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Copyright of Lubelski Rocznik Pedagogiczny is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Algorithms are rapidly transforming government bureaucracies. The implications of this transformation for the work of public service employees are not yet well understood. So far, the literature has mostly neglected the use of algorithms by these "screen-level bureaucrats", and this constitutes a major gap in our knowledge about how algorithms affect bureaucracies. To understand the work of screen-level bureaucrats and to explore how they actively engage with algorithmic software to support their assessment of online fraud, we analyzed 45 hours of observations and 12 in-depth interviews at the Netherlands Police. We employ a socio-material perspective to analyze the dynamics between screen-level bureaucrats and algorithms. We conclude that for administrative tasks, algorithms help screen-level bureaucrats to perform their work by providing structured data and allowing them to focus more on assessments which need a nuanced judgement. At the same time, algorithmic advice in a decision-making task is simply ignored by the screen-level bureaucrats as they predominantly rely on their professional judgement in the assessment of online fraud reports. This highlights the need to further investigate how an algorithm should not only provide accurate advice to the screen-level bureaucrats but also convince them to follow it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our everyday lives are increasingly digital: We meet with friends, search for information, watch films, and buy goods online. This generates data that is automatically collected and analyzed. The ability to deal with the resulting algorithmically selected and personalized content is essential to benefit from digital technologies, and for this, digital skills are crucial. Studies focusing on digital skills, their antecedents, and consequences have mostly relied on self-reported, one-time measurements. A deeper understanding of the measures of digital skills and the role such digital skills play in everyday life and over time is needed. To address these gaps, this article compares self-reported measures of digital skills and knowledge of datafication and algorithmization in everyday internet use and maps the evolution of their relevance for digital everyday life. To do so, this articles analyzes data from multiple cross-sectional surveys conducted from 2011 to 2023 with representative samples of Swiss internet users. First, the findings indicate that self-reported skills reflect internet users’ knowledge of algorithmization and datafication in everyday internet use. This renders the measure a decent tool for empirical studies. Second, the findings show that digital skills are associated with socioeconomic background, cyber-optimistic attitudes, usage time, use of social media, health trackers, voice assistants, ChatGPT, and feeling included in the information society. These relationships varied over time. This article provides longitudinal empirical evidence on the relevance of digital skills in a highly digitized country. The findings highlight that promoting digital skills can contribute to fostering more inclusive digital societies.

The issue of fake news has become a viral concern in social networks due to the dangers it implies for the various social actors, and the solutions proposed are varied, some focus on media education and others on the role of technology using artificial intelligence to detect this event and discriminate it, with the limitation that it is not recognized that this fact is inherent to the capitalist relations of production. From the bibliographic analysis it is clear that the predominant approach is that of the communication sciences. Based on these concerns, the purpose of this article is to offer an evaluation from the point of view of the Political Economy of Fake News, recognizing that its deepest cause is a reflection of the sharpening of the fundamental economic contradiction of this system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ICT in Muzical Field / Tehnologii Informatice si de Comunicatie in Domeniul Muzical is the property of Tehnologii Informatice si de Comunicatie in Domeniul Muzical / ICT in Musical Field and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Film Quarterly / Kwartalnik Filmowy is the property of Kwartalnik Filmowy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As algorithms play an increasingly important role in public organizations, we see a rise in the number of public sector data scientists. Even though the relevance and risks of algorithms in the public sector are broadly discussed, our current academic knowledge of public sector data scientists and their work is limited. To develop an understanding of their work practices, data scientists have been studied in two Dutch government organizations. In a core period of 5 months per organization, I conducted in-depth qualitative research into the work of the data scientists, their role in the organization, and their relationship with other actors at two regulatory agencies in the Netherlands. The analysis shows that data scientists integrate Silicon Valley and engineering, domain, as well as political–administrative logics in their work practices. Thus, the work of the data scientists is hybrid. However, even though the organizational contexts are very similar, hybrid work takes very different forms both across organizations and over time. This dynamic hybridity is linked to different algorithmization processes and outcomes in the two organizations. The results suggest that hybridity in public sector data scientists' work should be adapted to organizational and technological aspects of transformation processes and aspired outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

У середовищі наукових досліджень, що швидко розвивається, потреба в ефективному та точному розповсюдженні знань призвела до пошуку інноваційних підходів. У цій статті розглядається галузь алгоритмізації, що розвивається, застосована до автоматизованого написання наукових публікацій. Оскільки традиційні методи підготовки рукописів стикаються з проблемами, пов’язаними з витратами часу та потенційними людськими помилками, інтеграція алгоритмів обіцяє революцію в процесі публікації. Стаття починається з дослідження поточних викликів у науковому написанні, підкреслюючи, що огляд літератури, аналіз даних і написання займають багато часу. Це підкреслює потенціал автоматизації для полегшення тягаря дослідників шляхом упорядкування цих процесів, дозволяючи їм більше зосереджуватися на основних аспектах своїх досліджень. Ретельно розглядаються етичні міркування, властиві алгоритмічному науковому написанню. У статті детально розглядаються проблеми, пов’язані з інтелектуальною власністю, визначенням авторства та потенційними упередженнями, вбудованими в алгоритми. Він виступає за прозорі практики та наголошує на необхідності для дослідників підтримувати нагляд за алгоритмічними результатами для збереження цілісності наукового дискурсу. [1] Представлено поглиблений аналіз існуючих засобів автоматизованого письма та платформ, оцінюючи їх переваги та обмеження. У статті порівнюються популярні алгоритми та обговорюється їх застосування в різних наукових областях. Крім того, він проливає світло на потенціал співпраці між дослідниками та алгоритмами, представляючи симбіотичну модель, яка використовує сильні сторони обох. Стаття завершується перспективним поглядом, який передбачає майбутні наслідки алгоритмізації для написання наукових публікацій. У ньому обговорюються потенційні досягнення, проблеми та еволюція ролі дослідників в епоху, коли алгоритми роблять значний внесок у ландшафт наукової комунікації. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers the actual reflection of the transhumanistic concept in various fields of scientific knowledge. This concept has recently aroused genuine interest both because of its direction and because of its own contradictions. The discussion that has unfolded around this concept allows to evaluate all the pros and cons of the implementation of the transhumanist idea, which requires improving the physical condition of a person through the use of the most advanced technologies, among which biotechnology occupies an important place. Their use generates contextual social, economic and political problems. In this regard, it is necessary to investigate the process of emergence and development of transhumanistic risks, as well as the possibility of managing them on the basis of both traditional and original tools, taking into account the specifics of the transhumanistic approach. In the article, the authors present a study of the formation of transhumanistic risks associated with the creation and use of artificial intelligence, as well as the possibility of risk management in the transhumanistic space. The threat is increasing due to the growing globalization, interconnectedness and the speed of change in the world. These trends are generally useful, but present new challenges, including new types of transhumanistic risks associated with the use of artificial intelligence. It is more difficult to predict them than any other known risks. Conceptual options for assessing the situation developing in the transhumanistic space together represent a new vector transhumanistic risk management theory and practice development.

Over the years, new methodological trends have emerged in physical education and sport with the aim of developing and improving the instructional and educational process. These conscious actions, demonstrating their practical usefulness, have become methodological guidelines, concepts used by the majority of specialists in the field, whether teachers or coaches. They are the result of the evolution of the theory and practice of physical education and sport, but also determined by the development of science and technology in the field of physical education and sport. Algorithmisation is considered by specialists to be a non-heuristic methodological orientation, a last phase of programmed instruction. As a non-heuristic methodological orientation, algorithmisation does not give students the possibility to choose the solution, therefore, in order to contribute to the development of imagination and creativity, it should be closely linked to problematisation. Also, in physical education and sport, unforeseen situations often arise, for which the previously devised algorithms cannot be applied, a situation often encountered in sports games and situational sports. In carrying out the research we aimed at the following objectives: determination of the biomotor potential of 6th grade students through specific tests; development of the subjects motor qualities through different methods; analysis of the final results compared to the initial tests.

Copyright of Bestuurskunde is the property of Boom uitgevers Den Haag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the era of AI, algorithms have been rapidly applied to the ecological environment in a diffuse way and continue to deepen and expand. Algorithms based on data exist in every decision-making process with the help of automatic analysis, which greatly improves the efficiency of decision-making and is constantly converging environmental decision-making and algorithms. However, while improving the quality and speed of environmental decision-making, algorithm technology also brings into the decision-making process general technical genetic risks such as ‘algorithm black box,’ ‘algorithm hegemony,’ and ‘algorithm discrimination,’ resulting in special scenario-based risks such as inaccurate environmental decision-making, the multiplication of professional barriers, and a low degree of public participation. The inherent risks are manifested in the crisis of government trust, the aggravation of environmental injustice, and the suspension of public participation rights in environmental protection, which directly affect the function of algorithms in the field of ecological environment. The fundamental reason is that in the process of the interaction between environmental decision-making and algorithms, there is no lack of opposition, overlap, or exclusion between the openness, risk, and sociality of environmental decision-making and the opacity, autonomy, and capital of algorithms. Due to the strong intervention of algorithms in environmental decision-making, the contradiction between the attributes of algorithms and environmental decision-making is not buffered in time but is further intensified. Therefore, the key to reducing the risk of applying algorithms to environmental decision-making lies in reconciling the contradiction between environmental decision-making and algorithms. Based on the advantages and disadvantages of algorithms for environ‑ mental decision-making, this paper makes proper adjustments to the essential attributes of algorithms and environmental decision-making for the purpose of achieving a balance between the benefits of technology and those of institutions. Therefore, to ensure the good operation of algorithms in the environmental field, the paper takes openness and transparency, strict supervision and accountability, and full public participation as the regulatory paths and increases the transparency of algorithms, weakens the uncertainty of algorithms and environmental decision-making, inhibits the capitalization of algorithms, and supports the openness and sociality of environmental decision-making, so as to reconcile contradictions, balance the interests of all parties, and improve the environmental decision-making system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

School and education in general are confused, lost somewhere between the excesses and perversions of laissez-faire democracy coupled with the après nous le déluge philosophy of libertine consumerism. Such manifestations are, unmistakable evidence of neoliberalism. Our great moral-axiological benchmarks, the voice of authority, respect for the specialist or reverence for the professional found themselves set aside by the postmodern spirit – the "anything goes" philosophy – to which we all obey as a fashion or a universal trend. Unfortunately, such fashion leaves deep traces in our very human evolution which is called into question by the latest developments, tendencies or trends. The positioning of the human being – as the crown of evolution –, although exaggerated by its excessive anthropocentrism, is challenged by the current evolution of machines and computers – faster, more efficient and infinitely more unpretentious. In this paper we want to review at least some aspects of the general field of education, understood as influencing and manipulation, aspects that point, if we squint a little beyond the immediate present, to the worrying destinations, worrying both from an ethical point of view and from a broader anthropological or ontological perspective. It seems that the human being ends up being "raised" or "educated" to "serve" the algorithms of the machine, be it a robot or a computer. From an ethical point of view, this should give us something to think about in the most serious way possible. From this perspective, the present paper is meant to be an alarm that invites, at least, to some fundamental moral inquiries and reflections regarding the question: "What should I do?". We believe that ethics – given its orientative mission and its teleological "regard" – is able to offer us at least some markers to navigate through the thicket of equivocal possibilities of informatics and the Internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The promised merits of data-driven innovation in general and algorithmic systems in particular hardly need enumeration. However, as decision-making tasks are increasingly delegated to algorithmic systems, this raises questions about accountability. These pressing questions of algorithmic accountability, particularly with regard to data-driven innovation in the public sector, deserve ample scholarly attention. Therefore, this paper brings together perspectives from governance studies and critical algorithm studies to assess how algorithmic accountability succeeds or falls short in practice and analyses the Dutch System Risk Indication (SyRI) as an empirical case. Dissecting a concrete case teases out to which degree archetypical accountability practices and processes function in relation to algorithmic decision-making processes, and which new questions concerning algorithmic accountability emerge therein. The case is approached through the analysis of “scavenged” material. It was found that while these archetypical accountability processes and practices can be incredibly productive in dealing with algorithmic systems they are simultaneously at risk. The current accountability configurations hinge predominantly on the ex ante sensitivity and responsiveness of the political fora. When these prove insufficient, mitigation in medias res/ex post is very difficult for other actants. In part, this is not a new phenomenon, but it is amplified in relation to algorithmic systems. Different fora ask different kinds of medium-specific questions to the actor, from different perspectives with varying power relations. These algorithm-specific considerations relate to the decision-making around an algorithmic system, their functionality, and their deployment. Strengthening ex ante political accountability fora to these algorithm-specific considerations could help mitigate this.

In this manuscript, schoolchild mathematical competencies have been assessed by using educational gamification methodologies; specifically, Educational Escape Rooms (EER). To ease the interpretation of results, Spanish schoolchildren trained by using two different methodologies (ABN and CBC) were selected to participate in the experience. The gamified environment used as assessment tool was co-designed by trainee teachers, on-service teachers, and university researchers. The design was implemented in different educational centers and the results were transcribed to deliver a didactic analysis. Among the findings of this study, we uncovered: (i) the reduction of the math anxiety, (ii) the different performance of the schoolchild involved—ABN students show an additional and positive 10% development of certain mathematical competences—and (iii) a positive didactic-mathematic development of the participant trainee teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The aim of this paper is to discuss the possible causes of the crisis of democracy that affects broader democratic relations and processes in the spheres of sociality, culture, economy, and politics. The crisis of democracy is especially considered in the context of the technosphere which rests on the power of artificial intelligence and artificial life. The paper raises the question of the importance and role of media literacy as one of the key solutions to the crisis of democracy and the escalation of misinformation in public discourse. Approach / methodology. The paper is based on a systematic review and analysis of literature and available research that creates a theoretical framework for defining and understanding the crisis of democracy and its connection with the problems of technicalization (datafication and algorithmization) of society and social processes, that is, with the challenges of the disinfodemic, which, through the marginalization of the truth and uncritical viewing of information, opens up space for the arrival of post-truth. Findings. This paper seeks to encourage reflection on the profession, decision makers, but also the general public on balancing the sense of (individual and collective) responsibility and the possibility of real control, i.e. the responsibility of the individual and the responsibility of public and private sector. It also seeks to encourage dialogue on the need to create strategies and programs to promote and develop media literacy and critical thinking not only to counter misinformation, but also to critically understand social relations and distribute social and political power. Originality / value. The paper connects the issues of algorithmization, the crisis of democracy and media literacy. Media literacy is the foundation of informed citizenship, and thus the foundation of a democratic society. Knowledge, skills and competencies of media literacy in the information society can no longer refer only to the ability of an individual to successfully navigate through the 'traditional' information and media space, but must also refer to the issue of navigating the computational space of information for whose complex, dynamic and dissonant structure are increasingly more responsible corporate algorithms or algorithms of the so-called, third parties. Linking the three issues may never have been more necessary than in an age marked by general socio-political suspicion and apathy and a growing discrepancy between increasingly complex and sophisticated techniques of (dis)information and media (il)literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lubelski Rocznik Pedagogiczny is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Technology & Information Education is the property of Palacky University in Olomouc and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie ( KZfSS) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the context of modern competition, project management approach can ensure higher speed and quality of achieving strategic objectives set for health care industry at minimal cost and risk. Due to the need to implement regional projects with higher speed and quality, the problems of algorithmization of project management processes becomes relevant. The complex multi-level system of project implementation in health care industry, instability of external environment and variety of needs of stakeholders requires finding algorithm to implement management processes. The purpose of the study was to find prototype model for managing processes of medical organization project, built on formalized data of functional components of project and algorithms obtained during stage-by-stage modeling of the system. In the process of development of operation of the system its elements and presentation of data were iteratively refined and in accordance with data algorithms were synchronously refined too. To build prototype model of management processes in regional medical organization for subsequent digitization it is necessary to formalize variables, to determine in accordance with size of the range of values that variable can take for subsequent effective algorithmization of management processes. The stages of project management processes were correlated with classification characteristics of models to establish stages of their construction and modeling of working model of prototype project. To establish optimal prototype of project management processes its immediate integration with project environment of medical organization is required using machine learning methods. The study results confirmed necessity to proceed search for project management tools increasing efficiency of operational activities of medical organizations implementing regional projects in health care industry.

Purpose: The aim of the article is to describe and forecast possible difficulties related to the development of cognitive technologies and the progressing of algorithmization of HRM processes as a part of Industry 4.0. Design/methodology/approach: While most of the studies to date related to the phenomenon of Industry 4.0 and Big Data are concerned with the level of efficiency of cyber-physical systems and the improvement of algorithmic tools, this study proposes a different perspective. It is an attempt to foresee the possible difficulties connected with algorithmization HRM processes, which understanding could help to "prepare" or even eliminate the harmful effects we may face which will affect decisions made in the field of the managing organizations, especially regarding human resources management, in era of Industry 4.0. Findings: The research of cognitive technologies in the broadest sense is primarily associated with a focus of thinking on their effectiveness, which can result in a one-sided view and ultimately a lack of objective assessment of that effectiveness. Therefore, conducting a parallel critical reflection seems even necessary. This reflection has the potential to lead to a more balanced assessment of what is undoubtedly "for", but also of what may be "against". The proposed point of view may contribute to a more informed use of algorithm-based cognitive technologies in the human resource management process, and thus to improve their real-world effectiveness. Social implications: The article can have an educational function, helps to develop critical thinking about cognitive technologies, and directs attention to areas of knowledge by which future skills should be extended. Originality/value: This article is addressed to all those who use algorithms and data-driven decision-making processes in HRM. Crucial in these considerations is the to draw attention to the dangers of unreflective use of technical solutions supporting HRM processes. The novelty of the proposed approach is the identification of three potential risk areas that may result in faulty HR decisions. These include the risk of "technological proof of equity", overconfidence in the objective character of algorithms and the existence of a real danger resulting from the so-called algorithm overfitting. Recognition of these difficulties ultimately contributed to real improvements in productivity by combining human performance with technology effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the actual problem of the development of information-cybernetic (Inf.-Cyb.) thinking in students of pedagogical specialties. As a result of the analysis of scientific and educational literature: 1) the content of the “Inf.-Cyb. thinking" concept is defined and the necessity of its use in the discussion of studying of computer science and cybernetics is justified; 2) the methodical system for the formation of Inf.-Cyb. thinking, containing target, content, procedural and diagnostic components is proposed; 3) various types of educational tasks that help to form Inf.-Cyb. thinking in students of pedagogical specialties are considered. Inf.-Cyb. thinking should be understood as: 1) the ability to explain the functioning of various information and cybernetic systems by identifying the main blocks, information flows and control chains; 2) the ability to solve typical problems in computer science and cybernetics; 3) algorithmic thinking, the ability to create algorithms and to program electronic devices; 4) the ability to interact with information and cybernetic systems in order to solve practical problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, significant changes in almost all areas of everyday life have occurred due to the constant acceleration of civilizational progress, mainly caused by the dynamic development of information technologies. As a result of these changes, new territories of generational relations (sub-worlds of the present-past and the present-future) and new dividing lines are being created. Contemporary people play the role of being members of their own generation differently. In the sub-world of generations, we observe more and more clearly visible modifications of the features characterizing generations' social identity and changes in the process of generational differentiation. The presented text is an attempt at a preliminary diagnosis of the changes mentioned above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mathematical model for definition of hole coordinates under satellites in cariage of planetary gear by results of indirect measurements is improved. Algorithm of revealing and elimination of incorrect initial data in automatic or manual mode is developed and implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article substantiates the need to create a technology for algorithmic work with professionally oriented information of a textual nature, based on the principles of the psychosemantic approach, which make it possible to most effectively define and logically form the semantic components of external speech and thinking. The authors of the article apply the original methodological concept of the characteristics of textual information, which is considered as a mechanism of learning and professional communication. Algorithmization of the process of mastering information will speed up the learning process and master a large amount of complex professional information. The algorithms proposed in the described technology have the property of modifiability and can be applied by students in their further studies and professional activities in a wide range of information interaction situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the article is to describe and forecast possible dilemmas related to the development of cognitive technologies and the progressing process of algorithmization of social life. Design/methodology/approach: Most of the current studies related to the Big Data phenomenon concern the level of efficiency improvement the algorithmic tools or protection against autonomization of machines, in this analysis a different perspective is proposed, namely – thoughtless way of using data-driven instruments, termed technological proof of equity. This study is to try to anticipate possible difficulties connected with algorithmization, which understanding could help to "prepare" or even eliminate the harmful effects we may face which will affect decisions made in the field of the social organization and managing organizations or cities etc. Findings: The proposed point of view may contribute to a more informed use of cognitive technologies, machine learning, artificial intelligence and an understanding of their impact on social life, especially unintended consequences. Social implications: The article can have an educational function, helps to develop critical thinking about cognitive technologies and directs attention to areas of knowledge by which future skills should be extended. Originality/value: The article is addressed to data scientist and all those who use algorithms and data-driven decision-making processes in their actions. Crucial in this considerations is the introduction the concept of technological proof of equity, which helps to "call" the real threat of the appearance of technologically grounded heuristic thinking and it’s social consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is devoted to the study of certain stages of transport enterprises operation processes. The subject of consideration is the technological processes of production of a certain type of products at a single transport enterprise during the technological process in the mechanical assembly shop. To fully represent and consideration of all factors of influence, the enterprise was considered as a human-machine system and further, during the research, an analysis of the structure of the system and the principles of its operation was carried out. This article provides a model of a certain technological process, which, despite its simplicity, is so meaningful that it encompasses a wide range of practical optimization tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the conceptualization of task content, task structure, and the task solving process in criminalistics workflow, where a system of forensic objectives determines the structure of forensic work performed by the investigator (expert) and affects their choice of tools and methods. A systems approach to the tasks and methods of forensic inquiry is required for successful task solving in complex forensic situations, and helps to optimize interaction between the expert (specialist) and the bearer of the burden of proof in the process of preparing and commissioning forensic examinations in civil and criminal cases, taking into account the investigative potential and forensic capabilities. The author uses an example from forensic (handwriting analysis) casework to explore the concept of forensic task and to demonstrate the multidimensional nature of task specification. The task solving process is interpreted as a process of simultaneous transformation of both the task itself as the object of forensic investigation and the investigator.

Nowadays, when, against the cascade of technological innovations, prospects of mankind to be transformed into an inter planetary civilization has been clearly shaped, the special topicality is attributed to the relations of civilization processes with synergic nature, topics of cultural memory and traditions. As far as a human is an “open” anthropological phenomenon, transformation process of its genetic code is at an extremely slow pace, but is going on. The process of permanent renewal of the worldview model under the influence of changes in social formations is more comprehensive and evident. Modern reality is like this: musical art which has switched to the road of secularization has again actively turned to mysticism, mythological and religious sets of themes (mostly, without the concept of God) since music, proceeding from its specificity, can best convey the essence of mysticism. As astonishing as it can be, but ever since the 20th century, unprecedented progress in science and technology, and along with theoretical advances, practical steps towards the assimilation of space have further emphasized the mystery of the boundlessness of the universe, thus increasing the ontological depth of musical opuses, have revealed the charismatic contents of the ideas integrated into them, have strengthened the intensiveness and manifestation area of the “mystical.” The planetary cognition, too, incorporated into the opuses, has been widened; and still, against the background of the cascade of technological innovations, many questions connected with the future of music are pierced with a futurist curiosity: what opportunities are open for the composing experiments at the level of idea and at the level of stylistic thinking? Will there be rethinking of the phenomena of composer, performer or musical audience? How will the transcendent or ethical function and aim of music be changed? what dialectical links will be formed between the scientific and technological progress and the creative process? What values will cultural memory be based on in the light of cultural-anthropological coevolution and technoculture?; will it not cause ontological desacralization of humans as well as changes in the mental and psychological essences of social and cultural being? What will the psycho-emotional perception of the cultural legacy of former epochs be like? It is also interesting, what constants of musical creative process will remain unchanged against the background of the expected complex changes? And if so, why? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of the development and introduction of a unique software–hardware suite based on the algorithmization of calculations on the parameters of the radiant-convective drying of paint coatings in compliance with specified characteristics are presented. The software suite provides the calculation of a radiant-convective or convective drying process, an operative analysis of initial data with the purpose of eliminating the design errors, the search for a rational design solution via the application of corrections to initial information and the fast recalculation of the process, and the formation of a design calculation protocol incorporating all the problem solution stages and results. The algorithmization stages and the equipment calculation formulas underlying the algorithm are described. The main functionalities of the software suite and the possibilities of its application for the calculation of drying with different characteristics for a certain paint system are demonstrated. The practical implementation and application of design calculation during the works performed at NPO Lakokraspokrytie are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proper selection and correct application of heat treatment technology for the manufacture of a machine element requires procedures and knowledge that today become much more complex. In all courses of study with a mechanical content, it is essential, in undergraduate and graduate studies, not only to know about them but also to apply them correctly. It is essential to know beforehand the required working conditions of temperature, environment, resistance of different kinds (tensile, bending, torsion, fatigue) and, sometimes, it is necessary to differentiate the properties of the core from those of the surface, which requires knowledge of a new science, «surface engineering». In the present work, in the form of algorithmic reasoning and with the application of new aspects, some already developed, it is intended to provide the essential elements to achieve a successful application that guarantees the working requirements of the element and its correct teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cities, such as industry or the universities, are immersed in a process of digital transformation generated by the possibility and technological convergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data and Artificial Intelligence and its consequences: hyperconnectivity, datafication and algorithmization. A process of transformation towards what has come to be called as Smart Cities. The aim of this paper is to show the impacts and consequences of digital connectivity, algorithmization and the datafication of urban digital society to outline possible ways of resolving the underlying moral conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]