form of empiricism. Seeing them as such allows us to better understand Adorno’s puzzling acknowledgment of empirical research as a needed corrective to traditional philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the concept of metacommunication and different formats of interaction in the context of learning mathematics. It argues that rituals, or process-oriented routines, can be beneficial in the learning process, particularly when students are still developing their understanding of mathematical concepts. These rituals act as a bridge to help students grasp mathematical objects and eventually transition to a more exploratory approach. The article also emphasizes the importance of different teaching approaches, some of which support rituals and others that encourage a more open-ended approach, depending on the stage of student learning. The author reflects on their collaboration with Anna Sierpinska, a mathematics education researcher, and highlights the value of their shared cultural backgrounds and interactional repertoires. The text discusses the concept of a didactic layer in mathematics education and its implications for classroom interactions. It explores the differences between a mathematical layer and a didactic layer in dialogue, emphasizing the importance of metacommunication and the form of talk. The author stresses the need for teachers to adapt their format of interaction to the norms of the school and presents the findings of a study comparing the interactions of different tutors. The article concludes by suggesting that prospective mathematics teachers should develop an awareness of the format of their interactions early in their careers. [Extracted from the article]

The review discusses the edited volume Pro Domo. Kunstgeschichte in eigener Sache. The volume aims to analyse systematically an understudied sub-genre of art writing: texts that were written by confidantes of the artists, thus suggesting a specific authority and authenticity as they claim to have ‘in-house’ knowledge of the master’s mind. The review situates the volume’s concept and approach within recent discussions on subjectivity in art writing.

Since the late nineteenth century, Beethoven's bad manners have been framed as a political act of resistance against the stilted affect of the nobility. Yet this posthumous view does not fully account for how Beethoven's contemporaries understood his (mis)behaviour. This article situates reactions to Beethoven's bad manners that originated during his lifetime, alongside anecdotes published shortly after his death, to show how the eccentric artist persona interfaced with a history of etiquette. The very act of noticing behavioural minutiae took part in a celebrity culture poised on the cusp of novelty and conformity, entertainment and moral instruction. In a period dominated by conduct books, Beethoven's friends sought to reconcile his gaffes with sensibility and (mannered) naturalness, reframing him as an ideal bourgeois subject. The case of Beethoven not only sheds light on the formation of the eccentric artist, but on the lure of the anecdote as an imaginative form of re-enactment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on trademarks for lighthearted humor, critical cultural commentary, parody. Topics include Lanham Act, the federal trademark statute, creating causes of action for trademark infringement and trademark dilution; and dilution entails using a famous mark in commerce in a way that is likely to impair its distinctiveness by associating it with unrelated products.

For the emperor, quoting Homer was both a danger and an opportunity. Suetonius' Lives shows that anecdotes of quotation circulated widely to characterise the emperor for good or for ill. Subsequently, these moments could themselves become the subject of allusion. If you quote a line of Homer that was famously quoted by the emperor, are you quoting the poet or Caesar? This phenomenon, whereby a poetic cliché could be reborn as charged reference to a prior use of that tag by a well-known figure, might be termed metaquotation. This ambiguity of reference was exploited throughout Seneca's Apocolocyntosis , and in turn by readers of that text in antiquity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Language Academy is the property of Rota Kariyer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)