Search

Purpose To examine dental hard and soft tissue changes of coeliac children in order to increase the awareness of the pediatric dentists in prediagnosis of especially undiagnosed coeliac disease. Materials and methods Sixty children, 28 (46.7%) boys and 32 (53.3%) girls whose ages were between 6 to 16 years were included in the present study. Thirty children who had undergone endoscopy and diagnosed with the coeliac disease in the Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey, formed the study group. Also, thirty children clinically suspected of having the coeliac disease with the same gastrointestinal complaints had undergone endoscopy and proven not coeliac were chosen as the control group. Oral examination involved assessment of dentition and specific and unspecific dental enamel defects. Also, soft tissue lesions, clinical delay of the dental eruption, salivary flow rate, pH, and buffering capacity were examined. Results Twenty coeliac patients had enamel defects, however none in the control subjects. In the coeliac group, all enamel defects were diagnosed in permanent teeth and as specific in all children. Grade I dental enamel defects found mainly in the incisors. The clinical delayed eruption was observed in 10 (33.3%) of 30 coeliac children and none of the children in the control group. While the level of DMFT/S numbers and stimulated salivary flow rate were found significantly lower in the coeliac group, pH was found significantly higher. Conclusion Oral cavity may be involved in coeliac disease and pediatric dentists can play an important role in the early diagnosis of the coeliac disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Urethral stricture (US) formation is caused by fibrosis after excessive collagen formation following an injury or trauma to the urethra. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) on a urethral injury (UI) model of male rats. Methods: A UI model was used by applying a coagulation current to the urethras of male rats. There were four groups with six rats in each: control group, PRP applied to naive urethra, UI group, and UI with PRP application. PRP was applied to the urethra after a coagulation current‐induced injury as soon as possible. On the 14th day, all rats were sacrificed and urethral tissues were investigated for collagen type I, collagen type III, platelet‐derived growth factor‐α, platelet‐derived growth factor‐β, and transforming growth factor‐β using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The effect of urethral damage and healing was evaluated for collagen type I‐to‐collagen type III ratio. Results: The collagen type I‐to‐collagen type III ratio was significantly higher in UI group (P < 0.05) than in the others, while UI with PRP application group had comparable results with the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study show that PRP has a preventive effect on stricture formation in a UI model of rats, as shown by its effect on collagen synthesis. Further studies that eventually show the effects of PRP on human tissues are necessary and promising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Valproic acid (2-n-propylpentanoic acid, VPA), the most widely used antiepileptic drug, has potential adverse effects and it can disrupt the oxidant and antioxidant balance. Edaravone (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one, EDA) is a potent free radical scavenger. In this study, the effect of EDA on gingiva in VPA induced toxicity was investigated. Female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, EDA (30 mg/kg/day) given group, VPA (0.5 g/kg/day) given group, and VPA+EDA (in same dose and time) given group. EDA and VPA were given intraperitoneally for seven days. Total protein, lipid peroxidation (LPO), sialic acid (SA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), sodium potassium ATPase (Na+/K+-ATPase) and tissue factor (TF) activities were determined in gingiva homogenates. The VPA-induced increases were statistically significant for MPO (p<0.01), ACP (p<0.01), Na+/K+-ATPase (p<0.05) and TF (p<0.01) activities, but not for LPO level and ALP activities. EDA treatment markedly blunted all such elevated anomalies. Conclusively, VPA induced oxidative and inflammatory gingival tissue damage, reactions that were appreciably reversed by concurrent administration of EDA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Edaravone (3-methyl-1 -phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-on) is a potent free radical scavenger and has the antioxidant ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation. Valproic acid (VPA) is a branced-chain carboxylic acid that is widely used as an anti-convulsant for the treatment of epilepsy. It is also interestingly used in other diseases such as bipolar psychiatric disorders and migraine. In this study, the effect of edaravone on gingival tissue damage parameters in VPA induced toxicity was investigated. Female rats were randomly divided into four groups. Group I was intact control animals. Group II was given only VPA (0.5 g/kg/day) for seven days. Group III was given only edaravone (30 mg/kg/day) for seven days. Group IV was given VPA +edaravone (in the same dose and time). Edaravone and VPA were given intraperitoneally. On the eighth day of experiment, all of the animals were fasted overnight and then sacrificed under ether anesthesia. Gingival tissue samples were taken from animals and homogenized. Total protein and lipid peroxidation levels (LPO) and tissue factor activity (TFa), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and alkaline phosphatase activities (ALP) were determined in gingival tissue homogenates. LPO, MPO, ALP and TFa increased in VPA given group. The increases in MPO and TFa activities were statistically significant compared to control group (p<0,01). Edaravone treatment lead to decreases in these parameters. This decrease was found to be statistically significant for MPO (p<0,01). As a conclusion VPA increased gingival tissue damage by causing oxidative stress whereas edaravone tended to reverse these effects. More detailed studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Biochemistry / Turk Biyokimya Dergisi is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: To examine dental hard and soft tissue changes of coeliac children in order to increase the awareness of the pediatric dentists in prediagnosis of especially undiagnosed coeliac disease., Materials and Methods: Sixty children, 28 (46.7%) boys and 32 (53.3%) girls whose ages were between 6 to 16 years were included in the present study. Thirty children who had undergone endoscopy and diagnosed with the coeliac disease in the Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey, formed the study group. Also, thirty children clinically suspected of having the coeliac disease with the same gastrointestinal complaints had undergone endoscopy and proven not coeliac were chosen as the control group. Oral examination involved assessment of dentition and specific and unspecific dental enamel defects. Also, soft tissue lesions, clinical delay of the dental eruption, salivary flow rate, pH, and buffering capacity were examined., Results: Twenty coeliac patients had enamel defects, however none in the control subjects. In the coeliac group, all enamel defects were diagnosed in permanent teeth and as specific in all children. Grade I dental enamel defects found mainly in the incisors. The clinical delayed eruption was observed in 10 (33.3%) of 30 coeliac children and none of the children in the control group. While the level of DMFT/S numbers and stimulated salivary flow rate were found significantly lower in the coeliac group, pH was found significantly higher., Conclusion: Oral cavity may be involved in coeliac disease and pediatric dentists can play an important role in the early diagnosis of the coeliac disease., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.