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The oxygen can have an adverse effect on the quality of some foods leading to a decrease in their shelf-life. Several approaches have been applied to remove the oxygen concentration in packed food; among them, oxygen scavengers have been widely used to preserve oxygen-sensitive foods. In the present study, an experimental set-up was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of oxygen scavengers, in removing oxygen from butter containers. Two types of oxygen absorbers adhesive labels and sachets and two caps with and without adjustable closure were tested. The plastic caps used in the study were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The oxygen concentration in the headspace of the containers was monitored using a gas analyser. The best results were achieved with the oxygen absorber sachets and using caps with adjustable closure. Under these conditions, the oxygen concentration inside the container remained below 3% during 150 h.

Labels are used for marketing, technical information, local of production and environmental declarations of products. The aim of the study was to evaluate the life cycle of two sets of front and back adhesive labels made with different liners: polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and glassine paper. The study is a pioneering initiative in the labelling industry using life cycle assessment, especially in Brazil. The attributional life cycle assessment method was based on the ISO 14044 standard and covered the entire life cycle, cradle to grave. Primary data for key suppliers, printing facility and label use composed the foreground data, while the ecoinvent database composed the background data. The material efficiency was assessed through mass balance. The impact assessment methods were cumulative energy demand for non-renewable energy and ILCD 2011 midpoint for the environmental categories. The glassine liner is heavier than the PET which resulted in larger environmental indicator values for production, transportation and waste treatment. On the other hand, energy demand of label set with glassine liner was lower than the PET. Furthermore, the hotspot analysis of each impact category was presented per process and substance. The label set made with glassine liner tended to present larger environmental indicator values in most categories, 13 of the 16 assessed, compared to the label set made with PET liner, despite the uncertainties. Contribution analysis identified that the pre-manufacturing step presented larger environmental indicator values than manufacturing, use and post-use steps along the label set life cycle. Therefore, environmental improvement opportunities were evaluated through scenarios of end of life, recycled inputs, domestic suppliers, waste prevention and product redesign. Moreover, the life cycle assessment was useful for diagnosing the energy and environmental profiles of self-adhesive labels and planning cleaner production measures that avoid environmental tradeoffs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through evolution, animals have developed organs such as feet, tongues, claws and suction cups, with an extraordinary control of adhesive properties and an outstanding performance in a wide range of challenging environments. We discuss here some of the physical mechanisms animals deploy to adhere and release from substrates, along with specific examples of species that have been particularly successful in each of these categories. We point to how these basic physical mechanisms can have set limitations on how organs may have evolved and how different mechanisms are simultaneously integrated to control their adhesive properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oxygen can have an adverse effect on the quality of some foods leading to a decrease in their shelf-life. Several approaches have been applied to remove the oxygen concentration in packed food; among them, oxygen scavengers have been widely used to preserve oxygen-sensitive foods. In the present study, an experimental set-up was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of oxygen scavengers, in removing oxygen from butter containers. Two types of oxygen absorbers adhesive labels and sachets and two caps with and without adjustable closure were tested. The plastic caps used in the study were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The oxygen concentration in the headspace of the containers was monitored using a gas analyser. The best results were achieved with the oxygen absorber sachets and using caps with adjustable closure. Under these conditions, the oxygen concentration inside the container remained below 3% during 150 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The preparation and characterisation of a resazurin-based photocatalyst activity indicator label is described. The label is applied to a number of different TiO 2 -based, photocatalytic materials, including self-cleaning: glass, tile, paint and awning materials, as well as a thin, sol-gel film, produced in-house. In all cases, the label exhibited a blue to pink colour transition upon irradiation with UV light. In most cases, the time taken to bleach 90% of the red component of the digital image of the ink, ttb(90) , was twice that for a traditional Rz ink, produced by the drawdown method, since the former was twice as thick. Although not as fast as a drawdown Rz ink, by a factor of ca. Two, it still only takes minutes to change and the Rz label is much more easily used, stored and does not need the sample to be: very smooth, horizontal or flat. As such it appears ideal for testing samples, both quantitatively and qualitatively in situ , i.e. in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The collection of high-quality fingerprints is an important component of routine forensic autopsies and represents one of the several potential methods for identifying a decedent. Fingerprint collection at autopsy frequently employs a manual method using fingerprint ink and cards, although some offices use digital-scanning equipment. While these methodologies are adequate in most circumstances, this study introduces an alternative method using fingerprint powder and adhesive labels. The method is quick, easy to perform, and cost-effective and provides the additional advantage of an adhesive label that easily conforms to the finger, palm, or foot which reduces smudging of prints in individuals with rigor mortis, skin slippage, or decomposition compared to more traditional autopsy fingerprint collection techniques. The prints can then be easily stored, either in hard-copy form or scanned to make a digital record. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RGO: Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia is the property of RGO: Revista Gaucha de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSA) are used to manufacture labels that are applied directly on the food. These adhesives could contain not only intentionally added compounds (IAS) to the adhesive formula but also non-intentionally added substances (NIAS), due to the impurities from the raw materials used, decomposition of the initial components or from chemical interactions between them. These compounds could migrate to the food and contaminate it. In this study, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS/Q) and atmospheric pressure gas chromatography coupled to a quadrupole hyphenated to a time of flight mass spectrometer (APGC-MS/Q-TOF) have been used for identification of unknown compounds and NIAS coming from a PSA. Seven compounds were identified by GC-MS/Q, and other eight compounds remained initially unknown. The structure of these eight new compounds was elucidated by working with the spectra obtained by APGC-MS/Q-TOF. Finally, two different migration studies were carried out. The first one with Tenax as solid food simulant in contact with the paper label containing the adhesive and the second one with isooctane filled in a natural pork intestine where the label containing the adhesive was applied on the external side. The results are shown and discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simulation of dynamic adhesive peeling problems at small scales has attracted little attention so far. These problems are characterized by a highly nonlinear response. Accurate and stable time integration schemes are required for simulation of dynamic peeling problems. In the present work, a composite time integration scheme is proposed for the simulation of dynamic adhesive peeling problems. It is shown through numerical examples that the proposed scheme remains stable and also has some gain in accuracy. The performance of the scheme is compared with two collocation-based schemes, i.e., Newmark scheme and Bathe composite scheme. It is shown that the proposed scheme and Bathe composite scheme perform equally. However, the proposed scheme adds very little to the computational cost of Newmark scheme. Through a numerical simulation of the peeling of a gecko spatula from a rigid substrate it is shown that the proposed scheme and the Bathe composite scheme are able to simulate the complete peeling process for given time step whereas the Newmark scheme diverges. It is also shown that the maximum pull-off force is within the range reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Test results of relief Braille elements printed on adhesive labels using digital printing are given. The effect of technological and mode factors to Braille symbol parameters was determined. It was shown that increasing digital printing speed from 0.25 up to 0.75 m/s, Braille dot diameter decreases and the height increases. The rise of varnish temperature reduces its viscosity, resulting in higher Braille dot diameter. Optimal printing modes were determined according to statistical analysis of experimental tests results (feeding speed of printing material - 0.58 m/s; varnish temperature - 59°C; the pressure in printing head - 2.5 x 105 Pa) which enable to form normative Braille dot parameters (Braill dot diameter - 1.60 ± 0.10 x 10-3 m, Braille dot height 0.16-0.20 x 10-3 m). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Onychophoran worms are terrestrial organisms that have changed relatively little since the mid-Cambrian. We collected Macroperipatus geagy in coffee plantations at "Hacienda El Roble", Santander, Colombia, and here redescribe the species based on 15 individuals. A digital three-dimensional reconstruction of the ventral side of the body indicates that the primary and accessory papillae lack a defined distribution pattern. Diagnostic characters: one main tooth and one accessory tooth in the outer jaw, and one main tooth, one accessory tooth and seven denticles in the internal jaw. Measurements: length (X=45.66 mm; SD=26.10), weight (X= 0.95 g; SD= 2.21) and number of lobopods (X= 28.13 pairs; SD= 1.30). We present a taxonomic key for six species of Macroperipatus. The liquid adhesive secretion lost 60% of the initial weight at 70 °C (solid: 13% close to 90 °C). The stability phase of the liquid secretion was within 90-280 °C (100 °C -205 °C in the solid secretion). The starting degradation temperature of the sample was 355 °C. Heat flow changes in the solid and liquid secretions were confirmed by the sample behavior during thermogravimetric analysis. The percentage of β sheets calculated by infrared spectrum was 59%. In comparison with Nephila spiders, the onychophoran secretion lost more weight and entered the phase of degradation at lower temperatures. This secondary structure of proteins gives the onychophoran adhesive secretion a tensile strength and extensibility similar to those of the silk produced by spiders for prey-capture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Failure process, mode and strength of unidirectional composite single lap bonded joints were investigated experimentally with respect to bonding methods, that is, co-curing with or without adhesive and secondary bonding. The co-cured joint specimen without adhesive had the highest failure strength. Progressive failures along an adhesive layer occurred in the secondary bonded specimen. In the co-cured specimen with adhesive film, delamination failure occurred and the joint strength was lower than that of secondary bonded specimens. Delamination failure did not occur in the secondary bonded specimen because of early crack growth and progressive failure in the adhesive layer. Therefore, The failure strength of composite bonded joint is not always proportionate to adhesion strength of adhesive due to the weakness of delamination in composite materials. The influences of surface roughness, bondline thickness and fillets in the secondary bonded specimens were also studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article highlights the Children's Dental Health Month in New York City. The Keeping Smiles Brighter creative contest for children in preschool through 12th grade was sponsored by the NYSDA. Stickers printed with messages Snack Smart and Take a Bite for Health were also distributed to children and staff members in New York City elementary schools.

The article presents a case study of a 28-year-old woman with a history of atopic dermatitis presented with a one-year history of hand eczema involving the second to fourth fingers on both hands. Topics discussed include occupational exposure to methylisothiazolinone in adhesive labels; diagnostic patch testing for allergens; and exposure assessment of methylisothiazolinone in consumer products.

The article discusses the study which analyzes the surface topography and chemical composition of an adhesive paper label using the combination of confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. It states that the paper label consists of two different immiscible polymer layers and paper fabricated from cellulose and calcite materials. It indicates that the confocal Raman spectroscopy combined with high-resolution topography imaging technique provides a powerful tool in analyzing complex materials which can chemically identify the thin films in varied materials that contribute to the surface composition.

The article reports on the U.S. Pat. No. 7,249,903 granted by the Patent and Trademark Office to Astro-Med Inc. on July 31, 2007. The patent includes progressive feeding and printing of rollstock adhesive labels in electrophotographic printers. It states that the electro-mechanical method is used in Quick Label Systems' Vivo! digital color label printing brand.