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People interact with their environment thanks to their perceptual and motor skills. This is the way they both use objects around them and perceive the world around them. Interactive systems are examples of such objects. Therefore to design such objects, we must understand how people perceive them and manipulate them. For example, haptics is both related to the human sense of touch and what I call the motor ability. I address a number of research questions related to the design and implementation of haptic, gestural, and touch interfaces and present examples of contributions on these topics. More interestingly, perception, cognition, and action are not separated processes, but an integrated combination of them called the sensorimotor loop. Interactive systems follow the same overall scheme, with differences that make the complementarity of humans and machines. The interaction phenomenon is a set of connections between human sensorimotor loops, and interactive systems execution loops. It connects inputs with outputs, users and systems, and the physical world with cognition and computing in what I call the Human-System loop. This model provides a complete overview of the interaction phenomenon. It helps to identify the limiting factors of interaction that we can address to improve the design of interaction techniques and interactive devices.; Les humains interagissent avec leur environnement grâce à leurs capacités perceptives et motrices. C'est ainsi qu'ils utilisent les objets qui les entourent et perçoivent le monde autour d'eux. Les systèmes interactifs sont des exemples de tels objets. Par conséquent, pour concevoir de tels objets, nous devons comprendre comment les gens les perçoivent et les manipulent. Par exemple, l'haptique est à la fois liée au sens du toucher et à ce que j'appelle la capacité motrice. J'aborde un certain nombre de questions de recherche liées à la conception et à la mise en œuvre d'interfaces haptiques, gestuelles et tactiles et je présente des exemples de contributions sur ces sujets. Plus intéressant encore, la perception, la cognition et l'action ne sont pas des processus séparés, mais une combinaison intégrée d'entre eux appelée la boucle sensorimotrice. Les systèmes interactifs suivent le même schéma global, avec des différences qui forme la complémentarité des humains et des machines. Le phénomène d'interaction est un ensemble de connexions entre les boucles sensorimotrices humaines et les boucles d'exécution des systèmes interactifs. Il relie les entrées aux sorties, les utilisateurs aux systèmes, et le monde physique à la cognition et au calcul dans ce que j'appelle la boucle Humain-Système. Ce modèle fournit un aperçu complet du phénomène d'interaction. Il permet d'identifier les facteurs limitatifs de l'interaction que nous pouvons aborder pour améliorer la conception des techniques d'interaction et des dispositifs interactifs.

A brain-computer interface (BCI) based on electroencephalography (EEG) is a promising technology for enhancing virtual reality (VR) applications-in particular, for gaming. We focus on the so-called P300-BCI, a stable and accurate BCI paradigm relying on the recognition of a positive event-related potential (ERP) occurring in the EEG about 300 ms post-stimulation. We implemented a basic version of such a BCI displayed on an ordinary and affordable smartphone-based head-mounted VR device: that is, a mobile and passive VR system (with no electronic components beyond the smartphone). The mobile phone performed the stimuli presentation, EEG synchronization (tagging) and feedback display. We compared the ERPs and the accuracy of the BCI on the VR device with a traditional BCI running on a personal computer (PC). We also evaluated the impact of subjective factors on the accuracy. The study was within-subjects, with 21 participants and one session in each modality. No significant difference in BCI accuracy was found between the PC and VR systems, although the P200 ERP was significantly wider and larger in the VR system as compared to the PC system., Comment: IEEE Transactions on Games, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, In press

International audience; Machine learning systems became pervasive in modern interactive technology but provide users with little, if any, agency with respect to how their models are trained from data. In this paper, we are interested in the way novices handle learning algorithms, what they understand from their behavior and what strategy they may use to "make it work". We developed a web-based sketch recognition algorithm based on Deep Neural Network (DNN), called Marcelle-Sketch, that end-users can train incrementally. We present an experimental study that investigate people's strategies and (mis)understandings in a realistic algorithm-teaching task. Our study involved 12 participants who performed individual teaching sessions using a think-aloud protocol. Our results show that participants adopted heterogeneous strategies in which variability affected the model performances. We highlighted the importance of sketch sequencing, particularly at the early stage of the teaching task. We also found that users' understanding is facilitated by simple operations on drawings, while confusions are caused by certain inherent properties of DNN. From these findings, we propose implications for design of IML systems dedicated to novices and discuss the socio-cultural aspect of this research.

International audience; We investigate how users touch arbitrary shapes. First, we performed semi-structured interviews with a fifteen-shape set as prop to identify touch strategies. Results reveal four main potential touch strategies, from which we devised nine mathematical candidate models. We investigate the ability of these models to predict human behaviour in a controlled experiment. We found that the center of a shape's bounding box best approximates a user's target location when touching arbitrary shapes. Our findings not only invite designers to use a larger variety of shapes, but can also be used to design touch interaction adapted to user behaviour using our model. As an example, they are likely to be valuable for the creation of applications exposing shapes of various complexities, like drawing applications.

International audience; Flexible sensing styluses deliver additional degrees of input for penbased interaction, yet no research has looked into the integration with creative digital applications as well as the influence of flexural stiffness. We present Hy-perBrush, a modular flexible stylus with interchangeable flexible components for digital drawing applications. We compare our HyperBrush to rigid pressure styluses in three studies, for brushstroke manipulation, for menu selection and for creative digital drawing tasks. HyperBrush yields comparable results with a commercial pressure pen. We concluded that different flexibilities could pose their own unique advantages analogous to an artist's assortment of paintbrushes.

The little prince asked Saint-Exupéry to draw him a sheep, but what if he had asked him to be drawn Science? How could he have done it and what could we have learned from it? In this article, we address the question of ``drawing science'' by taking advantage of the massive digitization of scientific production, and focusing on its body of knowledge. We demonstrate how we can reconstruct, from the massive digital traces of science, a reasonably precise and concise approximation of its dynamical structures that can be grasped by the human mind and explored interactively. For this purpose, we formalize the notion of level and scale of knowledge dynamics as complex systems and we introduce a new formal definition for phylomemetic networks as dynamical reconstruction of knowledge dynamics. We propose a new reconstruction algorithm for phylomemetic networks that outperforms previous ones and demonstrate how this approach also makes it possible to define a new temporal clustering on dynamical graphs. Finally, we show in case studies that this approach produces representations of knowledge dynamics close to the ones that can be obtained by synthesizing the points of view of experts on a given domain., « Dessine-moi un mouton » a demandé le Petit Prince à Saint-Exupéry. Que se serait-il passé s'il lui avait demandé de dessiner la science ? Comment aurait-il pu s’y prendre et qu'aurions-nous pu apprendre de cette expérience ? Dans cet article, nous abordons la question de la représentation de la science en tirant parti de la numérisation massive de la production scientifique, et en nous concentrant sur son corpus de connaissances. Nous démontrons comment nous pouvons reconstruire, à partir des traces numériques massives de la science, une représentation relativement précise et concise de ses structures dynamiques, qui peut être saisie par l'esprit humain et explorée de manière interactive. À cette fin, nous mobilisons l’approche systèmes complexe pour formaliser les notions de niveau et d'échelle dans le cas des dynamiques de la connaissance ; puis nous introduisons une nouvelle définition formelle des réseaux phylomemetiques, objets mathématiques qui reconstruisent les dynamiques de la connaissance. Nous proposons ensuite un nouvel algorithme de reconstruction des réseaux phylomemetiques, plus performant que ce qui avait été proposé jusqu’alors. Nous montrons également comment cette approche permet de définir naturellement un nouveau type de clustering temporel sur les graphes dynamiques. Enfin, nous montrons sur plusieurs cas d’étude que cette approche produit des représentations de la dynamique des connaissances proches de celles que l'on obtient en synthétisant des points de vue d'experts.

International audience; A brain-computer interface (BCI) based on electroencephalography (EEG) is a promising technology for enhancing virtual reality (VR) applications-in particular, for gaming. We focus on the so-called P300-BCI, a stable and accurate BCI paradigm relying on the recognition of a positive event-related potential (ERP) occurring in the EEG about 300 ms post-stimulation. We implemented a basic version of such a BCI displayed on an ordinary and affordable smartphone-based head-mounted VR device: that is, a mobile and passive VR system (with no electronic components beyond the smartphone). The mobile phone performed the stimuli presentation, EEG synchronization (tagging) and feedback display. We compared the ERPs and the accuracy of the BCI on the VR device with a traditional BCI running on a personal computer (PC). We also evaluated the impact of subjective factors on the accuracy. The study was within-subjects, with 21 participants and one session in each modality. No significant difference in BCI accuracy was found between the PC and VR systems, although the P200 ERP was significantly wider and larger in the VR system as compared to the PC system.; Les interfaces cerveau-machine (ICM) basées sur l'électroencéphalographie (EEG) constituent une technologie prometteuse pour améliorer l'expérience de réalité virtuelle (VR) - notamment en ce qui concerne les jeux vidéos. Nous nous intéressons en particulier aux ICM basées sur le P300, un paradigme précis et stable qui repose sur la reconnaissance d'un potentiel évoqué positif apparaissant dans l'EEG environ 300 ms après stimulation. Nous avons implémenté une version basique de cette BCI sur un casque de réalité virtuelle qui utilise un smartphone ordinaire et abordable - en fait, un dispositif VR mobile et passif (sans électronique embarquée à l'exception du smartphone). Le téléphone mobile était responsable de la stimulation, de la synchronisation EEG (tagging) et du retour utilisateur. Nous avons comparé les potentiels évoqués et la performance de la BCI en VR par rapport à une BCI traditionnelle sur PC. Nous avons évalué l'impact des facteurs subjectifs sur la performance. L'étude était intrasujet et comportait 21 participants exécutant chacun une session dans chaque modalité. Nous n'avons pas trouvé de différence significative entre la performance de la BCI sur PC et en VR, bien que le potentiel évoqué P200 soit significativement plus large avec le dispositif VR qu'en utilisant le PC.

Course selection is a crucial activity for students as it directly impacts their workload and performance. It is also time-consuming, prone to subjectivity, and often carried out based on incomplete information. This task can, nevertheless, be assisted with computational tools, for instance, by predicting performance based on historical data. We investigate the effects of showing grade predictions to students through an interactive visualization tool. A qualitative study suggests that in the presence of predictions, students may focus too much on maximizing their performance, to the detriment of other factors such as the workload. A follow-up quantitative study explored whether these effects are mitigated by changing how predictions are conveyed. Our observations suggest the presence of a framing effect that induces students to put more effort into course selection when faced with more specific predictions. We discuss these and other findings and outline considerations for designing better data-driven course selection tools., Comment: 17 pages

International audience; This paper contributes a first comparative study of three techniques for selecting 3D objects anchored to the table in tabletop Augmented Reality (AR). The impetus for this study is that touch interaction makes more sense when the targeted objects are anchored to the table. We experimentally compare touch and a mixed (touch+mid-air) techniques with the common direct mid-air technique. The touch and mixed techniques involve a decomposition of the 3D task into a 2D task by touch on the table followed by a 1D task by touch or mid-air interaction. Results show that: (1) The touch and mixed techniques present completion times similar to the mid-air technique and are more accurate than the mid-air technique; (2) The mixed technique defines a good compromise between accuracy of touch interaction and speed of mid-air interaction.

International audience; Current Mixed Reality (MR) Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) offer a limited Field Of View (FOV) of the mixed environment. Turning the head is thus necessary to visually perceive the virtual objects that are placed within the real world. However, turning the head also means loosing the initial visual context. This limitation is critical in contexts like augmented surgery where surgeons need to visually focus on the operative field. To address this limitation we propose to bring virtual objects/widgets back to the users' FOV instead of forcing the users to turn their head. We carry an initial investigation to demonstrate the approach by designing and evaluating three new menu techniques to first bring the menu back to the users' FOV before selecting an item. Results show that our three menu techniques are 1.5s faster on average than the baseline head-motion menu technique and are largely preferred by participants.

International audience; Target expansion techniques facilitate pointing by enlarging the effective sizes of targets. As opposed to the numerous studies on target expansion solely focusing on optimizing pointing, we study the compound task of pointing at a Point of Interest (POI) and then interacting with the POI menu in handheld Augmented Reality (AR). A POI menu in AR has a fixed position because it contains relevant information about its location in the real world. We present two techniques that make the cursor jump to the closest opened POI menu after pointing at a POI. Our experimental results show that 1) for selecting a POI the expansion techniques are 31 % faster than the baseline screen-centered crosshair pointing technique, 2) the expansion techniques with/without a jumping cursor to the closest opened POI menu offer similar performances and 3) Touch relative pointing is preferred by participants because it minimizes physical movements.

International audience; New technologies for printing sensors and actuators combine the flexibility of interface layouts of touchscreens with localized vibrotactile feedback, but their fabrication still requires industrial-grade facilities. Until these technologies become easily replicable, interaction designers need material for ideation. We propose an open-source hardware and software toolbox providing maker-grade tools for iterative design of vibrotactile widgets with industrial-grade printed sensors and actuators. Our hardware toolbox provides a mechanical structure to clamp and stretch printed sheets, and electronic boards to drive sensors and actuators. Our software toolbox expands the design space of haptic interaction techniques by reusing the wide palette of available audio processing algorithms to generate real-time vibrotactile signals. We validate our toolbox with the implementation of three exemplar interface elements with tactile feedback: buttons, sliders, touchpads.

ISBN 978-2-7535-8030-5; International audience; Historically, the various sign languages (SL) have not developed an own writing system; nevertheless, some systems exist, among which the SignWriting (SW) is a powerful and flexible one. In this paper, we present the mechanisms adopted by signers of the Italian Sign Language (LIS), expert users of SW, to modify the standard SW glyphs and increase their writing skills and/or represent peculiar linguistic phenomena. We identify these glyphs and show which characteristics make them "acceptable" by the expert community. Eventually, we analyze the potentialities of these glyphs in hand writing and in computer-assisted writing, focusing on SWift, a software designed to allow the electronic writing-down of user-modified glyphs.; Les Langues des Signes (LS) n'ont pas développé un système d'écriture historiquement déterminé ; il existe toutefois des systèmes pour les représenter, dont SignWriting (SW) est un exemple performant. Nous mettons ici en évidence la manière dont les locuteurs de la Langue des Signes Italienne (LIS), utilisateurs experts de SW, ont tendance à modifier les glyphes conventionnels de SW pour pouvoir améliorer leur capacité à représenter la forme des signes ou pour annoter des phénomènes linguistiques particuliers. Après avoir identifié ces glyphes, nous montrons les caractéristiques qui les rendent acceptables par tous nos experts. Nous analysons les possibilités d'utilisation de ces glyphes dans l'écriture manuelle et dans l'écriture informatique, en concentrant notre attention sur la réalisation de SWift, un logiciel conçu pour permettre une éventuelle modification des glyphes par les utilisateurs.; Storicamente, le varie lingue dei segni (SL) non hanno sviluppato un proprio sistema di scrittura; tuttavia, alcuni sistemi esistono, e di questi SignWriting (SW), potente e flessibile. In questo lavoro vengono studiati i meccanismi adottati dai segnanti di Lingua dei Segni Italiana (LIS), e nel contempo utenti esperti di SW, per modificare i glifi SW standard, al fine di aumentare la loro capacità di scrittura e/o per rappresentare peculiari fenomeni linguistici. Questi glifi vengono identificati, mostrando quali caratteristiche li rendono "accettabili" da parte della comunità degli esperti. Infine, si analizzano le potenzialità di questi glifi nella scrittura manuale e in quella assistita da computer, concentrandosi su SWift, un nuovo software progettato per consentire anche la scrittura elettronica di glifi modificati dall'utente.

International audience; We were approached by a group of healthcare providers who are involved in the care of chronic patients looking for potential technologies to facilitate the process of reviewing patient-generated data during clinical visits. Aiming at understanding the healthcare providers’ attitudes towards reviewing patient-generated data, we (1) conducted a focus group with a mixed group of healthcare providers. Next, to gain the patients’ perspectives, we (2) interviewed eight chronic patients, collected a sample of their data and designed a series of visualizations representing patient data we collected. Last, we (3) sought feedback on the visualization designs from healthcare providers who requested this exploration. We found four factors shaping patient-generated data: data & context, patient’s motivation, patient’s time commitment, and patient’s support circle. Informed by the results of our studies, we discussed the importance of designing patient-generated visualizations for individuals by considering both patient and healthcare provider rather than designing with the purpose of generalization and provided guidelines for designing future patient-generated data visualizations.

Historically, the various sign languages (SL) have not developed an own writing system; nevertheless, some systems exist, among which the SignWriting (SW) is a powerful and flexible one. In this paper, we present the mechanisms adopted by signers of the Italian Sign Language (LIS), expert users of SW, to modify the standard SW glyphs and increase their writing skills and/or represent peculiar linguistic phenomena. We identify these glyphs and show which characteristics make them "acceptable" by the expert community. Eventually, we analyze the potentialities of these glyphs in hand writing and in computer-assisted writing, focusing on SWift, a software designed to allow the electronic writing-down of user-modified glyphs., Comment: in French. CORELA - COgnition, REpr{\'e}sentation, LAngage, CERLICO-Cercle Linguistique du Centre et de l'Ouest (France), A para{\^i}tre

International audience; The papers presents an integrated processing of the high-resolution thematic data covering the area of the Beaufort Sea, a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean, northern Canada and Alaska. Five thematic maps of the Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean are presented. The cartographic techniques were performed by Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) scripting toolset. The methodology presents the integration of the multi-source high-resolution thematic datasets: bathymetric GEBCO, IBCAO, topographic GLOBE, sediment thickness GlobSed, EGM2008 geoid model, GMT vector layers and geophysical gravity model from CryoSat-2 and Jason-1. There is an agreement with the data by their inspection and analysis of grids correlation. The bathymetric map demonstrated variations in depths with rapidly decreasing values in the Mackenzie River coasts, depicting the basin of the Beaufort Sea, large shelf in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and western part bordering the Chukchi Sea. The GDAL inspection shows that the GEBCO-based topography ranges between -3,973 m to 2,578 m. Gravity data shows that coastal areas in northern Canada and Alaska have values >20 mGal while the basin of the Beaufort Sea is dominated by the lower values at -65 to -45 mGal; the data range is from -155.097 to 366.939 mGal. The marine free-air gravity fields and geoid data demonstrate correlation with topographic isolines of the region. The data range for the sediment thickness is from 0.00 to 18064.53 m having maximal data at the Mackenzie River discharge area. A comprehensive compilation of the data on the Beaufort Sea visualized using GMT presents more insights into its bathymetric structure and geophysical fields distribution in context of the variability of the geological settings.

International audience; Jacques Bertin's legacy extends beyond the domain of cartography, and in particular to the field of information visualization where he continues to inspire researchers and practitioners. Although in the late 20 st century his books were out of print, their re-edition around 2010 has steered a renewed interest and inspired new generations of researchers to re-interpret the principles of Semiology of Graphics and La Graphique in a time of interactive computers. In particular, the work of Jacques Bertin on the reorderable matrix has been very challenging in his time, and the quest to its automation has not been satisfactory to him. This article summarizes Bertin's approach to the reorderable matrix, underlines the limitations of fully automated reordering methods, and introduces Bertifier, a hybrid system to reorder matrices using a combination of machine assistance and human control.

International audience; A bipartite graph is a powerful abstraction for modeling relationships between two collections. Visualizations of bipartite graphs allow users to understand the mutual relationships between the elements in the two collections, e.g., by identifying clusters of similarly connected elements. However, commonly-used visual representations do not scale for the analysis of large bipartite graphs containing tens of millions of vertices, often resorting to an a-priori clustering of the sets. To address this issue, we present the Who’s-Active-On-What-Visualization (WAOW-Vis) that allows for multiscale exploration of a bipartite social-network without imposing an a-priori clustering. To this end, we propose to treat a bipartite graph as a high-dimensional space and we create the WAOW-Vis adapting the multiscale dimensionality-reduction technique HSNE. The application of HSNE for bipartite graph requires several modifications that form the contributions of this work. Given the nature of the problem, a set-based similarity is proposed. For efficient and scalable computations, we use compressed bitmaps to represent sets and we present a novel space partitioning tree to efficiently compute similarities; the Sets Intersection Tree. Finally, we validate WAOW-Vis on several datasets connecting Twitter-users and -streams in different domains: news, computer science and politics. We show how WAOW-Vis is particularly effective in identifying hierarchies of communities among social-media users.

International audience; Wall-displays allow multiple users to simultaneously view and analyze large amounts of information, such as the increasingly complex graphs present in domains like biology or social network analysis. We focus on how pairs explore graphs on a touch enabled wall-display using two techniques, both adapted for collaboration: a basic localized selection, and a propagation selection technique that uses the idea of diffusion/transmission from an origin node. We assess in a controlled experiment the impact of selection technique on a shortest path identification task. Pairs consistently divided space even if the task is not spatially divisible, and for the basic selection technique that has a localized visual effect, it led to parallel work that negatively impacted accuracy. The large visual footprint of the propagation technique led to close coordination, improving speed and accuracy for complex graphs only. We then observed the use of propagation on additional graph topology tasks, confirming pair strategies on spatial division and coordination.

My work is part of a unique and complex problem of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI): to design innovative interactive systems to help users. An interactive system must offer services that are useful and usable for humans. The challenge is to take into account the variability of the users and the context. To achieve this, I have adopted a user-centered methodology that promotes teamwork. The compromise is to define a device suitable to the context and to propose an interaction language that makes the best use of the device's capabilities. My field of action covers both information capture (i.e. input interaction techniques), and information presentation (i.e. output interaction techniques). This document presents the three main axes that I studied where variability was a major factor: haptic interaction techniques (PICOB, Tactons) for visually impaired users; text input (WeSlide keyboard) for two specific audiences (children and elderly); interactions with smartglasses in the field of Health for doctors (K-Fisheye, Pointing Techniques and TEXTile). This work allowed me to open several perspectives of researches in the design of adaptive interfaces (GICA project) or the field of Health (AphaTEC, THERAPEUTIC, CROISADE, and Techno'Guide projects). In conclusion, this document presents all the activities (teaching, administrative and research ones) allowing me to have the skills to supervise research., Mes travaux s’inscrivent dans une problématique à la fois unique et complexe de l’interaction Humain-Machine (IHM) : concevoir des systèmes interactifs innovants pour aider les utilisateurs. Un système interactif doit proposer des services utiles et utilisables pour l’humain. Le challenge est de tenir compte de la variabilité des utilisateurs et du contexte. Pour y parvenir, j’ai adopté une méthodologie centrée sur les utilisateurs en favorisant un travail en équipe. Le compromis est de définir en fonction du contexte le dispositif à utiliser, de proposer un langage d’interaction qui exploite au mieux les capacités du dispositif. Mon champ d’action est à la fois sur la saisie des informations i.e. les techniques d’interaction en entrée et la présentation des informations i.e. les techniques d’interaction en sortie. Ce mémoire présente les trois axes majeurs que j’ai pu explorer où la variabilité était un facteur prépondérant : des techniques d’interaction haptiques (PICOB, Tactons) pour des utilisateurs déficients visuels ; l’entrée de texte (clavier WeSlide) pour deux publics spécifiques (des enfants et des personnes âgées) ; l’interaction dans le domaine de la Santé à usage des médecins avec des lunettes électroniques (K-Fisheye, Techniques de pointage et TEXTile). Ces travaux m’ont permis d’ouvrir plusieurs pistes de recherches dans la conception d’interfaces adaptatives (projet GICA) ou le domaine de la Santé (projets AphaTEC, THERAPEUTIC, CROISADE et Techno’Guide). Pour conclure, ce mémoire présente les activités menées au cours de ma carrière (pédagogiques, administratives et de recherche) me permettant d’avoir les compétences pour présenter mon habilitation à diriger les recherches.

International audience; This paper presents an approach ensuring mutual awareness among airliner pilots using touch-based interactions. Indeed, touchscreens are making their way into cockpits, but touch-based gestures are less performative than gestures on physical controls, and they are limited in aircraft for efficiency and safety reasons. To support a safer perception by the other pilot, we propose to supplement the perception of performed gestures with graphical representations. Our hypothesis is that representing the effect of gestures is more relevant than representing gestures themselves. We introduce our design choices to build the representations for mutual awareness based on an analysis of the activity and graphical semiology. We report results gathered from walkthroughs of the designs with airliner pilots. These results confirm that representing the effects of gestures is an efficient means for mutual awareness. Our work shows how pilots understand the effect of gesture both as a result and as an impression.

International audience; Abstract The balance quality tester (BQT) is a device for remote assessment of balance quality for older people at risk of falling. To ensure its usefulness for long-term home monitoring, two issues are at stake: ease-of-use on a regular basis and trust in the validity of the data acquisition. Using a Human-centred and Participatory Design approach, the BQT has been redesigned so as to fit the users' needs.; Le Balance Quality Tester (BQT) est un pèse-personne connecté permettant l'évaluation à distance de la qualité de l'équilibre pour les personnes âgées à risque de chute. Afin qu'il soit réellement utile dans le suivi à long-terme à domicile, deux critères essentiels sont : la facilité d'utilisation régulière et la confiance dans la validité de l'acquisition des données. En utilisant une approche de conception participative et centrée sur l'humain, le BQT a été repensé de manière à répondre aux besoins des usagers.

Healthcare simulators are considered as interactive and playful learning environments offering many training opportunities. Medical students wish to train with virtual simulators for a few years to prepare their encounter with real patients. The integration of virtual agents endowed with emotions promotes exchanges and interactions, and provokes emotional reactions in the learner. This leads to emotional involvement and facilitates learning and memorization. We will focus our research on the impact of expressive virtual humans on the user experience, and more especially on the induction of empathy in learners., Les simulateurs en santé sont des environnements d’apprentissage offrant de nombreuses possibilités de formation. Les étudiants en médecine ont fait savoir leur souhait de s’entraîner avec des simulateurs et des agents virtuels, afin de pouvoir s’exercer et préparer au mieux leur rencontre avec de vrais patients.L’intégration d’humains virtuels dotés d’émotions favorise les échanges et les interactions, et provoque des réactions émotionnelles chez l’apprenant. Cela aboutit à une implication émotionnelle qui facilite l’apprentissage et la mémorisation. À partir de ces éléments, nous allons porter nos recherches sur l'impact des humains virtuels expressifs sur l’expérience utilisateur, et plus précisément sur l’induction d’empathie chez l’apprenant.

International audience; Physical inactivity has been identified as one of the leading risk factors for noncommunicable diseases (e.g. cancers, cardiovascular problems, strokes, etc.). Daily activity levels have dicreased by more than 80 % in the last century, hereby leading to major implications for the prevalence ofnoncommunicable diseases. With the popularisation of connected objects and activity trackers, daily monitoring and quantified self have become nearly common for an individual. A personalised health education using personal data hence becomes feasible, with optimisation and adherence as objectives. But how to use those data in order to offer physical activities adapted to an individual’s lifestyle and to the environmental context in order to help him regaining control of his health management ?; L’inactivité physique représente aujourd’hui un des facteurs de risque principaux d’apparition de maladies nontransmissible comme les cancers, les problèmes cardiovasculaires, les AVC, etc. Le nombre d’heures d’activité quotidienne a diminué de plus de 80 % en un siècle, propulsant les maladies non-transmissibles au rang de première cause de mortalité dans le monde. Avec la démocratisation des objets connectés et des traqueurs d’activité, il est presque devenu trivial de mesurer quotidiennement le niveau d’activité d’un individu. Une éducation pour la santé personnalisée devient alors possible en s’appuyant sur ses données personnelles, avec un objectif d’optimisation et d’adhésion. Mais comment utiliser ces données afin de lui proposer des activités physiques adaptées à son style de vie ainsi qu’au contexte environnemental pour l’aider à reprendre en main la gestion de sa santé ?

International audience; Participatif, inclusif et accessible sont les 3 caractéristiques principales du projet SmartArt. Co-conçu avec des personnes déficientes visuelles, ce projet d’exposition muséale multisensorielle a pour objectif l’inclusion de tout public dans une recherche d’accessibilité. Le travail de recherche effectué pour comprendre la manière dont les oeuvres d’art peuvent être appréciées en utilisant les cinq sens, et en particulier le toucher et l’ouïe, a mené à la réalisation d’une exposition inclusive qui a eu lieu de juin à septembre 2018 au Musée de l’Ardenne. Cet article présente un résumé des insights dégagés par le projet.

International audience

Layout and typography are critical to the effectiveness of high-level reading strategies. How to make them technically, psychologically and cognitively perceptible to the blind? The Tagthunder project aims to make possible the autonomous development of effective non-visual strategies for transposing the visual structure of documents into sound; in particular, on the Web which complicates and multiplies the visual contrasts inaccessible to this population of users., La mise page et la typographie sont déterminantes pour l'efficacité des stratégies de lecture de haut niveau. Comment les rendre techniquement, psychologiquement et cognitivement perceptibles aux non-voyants ? Le projet Tagthunder vise à rendre possible le développement autonome de stratégies non visuelles efficaces pour transposer la structure visuelle des documents vers la modalité sonore ; en particulier sur le Web qui complexifie et multiplie les contrastes visuels inaccessibles à cette population d'usagers.

International audience; Multiclass maps are scatterplots, multidimensional projections, or thematic geographic maps where data points have a categorical attribute in addition to two quantitative attributes. This categorical attribute is often rendered using shape or color, which does not scale when overplotting occurs. When the number of data points increases, multiclass maps must resort to data aggregation to remain readable. We present multiclass density maps: multiple 2D histograms computed for each of the category values. Multiclass density maps are meant as a building block to improve the expressiveness and scalability of multiclass map visualization. In this article, we first present a short survey of aggregated multiclass maps, mainly from cartography. We then introduce a declarative model—a simple yet expressive JSON grammar associated with visual semantics—that specifies a wide design space of visualizations for multiclass density maps. Our declarative model is expressive and can be efficiently implemented in visualization front-ends such as modern web browsers. Furthermore, it can be reconfigured dynamically to support data exploration tasks without recomputing the raw data. Finally, we demonstrate how our model can be used to reproduce examples from the past and support exploring data at scale.

The SignWriting improved fast transcriber (SWift), presented in this paper, is an advanced editor for computer-aided writing and transcribing of any Sign Language (SL) using SignWriting (SW). The application is an editor which allows composing and saving desired signs using the SW elementary components, called "glyphs". These make up a sort of alphabet, which does not depend on the national Sign Language and which codes the basic components of any sign. The user is guided through a fully-automated procedure, making the composition process fast and intuitive. SWift pursues the goal of helping to break down the "electronic barriers" that keep deaf people away from the web, and at the same time to support linguistic research about Sign Languages features. For this reason it has been designed with a special attention to deaf user needs, and to general usability issues. The editor has been developed in a modular way, so it can be integrated everywhere the use of SW as an alternative to written "verbal" language may be advisable., Comment: CITATION INDEX

Submitted for the Workshop on HCI Outdoors: Understanding Human-Computer Interaction in the Outdoors at CHI 2018, April 21, 2018, Montréal, Canada

International audience; Many digital humanity use cases require the analysis of relationships between entities (e.g. people or countries). The analysis of those relationships is particularly difficult when these relations change over time. A common representations of such relations is through graphs, which connect pairs of entities. However, in the real world relationships are often more complex and can be better described using hypergraphs (where edges can connect more than two entities). In this paper, we present a digital humanity case study of the analysis of people mentioned in 16th and 17th Century legal documents, modeled as a dynamic hypergraph. We use a new representation called Parallel Aggregated Ordered Hypergraph. Our prototype implementation of Parallel Aggregated Ordered Hypergraph, and the benefits of the PAOH representation are discussed.

We present PANENE, a progressive algorithm for approximate nearest neighbor indexing and querying. Although the use of k -nearest neighbor (KNN) libraries is common in many data analysis methods, most KNN algorithms can only be queried when the whole dataset has been indexed, i.e., they are not online . Even the few online implementations are not progressive in the sense that the time to index incoming data is not bounded and cannot satisfy the latency requirements of progressive systems. This long latency has significantly limited the use of many machine learning methods, such as $t$ t -SNE, in interactive visual analytics. PANENE is a novel algorithm for Progressive Approximate $k$ k -NEarest NEighbors, enabling fast KNN queries while continuously indexing new batches of data. Following the progressive computation paradigm, PANENE operations can be bounded in time, allowing analysts to access running results within an interactive latency. PANENE can also incrementally build and maintain a cache data structure, a KNN lookup table, to enable constant-time lookups for KNN queries. Finally, we present three progressive applications of PANENE, such as regression, density estimation, and responsive $t$ t -SNE, opening up new opportunities to use complex algorithms in interactive systems.

This article proposes a state-of-the-art on communication support systems that can be used by users with Athetoid Cerebral Palsy. Today, many communication support systems are available on the market and/or presented in the literature.They include (1) virtual keyboards, (2) software using pictograms, (3) speech recognition, and (4) other types of input systems dedicated to physically disabled users (brain-computer interface and physical aids). After the description of these four categories of communication support systems, this article ends with a synthesis in which our view of each category of system in relation to the considered user profile is provided. Cet article propose un état de l'art des systèmes d'aide à la communication utilisables par des utilisateurs de profil Infirme Moteur Cérébral (IMC) athétosique.De nos jours, de nombreuses aides à la communication sont proposées sur le marché et/ou présentées dans la littérature. Ces aides rassemblent (1) les claviers virtuels, (2) les logiciels exploitant des pictogrammes, (3) la reconnaissance vocale et (4) les autres types de systèmes de saisie dédiées aux personnes handicapées physiques (interface cerveau-ordinateur et aides physiques). Après la description successive de ces quatre catégories d’aide, cet article se termine par une synthèse dans laquelle notre point de vue sur chaque catégorie de système relativement au profil visé, est fourni.

This article proposes a state-of-the-art on communication support systems that can be used by users with Athetoid Cerebral Palsy. Today, many communication support systems are available on the market and/or presented in the literature.They include (1) virtual keyboards, (2) software using pictograms, (3) speech recognition, and (4) other types of input systems dedicated to physically disabled users (brain-computer interface and physical aids). After the description of these four categories of communication support systems, this article ends with a synthesis in which our view of each category of system in relation to the considered user profile is provided., Cet article propose un état de l'art des systèmes d'aide à la communication utilisables par des utilisateurs de profil Infirme Moteur Cérébral (IMC) athétosique.De nos jours, de nombreuses aides à la communication sont proposées sur le marché et/ou présentées dans la littérature. Ces aides rassemblent (1) les claviers virtuels, (2) les logiciels exploitant des pictogrammes, (3) la reconnaissance vocale et (4) les autres types de systèmes de saisie dédiées aux personnes handicapées physiques (interface cerveau-ordinateur et aides physiques). Après la description successive de ces quatre catégories d’aide, cet article se termine par une synthèse dans laquelle notre point de vue sur chaque catégorie de système relativement au profil visé, est fourni.

International audience; End-to-end latency corresponds to the temporal difference between a user input and the corresponding output from a system. It has been shown to degrade user performance in both direct and indirect interaction. If it can be reduced to some extend, latency can also be compensated through software compensation by trying to predict the future position of the cursor based on previous positions, velocities and accelerations. In this paper, we propose a hybrid hardware and software prediction technique specifically designed for partially compensating end-to-end latency in indirect pointing. We combine a computer mouse with a high frequency accelerometer to predict the future location of the pointer using Euler based equations. Our prediction method results in more accurate prediction than previously introduced prediction algorithms for direct touch. A controlled experiment also revealed that it can improve target acquisition time in pointing tasks.

International audience; Text selection on touch devices can be a difficult task for users. Letters and words are often too small to select directly , and the enhanced interaction techniques provided by the OS – magnifiers, selection handles, and methods for selecting at the character, word, or sentence level – often lead to as many usability problems as they solve. The introduction of force-sensitive touchscreens has added another enhancement to text selection (using force for different selection modes); however, these modes are difficult to discover and many users continue to struggle with accurate selection. In this paper we report on an investigation of the design of touch-based and force-based text selection mechanisms, and describe two novel text-selection techniques that provide improved discov-erability, enhanced visual feedback, and a higher performance ceiling for experienced users. Two evaluations show that one design successfully combined support for novices and experts , was never worse than the standard iOS technique, and was preferred by participants.

International audience; Parallelism is one of the key performance sources in modern computer systems. When heuristics-based automatic parallelization fails to improve performance, a cumbersome and error-prone manual transformation is often required. As a solution, we propose an interactive visual approach building on the polyhedral model that visualizes exact dependences and parallelism; decomposes and replays a complex automatically-computedtransformation step by step; and allows for directly manipulating the visual representation as a means of transforming the program with immediate feedback. User studies suggest that our visualization is understood by experts and non-experts alike, and that it may favor an exploratory approach.

Data physicalizations are growing popular in many societal domains which indicates a strong potential for fostering public engagement thanks to public exhibition (e.g. in train stations, in airports, on roundabouts, and in enterprises). We focus on dynamic physical charts for visualizing renewable energy forecasts in public spaces. To get charts readable from any point of view around, we propose a physical ring chart inspired by stone cairns. To build this physical chart, we designed an expandable and stackable illuminated ring. In this paper, we describe the design process and the limitations of the first prototype of such a ring.Maxime Daniel, Guillaume Rivière, Nadine Couture. Designing an Expandable Illuminated Ring to Build an Actuated Ring Chart. Twelfth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded and Embodied Interactions (TEI'18), Mar 2018, Stockholm, Sweden. 〈hal-01668076〉

SCOPUS - ISI?; International audience; One of the continuing challenges of Human Computer Interaction research is the full inclusion of people with special needs into the digital world. In particular, this crucial category includes people that experiences some kind of limitation in exploiting traditional information communication channels. One immediately thinks about blind people, and several researches aim at addressing their needs. On the contrary, limitations suffered by deaf people are often underestimated. This often the result of a kind of ignorance or misunderstanding of the real nature of their communication difficulties. This chapter aims at both increasing the awareness of deaf problems in the digital world, and at proposing the project of a comprehensive solution for their better inclusion. As for the former goal, we will provide a bird’s-eye presentation of history and evolution of understanding of deafness issues, and of strategies to address them. As for the latter, we will present the design, implementation and evaluation of the first nucleus of a comprehensive digital framework to facilitate the access of deaf people into the digital world.; Un des défis encore ouverts de la recherche sur l’interaction homme-machine est la pleine intégration des personnes à besoins spécifiques dans le monde numérique. En particulier, cette catégorie comprend les personnes que ont des limitations à exploiter les canaux traditionnels de communication de l'information. On pense immédiatement aux aveugles, et en effet plusieurs recherches visent à répondre à leurs besoins. Au contraire, les limitations subies par les personnes sourdes sont souvent sous-estimés; cela dépend souvent d’une sorte d'ignorance ou d'incompréhension de la véritable nature de leurs difficultés de communication. Ce chapitre vise à la fois à augmenter la prise de conscience des problèmes de sourds dans le monde numérique et à proposer un projet global pour améliorer leur intégration. En réponse au premier objectif, nous allons fournir une présentation rapide de l'histoire et de l'évolution de la compréhension des problèmes liés à la surdité, et des stratégies pour y faire face. Quant au deuxième, nous présentons la conception, la mise en œuvre et l'évaluation du premier noyau d'un ensemble digitale complet né pour faciliter l'accès au monde numérique des personnes sourdes.; Una delle sfide di ricerca ancora aperte nell’ambito della interazione uomo-computer è la completa integrazione delle persone con bisogni speciali nel mondo digitale. In particolare, questa categoria cruciale include persone che provano qualche tipo di limitazione nello sfruttamento dei canali tradizionali di comunicazione delle informazioni. Vengono subito in mente i non-vedenti, ed infatti parecchi studi mirano a fronteggiare le loro esigenze. Al contrario, le limitazioni sofferte dalle persone sorde sono spesso sottovalutate; questo dipende spesso da una sorta di ignoranza o incomprensione della vera natura delle loro difficoltà di comunicazione. Questo capitolo si propone sia di aumentare la consapevolezza dei problemi dei sordi nel mondo digitale, sia di offrire il progetto globale volto a migliorare la loro integrazione. Per quanto riguarda il primo obiettivo, esso fornirà uno sguardo alla storia ed alla evoluzione della comprensione delle questioni legate alla sordità, e delle strategie per affrontarle. Per quanto riguarda il secondo aspetto, verrà presentata la progettazione, attuazione e valutazione del primo nucleo di un contesto digitale completo nato per facilitare l'accesso delle persone sorde al mondo digitale.

International audience; Visual data analysis is a key tool for helping people to make sense of and interact with massive data sets. However, existing evaluation methods (e.g., database benchmarks, individual user studies) fail to capture the key points that make systems for visual data analysis (or visual data systems) challenging to design. In November 2017, members of both the Database and Visualization communities came together in a Dagstuhl seminar to discuss the grand challenges in the intersection of data analysis and interactive visualization. In this paper, we report on the discussions of the working group on the evaluation of visual data systems, which addressed questions centered around developing better evaluation methods, such as " How do the different communities evaluate visual data systems? " and " What we could learn from each other to develop evaluation techniques that cut across areas? ". In their discussions, the group brainstormed initial steps towards new joint evaluation methods and developed a first concrete initiative — a trace repository of various real-world workloads and visual data systems — that enables researchers to derive evaluation setups (e.g., performance benchmarks, user studies) under more realistic assumptions, and enables new evaluation perspectives (e.g., broader meta analysis across analysis contexts, reproducibility and comparability across systems).

SCOPUS - ISI?; International audience; One of the continuing challenges of Human Computer Interaction research is the full inclusion of people with special needs into the digital world. In particular, this crucial category includes people that experiences some kind of limitation in exploiting traditional information communication channels. One immediately thinks about blind people, and several researches aim at addressing their needs. On the contrary, limitations suffered by deaf people are often underestimated. This often the result of a kind of ignorance or misunderstanding of the real nature of their communication difficulties. This chapter aims at both increasing the awareness of deaf problems in the digital world, and at proposing the project of a comprehensive solution for their better inclusion. As for the former goal, we will provide a bird’s-eye presentation of history and evolution of understanding of deafness issues, and of strategies to address them. As for the latter, we will present the design, implementation and evaluation of the first nucleus of a comprehensive digital framework to facilitate the access of deaf people into the digital world.; Un des défis encore ouverts de la recherche sur l’interaction homme-machine est la pleine intégration des personnes à besoins spécifiques dans le monde numérique. En particulier, cette catégorie comprend les personnes que ont des limitations à exploiter les canaux traditionnels de communication de l'information. On pense immédiatement aux aveugles, et en effet plusieurs recherches visent à répondre à leurs besoins. Au contraire, les limitations subies par les personnes sourdes sont souvent sous-estimés; cela dépend souvent d’une sorte d'ignorance ou d'incompréhension de la véritable nature de leurs difficultés de communication. Ce chapitre vise à la fois à augmenter la prise de conscience des problèmes de sourds dans le monde numérique et à proposer un projet global pour améliorer leur intégration. En réponse au premier objectif, nous allons fournir une présentation rapide de l'histoire et de l'évolution de la compréhension des problèmes liés à la surdité, et des stratégies pour y faire face. Quant au deuxième, nous présentons la conception, la mise en œuvre et l'évaluation du premier noyau d'un ensemble digitale complet né pour faciliter l'accès au monde numérique des personnes sourdes.; Una delle sfide di ricerca ancora aperte nell’ambito della interazione uomo-computer è la completa integrazione delle persone con bisogni speciali nel mondo digitale. In particolare, questa categoria cruciale include persone che provano qualche tipo di limitazione nello sfruttamento dei canali tradizionali di comunicazione delle informazioni. Vengono subito in mente i non-vedenti, ed infatti parecchi studi mirano a fronteggiare le loro esigenze. Al contrario, le limitazioni sofferte dalle persone sorde sono spesso sottovalutate; questo dipende spesso da una sorta di ignoranza o incomprensione della vera natura delle loro difficoltà di comunicazione. Questo capitolo si propone sia di aumentare la consapevolezza dei problemi dei sordi nel mondo digitale, sia di offrire il progetto globale volto a migliorare la loro integrazione. Per quanto riguarda il primo obiettivo, esso fornirà uno sguardo alla storia ed alla evoluzione della comprensione delle questioni legate alla sordità, e delle strategie per affrontarle. Per quanto riguarda il secondo aspetto, verrà presentata la progettazione, attuazione e valutazione del primo nucleo di un contesto digitale completo nato per facilitare l'accesso delle persone sorde al mondo digitale.

Honorable Mention Award; International audience; While popular digital maps support an unprecedented number of use cases, new reference map customization tools have been created for purposes for which those maps fall short. With the goal of informing the design of this new class of cartographic tools, we present the first study of naturalistic (" bespoke ") map customization behavior. Through a mixed methods and mixed-media approach involving a survey, the analysis of a corpus of customized maps, and an interview with a power user, we find that bespoke map customization is a relatively common activity and identify frequent use cases as well as map customization strategies. We discuss these use cases and strategies in detail, and propose design implications for future customization tools, such as the use of templates for common use cases, adaptability for various customization styles and the support of multimedia interaction.

International audience

We introduce Codestrates, a literate computing approach to developing interactive software. Codestrates blurs the distinction between the use and development of applications. It builds on the literate computing approach, commonly found in interactive notebooks such as Jupyter notebook. Literate computing weaves together prose and live computation in the same document. However, literate computing in interactive notebooks are limited to computation and it is challenging to extend their user interface, reprogram their functionality, or develop stand-alone applications. Codestrates builds literate computing capabilities on top of Webstrates and demonstrates how it can be used for (i) collaborative interactive notebooks, (ii) extending its functionality from within itself, and (iii) developing reprogrammable applications.

International audience; We present a pressure-augmented tactile interaction technique to improve 3D object/view manipulation tasks on mobile devices. Existing tactile techniques for mobile data exploration either make use of up to four fingers to control all the needed degrees of freedom (DOF) for 3D manipulation or simultaneously adjust multiple DOF together to reduce the number of fingers needed for interaction. Yet the small display size of mobile devices limits the number of fingers that should simultaneously be used. Controlling each DOF for 3D data exploration separately, however, gives users more control. We address this contradiction by combining tactile and pressure input. We thus use pressure to intuitively switch between different tactile interaction modes. In this extended abstract we describe our interaction design as well as our rationale for the input mappings.

National audience; The research team Neurosys wants to develop a protocol of motor rehabilitation of stroke patients usingthe grasping movement. An novel approach was considered by amplifying neurophysiological events interveningwithin the sensorimotor loop. Thus, Neurosys developed its own kinesthetic motor imagerybrain-computer interface. The use of these imageries and such interfaces are complex. That’s why the teamdeveloped a gamied virtual environment within the BCI and a new way of learning kinesthetic motorimagery, whose association was nicknamed GRASP’IT. The problem was therefore to discover new waysof enhancing GRASP’IT, in order to approach the desired rehabilitation protocol. My role was to carry outa bibliographic study to discuss the design of such a rehabilitation therapy and to support the GRASP’ITsystem already in place. Thereafter, two areas of improvement emerged. First, I had to recast the system tobe able to validate it technically and experimentally. I successfully recast it, as it was technically validatedduring a demonstration for IHM 2017. Moreover, the rst trends emerging from my experiments was veryencouraging. Second, I had to design a bottle integrating a haptic feedback : it beneted GRASP’IT andallowed the team to draw near this rehab. The prototyping of this bottle was also very promising becauseits theoretical realization was validated by my peers, including its integration within the BCI. If the resultsfrom GRASP’IT and this bottle are in line with the team’s expectations, Neurosys would position itself asa pioneering team in the learning of kinesthetic motor imageries. Dierent opportunities could occur andlead the team to the motor rehabilitation protocol that it wishes to put in place.; L’équipe de recherche Neurosys souhaite développer un protocole de rééducation motrice, autour du mouvementde préhension de la main, pour des personnes ayant subi une attaque cérébrale. Elle adopte uneapproche novatrice en cherchant à amplier des phénomènes neurophysiologiques intervenant au seinde la boucle sensorimotrice. Elle développe alors sa propre interface cerveau-ordinateur qui se fonde surles imaginations motrices kinesthésiques. L’utilisation de ces imaginations et ces interfaces est cependantcomplexe. Elle a alors développé un environnement virtuel ludié au sein de son interface et un protocoled’apprentissage individualisé de ces imaginations, dont l’association est baptisée GRASP’IT. La problé-matique consistait donc à découvrir de nouvelles voies de développement de GRASP’IT, an d’approcherce protocole de rééducation souhaité. Mon rôle consistait alors à réaliser une étude bibliographique pouraborder la conception d’une telle thérapie rééducative et étayer le système GRASP’IT déjà mis en place.Par la suite, deux axes d’amélioration se sont alors dessinés. Je devais alors eectuer une refonte de cesystème pour pouvoir le valider techniquement et expérimentalement. J’ai ainsi eectué une refonte dece système avec succès, puisqu’elle a été validée techniquement lors d’une démonstration pour IHM 2017.Par ailleurs, les premières tendances issues de mes expérimentations sont très encourageantes. Je devaisensuite concevoir une gourde à retour haptique : elle devait alors s’intégrer dans GRASP’IT an de le renforceret de s’approcher de cette rééducation. Le prototypage de cette gourde est également en très bonnevoie puisque sa réalisation théorique a été validée par mes pairs, ainsi que son intégration dont la solutiondoit maintenant être mise en place. Si les résultats issus de GRASP’IT et de cette gourde sont conformesaux espérances de l’équipe, elle se positionnerait comme une équipe pionnière dans l’apprentissage desimaginations motrices kinesthésiques. Diérentes opportunités pourraient alors se présenter à elle et lamener vers ce protocole de rééducation qu’elle désire mettre en place.

TEC - Travaux en Cours; International audience; We present Landscape, a new visualization for representing energy consumption designed for non- expert users into their households. We identified 3 reasons which would explain their lack of interest: Complexity of the energy units, specifics domestic behaviors, unsuitable visualizations for non-expert users. We designed an app inspired by Postcards metaphor. Landscape represents synthetized and aesthetics dataset. This article introduces indicators design, metaphorical work and graphical representations.; Nous présentons Paysage, une représentation de données de consommation d'énergie adaptée pour les usagers non experts dans le contexte domestique. Nous avons identifié trois causes de désintérêt : la complexité des unités énergétiques, la spécificité des comportements dans le contexte domestique, des représentations inadaptées aux non-experts. Nous avons conçu et implémenté une application différente des visualisations classiques. Inspirée par l'analogie des cartes postales, Paysage représente des indicateurs clés de consommation de façon esthétique et synthétique. Ce poster présente la conception de ces indicateurs de consommation, la métaphore de la carte postale pour les illustrer et leurs représentations graphiques.

TEC - Travaux en Cours; International audience; We present Landscape, a new visualization for representing energy consumption designed for non- expert users into their households. We identified 3 reasons which would explain their lack of interest: Complexity of the energy units, specifics domestic behaviors, unsuitable visualizations for non-expert users. We designed an app inspired by Postcards metaphor. Landscape represents synthetized and aesthetics dataset. This article introduces indicators design, metaphorical work and graphical representations.; Nous présentons Paysage, une représentation de données de consommation d'énergie adaptée pour les usagers non experts dans le contexte domestique. Nous avons identifié trois causes de désintérêt : la complexité des unités énergétiques, la spécificité des comportements dans le contexte domestique, des représentations inadaptées aux non-experts. Nous avons conçu et implémenté une application différente des visualisations classiques. Inspirée par l'analogie des cartes postales, Paysage représente des indicateurs clés de consommation de façon esthétique et synthétique. Ce poster présente la conception de ces indicateurs de consommation, la métaphore de la carte postale pour les illustrer et leurs représentations graphiques.

The goal of this Ph.D. is to propose a new category of interactive techniques based on methods that augment the human memory to allow, through gestural interaction, easy and fast access to a large set of commands or data items. This project has two contributions : 1) to improve the understanding of phenomenons involved in learning gestures and memorizing commands ; 2) to propose new gestural interaction techniques helping memorization by taking advantage of previous results and knowledge of mnemonic methods., L’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer une nouvelle catégorie de techniques interactives reposant sur des méthodes d’augmentation de la mémoire humaine a n de permettre, via des interactions ges- tuelles, d’accéder facilement et instantanément à un large ensemble de commandes ou de données. Ce projet comporte deux contri- butions : 1) améliorer la compréhension de certains phénomènes entrant en jeu dans l’apprentissage de gestes et la mémorisation de commandes ; 2) proposer de nouvelles techniques d’interaction gestuelle facilitant la mémorisation en s’appuyant sur les résultats précédents et certaines connaissances issues des méthodes mnémo- techniques.

International audience; The study described in this paper highlighted the participatory design process (PD) in the context of asthma e-learning. First, we described global process to design this tool named KidBreath. Second, we evaluated in two Year 4 classes its efficacy in a motivation way, usability, disease knowledge and interests of children by their system. Results showed, in acceptance with behaviors, high level of intrinsic motivation when using KidBreath, usability and enjoyment of edutainment activities. This pilot study tends to confirm to continue with this approach with asthma kids at home.; L'étude décrite dans cet article met en exergue l'intérêt d'une approche de conception participative (CP) dans le cadre d'un apprentissage en ligne sur l'asthme pour les enfants. Après avoir décrit l'ensemble de la démarche pour la conception de cet e-learning nommé KidBreath, nous évaluons dans 2 classes de CE2 son efficacité au niveau motivationnel, utilisabilité, connaissance sur la maladie et émergence de l'intérêt que les enfants y portent à travers la curiosité qui en émerge. Les résultats, probants aux comportements observés, montrent un haut niveau de motivation intrinsèque pour utiliser l'outil, un fort taux d'utilisabilité et une grande satisfaction des activités ludo-éducatives. Cette étude pilote nous confirme de continuer dans cette approche en testant le système notamment auprès des enfants asthmatiques sur du moyen terme.