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Rhythm research has had a long tradition in psychiatry, especially in affective disorders. The study of trends in incidence plays a central role in epidemiology and public health. The aims of this research were to describe the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of persons admitted for psychiatric hospitalization and their trends and periodicity in cases (global and by groups) in Spain over the 11 year study span. We conducted a cross-sectional study of the hospital discharge database of Castilla y León from 2005 to 2015, selecting hospitalizations for psychiatric reasons. Trends in the rates of hospitalization were studied by joinpoint regression analysis. Time series analysis for periodicities was done by spectral analysis, fast Fourier transform, and cosinor analysis. Some 49501 hospitalizations due to psychiatric disorders, out of 2717192 hospital admissions, took place during the study span. Hospitalizations for psychosis were frequent (15949, 32.2%), while such for eating disorders were infrequent, but showed the highest average stay (28 days) and DRG relative weight (2.41). The general trend was a statistically significant 2% annual increase in psychiatric hospitalizations over the 11 year span; substance abuse was the only exception to this trend. The whole population and the subgroups of psychosis and bipolar disorders showed significant circannual (one-year) variation in admissions. The rhythm percentage of the global group was 11.4%, while the rhythm percentages of the psychosis, bipolar, and eating disorders were 17.1%, 17.5%, and 9.6%, respectively (p <.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Our main objective is to study the prevalence of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) in school children aged 6-16 years of an autonomous region of Spain (Castile and Leon), according to reports from the teachers and to analyze the impact of the disorder on academic performance and school behavior. Methods. Population study with stratified multistage, proportional and cluster design sample. Sample analyzed: 1,049. Cases were defined according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Results. An overall prevalence rate of 4.2% was found, this being significantly higher in males (5.7%) compared to females (2.6%) and in rural (6.8%) than in urban areas (3%). No significant differences by grade or type of school were found. ODD prevalence without considering functional impairment would increase to 5.1%. ODD cases have significantly worse academic outcomes (overall academic performance, reading, math and writing) and entail worse classroom behavior (relationship with peers, respect for rules, organizational skills, academic tasks and disruption of the class). Conclusions. Based on the prevalence, early onset, persistence of symptoms and social and academic dysfunction of ODD, early diagnosis and preventive intervention are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eating disorders are on top of chronic conditions in children and adolescents, and the most severe cases may require hospitalization. Inpatient psychiatric treatment is one of the most expensive ones and therefore the efforts when treating eating disorders should focus on avoiding and shortening admissions, as well as preventing readmissions. Advances in of eating disorders treatment lie in an accurate knowledge of those patients requiring admission. This study examined the Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos—the largest public hospitalization database in Spain—to estimate the prevalence of eating and other psychiatric disorders during childhood and adolescence. It is a cross-sectional study of the hospital discharges in Castilla y León (Spain) from 2005 to 2015, in which patients under 18 years old with a psychiatric diagnosis at discharge were selected. Trends in the rates of hospitalization/1000 hospitalizations per year were studied by joinpoint regression analysis. Conclusions: eating disorders were the only group that presented an upward and continuous trend throughout the study period. This statistically significant increase showed an annual change of 7.8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Our main objective is to study the prevalence of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) in school children aged 6-16 years of an autonomous region of Spain (Castile and Leon), according to reports from the teachers and to analyze the impact of the disorder on academic performance and school behavior., Methods: Population study with stratified multistage, proportional and cluster design sample. Sample analyzed: 1,049. Cases were defined according to DSM-IV-TR criteria., Results: An overall prevalence rate of 4.2% was found, this being significantly higher in males (5.7%) compared to females (2.6%) and in rural (6.8%) than in urban areas (3%). No significant differences by grade or type of school were found. ODD prevalence without considering functional impairment would increase to 5.1%. ODD cases have significantly worse academic outcomes (overall academic performance, reading, math and writing) and entail worse classroom behavior (relationship with peers, respect for rules, organizational skills, academic tasks and disruption of the class)., Conclusions: Based on the prevalence, early onset, persistence of symptoms and social and academic dysfunction of ODD, early diagnosis and preventive intervention are necessary.