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Novel dimethyl and dimethoxy ring-substituted isobutyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2CH(CH3)2 (where R is 2,3-dimethyl, 2,4-dimethyl, 3,5-dimethyl, 2,3-dimethoxy, 2,4-dimethoxy, 2,5-dimethoxy, 2,6-dimethoxy, 3,4-dimethoxy, 3,5-dimethoxy) were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-disubstituted benzaldehydes and isobutyl cyanoacetate and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. The acrylates were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis and the structures were analyzed by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR.

Objetivo: comparar el gasto en alimentos de baja calidad nutricional (ABCN), de los hogares de Sonora y a nivel nacional de acuerdo con su decil de ingreso. Metodología: con base en la llamada Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares (ENIGH 2016-2018) y mediante la técnica estadística ANOVA de un solo factor, se busca determinar las diferencias del gasto de los hogares entre los distintos deciles socioeconómicos. Para la selección de alimentos de baja calidad nutricional se utilizaron los criterios propuestos por Darmon y Drewnosky (2008), y el aporte energético de los alimentos de Ledwike et al (2006). Resultados: se encontraron diferencias significativas que muestran que los hogares con deciles bajos gastan más en ABCN que los deciles altos. Sonora tiene un consumo alto en alimentos como galletas y botanas. En tanto el gasto en refrescos es homogéneo en todos los deciles socioeconómicos. Limitaciones: la ENIGH solo permite estudiar el gasto en productos energéticos, no permite establecer conclusiones sobre cuantas kilocalorías consume la población. Conclusiones: el gasto en alimentos de baja calidad nutricional es significativo entre los hogares de bajos ingresos y se adecua a los resultados encontrados por Darmon y Drewnosky en otros países europeos.

Novel styrene copolymers with ring-substituted ethyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2C2H5 (where R is 2-ethyl, 2-ethoxy, 4-benzyloxy, 2,3-dimethyl) were prepared in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis, being between 18.3 and 42.3 mol% of the acrylate monomer units.

A novel protocol for the preparation of functionalized 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (ABCN) derivatives from 3-formylchromones, enaminones, and heterocyclic ketene aminals (HKAs) through an unprecedented cascade reaction has been developed by simply refluxing the mixture of the substrates 1-3. As a result, a series of ABCNs were produced through a very complex cascade reaction. This protocol can be used in the synthesis of ABCNs that are suitable for combinatorial and parallel syntheses of ABCN natural-like products in a one-pot reaction.

Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, ring-monosubstituted octyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2(CH2)6CH3 (where R is 2-(4-chlorophenoxy), 3-(4-methoxyphenoxy), 4-(4-methoxyphenoxy), 4-acetoxy, 4-acetamido, 4-cyano, 4-dimethylamino, 4-diethylamino, 2-bromo, 3-bromo, 2-trifluoromethyl, 3-trifluoromethyl, 4-trifluoromethyl, 3-trifluoromethoxy, 4-trifluoromethoxy) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The ethylenes were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted benzaldehydes and octyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis.

Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, dichloro and difluoro ring-substituted octyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2(CH2)6CH3 (where R is 2,3-dichloro, 2,4-dichloro, 2,5-dichloro, 2,6-dichloro, 3,4-dichloro, 2,3-difluoro, 2,4-difluoro, 2,5-difluoro, 2,6-difluoro, 3,4-difluoro, 3,5-difluoro) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The ethylenes were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted benzaldehydes and octyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis.

Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, fluoro, methyl and methoxy ring-disubstituted octyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2(CH2)6CH3 (where R is 2-fluoro-3-methoxy, 2-fluoro-4-methoxy, 2-fluoro-5-methoxy, 2-fluoro-6-methoxy, 3-fluoro-4-methoxy, 4-fluoro-3-methoxy, 2-fluoro-5-methyl, 2-fluoro-6-methyl, 3-fluoro-4-methyl, 4-fluoro-2-methyl, 4-fluoro-3-methyl) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The ethylenes were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted benzaldehydes and octyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis.

Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, dimethyl and dimethoxy ring-substituted octyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2(CH2)6CH3 (where R is 2,3-dimethyl, 2,4-dimethyl, 2,5-dimethyl, 2,6-dimethyl, 3,4-dimethyl, 3,5-dimethyl, 2,3-dimethoxy, 2,4-dimethoxy, 2,5-dimethoxy, 2,6-dimethoxy, 3,4-dimethoxy, 3,5-dimethoxy) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The ethylenes were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-disubstituted benzaldehydes and octyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis.

Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, methyl and methoxy ring-trisubstituted 2-methoxyethyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2CH2OCH3 (where R is 2,3-dimethyl-4-methoxy, 2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy, 2,4-dimethoxy-6-methyl, 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy, 4-hydoxy-3,5-dimethyl, 2,3,4-trimethoxy, 2,4,5-trimethoxy, 2,4,6-trimethoxy, 3,4,5-trimethoxy) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The ethylenes were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted benzaldehydes and 2-methoxyethyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis.

Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, methyl and methoxy ring-disubstituted 2-methoxyethyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2CH2OCH3 (where R is 2,3-dimethyl, 2,4-dimethyl, 2,5-dimethyl, 2,6-dimethyl, 3,4-dimethyl, 3,5-dimethyl, 2,3-dimethoxy, 2,4-dimethoxy, 2,5-dimethoxy, 2,6-dimethoxy, 3,4-dimethoxy, 3,5-dimethoxy) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The ethylenes were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted benzaldehydes and 2-methoxyethyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis.

Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, ring-substituted 2-methoxyethyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2CH2OCH3 (where R is 2-benzyloxy, 3-benzyloxy, 4-benzyloxy, 3-(4-methylphenyl), 4-(4-methylphenyl), 4-acetoxy, 2-acetyl, 3-acetyl, 4-acetamido, 2-cyano, 3-cyano, 4-cyano, 4-dimethylamino, 4-diethylamino) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The ethylenes were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted benzaldehydes and 2-methoxyethyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis.

Novel oxy ring-trisubstituted isobutyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2CH(CH3)2 , where R is 2-ethyl, 4-(4-bromophenoxy), 2-(4-chlorophenoxy), 2-(4-fluorophenoxy), 4-(4-methoxyphenoxy), 3-(4-methylphenyl), 4-(4-methylphenyl), 4-acetoxy, 2,5-dimethyl were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted benzaldehydes and isobutyl cyanoacetate and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. The acrylates were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis.

Novel ring-disubstituted isobutyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2CH(CH3)2 (where R is 2,5-dibromo, 3,5-dibromo, 2,3-dichloro, 2,4-dichloro, 2,5-dichloro, 2,6-dichloro, 3,4-dichloro, 3,5-dichloro) were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-disubstituted benzaldehydes and isobutyl cyanoacetate and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. The acrylates were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis.

Novel oxy ring-disubstituted isobutyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2CH(CH3)2 (where R is 4-methoxy-2-methyl, 4-methoxy-3-methyl, 3-ethoxy-4-methoxy, 4-ethoxy-3-methoxy, 3,4-dibenzyloxy, 2-benzyloxy-3-methoxy, 3-benzyloxy-4-methoxy, 2,3-methylenedioxy) were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-disubstituted benzaldehydes and isobutyl cyanoacetate and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. The acrylates were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis and the structures were analyzed by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR.

Novel chloro and fluoro ring-disubstituted isopropyl 3-phenyl-2-cyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH(CH3)2 (where R is 2-chloro-4-fluoro, 2-chloro-6-fluoro, 3-chloro-2-fluoro, 3-chloro-4-fluoro, 4-chloro-3-fluoro) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The acrylates were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-disubstituted benzaldehydes and isopropyl cyanoacetate and characterized by CHN elemental analysis, IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR. All the acrylates were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C. The composition of the copolymers was calculated from nitrogen analysis, and the structures were analyzed by IR, 1H and 13C-NMR, GPC, DSC, and TGA.

Ambient backscatter is a promising solution for future Internet of Things (IoT) composed of massive low-power wireless devices without external power sources. It is challenging to accommodate these devices with high throughput and long range because of the low efficiency inherent in ambient backscatter. To tackle the challenging issue, we propose an optimum modulation and coding scheme (MCS) for ambient backscatter communication networks (ABCN). We model and analyze the ABCN embedded by semi-passive tags with M-ary modulation and full-duplex WiFi access points as reader. The coverage and network capacity are derived, by which the effect of various system parameters including reflection coefficient, code rate, and cluster size is investigated. It is shown that the optimum MCS for the ABCN will provide highly increased throughput and range for future IoT networks and smart home/office.

Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, ring-substituted propyl 2-cyano-3-phenyl-2-propenoates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2C3H7 (where R is 2,3,6-trichloro, 2,3,4-trifluoro, 2,3,5-trifluoro, 2,4,5-trifluoro, 2,4,6-trifluoro, 3,4,5-trifluoro) were prepared by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-trisubstituted benzaldehydes and propyl cyanoacetate. The ethylenes when copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C resulted in formation of copolymers. The composition of the copolymers was calculated from nitrogen analysis. The structures and properties were characterized by IR, 1H and 13C-NMR, GPC, DSC, and TGA.

This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in Muradnagar Upazila, Comilla district to see the effectiveness of NNP-ABCN (Area Based Community Nutrition) interventions on reducing under-two child malnutrition (0-23 months) and establish whether there is any significant difference from the non-operational area. A total of 240 households, of which 120 were from the NNP project area with children aged between 0-23 months were randomly selected. In households with more than one child at this age category, the last child was selected. Indices of nutritional status that is weight-for-age, length-for-age and weight-for-length were computed for the measurement of nutritional status. Analysis of nutritional status data show that the prevalence of underweight (

Novel copolymers of trisubstituted ethylene monomers, ring-substituted 1,1-dicyano-2-(1-naphthyl)ethylenes, RC10H6CH˭C(CN)2 (where R is H, 2-OCH3, 4-OCH3) and 4-fluorostyrene were prepared by solution copolymerization in the presence of a radical initiator (ABCN) at 70°C. The composition of the copolymers was calculated from nitrogen analysis, and the structures were analyzed by IR, 1H and 13C-NMR. The order of relative reactivity (1/r 1) for the monomers is (5.86) > 2-CH3O (4.28) > 4-CH3O (2.87). Relatively high Tg of the copolymers in comparison with that of poly(4-fluorostyrene) indicates a decrease in chain mobility of the copolymer due to the high dipolar character of the trisubstituted ethylene monomer unit. Decomposition of the copolymers in nitrogen occurred in two steps, first in the 200–500°C range with residue (7.3–7.7% wt.), which then decomposed in the 500–800°C range.

Novel copolymers of ring-trisubstituted 2-phenyl-1,1-dicyanoethylenes, RC6H2CH = C(CN)2 (where R is 2,3-(CH3)2–4-CH3O, 2,5-(CH3)2–4-CH3O, 2,4-(CH3O)2–3-CH3, 2,3,4-(CH3O)3, 2,4,5-(CH3O)3, 2,4,6-(CH3O)3, 3,4,5-(CH3O)3, 5-Br-2,4-(CH3O)2, 6-Br-3,4-(CH3O)2) and styrene were prepared by solution copolymerization in the presence of a radical initiator (ABCN) at 70°C. The composition of the copolymers was calculated from nitrogen analysis, and the structures were analyzed by IR, 1H and 13C-NMR. The order of relative reactivity (1/r 1) for the monomers is 6-Br-3,4-(CH3O)2 (5.5) > 5-Br-2,4-(CH3O)2 (3.2) > 2,4,6-(CH3O)3 (2.4) > 2,4,5-(CH3O)3 (2.3) > 3,4,5-(CH3O)3 (2.2) > 2,3,4-(CH3O)3 (2.1) > 2,4-(CH3O)2–3-CH3 (1.2) > 2,5-(CH3)2–4-CH3O (0.9) > 2,3-(CH3)2–4-CH3O (0.7). Relatively high Tg of the copolymers in comparison with that of polystyrene indicates a decrease in chain mobility of the copolymer due to the high dipolar character of the trisubstituted ethylene monomer unit. Decomposition of the copolymers in nitrog...

Novel copolymers of trisubstituted ethylene monomers, ring-substituted 2-phenyl-1,1-dicyanoethylenes, RC6H4CH = C(CN)2 (where R is 2-F, 2-CN, 3-CN, 4-CN, 3-C6H5O, 4-C6H5O, 2-C6H5CH2O, 3-C6H5CH2O, 4-C6H5CH2O, 4-CH3CO2, 4-CH3CONH, 4-(CH3)2N) and styrene were prepared by solution copolymerization in the presence of a radical initiator (ABCN) at 70°C. The composition of the copolymers was calculated from nitrogen analysis, and the structures were analyzed by IR, 1H and 13C-NMR. The order of relative reactivity (1/r 1) for the monomers is 4-(CH3)2N (3.35) > 4-C6H5CH2O (3.1) > 2-C6H5CH2O (1.77) > 3-C6H5CH2O (1.72) > 4-C6H5O (1.70) > 4-CH3CO2 (1.58) > 2-F (1.11) > 3-C6H5O (0.90) > 3-CN (0.88) > 2-CN (0.86) > 4-CH3CONH (0.84) > 4-CN (0.76). Relatively high Tg of the copolymers in comparison with that of polystyrene indicates a decrease in chain mobility of the copolymer due to the high dipolar character of the trisubstituted ethylene monomer unit. Decomposition of the copolymers in nitrogen occurred in two steps,...

Novel copolymers of trisubstituted ethylene monomers, fluorine ring-substituted 2-phenyl-1,1-dicyanoethenes, RC6H4CH[dbnd]C(CN)2 (where R is 2-F, 3-F, and 4-F) and 4-fluorostyrene were prepared at equimolar monomer feed composition by solution copolymerization in the presence of a radical initiator (ABCN) at 70°C. The composition of the copolymers was calculated from nitrogen analysis, and the structures were analyzed by IR, 1H and 13C-NMR. High T g of the copolymers, in comparison with that of poly(4-fluorostyrene) indicates a substantial decrease in chain mobility of the copolymer due to the high dipolar character of the trisubstituted ethylene monomer unit. The gravimetric analysis indicated that the copolymers decomposed in two stages in the range 210–600°C.

Copolymerization of 2-phenyl-1,1-dicyanoethylene (PDE) with 4-fluorostyrene and pentafluorostyrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C yielded random copolymers with PDE alternating units. The composition of the copolymers was calculated from nitrogen analysis and the structure was analyzed by IR, 1H and 13C-NMR. The order of relative reactivity (1/r1) and the tendency toward alternation of monomer units in the copolymer for these two monomers, is 4-fluorostyrene (1.96) > pentafluorostyrene (0.51). Higher glass transition temperature of the copolymers in comparison with that of homopolymers indicates a decrease in chain mobility of the copolymer due to the high dipolar character of the trisubstituted ethylene monomer unit.

In this paper, we use tools from decision theory to evaluate the effectiveness of the current psychology board certification process used by the American Board of Clinical Neuropsychology (ABCN). These analyses indicate that ABCN's current process is likely to be failing to certify too many competently trained candidates, and identifying relatively few truly competent neuropsychologists. In fact, we estimate that ABCN is only certifying between 16 and 52% of competent clinical neuropsychologists. This is in contrast to the processes of the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS), after which ABCN has indicated that it models its examination. ABMS estimates that 89% of all practicing physicians are board-certified by one of their member boards. Based on our analyses, specific recommendations for change are offered for credentialing the profession of neuropsychology.

This paper updates neuropsychologists on the process of obtaining board certification in clinical neuropsychology through the American Board of Clinical Neuropsychology (ABCN), a specialty board operating under the auspices of the American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPP). At this time, the ABPP and ABCN have certified 406 clinical neuropsychologists, which makes it the largest board-certification organization in clinical neuropsychology. This article details the advantages of board certification through the ABCN and the four steps which must be passed in order to obtain board certification. These steps are: credential review, written examination, work sample, and oral examination.

Changes in the policies and procedures since 1990 for examination for the diplomate in Clinical Neuropsychology by the American Board of Clinical Neuropsychology (ABCN) are reviewed. Facts, figures, and answers to commonly asked questions about the examination and the organization of ABCN are also provided. Instructions for application and for obtaining further information are furnished.

Treatment of N-(o-bromobenzyl)anilines with 1-3 equivalent amounts of n-tributyltinhydride, in the presence of 0.5 to 0.6b mol equiv. of AIBN, results in the formation of phenanthridines in good yields. The mechanism of the oxidation step is probed with a deuterated aniline derivative and azobiscyclohexylcarbanonitrile (ABCN) as the initiator. It is shown that the carbon centred radical derived from the latter does not act as the hydrogen abstracting species.

Protocol for the establishment of the Argentino-Brazilian Centre of Nanotechnology (ABCN) between the Argentine Republic and the Federative Republic of Brazil. Puerto Iguazu, 30 November 2005

Research productivity of counseling psychologists with credentials in clinical neuropsychology were examined. Eighteen were ABPP/ABCN Diplomates, Division 40 Fellows, or both. They published an average of 3.06 (SD = 4.82; range = 0 to 20) neuropsychologically relevant, first-authored articles over the past 5 years. When counseling psychologists were compared to a random sample of ABPP/ABCN diplomates with doctoral degrees in other areas of psychology, no reliable differences emerged between the groups in age, research productivity, or number of years between graduation and receipt of the ABPP/ABCN diploma. Research contributions of neuropsychologists with degrees in counseling psychology are comparable to those of ABPP/ABCN diplomates who were trained in other areas of psychology (e.g., clinical, developmental, and physiological). © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 54: 781–783, 1998.

Foram analisados o consumo diário de matéria seca (MS) por 100kg de peso vivo (CMS), a conversão alimentar (CA) e o ganho de peso médio diário (GMD) de 118 machos bovinos inteiros Canchim (Cn), Aberdeen Angus (Ab) e cruzamentos recíprocos (CnAb (F1, 3/4Cn+1/4Ab, 5/8Cn+3/8Ab e 11/16Cn+5/16Ab) e AbCn (F1, 5/8Ab+3/8Cn e 11/16Ab+5/16Cn)). Esses animais foram alimentados em baias individuais por 84 a 95 dias com silagem de milho à vontade mais concentrado (17,8% de PB e 79% de NDT) fornecido à base de 1% do peso vivo do animal por dia. As características foram analisadas por um modelo que incluiu os efeitos fixos de ano do confinamento, grupo genético, período e ano x período e o efeito aleatório de animal dentro de grupo genético dentro de ano. A relação MS do concentrado:MS da silagem foi incluída como co-variável no modelo. Posteriormente, as características foram analisadas por um modelo de regressão que incluiu coeficientes representando as frações esperadas de Ab nos genótipos dos animais e das mães e as heterozigoses individual e materna. As médias para CMS, CA e GMD foram 2,44kg de MS/100kg de PV/dia, 6,97kg de MS/kg de GMD e 1,435kg/dia, respectivamente. O grupo genético influenciou o CMS (P

In 1989 the Association of British Clinical Neurophysiologists (ABCN) expressed concern about the standards of spinal cord monitoring in the UK. There was also uncertainty about how much monitoring was actually going on during scoliosis and who was doing it. As a result, in 1990 a Joint Working Party was set up by the British Scoliosis Society (BSS) and the ABCN to evaluate the current state of cord monitoring in the UK and to produce an agreed ‘Code of Practice’.