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Background: To treat symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia α1-adrenoceptor antagonists with little antagonism at α1b-adrenoceptor were used to avoid orthostatic hypotension. In benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues α1D-adrenoceptor are thought to predominate, but in the Japanese experience, either α1A- or α1D- adrenoceptor antagonists can alleviate benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms. We hypothesized that prostatic expression of α1A- and α1D-adrenoceptor varies quantitatively between patients. Materials and Methods: We immunohistochemically localized α1A- and α1D-adrenoceptor within benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues, and quantitated mRNA expression for these subtypes by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results: Immunohistochemistry detected both subtypes in stromal but not detected epithelial cells. Copy numbers of α1A-adrenoceptor mRNA in benign prostatic hyperplasia tissue were significantly higher than those of α1D-adrenoceptor mRNA. Among patients; the ratio of α1A- to α1D-adrenoceptor mRNA ranged from 1.0 to 8.4. Conclusion: An ideal therapeutic antagonist for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms should block both α1A- and α1D-adrenoceptor Keywords: Adrenoceptor subtypes; Benign prostatic hyperplasia; Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction DOI: 10.3126/jpn.v1i1.4439Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2011) Vol.1, 1-7

Hypertension is a condition where adrenergic responsiveness, sympathetic activity and adrenoceptors are somewhat altered. Many techniques are available to assess human sympathetic nervous system activity. They each present limitations and disadvantages. Characterization and subdivision of the α and β-adrenoceptors, according to their localization and answer to different agonists, was facilitated in recent years by the extensive use of pharmacological and molecular biology techniques. Some adrenoceptor studies were conducted on animal models, human tissues and peripheral blood cells to assess their changes in various forms and stages of hypertension. Our group has pointed out that &alpha[SUB1]-adrenergic receptors expressed by human peripheral blood lymphocytes underwent changes of density in essential hypertensives, compared to normotensive control subjects. The importance of these findings could provide an assessment of α[SUB1]-peripheral receptors with possible future clinical implications in the pathophysiology and treatment of hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]