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83 results on '"ACEEE"'

1. Audiovisual Speech Scene Analysis in the Context of Competing Sources

Author: Attigodu Chandrashekara Ganesh, Jean-Luc Schwartz, Frédéric Berthommier, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and European Project: 339152,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,SPEECH UNIT(E)S(2014)
Subjects: Scene analysis, Auditory scene analysis, Speech perception, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Speech recognition, scene analysis, Stimulus (physiology), Cocktail party effect, seniors, Index Terms: audiovisual fusion, attention, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Perception, McGurk effect, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Audiovisual speech, Cognitive psychology, media_common
Abstract: International audience; Audiovisual fusion in speech perception is generally conceived as a process independent from scene analysis, which is supposed to occur separately in the auditory and visual domain. On the contrary, we have been proposing in the last years that scene analysis such as what takes place in the cocktail party effect was an audiovisual process. We review here a series of experiments illustrating how audiovisual speech scene analysis occurs in the context of competing sources. Indeed, we show that a short contextual audiovisual stimulus made of competing auditory and visual sources modifies the perception of a following McGurk target. We interpret this in terms of binding, unbinding and rebinding processes, and we show how these processes depend on audiovisual correlations in time, attentional processes and differences between junior and senior participants.
Published: 2016

2. Theoretical and experimental investigation of optically spin-injected VECSEL

Author: Alexandre Joly, Isabelle Sagnes, Ghaya Baili, Daniel Dolfi, Jean-Marie George, Frougier Julien, Mehdi Alouini, TRT Thales Reasearch & Technology, THALES, Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-THALES, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire de photonique et de nanostructures (LPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), THALES [France], THALES [France]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Quantum well lasers, Amplified spontaneous emission, Materials science, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Spin dynamics, VECSEL, Elliptical polarization, Surface emitting lasers, 01 natural sciences, Optical pumping, Laser dynamics, Optics, Tunnel junctions, Polarization, 0103 physical sciences, Birefringence measurements, Laser polarization, 010306 general physics, Semiconductor quantum wells, Circular polarization, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Birefringence, Polarization rotator, business.industry, Linear polarization, Spin injection, Nanoelectronics, Laser optics, Circular polarization state, Semiconducting indium compounds, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Polarization (waves), Amplified spontaneous emissions, Anisotropy, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Experimental investigations
Abstract: International audience; We report theoretical and experimental analysis of spin-injected VECSELs. First, we fabricate and characterize an optically pumped (100)-oriented InGaAs/GaAsP multiple quantum well VECSEL. The structure is designed to allow the integration of a Metal-Tunnel-Junction ferromagnetic spin-injector for future electrical injection. We report here the control at room temperature of the VECSEL polarization using optical spin injection in the active medium. The switching between two highly circular polarization states had been demonstrated using an M-shaped extended cavity in multi-modes lasing. This first result witnesses an efficient spin-injection in the active medium of the laser. Then, we report birefringence measurements of the VECSEL in oscillating conditions. The proposed technique relies on the measurement in the microwave domain of the beatnote between the oscillating mode and the amplified spontaneous emission of the cross-polarized non-lasing field lying in the following longitudinal mode. This technique is shown to offer extremely high sensitivity and accuracy enabling to track the amount of residual birefringence according to the laser operation conditions. Finally, we discuss the compensation of the residual linear phase anisotropy by controlling the birefringence of an intracavity electro-optical crystal. A 44-fold birefringence reduction is obtained. Besides, we study the modification of the laser polarization eigen states with birefringence compensation: a rotation of the linear polarization state is observed when the total phase anisotropy is reduced. An elliptical polarization eigen state is obtained at the minimum of the birefringence into the laser cavity, more favorable for spin injection. © 2016 SPIE.
Published: 2016

3. Rating existing housing stock for energy performance - development of an Australian national scheme

Author: 2016 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings Sydney, Australia 24-26 February 2016, O'Leary, Timothy, Belusko, Martin, and Bruno, Frank
Subjects: mandatory disclosure, home energy efficiency, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDSOCIETY
Abstract: The mandatory disclosure of residential building energy, greenhouse and water performance has been a key goal expressed in Australian government building energy and carbon emission reduction targets. A major issue for the Australian real estate industry since a proposed scheme was mooted in 2011 is what will mandatory disclosure look like? This paper provides an analysis of home energy efficiency rating and the current Residential Building Mandatory Disclosure (RBMD) landscape in Australia at both the Commonwealth and State/Territory level. The release of a Regulatory Impact Statement (RIS) including an assessment of the costs and benefits of various options for a national scheme provides a measure of likely regulation and practices around house sale and lease transactions.Some five years on since the introduction of more stringent energy efficiency performance regulations for new housing and the declaration by an Australian federal government that states and territories adopt energy performance disclosure mechanisms for older houses at point of sale or lease, issues with implementation and the perception of stakeholders and the tools that may be employed are investigated as are wider energy efficiency and sustainability issues to do with the nation’s housing stock. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
Published: 2016

4. Rational design of dinitroxide biradicals for efficient cross-effect dynamic nuclear polarization

Author: Gilles Casano, Dominik J. Kubicki, Martin Schwarzwälder, Claire Sauvée, Sébastien Abel, Lyndon Emsley, Maxim Yulikov, Aaron J. Rossini, Olivier Ouari, Paul Tordo, Gunnar Jeschke, Christophe Copéret, Anne Lesage, Karthikeyan Ganesan, Solid-State NMR Methods for Materials - Méthodes de RMN à l'état solide pour les matériaux, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Structure et Réactivité des Espèces Paramagnétiques (SREP), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Cross effect, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Radical, Relaxation (NMR), Rational design, General Chemistry, Electron, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Chemical physics, Polarization (electrochemistry)
Abstract: A series of 37 dinitroxide biradicals have been prepared and their performance studied as polarizing agents in cross-effect DNP NMR experiments at 9.4 T and 100 K in 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TCE). We observe that in this regime the DNP performance is strongly correlated with the substituents on the polarizing agents, and electron and nuclear spin relaxation times, with longer relaxation times leading to better enhancements. We also observe that deuteration of the radicals generally leads to better DNP enhancement but with longer build-up time. One of the new radicals introduced here provides the best performance obtained so far under these conditions. ISSN:2041-6520 ISSN:2041-6539
Published: 2016

5. Analytical Model for Connectivity in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Author: Rachid El-Azouzi, Mahmood Fathy, Eitan Altman, Saleh Yousefi, Models for the performance analysis and the control of networks (MAESTRO), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Laboratoire Informatique d'Avignon (LIA), Avignon Université (AU)-Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Informatique - CERI, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), and Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists
Subjects: Queueing theory, Exponential distribution, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, business.industry, Wireless ad hoc network, Aerospace Engineering, Traffic flow, Topology, Automotive Engineering, Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecture, Range (statistics), Probability distribution, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Platoon, Three-phase traffic theory, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Computer network
Abstract: We investigate connectivity in the ad hoc network formed between vehicles that move on a typical highway. We use a common model in vehicular traffic theory in which a fixed point on the highway sees cars passing it that are separated by times with an exponentially distributed duration. We obtain the distribution of the distances between the cars, which allows us to use techniques from queuing theory to study connectivity. We obtain the Laplace transform of the probability distribution of the connectivity distance, explicit expressions for the expected connectivity distance, and the probability distribution and expectation of the number of cars in a platoon. Then, we conduct extensive simulation studies to evaluate the obtained results. The analytical model that we present is able to describe the effects of various system parameters, including road traffic parameters (i.e., speed distribution and traffic flow) and the transmission range of vehicles, on the connectivity. To more precisely study the effect of speed on connectivity, we provide bounds obtained using stochastic ordering techniques. Our approach is based on the work of Miorandi and Altman, which transformed the problem of connectivity distance distribution into that of the distribution of the busy period of an equivalent infinite server queue. We use our analytical results, along with common road traffic statistical data, to understand connectivity in vehicular ad hoc networks.
Published: 2008

6. Prediction of human population responses to toxic compounds by a collaborative competition

Author: Eduati, F, Mangravite, L, Wang, T, Tang, Hongxiang, Bare, J, Huang, R, Norman, T, Kellen, M, Menden, M, Yang, J, Zhan, X, Zhong, R, Xiao, G, Xia, M, Abdo, N, Kosyk, O, Friend, S, Stolovitzky, G, Dearry, A, Tice, R, Simeonov, S, Rusyn, I, Wright, F, Xie, Y, Alaimo, S, Amadoz, A, Ammad-ud-din, M, Chloé-Azencott, A, Bacardit, J, Barron, P, Bernard, E, Beyer, A, Bin, S, van Bömmel, A, Borgwardt, K, Brys, A, Caffrey, B, Chang, J, Christodoulou, E, Clément-Ziza, M, Cohen, T, Cowherd, M, Demeyer, S, Dopazo, J, Elhard, J, Falcao, A, Ferro, A, Friedenberg, D, Giugno, R, Gong, Y, Gorospe, J, Granville, C, Grimm, D, Heinig, M, Hernansaiz, R, Hochreiter, S, Liang-Huang, C, Huska, M, Jiao, Y, Klambauer, G, Kuhn, M, Kursa, M, Kutum, R, Lazzarini, N, Lee, I, Leung, M, K W, Lim, Liu, C, F L, López, Mammana, A, Mayr, A, Michoel, T, Mongiovì, M, Moore, J, Narasimhan, R, Opiyo, S, Pandey, G, Peabody, A, Perner, J, Pulvirenti, A, Rawlik, K, Reinhardt, S, Riffle, C, Ruderfer, D, Sander, A, Savage, R, Scornet, E, Sebastian-Leon, P, Sharan, R, Simon-Gabriel, C, Stoven, V, Sun, J, Tang, H, Teixeira, A, Tenesa, A, Jean-Vert, P, Vingron, M, Walter, T, Whalen, S, Wiśniewska, Z, Wu, Y, Xu, H, Zhang, S, Zhao, J, W Zheng J, Ziwei, D, Simeonov, A, Raymond, R Tice, Saez-Rodriguez, J., NIEHS-NCATS-UNC DREAM Toxicogenetics Collaboration, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Data Storage Institute - A*STAR, Capital Normal University [Beijing], Southwest University of China, sans affiliation, Shanghai Ocean University, Centre de Bioinformatique (CBIO), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-PSL Research University (PSL), Cancer et génôme: Bioinformatique, biostatistiques et épidémiologie d'un système complexe, MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-Institut Curie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière [IGN] (IGN), Systèmes Productifs, Logistique, Organisation des Transports et Travail (IFSTTAR/AME/SPLOTT), Communauté Université Paris-Est-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), Biotechnology Center [Dresden] (BIOTEC), Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d'Essais [Trappes] (LNE ), Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Department of Computational Genomics, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Functional Genomics Node (INB), CIPF, Computational Intelligence Research Group (CA3), Centre of Technology and Systems (CTS), Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FCT NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (NOVA)-Universidade Nova de Lisboa (NOVA)-Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FCT NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (NOVA)-Universidade Nova de Lisboa (NOVA)-Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (NOVA), ACEEE, The Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists - IDES, Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information (LTCI), Télécom ParisTech-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory of Information, Network and Communication Sciences (LINCS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), University of Pensylvania, Institute for Infocomm Research - I²R [Singapore], Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering [Davis], University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Laboratoire Architecture, Ville, Urbanisme, Environnement (LAVUE), École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris-La Villette (ENSAPLV)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris Val-de-Seine (ENSA PVDS)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Statistique Théorique et Appliquée (LSTA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Agricultural Technological Extensive Station of Luntai County in Xinjiang, Medstar Research Institute, Huawei Technologies [Shanghaï], School of Economics and Business Administration (School of Economics and Business Administration), Beijing Normal University, National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences [Beijing] (NCMIS), Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science (AMSS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Division of Biostatistics, Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering [RWTH Aachen University], European Bioinformatics Institute [Hinxton] (EMBL-EBI), EMBL Heidelberg, Agricultural Information Institute (AII), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Department of Computer Science - Lafayette College, Lafayette College [Easton], MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Cancer et génome: Bioinformatique, biostatistiques et épidémiologie d'un système complexe, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Communauté Université Paris-Est, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia = School of Science & Technology (FCT NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA)-Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA)-Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia = School of Science & Technology (FCT NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA)-Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris-La Villette (ENSAPLV)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris Val-de-Seine (ENSA PVDS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Beijing Normal University (BNU), Sans affiliation, Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering [Univ California Davis] (MAE - UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris-La Villette (ENSAPLV), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris Val-de-Seine (ENSA PVDS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris Val-de-Seine (ENSA PVDS)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris-La Villette (ENSAPLV), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), and MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Bioinformatics, MESH: Risk Assessment, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, MESH: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Genotype, MESH: Incidence, MESH: Models, Genetic, Cytotoxicity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, education.field_of_study, High-throughput screening, MESH: Genetic Predisposition to Disease, drug, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], Trait, Molecular Medicine, Health occupations, Predictive medicine, Risk factors, Risk assessment, Biotechnology, data mining, expression, MESH: High-Throughput Screening Assays, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Biomedical Engineering, MESH: Genetics, Population, Bioengineering, Computational biology, Biology, Competition (biology), Article, MESH: Computer Simulation, ddc:570, 1000 Genomes Project, education, MESH: Toxicity Tests, ta113, MESH: Humans, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], MESH: Hazardous Substances, MESH: Lymphocytes, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], RA
Abstract: The ability to computationally predict the effects of toxic compounds on humans could help address the deficiencies of current chemical safety testing. Here, we report the results from a community-based DREAM challenge to predict toxicities of environmental compounds with potential adverse health effects for human populations. We measured the cytotoxicity of 156 compounds in 884 lymphoblastoid cell lines for which genotype and transcriptional data are available as part of the Tox21 1000 Genomes Project. The challenge participants developed algorithms to predict interindividual variability of toxic response from genomic profiles and population-level cytotoxicity data from structural attributes of the compounds. 179 submitted predictions were evaluated against an experimental data set to which participants were blinded. Individual cytotoxicity predictions were better than random, with modest correlations (Pearson's r < 0.28), consistent with complex trait genomic prediction. In contrast, predictions of population-level response to different compounds were higher (r < 0.66). The results highlight the possibility of predicting health risks associated with unknown compounds, although risk estimation accuracy remains suboptimal., Nature Biotechnology, 33 (9), ISSN:1546-1696, ISSN:1087-0156
Published: 2015

7. Depletion of Nonlinearity in Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence: Insights from Analysis and Simulations

Author: Ganapati Sahoo, Hélène Politano, Annick Pouquet, Rahul Pandit, John Gibbon, Anupam Gupta, Yannick Ponty, Giorgio Krstulovic, Julia E. Stawarz, Department of Mathematics [Imperial College London], Imperial College London, Dipartimento di Fisica [Roma Tor Vergata], Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics [Bangalore], Indian Institute of Science [Bangalore] (IISc Bangalore), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), and Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CLASS-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Classical Physics [physics.class-ph], Fluids & Plasmas, FOS: Physical sciences, Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, 01 natural sciences, 09 Engineering, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Magnetohydrodynamic drive, Magnetic Prandtl number, 010306 general physics, 01 Mathematical Sciences, Physics, 02 Physical Sciences, Turbulence, Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn), Order (ring theory), Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Vorticity, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics, Physics::Space Physics, Magnetohydrodynamics, Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD), Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: We build on recent developments in the study of fluid turbulence [Gibbon \textit{et al.} Nonlinearity 27, 2605 (2014)] to define suitably scaled, order-$m$ moments, $D_m^{\pm}$, of $\omega^\pm= \omega \pm j$, where $\omega$ and $j$ are, respectively, the vorticity and current density in three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). We show by mathematical analysis, for unit magnetic Prandtl number $P_M$, how these moments can be used to identify three possible regimes for solutions of the MHD equations; these regimes are specified by inequalities for $D_m^{\pm}$ and $D_1^{\pm}$. We then compare our mathematical results with those from our direct numerical simulations (DNSs) and thus demonstrate that 3D MHD turbulence is like its fluid-turbulence counterpart insofar as all solutions, which we have investigated, remain in \textit{only one of these regimes}; this regime has depleted nonlinearity. We examine the implications of our results for the exponents $q^{\pm}$ that characterize the power-law dependences of the energy spectra $\mathcal{E}^{\pm}(k)$ on the wave number $k$, in the inertial range of scales. We also comment on (a) the generalization of our results to the case $P_M \neq 1$ and (b) the relation between $D_m^{\pm}$ and the order-$m$ moments of gradients of hydrodynamic fields, which are used in characterizing intermittency in turbulent flows., Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2015

8. New national and regional bryophyte records, 42

Author: Leonard T. Ellis, Vladimir E. Fedosov, Roberto Venanzoni, Devendra Singh, K. P. Rajesh, Emma Bricchi, S. S. Choi, Reesa Gupta, Arkadiusz Nowak, L. Jennings, C. M. Seng, D. K. Singh, N. Schnyder, Jakub Sawicki, Seung Jin Park, Vadim A. Bakalin, Vijay Nath, Vítězslav Plášek, Halina Bednarek-Ochyra, S. Singh Deo, S. Poponessi, M. Lebouvier, Manuela Sim-Sim, Aneta Sabovljevic, B-Y. Sun, Ariel Bergamini, Monica Suleiman, M. J. Wigginton, M. S. Chua, Lukáš Číhal, Svetlana Grdovic, Marko Sabovljevic, M. C. Nair, S. Ştefănuţ, Mauro Mariotti, René Schumacker, Shuvadeep Majumdar, Peter Beveridge, K. M. Manjula, Rosalina Gabriel, Marcin Nobis, Michele Aleffi, J. Váňa, Ashish Kumar Asthana, Harald Kürschner, María Teresa Gallego, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Vladivostok University, Polish Academy of Science, Inst Bot, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), WSL Lausanne, WSL, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Universidade dos Açores, Génétique, Reproduction et Développement (GReD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Botanical Research Institute, Freie Universität Berlin, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ACEEE, The Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists - IDES, Department of Geology, Aligarh Muslim University, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), Institut de génétique humaine (IGH), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Life Sciences [Jeonju], Chonbuk National University, Dept Biol & Ecol, Techn Univ Ostrava, Technical University of Ostrava [Ostrava] (VSB), Université de Belgrade, Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade [Belgrade], University of Warmia and Mazury [Olsztyn], Faculdade de Ciências [Lisboa], Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering [Roorkee], Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT Roorkee), HEC Paris - Recherche - Hors Laboratoire, Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Paris), Centre of Ecology, Taxonomy and Nature Conservation (CETNC), Romanian Academy of Sciences, Laboratoire national des champs magnétiques intenses - Toulouse (LNCMI-T), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Charles University, Dept Bot, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Warmington, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: Plant Science, 15. Life on land, Plagiothecium denticulatum var obtusifolium, Liguria, briofite, Geography, Loess, Botany, Bryophyte, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Acaulon triquetrum, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Plagiothecium denticulatum var obtusifolium, Liguria, briofite, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: 1. Acaulon triquetrum (Spruce) Mull.Hal.Contributors: S. Grdovic, A. Sabovljevic and M.S. SabovljevicSerbia: Belgrade, Bežanijska kosa, on loess soil, 16 March 2013, leg./det. Aneta Sabovljevic & M...
Published: 2015

9. Accurate measurement of the residual birefringence in VECSEL: Towards understanding of the polarization behavior under spin-polarized pumping

Author: Frougier Julien, Isabelle Sagnes, Ghaya Baili, Daniel Dolfi, Jean-Marie George, Mehdi Alouini, Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), THALES [France]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES [France], Laboratoire de photonique et de nanostructures (LPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-BLAN-1014, French National Research Agency (ANR), ANR-10-BLAN-1014,INSPIRE,Injection de Spin pour l'émission de lumière polarisée(2010), THALES-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), THALES, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Amplified spontaneous emission, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Birefringence, business.industry, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Polarization (waves), Laser, 01 natural sciences, Vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting-laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Semiconductor laser theory, law.invention, Longitudinal mode, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Microwave, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: In this paper we report birefringence measurements of an optically pumped (100)-oriented InGaAs/GaAsP multiple quantum well (MQWs) Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VECSEL) in oscillating conditions. The proposed technique relies on the measurement in the microwave domain of the beatnote between the oscillating mode and the amplified spontaneous emission of the cross-polarized non-lasing field lying in the following longitudinal mode. This technique is shown to offer extremely high sensitivity and accuracy enabling to track the amount of residual birefringence according to the laser operation conditions. The experience fits within the broader framework of polarization selection in spin-injected lasers.
Published: 2015

10. Revealing Occupancy Diversity Factors in Buildings Using Sensor Data

Author: Bouffaron, Pierrick, Peffer, Therese, Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées (CMA), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), California Institute for Energy and Environment (CIEE), and Precourt Energy Efficiency Center (PEEC) at Stanford University, American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE), and California Institute for Energy and Environment (CIEE) at the University of California, Berkeley.
Subjects: building occupancy, diversity factor, [SDE.PLT]Environmental Sciences/domain_sde.plt, building energy consumption, demand control strategy, [SDE.PLAN]Environmental Sciences/domain_sde.plan
Abstract: International audience; The definition of the number of people that occupy a particular space and for what duration is difficult to characterize because human behavior is considered stochastic in nature. Occupants’ locations within a building vary throughout the day and this distribution can be valuable information when evaluating demand control strategies. Occupancy diversity factors have not been studied as extensively as for example lighting and plug loads diversity factors. Some reasons for fewer studies of occupancy is limitations accessing existing occupancy datasets and challenges interpreting the data. In a research building at UC Berkeley, we were able to add sets of passive infrared (PIR) or motion sensing for occupancy and carbon dioxide sensors in 67 private offices and 2 conference rooms, as well as in multiple open offices. In this work we study deterministic and stochastic building occupancy models based on data from the deployed sets of sensors. Data is analyzed to show major variations of occupancy diversity factors in private offices and conference rooms for time of day, day of the week, holidays, and month of the year. The impact on the building electrical load is highlighted: people usually operate electric lights, computers, and other common office devices when in a space, and this equipment is often turned off or in sleep mode when the space is not occupied. The diversity factors presented in this study can differ as much as 40% from those published in the literature or in the latest ASHRAE energy cost method guidelines, a document commonly used by energy modelers for building simulations. This may result in misleading simulation results and may introduce inefficiencies in the systems design and control. Therefore we argue that building occupancy is a basic and key factor in energy simulations. Occupancy sensors can certainly help in calculating better diversity factors, but what is the optimum number and distribution of sensors to improve performance and justify the cost?
Published: 2014

11. Planar Antenna Array Control With Genetic Algorithms and Adaptive Array Theory

Author: Salvatore Caorsi, Andrea Lommi, F.G.B. De Natale, Massimo Donelli, Andrea Massa, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), University of Trento [Trento], Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), and Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists
Subjects: Computer science, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Electrical engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Communications system, law.invention, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Signal-to-noise ratio, law, Control system, Genetic algorithm, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Radar, Antenna (radio), business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Planar arrays are successfully employed in radar and communication systems in order to allow three-dimensional-scanning. In the framework of real-time control of antenna arrays, starting from the Applebaum theory, this paper presents an approach based on a customized genetic algorithm aimed at adaptively eliminating interfering signals. Successful applications are presented in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in term of performances and computational complexity.
Published: 2004

12. Microwave Medical Imaging: Potentialities and Limitations of a Stochastic Optimization Technique

Author: Matteo Pastorino, Andrea Massa, Andrea Rosani, Salvatore Caorsi, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: optimization problems, Mathematical optimization, Discretization, medical imaging, Markov process, 02 engineering and technology, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, Genetic algorithm, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Genetic algorithms, inverse scattering, microwave imaging, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics, Radiation, Markov random field, Continuous modelling, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Condensed Matter Physics, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Microwave imaging, Inverse scattering problem, symbols, Stochastic optimization, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: An approach based on a stochastic optimization technique is proposed for medical microwave imaging. The approach is based on the integral equations of the electromagnetic inverse scattering. After discretization of the continuous model, the problem solution is recast as a global optimization problem. A functional is constructed on the basis of a Markov random field model and minimized by a genetic algorithm. In order to reduce the computational load, a model of the cross section of the biological body is considered. In this way, the investigation area is limited by separating the scattering contribution of a fixed region under test from those of other parts of the model. Some preliminary results concerning a two-dimensional model of a human thorax are reported. Such a biological structure is inspected by the proposed tomographic approach in order to detect and localize the presence of an "object" modeling a tumor.
Published: 2004

13. Peak Sidelobe Level Reduction With a Hybrid Approach Based on GAs and Difference Sets

Author: Matteo Pastorino, Andrea Lommi, Andrea Massa, Salvatore Caorsi, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Reconfigurable antenna, Mathematical optimization, Reliability (computer networking), 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Smart antenna, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Hybrid approach, law.invention, Reduction (complexity), Beam pattern, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, law, Genetic algorithm, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Antenna (radio), [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Algorithm, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics
Abstract: This paper presents an approach for the optimization of the beam pattern produced by massively thinned arrays. The method, which combines the most attractive features of a genetic algorithm and those of a combinatorial technique (namely, the difference sets method), is aimed at synthesizing massively thinned antenna arrays in order to suitably reduce the peak sidelobe level. Selected numerical results are presented in order to assess the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed approach.
Published: 2004

14. Detection, Location, and Imaging of Multiple Scatterers by Means of the Iterative Multiscaling Method

Author: Salvatore Caorsi, Andrea Massa, Massimo Donelli, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), University of Trento [Trento], Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mathematical optimization, Radiation, Iterative method, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Function (mathematics), Iterative reconstruction, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Integral equation, Object detection, 010309 optics, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Microwave imaging, 0103 physical sciences, Inverse scattering problem, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Minification, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Algorithm, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics
Abstract: In this paper, a new version of the iterative multiscaling method (IMM) is proposed for reconstructing multiple scatterers in two-dimensional microwave imaging problems. This paper describes the new procedure evaluating the effectiveness of the IMM previously assessed for single object detection. Starting from inverse scattering integral equations, the problem is recast in a minimization one by defining iteratively (at each level of the scaling procedure) a suitable cost function, firstly allowing a detection of the unknown objects, successively a location of the scatterers, and finally, a quantitative reconstruction of the scenario under test. Thanks to its properties, the approach allows an effective use of the information achievable from inverse scattering data. Moreover, the adopted kind of expansion is able to deal with all possible multiresolution combinations in an easy and computationally inexpensive way. Selected numerical examples concerning dielectric, as well as dissipative objects in noisy environments or starting from experimentally acquired data are reported in order to confirm the usefulness of the introduced tool and of the effectiveness of the proposed procedure.
Published: 2004

15. A MULTI-SOURCE STRATEGY BASED ON A LEARNING-BY-EXAMPLES TECHNIQUE FOR BURIED OBJECT DETECTION

Author: Massimo Donelli, Andrea Boni, Emanuela Bermani, Salvatore Caorsi, A. Massa, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), University of Trento [Trento], Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Radiation, Ideal (set theory), Exploit, Computer science, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Process (computing), 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter Physics, computer.software_genre, Object detection, Support vector machine, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Data mining, Limit (mathematics), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, computer, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Multi-source, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering
Abstract: In the framework of buried object detection and subsurface sensing, some of the main difficulties in the reconstruction process are certainly due to the aspect-limited nature of available measurement data and to the requirement of an on-line reconstruction. To limit these problems, a multi-source (MS) learning-by-example (LBE) technique is proposed in this paper. In order to fully exploit the more attractive features of the MS strategy, the proposed approach is based on a support vector machine (SVM). The effectiveness of the MS-LBE technique is evaluated by comparing the achieved results with those obtained by means of a previously developed single-source (SS) SVM-based procedure for an ideal as well as a noisy enviroment.
Published: 2004

16. Detection of buried inhomogeneous elliptic cylinders by a memetic algorithm

Author: Andrea Randazzo, Mirco Raffetto, Salvatore Caorsi, Andrea Massa, Matteo Pastorino, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mathematical optimization, Forward scatter, Iterative method, Computation, Mathematical analysis, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, symbols.namesake, Mathieu function, Dielectric cylinder, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, symbols, Memetic algorithm, Minification, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Global optimization, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, Mathematics
Abstract: The paper studies the application of a global optimization procedure to the detection of buried inhomogeneities. The object inhomogeneities are schematized as multilayer infinite dielectric cylinders with elliptic cross sections. An efficient recursive analytical procedure is used for the forward scattering computation. A functional is constructed in which the field is expressed in a series solution of Mathieu functions. Starting with the input scattered data, the iterative minimization of the functional is performed by a new optimization method called memetic algorithm.
Published: 2003

17. A finite-element procedure based on a boundary-value approach for the evaluation of the electromagnetic exposure in biological phantoms

Author: Andrea Massa, Salvatore Caorsi, Emanuela Bermani, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Radiation, Finite element procedure, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Boundary values, Imaging phantom, Finite element method, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Data acquisition, Robustness (computer science), Electromagnetic exposure, Electric field, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Algorithm, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Simulation, Mathematics
Abstract: In this paper, a finite-element method, based on a boundary-value approach, for the evaluation of the electric-field distribution in exposed biological phantoms is presented. Starting from the measurement of the electric field around the phantom, the field prediction is obtained by solving a boundary-value problem. This allows to avoid the description of the electromagnetic source and to estimate of the electric-field distribution also when the illuminating source is unknown or when its numerical model is not available. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, some numerical results, concerning a two-dimensional geometry, are provided. Firstly, the accuracy and validity of the electromagnetic prediction are assessed by comparing numerical with reference solutions (analytically computed). In order to demonstrate the efficiency, robustness, and capability of this technique, different measurement strategies, noisy environments, and errors in the data acquisition are then taken into account.
Published: 2002

18. A parallel implementation of an evolutionary-based automatic tool for microwave circuit synthesis: Preliminary results

Author: Mirco Raffetto, Massimo Donelli, Andrea Massa, Salvatore Caorsi, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), University of Trento [Trento], Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Exploit, Computer science, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter Physics, computer.software_genre, Computational resource, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Finite element method, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Feature (computer vision), Virtual machine, Genetic algorithm, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Power dividers and directional couplers, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, computer, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Microwave
Abstract: In this paper a CAD tool for the automatic design of passive microwave components is described. It is based on a genetic algorithm optimizer and a three-dimensional finite element simulator. The main feature of the proposed tool is its ability, achieved by means of the parallel virtual machine software package, to fully exploit any concurrent computational resource. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is preliminarily assessed by considering the synthesis of a rectangular waveguide power divider. Selected numerical results confirm the capabilities, but also the current limitations, of the presented methodology. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 35: 169–172, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10547
Published: 2002

19. Generic Deterministic Random Number Generation in Dynamic-Multithreaded Platforms

Author: Jean-Louis Roch, Stefano Drimon Kurz Mor, Nicolas Maillard, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Instituto de Informática da UFRGS (UFRGS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), PrograMming and scheduling design fOr Applications in Interactive Simulation (MOAIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Fernando M. A. Silva and Ines de Castro Dutra and Vìtor Santos Costa, Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)
Subjects: Random number generation, Computer science, Computation, Dynamic-Multithreading, Mersenne twister, Parallel computing, Cilk, Generic, DotMix, Randomized algorithm, Scheduling (computing), Multithreading, [INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing [cs.DC], computer, computer.programming_language, Random Numbers
Abstract: International audience; On dynamic multithreaded platforms with on-line scheduling such as work-stealing, randomized computations raise the issue of repro-ducibility. Compliant with de facto standard sequential Deterministic Random Number Generators (DRNGs) noted R, we propose a parallel DRNG implementation for finite computations that provides determinis-tic parallel execution. It uses the stateless sub-stream approach, enabling the use of efficient DRNG such as Mersenne Twister or Linear Congru-ential. We demonstrate that if R provides fast jump ahead in the random sequence, the re-seeding overhead is small, polylog in expectation, inde-pendently from the parallel computation's depth. Experiments bench-mark the performance of randomized algorithms employing our solution against the stateful DRNG DotMix, tailored to the Cilk Plus dynamic multithreading runtime. The overhead of our implementation ParDRNG compares favorably to the linear overhead of DotMix re-seedings.
Published: 2014

20. The brighter-fatter effect and pixel correlations in CCD sensors

Author: Nicolas Regnault, Pierre Astier, P. Antilogus, Augustin Guyonnet, Peter Doherty, ACEEE, and The Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists - IDES
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Scale (descriptive set theory), Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Poisson distribution, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Mathematical Physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Pixel, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Dynamic range, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Stars, Full width at half maximum, symbols, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present evidence that spots imaged using astronomical CCDs do not exactly scale with flux: bright spots tend to be broader than faint ones, using the same illumination pattern. We measure that the linear size of spots or stars, of typical size 3 to 4 pixels FWHM, increase linearly with their flux by up to $2\%$ over the full CCD dynamic range. This brighter-fatter effect affects both deep-depleted and thinned CCD sensors. We propose that this effect is a direct consequence of the distortions of the drift electric field sourced by charges accumulated within the CCD during the exposure and experienced by forthcoming light-induced charges in the same exposure. The pixel boundaries then become slightly dynamical: overfilled pixels become increasingly smaller than their neighbors, so that bright star sizes, measured in number of pixels, appear larger than those of faint stars. This interpretation of the brighter-fatter effect implies that pixels in flat-fields should exhibit statistical correlations, sourced by Poisson fluctuations, that we indeed directly detect. We propose to use the measured correlations in flat-fields to derive how pixel boundaries shift under the influence of a given charge pattern, which allows us to quantitatively predict how star shapes evolve with flux. This physical model of the brighter-fatter effect also explains the commonly observed phenomenon that the spatial variance of CCD flat-fields increases less rapidly than their average., Comment: Proceedings of the workshop "Precision Astronomy with Fully Depleted CCDs". Accepted for publication in JINST. 15 pages
Published: 2014
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21. WSN4QoL: A WSN-Oriented Healthcare System Architecture

Author: Stefano Tennina, Fabio Graziosi, Angelos Antonopoulos, Prodromos-Vasileios Mekikis, M. Di Renzo, Aris S. Lalos, Luis Alonso, Elli Kartsakli, University of Porto, CISTER, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Electrical and Information Engineering (DIEI), Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya = Telecommunications Technological Centre of Catalonia (CTTC), ACEEE, The Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists - IDES, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. WiComTec - Grup de recerca en Tecnologies i Comunicacions Sense Fils
Subjects: Distributed localization, Article Subject, 020205 medical informatics, Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telemàtica i xarxes d'ordinadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, Computer security, computer.software_genre, lcsh:QA75.5-76.95, Field (computer science), Continuous monitoring, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Networked embedded systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Salut, Architecture, General Engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Wireless sensor networks, 3. Good health, Health, Linear network coding, Systems architecture, lcsh:Electronic computers. Computer science, Wireless sensor network, computer, Healthcare system, Ciències de la salut [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Xarxes de sensors sense fils
Abstract: International audience; People worldwide are getting older and this fact has pushed the need for designing new, more pervasive, and possibly cost effective healthcare systems. In this field, distributed and networked embedded systems, such as wireless sensor networks (WSNs), are the most appealing technology to achieve continuous monitoring of aged people for their own safety, without affecting their daily activities. This paper proposes recent advancements in this field by introducing WSN4QoL, a Marie Curie project which involves academic and industrial partners from three EU countries. The project aims to propose new WSN-based technologies to meet the specific requirements of pervasive healthcare applications. In particular, in this paper, the system architecture is presented to cope with the challenges imposed by the specific application scenario. This includes a network coding (NC) mechanism and a distributed localization solution that have been implemented on WSN testbeds to achieve efficiency in the communications and to enable indoor people tracking. Preliminary results in a real environment show good system performance that meet our expectations.
Published: 2014

22. Représentativité et mobilité du débitage laminaire au Weichselien ancien dans le Bassin parisien

Author: Gabriel Drwila, Héloïse Koehler, Mathieu Duplessis, Jean‑luc Locht, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques (BBF), École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Professions, institutions, temporalités (PRINTEMPS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM), Department of General and Theoretical Ecology, University of Bremen, University of Bremen, Préhistoire et environnements quaternaires de l'Europe du nord-ouest (PEQENO), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 060101 anthropology, 06 humanities and the arts, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 16. Peace & justice, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Middle Paleolithic, Early Weichselian, Paris Basin, blade production, production economy, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, débitage laminaire, 0601 history and archaeology, Weichselien, Bassin parisien, économie de production, Paléolithique moyen, Weichsélien ancien, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Blade production is common in northwest European industries for the Middle Palaeolithic (Tuffreau, 1983 ; Révillion, 1994 ; Locht, 2002). It is typically associated with the Early Weichselian (MIS 5d-a, ibid.). Its presence, even minor, is a strong marker and the assemblages containing this kind of production are systematically attributed to the ’ Northwest European Technocomplex’ (Depaepe, 2007). However, its frequency in the assemblages is rarely considered although it is far from being identical. Generally associated with other kinds of production (flakes and/ or points), blade production most often represents 5-15% of the assemblage structure, but is sometimes very minor (1-2%) or, on the contrary, exclusive. The question of its status and frequency in relation to other production modes should be addressed. To explain the representativeness of blade production in Mousterian assemblages, we have examined its frequency in different archaeological assemblages. Five lithic assemblages from the Paris Basin dating to the Early Weichselian (MIS 5, ca. 110 to 70 ka BP) were selected : Angé (Loir-et-Cher), levels C and D at Soindres (Yvelines), the upper level at Auteuil (Oise) and Villiers-Adam (Val-d’Oise). These assemblages were chosen because blade production varies quite significantly between them. Angé contains a relatively minor blade production component (around 7% of the assemblage), with volumetric and pyramidal core structure, produced in situ and accompanied by the importation of blades, the latter frequently retouched. The industry in level D at Soindres is exclusively laminar (i. e., blade production represents 100% of all production), with a dominance of volumetric core structure, made in situ and accompanied by the export of blades. Finally, level C at Soindres, the upper level at Auteuil and Villiers-Adam show only the importation of rare blades in the assemblages (ca. 3%) and reflect volumetric core reduction. The present study offers an opportunity to identify the relationships between the differences in proportion of blade production within these assemblages, which could be explained, among other factors, by the significant fragmentation of the blade production chaîne opératoire. Indeed, some sites appear to be ’ producers’ and ’ exporters’ of blades, while others are ’ importers’ or ’ consumers’. Such fragmentation of blade chaînes opératoires in space and time should be correlated with that also observed for point production (Locht et al., 2003 ; Goval, 2008 ; Koehler, 2009) and Levallois flake production (Koehler, 2009). Such splitting of these chaînes opératoires during the Early Weichselian in the Paris Basin may be correlated with variability in site function for the assemblages studied (halts, short-term camps, long-term occupations, repeated occupations, etc.). These observations lead us to propose interpretative hypotheses concerning the space occupation mode during this period. One of the responses, the most appealing, would be to consider these sites as evidence of different occupations by a single human group/ set of human groups, each site having a specific function : some long/ repeated occupations with varied activities would indicate long-duration occupations by all of the groups, others would reveal specific camps occupied by a few people leaving the base camp to carry out certain specific tasks, in line with the ’ base camps’ and ’ logistical camps’ proposed by L. and S. Binford (1966). This hypothesis, while attractive, cannot be confirmed as is, the main pitfall being the contemporaneity of the sites, which has not been conclusively demonstrated. However, it has the merit of highlighting the organization of space and the high degree of mobility of artefacts and thus probably of humans during the Early Weichselian in the Paris Basin. This observation is even more valid for more recent periods, the Lower and Middle Pleniglacial of the Weichselian, during which the organization of space appears to be entirely different. Indeed, although these periods are less well documented than the First Weichselian Glacial, the lithic assemblages are not only less diversified but appear especially small and more circumscribed in space. These observations, although they need to be developed and clarified, particularly given the rate of discovery of MIS 4 and 3 sites, currently demonstrate differences in the occupation of space in the Paris Basin during the recent phases of the Middle Palaeolithic. We are thus tempted to propose the hypothesis that blade production during the Weichselian may have been a response to the singular organization of knappers of the period, in line with a high degree of mobility., Le débitage laminaire est fréquemment attesté au Paléolithique moyen dans les productions septentrionales (Tuffreau, 1983 ; Révillion, 1994 ; Locht, 2002). Il est, la plupart du temps, associé à d’autres types de productions (éclats et pointes). Néanmoins, la place qu’il occupe par rapport à ces derniers est loin d’être claire. S’il ne constitue généralement qu’une production secondaire en proportion, il peut également être exclusif dans de rares cas. Afin de comprendre sa représentativité dans les occupations moustériennes, nous nous sommes intéressés à sa fréquence au sein de différents ensembles archéologiques. Nous avons pour cela analysé cinq séries lithiques du Bassin parisien datant du Weichsélien ancien (SIM 5, soit entre environ 110 et 70 ka BP), à savoir celles d’Angé (Loir-et-Cher), les niveaux C et D de Soindres (Yvelines), le niveau supérieur d’Auteuil (Oise) et Villiers-Adam (Val-d’Oise). Ces séries ont retenu notre attention car les productions laminaires y sont quantitativement très variées, leur présence étant exclusive dans l’assemblage de Soindres, niveau D, minoritaire dans celui d’Angé et sporadique à Auteuil, Soindres, niveau C et Villiers-Adam. Leur étude a offert l’opportunité de mettre en relation les différences de proportion des productions laminaires au sein de ces ensembles archéologiques, pouvant s’expliquer, entre autre, par une importante fragmentation de la chaîne opératoire laminaire. En effet, des phénomènes d’export et d’import de lames sont systématiquement attestés. Quand le niveau D de Soindres suggère une production laminaire in situ ainsi qu’un export de lames, il en est tout autrement pour le niveau C de Soindres, le niveau supérieur d’Auteuil et Villiers-Adam pour lesquels un import de lame est constaté. Enfin, la série d’Angé révèle une position intermédiaire avec une production laminaire in situ accompagnée d’imports de lames. Cette fragmentation des chaînes opératoires laminaires dans l’espace et dans le temps doit être corrélée à celle également constatée pour les productions de pointes (Locht et al., 2003 ; Goval, 2008 ; Koehler, 2009) et d’éclats Levallois (Koehler, 2009). Ce constat, couplé aux fonctions manifestement variées des séries étudiées (halte, occupations brèves, occupations longues, répétées, etc.), nous amène à envisager une structuration singulière de l’espace géographique par les Paléolithiques dans le Bassin parisien au Weichsélien ancien, basée sur une forte mobilité des vestiges et donc probablement des hommes. Structuration de l’espace qui serait, en l’état actuel des données, différente pour les périodes ultérieures du Pléniglaciaire inférieur et moyen du Weichsélien. En effet, bien que ces périodes soient moins bien documentées que pour le Début Glaciaire du Weichsélien, les ensembles lithiques sont non seulement moins diversifiés mais semblent surtout plus réduits et davantage circonscrits dans l’espace. Ces observations nous amènent ainsi à proposer que produire des lames au Weichsélien ancien pourrait être une réponse à l’organisation spatiale singulière des tailleurs de l’époque, en lien avec leur forte mobilité., Koehler Héloïse, Drwila Gabriel, Duplessis Mathieu, Locht Jean-Luc. Représentativité et mobilité du débitage laminaire au Weichselien ancien dans le Bassin parisien. In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 111, n°1, 2014. pp. 5-17.
Published: 2014

23. Numerical assessment concerning a focused microwave diagnostic method for medical applications

Author: Salvatore Caorsi, Matteo Pastorino, Andrea Massa, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Engineering, Radiation, business.industry, Forward scatter, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Inversion (meteorology), Numerical assessment, 02 engineering and technology, Iterative reconstruction, Inverse problem, Condensed Matter Physics, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Microwave imaging, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Global optimization, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Microwave
Abstract: The possibility of focused microwave imaging in medical applications is investigated in this paper by means of a numerical assessment based on the forward scattering solution. As a text case, a human abdomen is considered and different electromagnetic sources operating at the working frequencies f=433 MHz and f=2.45 GHz are used. Many numerical investigations are performed in order to define the optimal dimensions of the reduced investigation domain. To quantitatively evaluate the effects of the reduction of the original investigation domain on the inversion data, suitable relative errors are defined. Once the reduced domain is defined, preliminary reconstructions are performed, aiming to evaluate the imaging capabilities of a global optimization technique when a focused approach is used for tomographic applications. Finally, some considerations are drawn and future developments of the proposed technique are indicated.
Published: 2000

24. Assessment of the Effectiveness of Iterative Techniques for the Evaluation of the Electromagnetic Scattering by Weakly Nonlinear Dielectric Cylinders

Author: Caorsi, Salvatore, Massa, Andrea, Pastorino, Matteo, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010309 optics, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Radiation, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 1997

25. Electrical Spin-Injection enhancement in III-V Spin-LEDs: Towards control of light polarization using spin-injected Lasers

Author: Julien Frougier, Tiantian Zhang, Shiheng Liang, Phillipe Barate, Pierre Renucci, Xavier Marie, Ghaya Baili, Mehdi Alouini, Isabelle Sagnes, Arnaud Garnache, Jaffrès, H., Yuan LU, Jean-Marie George, Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), THALES [France]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Astronomical Observatories [Beijing] (NAOC), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Département de Recherche en Ingéniérie des Véhicules pour l'Environnement (DRIVE), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire de physique et chimie des nano-objets (LPCNO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES [France], Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de photonique et de nanostructures (LPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes (IES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Térahertz, hyperfréquence et optique (TéHO), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, University of Nebraska System-University of Nebraska System, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thalès ( UMP CNRS/THALES ), THALES-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), National Astronomical Observatories [Beijing] ( NAOC ), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] ( CAS ), Département de Recherche en Ingéniérie des Véhicules pour l'Environnement ( DRIVE ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse ( INSA Toulouse ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie des nano-objets ( LPCNO ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), THALES, Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de photonique et de nanostructures ( LPN ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes ( IES ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, THALES-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Nebraska [Lincoln], and Carré, Anthony
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2013

26. Control of light polarization using spin-injected VECSELS

Author: Frougier, Julien, Baili, Ghaya, Alouini, Mehdi, Sagnes, Isabelle, Jaffrès, Henri, Garnache, Arnaud, Dolfi, Daniel, George, Jean-Marie, Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-THALES, Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de photonique et de nanostructures (LPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes (IES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Térahertz, hyperfréquence et optique (TéHO), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, THALES [France]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), THALES [France], and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Physics::Optics
Abstract: International audience; In the past decade, continuous interest and research efforts have been dedicated to the study of spin injection into Semiconductor based Light Emitting Device such as Spin-Light Emitting Diodes (Spin-LEDs) [1] and more recently Spin-LASERs such as Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting LASERs (VCSELs) [2]. Our study mainly focuses on the possibility to manipulate the polarization state of the electromagnetic field emitted by a Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VECSEL) thanks to spin-polarized carriers injected in the active medium of the structure. Our work on Spin-LASER is based on our expertise on III-V Spin-LEDs AlGaAs/GaAs/AlAs heterostructures [3-4-5] providing the emission at 800 nm of a circularly-polarized light (Spin polarization rate in the QWs greater than 30%) in the spontaneous recombination regime. The extension of this principle to coherent light should enable to considerably increase the spin polarization rate [6]. We have focused our effort on half-VCSEL structures implemented in external cavity configurations. This enables us to control a part of laser parameters as gain dichroism and birefringence which is useful to optimize spin injections effects on laser emission. The optically injected ½-VCSEL is constituted of a high reflection Bragg mirror (AlAs/GaAs), and an active medium made of 6 to 12 InGaAs QWs confined by GaAsP/GaAs barriers. As a first step to get electrically injected and spin controlled VECSELs, laser oscillations with a VECSEL incorporating an intra-cavity ferromagnetic spin-injector is needed. This step was challenging given the high absorption of classical ferromagnetic spin injector (typically 10% for 5 nm thickness) compared to optical gain in ½-VCSELs, limited to few %. To overcome this limitation, we grew by sputtering a (2.6nm MgO/1.8nm Co/3nm Pt) ferromagnetic Metal-Tunnel-Junction spin-injector in one node of the stationary electric field on the surface of the antiresonant ½-VCSEL structure. By optimizing the filtering and absorption effects of the spin-injector, we succeed to obtain laser oscillation within the new ½-VCSEL. This encouraging result is a first step towards the realization of an electrically pumped VECSEL with spin-polarized electrons. Another way to control electron spin-polarization state in ½-VCSELs consists in using circularly polarized optical pumping. Unfortunately, the polarization state of a laser depends on the competition between the gain dichroism, ΔG, and phase birefringence, γ, in the laser cavity. In order to evaluate the influence of such parameters on the emitted polarization state, we developed a dedicated vectorial model describing the laser eigenstates when taking into account laser parameters as gain dichroism (linear, circular) and phase parameters. Our first experiments showed that a ½-VCSEL implemented in a linear external cavity is in the regime where the linear birefringence is higher than the gain circular dichroism γ >> ΔG resulting in a linear polarization state at the laser output. Hence, to overcome the effects of linear birefringence, we implemented a specific laser cavity including circular phase anisotropy introduced by a Faraday Rotator. This optical component forces the laser to oscillate on circularly polarized eigenstates [7]. In this case, we demonstrate that the VECSEL output circular polarization orientation can be controlled with a high efficiency (100% left or right circular polarization) using the pump circular polarization orientation when switching from Left (σ-) to Right (σ+) Circular polarization. This witnesses an efficient spin-injection and spin-control into the semiconductor active medium of the laser.
Published: 2013

27. A toolbox for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis: an Indian multicentric study (2006-2008). Evaluation of QuantiFERON-TB gold in tube for TB diagnosis

Author: Amit Singh, Subbalaxmi V. S. Malladi, Pratibha Sharma, Archana Sodha, Balambal Raman, Sarman Singh, Satheesh K. Thangaraj, Christophe Longuet, Alaka Deshpande, Enrico Girardi, Kiran Katoch, Vemu Lakshmi, Deepali Mukerjee, Manoj Kumar, Camilla Rodrigues, Alamelu Raja, Vishwa Mohan Katoch, Marc Leportier, Rajeshwar Dayal, Nirmal Kumar Ganguly, Delia Goletti, Deepthi Nair, Basirudeen Syed Ahamed Kabeer, Guy Vernet, Philippe H. Lagrange, Beenu Joshi, Service de microbiologie [Saint-Louis], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' IRCCS, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani', ACEEE, The Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists - IDES, Fondation Mérieux, and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Microbiological Techniques, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, Tuberculin, HIV Infections, QuantiFERON, Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Tuberculosis diagnosis, Latent Tuberculosis, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:Science, Prospective cohort study, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Latent tuberculosis, biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Tuberculin Test, lcsh:R, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, bacterial infections and mycoses, 3. Good health, Immunology, Sputum, lcsh:Q, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Interferon-gamma Release Tests, Research Article
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: The aim of this multicentric prospective study in India was to assess the performance of the QuantiFERON TB-Gold in tube (QFT-GIT), Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and microbiological results as additional tools for diagnosing active tuberculosis (TB) and latent infection (LTBI) according to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status. METHODS: Individuals with and without active TB and HIV infection were enrolled between 2006-2008. QFT-GIT and TST results were analyzed per se and in combination with microbiological data. RESULTS: Among the 276 individuals (96 active pulmonary TB and 180 no active TB) tested by QFT-GIT, 18 indeterminate results (6.5%) were found, more significantly numerous in the HIV-infected (15/92; 16.3%) than the HIV-uninfected (3/184; 1.6%)(p
Published: 2013

28. Contrôle de la Polarisation Lumineuse d’un LASER par injection de porteurs polarisés en spin

Author: Frougier, J., Baili, G, Alouini, M., Sagnes, Isabelle, Jaffrès, H., Garnache, A., Dolfi, Daniel, George, J.-M., Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-THALES, Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de photonique et de nanostructures (LPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes (IES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Térahertz, hyperfréquence et optique (TéHO), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, THALES [France]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), THALES [France], and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2013

29. Higgs Working Group Report of the Snowmass 2013 Community Planning Study

Author: Dawson, S., Gritsan, A., Logan, H., Qian, J., Tully, C., Van Kooten, R., Ajaib, A., Anastassov, A., Anderson, I., Asner, D., Bake, O., Barger, V., Barklow, T., Batell, B., Battaglia, M., Berge, S., Blondel, A., Bolognesi, S., Brau, J., Brownson, E., Cahill-Rowley, M., Calancha-Paredes, C., Chen, C. -Y., Chou, W., Clare, R., Cline, D., Craig, N., Cranmer, K., de Gruttola, M., Elagin, A., Essig, R., Everett, L., Feng, E., Fujii, K., Gainer, J., Gao, Y., Gogoladze, I., Gori, S., Goncalo, R., Graf, N., Grojean, C., Guindon, S., Haber, H., Han, T., Hanson, G., Harnik, R., Heinemeyer, S., Heintz, U., Hewett, J., Ilchenko, Y., Ishikawa, A., Ismail, A., Jain, V., Janot, P., Kanemura, S., Kawada, S., Kehoe, R., Klute, M., Kotwal, A., Krueger, K., Kukartsev, G., Kumar, K., Kunkle, J., Kurata, M., Lewis, I., Li, Y., Linssen, L., Lipeles, E., Lipton, R., Liss, T., List, J., Liu, T., Liu, Z., Low, I., Ma, T., Mackenzie, P., Mellado, B., Melnikov, K., Miyamoto, A., Moortgat-Pick, G., Mourou, G., Narain, M., Neal, H., Nielsen, J., Okada, N., Okawa, H., Olsen, J., Ono, H., Onyisi, P., Parashar, N., Peskin, M., Petriello, F., Plehn, T., Pollard, C., Potter, C., Prokofiev, K., Rauch, M., Rizzo, T., Robens, T., Rodriguez, V., Roloff, P., Ruiz, R., Sanz, V., Sayre, J., Shafi, Q., Shaughnessy, G., Sher, M., Simon, F., Solyak, N., Strube, J., Stupak, J., Su, S., Suehara, T., Tanabe, T., Tajima, T., Telnov, V., Tian, J., Thomas, S., Thomson, M., Tsumura, K., Un, C., Velasco, M., Wagner, C., Wang, S., Watanuki, S., Weiglein, G., Whitbeck, A., Yagyu, K., Yao, W., Yokoya, H., Zenz, S., Zerwas, D., Zhang, Y., Zhou, Y., Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Service de Physique Théorique (SPhT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire catalyse et spectrochimie (LCS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Atlas, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: 52 p.; International audience; This report summarizes the work of the Energy Frontier Higgs Boson working group of the 2013 Community Summer Study (Snowmass). We identify the key elements of a precision Higgs physics program and document the physics potential of future experimental facilities as elucidated during the Snowmass study. We study Higgs couplings to gauge boson and fermion pairs, double Higgs production for the Higgs self-coupling, its quantum numbers and $C\!P$-mixing in Higgs couplings, the Higgs mass and total width, and prospects for direct searches for additional Higgs bosons in extensions of the Standard Model. Our report includes projections of measurement capabilities from detailed studies of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC), a Gamma-Gamma Collider, the International Linear Collider (ILC), the Large Hadron Collider High-Luminosity Upgrade (HL-LHC), Very Large Hadron Colliders up to 100 TeV (VLHC), a Muon Collider, and a Triple-Large Electron Positron Collider (TLEP).
Published: 2013

30. Control of light polarization using optically spin-injected vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers

Author: Daniel Dolfi, H. Jaffrès, Arnaud Garnache, Ghaya Baili, Cyrile Deranlot, Frougier Julien, Mehdi Alouini, Isabelle Sagnes, J.-M. George, Unité mixte de physique CNRS/Thales (UMPhy CNRS/THALES), THALES [France]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES [France], Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de photonique et de nanostructures (LPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes (IES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Térahertz, hyperfréquence et optique (TéHO), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-THALES, THALES, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), business.industry, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Polarization (waves), Laser, 01 natural sciences, Vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting-laser, Semiconductor laser theory, law.invention, Optical pumping, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Lasing threshold, Quantum well, Circular polarization, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: We fabricated and characterized an optically pumped (100)-oriented InGaAs/GaAsP multiple quantum well Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VECSEL). The structure is designed to allow the integration of a Metal-Tunnel-Junction ferromagnetic spin-injector for future electrical injection. We report here the control at room temperature of the electromagnetic field polarization using optical spin injection in the active medium of the VECSEL. The switching between two highly circular polarization states had been demonstrated using an M-shaped extended cavity in multi-modes lasing. This result witnesses an efficient spin-injection in the active medium of the LASER.
Published: 2013

31. Structure of grains and grain boundaries in cryo-mechanically processed Ti alloy

Author: M. Veron, S. Murugesan, Martina Luysberg, S. Saroja, M. Vijayalakshmi, T. Jayakumar, E. Rauch, Arup Dasgupta, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Materials science, Misorientation, Mechanical Engineering, Alloy, 02 engineering and technology, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, engineering.material, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Crystallography, Mechanics of Materials, Transmission electron microscopy, 0103 physical sciences, Solid mechanics, engineering, Hardening (metallurgy), General Materials Science, Grain boundary, Composite material, Severe plastic deformation, 0210 nano-technology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Grain boundary strengthening
Abstract: A Ti5Ta1.8Nb alloy with the major phase as α (hcp) Ti has been subjected to severe plastic deformation by means of cryo-rolling. Significant grain refinement (from ~5 μm to ~60 nm) has been observed. The mechanism of grain refinement was studied by analysis of lattice strain variations with increase in cold work using XRD technique. Various intermediate stages, such as hardening, alignment of dislocations, cell formation and criticality before new grain formation, were identified. Formation of cells with dislocations alignment at the boundaries and then finally forming an ultra-fine grain structure was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy studies. Detailed grain boundary characterisation has been carried out using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies and crystallographic texture analysis. The grain-refined structure was found to possess a large fraction of high angle boundaries identified also as special boundaries by evaluating the misorientation angle/axis sets for a pair of adjacent grain boundaries.
Published: 2013

32. Extension of moment-method solutions to vector scattering by three-dimensional non-linear dielectric objects in free space

Author: Salvatore Caorsi, Andrea Massa, Matteo Pastorino, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Electromagnetic field, Numerical Analysis, Applied Mathematics, Numerical analysis, Mathematical analysis, General Engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Harmonic (mathematics), Geometry, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Integral equation, 010309 optics, Moment (mathematics), [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Nonlinear system, Algebraic equation, Bounded function, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics
Abstract: In this paper, we explore the possibility of applying the moment method to determine the electromagnetic field distributions inside three-dimensional bounded non-linear dielectric objects of arbitrary shapes. The moment method has usually been employed to solve linear scattering problems. We start with an integral equation formulation, and derive a non-linear system of algebraic equations that allows us to obtain an approximate solution for the harmonic vector components of the electric field. Preliminary results of some numerical simulations are reported.
Published: 1995

33. Processes of 30-90 days sea surface temperature variability in the northern Indian Ocean during boreal summer

Author: A. Jayakumar, Matthieu Lengaigne, Bhupendra Nath Goswami, Chellappan Gnanaseelan, Jérôme Vialard, Debasis Sengupta, Variabilité climatique tropicale et globale (VARCLIM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636))
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Air-sea interactions, Wind stress, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Intraseasonal variability, Monsoon, 01 natural sciences, Ekman transport, 14. Life underwater, Monsoon active and break phases, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 010505 oceanography, Advection, Ocean general circulation model, Sea surface temperature, Oceanography, Eddy, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Heat budget, Upwelling, Northern Indian Ocean, Geology
Abstract: During summer, the northern Indian Ocean exhibits significant atmospheric intraseasonal variability associated with active and break phases of the monsoon in the 30-90 days band. In this paper, we investigate mechanisms of the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) signature of this atmospheric variability, using a combination of observational datasets and Ocean General Circulation Model sensitivity experiments. In addition to the previously-reported intraseasonal SST signature in the Bay of Bengal, observations show clear SST signals in the Arabian Sea related to the active/break cycle of the monsoon. As the atmospheric intraseasonal oscillation moves northward, SST variations appear first at the southern tip of India (day 0), then in the Somali upwelling region (day 10), northern Bay of Bengal (day 19) and finally in the Oman upwelling region (day 23). The Bay of Bengal and Oman signals are most clearly associated with the monsoon active/break index, whereas the relationship with signals near Somali upwelling and the southern tip of India is weaker. In agreement with previous studies, we find that heat flux variations drive most of the intraseasonal SST variability in the Bay of Bengal, both in our model (regression coefficient, 0.9, against similar to 0.25 for wind stress) and in observations (0.8 regression coefficient); similar to 60% of the heat flux variation is due do shortwave radiation and similar to 40% due to latent heat flux. On the other hand, both observations and model results indicate a prominent role of dynamical oceanic processes in the Arabian Sea. Wind-stress variations force about 70-100% of SST intraseasonal variations in the Arabian Sea, through modulation of oceanic processes (entrainment, mixing, Ekman pumping, lateral advection). Our similar to 100 km resolution model suggests that internal oceanic variability (i.e. eddies) contributes substantially to intraseasonal variability at small-scale in the Somali upwelling region, but does not contribute to large-scale intraseasonal SST variability due to its small spatial scale and random phase relation to the active-break monsoon cycle. The effect of oceanic eddies; however, remains to be explored at a higher spatial resolution.
Published: 2012

34. Planar antenna array design with a multi-purpose GA-based procedure

Author: Salvatore Caorsi, Andrea Trucco, Andrea Massa, Stefano Piffer, Andrea Lommi, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Engineering, Reliability (computer networking), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Antenna array, Planar, 0103 physical sciences, Genetic algorithm, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 010301 acoustics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Function (mathematics), Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Weighting, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Antenna (radio), business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Algorithm, Microwave
Abstract: This paper deals with the synthesis of planar arrays. In the framework of iterative search procedures, a method based on a genetic algorithm (GA) is presented. Starting from the definition of a suitably defined cost function, thinning and weighting a randomly generated array configuration, the multi-purpose stochastic procedure is able to satisfy various antenna constraints to determines an optimal trade-off among contrasting requirements. In order to confirm the reliability of the proposed approach (also in comparison with the related literature), some highly optimized antenna array designs are reported and discussed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 35: 428–430, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10629
Published: 2002

35. Automatic Temporal Formatting of Multimedia Presentations Using Dynamic Petri Nets

Author: Lisa Mathew, K. S. Easwarakumar, Susan Elias, Richard Chbeir, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image ( Le2i ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6306] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Chbeir, Richard
Subjects: [ INFO.INFO-IR ] Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR], [INFO.INFO-WB] Computer Science [cs]/Web, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, [ INFO.INFO-WB ] Computer Science [cs]/Web, [SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Disk formatting, Presentation, [SCCO.COMP] Cognitive science/Computer science, Formal specification, Synchronization (computer science), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-DB] Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], Representation (mathematics), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, [ INFO.INFO-MM ] Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], [INFO.INFO-MM] Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], Multimedia, Programming language, [INFO.INFO-WB]Computer Science [cs]/Web, Process (computing), [INFO.INFO-MM]Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], 020207 software engineering, Petri net, [ INFO.INFO-DB ] Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], [INFO.INFO-IR]Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR], [ SCCO.COMP ] Cognitive science/Computer science, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-IR] Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR], computer
Abstract: An efficient authoring tool would provide support for automatic temporal formatting and modeling of multimedia presentations. Automatic temporal formatting is a process of converting the given presentation specifications into a required temporal format. This paper presents an algorithm that can convert a temporal layout into a dynamic petri net (DPN )w hich can represent iterative and interactive presentation components effectively. The prototype of the authoring tool extracts the temporal layout from any given SMIL file representation and uses the proposed algorithm to automatically convert it into a DPN. The DPN generated automatically at compile-time helps the run-time components in effectively playing out the presentation and it can also be used to verify the presentation specifications for several properties.
Published: 2009

36. Improving connectivity in vehicular ad hoc networks: an analytical study

Author: Yousefi, Saleh, Altman, Eitan, El-Azouzi, Rachid, Fathy, Mahmood, b Department of Computer Engineering Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, West Tehran Islamic Azad University [Tehran] (WTIAU), Models for the performance analysis and the control of networks (MAESTRO), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Laboratoire Informatique d'Avignon (LIA), Avignon Université (AU)-Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Informatique - CERI, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), and Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists
Subjects: [INFO]Computer Science [cs], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2008

37. Optimization of the difference patterns for monopulse antennas by a hybrid real/integer-coded differential evolution method

Author: Matteo Pastorino, Andrea Massa, Andrea Randazzo, Salvatore Caorsi, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mathematical optimization, Reconfigurable antenna, Optimization problem, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Evolved antenna, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Monopulse antennas, Function (mathematics), Evolutionary computation, law.invention, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, law, Differential evolution, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics, Integer (computer science)
Abstract: The optimization of difference patterns of monopulse antennas is considered. The synthesis problem is recast as an optimization problem by defining a suitable cost function. In particular, in this paper, the cost function is based on constraints on the side-lobe levels. A subarray configuration is adopted and the excitations of the difference pattern are approximately determined. The optimization problem is efficiently solved by a differential evolution algorithm, which is able to contemporarily handle real and integer unknowns. Numerical results are reported concerning classical array configurations previously considered in the literature.
Published: 2005

38. Detection of PEC elliptic cylinders by a memetic algorithm using real data

Author: Matteo Pastorino, Andrea Randazzo, Andrea Massa, Salvatore Caorsi, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mathematical optimization, Optimization problem, Scattering, Computer science, Computation, Evolutionary algorithm, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter Physics, 040401 food science, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Memetic algorithm, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Global optimization, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: A global optimization procedure for the electromagnetic detection of perfectly conducting elliptic cylinders is proposed. The method is based on an analytical solution for the forward-scattering computation. The problem is recast as an optimization problem by constructing a suitable functional, which is minimized by using an efficient memetic algorithm. The solution is validated by using real data obtained from a prototype of an imaging system based on the modulated scattering technique. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 271–273, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20442
Published: 2004

39. Analysis of the stability and robustness of the iterative multi-scaling approach for microwave imaging applications

Author: Caorsi, Salvatore, Donelli, Massimo, Massa, Andrea, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), University of Trento [Trento], Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2004

40. A versatile enhanced genetic algorithm for planar array design

Author: Francesco G. B. De Natale, Davide Franceschini, Salvatore Caorsi, Massimo Donelli, Andrea Massa, Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), University of Trento [Trento], Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Fitness function, Computer simulation, Computer science, Numerical analysis, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Planar array, General Physics and Astronomy, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Function (mathematics), Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Antenna array, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Aperiodic graph, Genetic algorithm, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: In order to synthesize planar, sparse, and aperiodic arrays, a numerical procedure based on an enhanced genetic algorithm is proposed. The method maximizes a suitably defined single-objective fitness function iteratively acting on the states and the weights of the elements of the array. Such a cost function is related to the shape of the desired beam pattern, to the number of active elements and to others user-defined array-pattern constraints. To preliminarily assess the effectiveness of the approach, selected numerical experiments are performed. The obtained results seem to confirm its feasibility. Moreover, given the heterogeneity of the test benchmarks, the versatility is pointed out as a key-feature of the implemented methodology.
Published: 2004

41. Location and imaging of two-dimensional scatterers by using a Particle Swarm algorithm

Author: Massimo Donelli, Andrea Massa, Salvatore Caorsi, Andrea Lommi, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), University of Trento [Trento], Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Scattering, business.industry, Computer science, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition, General Physics and Astronomy, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, Iterative reconstruction, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Term (time), [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Optics, Microwave imaging, Particle swarm algorithm, Robustness (computer science), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering
Abstract: In this paper, a microwave imaging method for reconstructing two-dimensional dielectric scatterers is presented. Starting from an integral formulation of the electromagnetic scattering phenomena, the method is aimed at determining the dielectric profile of the scatterer under test by means of an innovative particle swarm algorithm. In order to preliminary assess the effectiveness of the proposed method, some numerical experiments are carried out in noiseless as well as in noisy conditions. The obtained results confirm the capabilities of the proposed method in term of reconstruction accuracy and robustness.
Published: 2004

42. Electromagnetic imaging of penetrable configurations by means of a GA/CG method

Author: Andrea Massa, Salvatore Caorsi, Matteo Pastorino, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Biconjugate gradient method, Mathematical optimization, Iterative method, Applied Mathematics, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Derivation of the conjugate gradient method, Condensed Matter Physics, Nonlinear conjugate gradient method, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Conjugate gradient method, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Conjugate residual method, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Gradient descent, Instrumentation, Gradient method, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics
Abstract: The genetic algorithm is an important tool in image formation and processing. In the present paper, the genetic algorithm is used in conjunction with a conjugate gradient method as a tool for electromagnetic imaging of dielectric targets. The genetic algorithm is in principle able to reach the global minimum of the “fitness function” resulting from the fitting of the exact measured data with the field-scattered data corresponding to the parameters of the current “image” of the object under test. The conjugate gradient is used to enhance the convergence of the iterative method near the solution. In the following, the formulation of the new approach is described and a numerical assessment about robustness and effectiveness of the method is presented.
Published: 2004

43. Numerical evaluation of nonlinear effects on the attenuation constant in HTS transmission lines by using an enhanced two-fluid model

Author: Salvatore Caorsi, Matteo Pastorino, Andrea Massa, Massimo Donelli, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), and University of Trento [Trento]
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Physics, business.industry, Numerical analysis, Attenuation, General Physics and Astronomy, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Microstrip, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Computational physics, Magnetic field, Nonlinear system, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Electric power transmission, Optics, Transmission line, Attenuation coefficient, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: In this paper, superconducting transmission lines are analyzed by means of a numerical method which takes into account the experimentally-verified numerical dependence to the magnetic field. In particular, in the framework of the classical electro-dynamics, the high-temperature superconducting material is described by recurring to an enhanced two-fluid model. Striplines and microstrip lines are considered and the attenuation constants of these guiding structures are computed by assuming quadratic and cubic nonlinearities.
Published: 2004

44. Linear antenna synthesis with a hybrid genetic algorithm

Author: Francesco G. B. De Natale, Massimo Donelli, Andrea Massa, Salvatore Caorsi, Matteo Pastorino, Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), University of Trento [Trento], Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Flexibility (engineering), Mathematical optimization, Radiation, Optimization problem, Meta-optimization, Iterative method, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter Physics, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Linear arrays, Genetic algorithm, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Antenna (radio), Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics
Abstract: An optimization problem for designing non-uniformly spaced, linear arrays is formulated and solved by means of an improved genetic algorithm (IGA) procedure. The proposed iterative method aims at array thinning and optimization of element positions and weights by minimizing the side-lobes level. Selected examples are included, which demonstrate the effectiveness and the design flexibility of the proposed method in the framework of electromagnetic synthesis of linear arrays.
Published: 2004

45. Electromagnetic detection of dielectric scatterers using phaseless synthetic and real data and the Memetic algorithm

Author: Matteo Pastorino, Andrea Massa, Andrea Randazzo, Salvatore Caorsi, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Mathematical optimization, Iterative method, Computation, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Experimental data, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Inverse problem, Electromagnetic radiation, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Microwave imaging, Inverse scattering problem, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Memetic algorithm, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering
Abstract: Phaseless data are used to evaluate the application of an electromagnetic inverse-scattering-based procedure for the detection of cylindrical inhomogeneities, which are schematized as multilayer infinite dielectric cylinders with elliptic cross sections. The electromagnetic inverse problem is recast as a global optimization problem and iteratively solved by an efficient memetic algorithm, which combines deterministic and stochastic concepts. Moreover, a recursive analytical procedure is used for the forward-scattering computation. The possibility of localizing and reconstructing the scatterers by using phaseless input data, which would greatly simplify the design of the imaging apparatus, is evaluated both with reference to synthetically produced data and by means of experimental data obtained by a microwave tomograph.
Published: 2003

46. A comparative study of NN and SVM-based electromagnetic inverse scattering approaches for on-line detection of buried objects

Author: Caorsi, Salvatore, Anguita, Davide, Bermani, Emanuela, Boni, Andrea, Donelli, Massimo, Massa, Andrea, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), University of Trento [Trento], Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2003

47. An innovative real-time technique for buried object detection

Author: Andrea Massa, E. Bermani, Salvatore Caorsi, A. Boni, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Artificial neural network, business.industry, Computer science, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Inverse problem, Object (computer science), Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Object detection, Support vector machine, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Inverse scattering problem, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Noise (video), Artificial intelligence, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, computer, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering
Abstract: A new online inverse scattering methodology is proposed. The original problem is recast into a regression estimation and successively solved by means of a support vector machine (SVM). Although the approach can be applied to various inverse scattering applications, it is very suitable for dealing with buried object detection. The application of SVMs to the solution of such problems is firstly illustrated. Then some examples, concerning the localization of a given object from scattered field data acquired at a number of measurement points, are presented. The effectiveness of the SVM method is evaluated in comparison with classical neural network based approaches.
Published: 2003

48. A new methodology based on an iterative multi-scaling for microwave imaging

Author: Salvatore Caorsi, Davide Franceschini, Andrea Massa, Massimo Donelli, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), University of Trento [Trento], Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Electromagnetic field, Physics, Permittivity, Radiation, Iterative method, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Iterative reconstruction, Inverse problem, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Microwave imaging, Test case, 0103 physical sciences, Inverse scattering problem, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: In this paper, the problem of the localization, shaping, and dielectric permittivity reconstruction of dielectric targets is addressed. The scatterers under test are inhomogeneous cylinders of arbitrary cross sections probed by a set of incident electromagnetic fields of TM type. The scattered field data are processed in order to locate and roughly recover the objects' shapes. The scatterers under test are then reconstructed with an increasing accuracy by means of an iterative multiscaling procedure until stationary reconstructions are achieved. The proposed method is presented jointly with a modified conjugate-gradient inversion procedure in order to minimize the rising cost function. However, this methodology is independent from the minimization algorithm, and other and more efficient algorithms can be used. In order to assess the effectiveness of the iterative multiscaling method, the results of several test cases (with and without noise) are presented and discussed in more detail.
Published: 2003

49. Reconstruction algorithms for electromagnetic imaging

Author: Matteo Pastorino, Andrea Randazzo, Salvatore Caorsi, Andrea Massa, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Computer science, Forward scatter, Iterative method, Computation, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Dielectric, 02 engineering and technology, Iterative reconstruction, symbols.namesake, Genetic algorithm, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Mathematics, Tomographic reconstruction, Series (mathematics), 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Function (mathematics), Inverse problem, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Mathieu function, symbols, Memetic algorithm, Tomography, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Algorithm, Microwave
Abstract: Two algorithms for image reconstruction in electromagnetic imaging are proposed. The first approach concerns the application of a hybrid version of the genetic algorithm to tomographic imaging of dielectric configurations. In the second approach, buried inhomogeneities are schematized as multilayer infinite dielectric cylinders with elliptic cross sections. An efficient recursive analytical procedure is used for the forward scattering computation. A cost function is constructed in which the field is expressed in a series solution of Mathieu functions. Starting with the input scattered data, the iterative minimization of the function is performed by a new optimization method called a memetic algorithm.
Published: 2002

50. An iterative multi-resolution approach for microwave imaging applications

Author: Salvatore Caorsi, Andrea Massa, Massimo Donelli, Davide Franceschini, Association of Computer Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE), Institute of Doctors Engineers and Scientists, Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science (ELEDIA Research Group), University of Trento [Trento], Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Computer science, Iterative method, Resolution (electron density), Process (computing), 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, Iterative reconstruction, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Domain (software engineering), 010309 optics, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Microwave imaging, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Microwave, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: In this letter, an iterative method for microwave imaging applications is presented. According to an iterative multistep procedure, the object under test is located and successively reconstructed with an increasing accuracy. At each step of the multistep process, the center and the area (to which the scatterer belongs) of a reduced investigation domain are estimated. Then a finer resolution for the unknown dielectric profile is used only for the reduced searching region. The process is repeated until a “stationary” reconstruction is reached. The proposed approach is preliminarily assessed by means of data synthetically generated concerning a dielectric two-dimensional scatterer. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 352–356, 2002.
Published: 2002

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