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The taxonomic structure of the macrozoobenthos of 11 springs of the Grodno region has been established. There were identified 53 lower definable taxon (LDT) belonging to 4 types of aquatic invertebrates: Platyhelminthes – 1 LDT, Mollusca – 10, Annelida – 5, Arthropoda – 37 LDT. Among the identified animals, 23 species were first noted for the springs of the Grodno region. The fauna of the studied aquatic invertebrates of the springs of the Grodno region represented by rare and protected species of animals not only in Belarus, but also in Europe. Springs are a special type of natural reservoirs, which are inhabited by a specific fauna – one of the important components of the overall biological diversity of water bodies in Belarus. The most species of the fauna of the studied springs is formed by species exhibiting cryophilic properties, some of these animals are obvious relics of the Ice Age. The ways of penetration of these species into the modern fauna of Belarus are also not yet fully understood.

The article presents the results of a long-term assessment of the adaptive potential of breeding forms of tea plants cultivated in the natural and climatic conditions of the North-Western Caucasus (the Republic of Adygea) in order to select the most promising samples from the existing gene pool and use them to breed local highly adaptive varieties. In the course of studying adaptability, generally accepted methods have been used, including the «Program and Methodology for the Study of Fruit, Berry and Nut Crops», 1999 and «Determining the Resistance of Fruit and Berry Crops to Cold Season Stressors in Field and Controlled Conditions», 2002. Meteorological and climatic features of the tea growing area have been analyzed, weather conditions compared with the biorhythms of introduced plants, their influence on the state and productivity of tea noted. Correlation relationships between the temperature factor and the onset of the development phase of tea plants have been characterized. As a result, data have been obtained on the winter hardiness of the studied forms for various components, resistance to excess and lack of heat, and the characteristics of the growth and development of tea plants in various weather conditions and against the background of various regeneration processes have been analyzed. To accelerate the determination of the viability of the conducting system, the authors carried out the growth of damaged shoots at room temperature and presented in the article the results of observations that made it possible to see hidden local tissue damage and characterize their types. The most adaptive forms are AF-3 and AF-5, which show the best resistance to damaging environmental factors, have a high regenerative capacity and can provide a good harvest of green tea leaves for the sustainable development of tea growing in Adygea.

The paper presents the results of a study of the chemical composition of the formation waters of the Lower Cretaceous, Jurassic and Paleozoic deposits of two oil fields of the Krasnoleninsky dome of Western Siberia. It is shown that the content of barium in formation waters of the fields is 35–78 mg/dm3, which is an order of magnitude higher than its content in most reservoir brines with a mineralization of about 80 to 260 g/dm3, while the mineralization of the studied reservoir waters does not exceed 16–18 g/dm3. In the waters of the rocks of the Jurassic age, an advancing accumulation of barium was noted, in relation to strontium and almost equal to the calcium content, which was reflected in the Ca:Sr:Ba ratio, which was 100:10:100, while for most reservoir brines and ocean water this ratio is 100:10:0.01. Such an anomalously high content of barium in relation to the salinity of formation waters can be explained by its entry into the sedimentation basin as part of deep thermal waters.

The paper presents the pore waters composition’s experimental results in the northeastern part of the Barents Sea. The pore water contains Cl–, Na+, SO4 2– and Mg2+ as dominant components and is quite similar to the Barents Seawater composition. For the first time, we measured the cation exchange capacity of (13.98-35.50 meq/100 g) and the exchanging cations composition (Na+>Mg2+>Ca2+>K+) of bottom sediments. We find that most of the sampled pore water (near 90%) have marine nature, and only near 10% is slightly transformed with sulfate reduction processes due to the diagenesis. We measure that the rare earth elements (REE) content in pore water is up to 1.589 μg/L with their content in sediments up to 144.051 mg/kg, negative cerium and positive europium anomalies are observed both in the pore waters and in bottom sediments. We calculated using PHREEQC that pore water undersaturated to gypsum and halite and supersaturated to calcite and dolomite, which may precipitate in deposits during diagenesis.

The article discusses the fundamental possibilities of using the results of geochemical and hydrogeochemical studies of organic matter, oils and waters in oil and gas geology, including for objects at the stage of development. It is shown that complex geochemical studies of oils and waters make it possible to get more correct conclusions about the presence or absence of fluid-dynamic connectivity of different horizons. Studies of organic matter and oils allow (by basin modeling instrument) to understand the contribution of different source rocks to formation of oils of different reservoirs. Hydrogeochemical studies of associated waters and waters used in the reservoir pressure maintenance system in a complex of works not only actively complements the knowledge about the presence or absence of fluid-dynamic connections between reservoirs and production objects, but also make it possible to predict, for example, salt deposition on equipment and in the reservoirs, and therefore allow you to prevent the possibility of unwanted salt deposition. The conclusions are based on the results of comprehensive geological and geochemical studies carried out by the authors for one of the deposits of the Krasnoleninsky arch of Western Siberia, which is at the development stage, as well as on the previous experience of the authors.

The article substantiates the need to preserve and replenish the gene pool of subtropical, southern fruit crops and flower-decorative plants in the foothill zone of the North-West Caucasus. In the conditions of the Republic of Adygea such a collection was created for the first time. The complete list of plants studied in the Adygh branch of the FSBSI ARSRIFSC is given, including tea, persimmon, unabi, pawpaw, walnut, hazel, hazelnuts, chestnuts, pecans, apple trees, Kuril tea, flower crops, etc., growing in the collection sites of the Adygh branch of FSBSI ARSRIFSC. The gene pool of fruit is replenished annually: in 2019, the number of unabi variety was increased by five plants, in 2018 walnut-bearing plants were increased due to 1 new variety of hazelnuts «Golovskaya club-shaped» and 1 decorative carmine-red form of hazel. The gene pool of flower and ornamental crops was increased in 2019, including 2 species and 72 varieties.The article describes the subtropical, southern fruit crops and flower-decorative plants from the gene pool of the Adygh branch, which is represented by 159 samples. The results of assessing the state of crops in the conditions of the branch showed that the death of plants due to adverse climatic conditions was not observed. In the foothills of the North-West Caucasus there is great potential for cultivating unconventional fruit and flower-decorative crops from the gene pool of the Adygea branch.

The differential scanning calorimetry and the method of cooling curves are used to obtain data on liquidus temperatures of oxide-chloride systems Gd2O3 – K Cl - GdCl3. The solubility of gadolinium oxide in K Cl - GdCl3 melts has been studied. This information can be used for a developing process of the reduction of solid rare-earth oxides into their metals in molten salts.

The thermal analysis of the oxide–chloride systems GdCl3–Gd2O3 and GdCl3–KCl–Gd2O3 with the Gd2O3 content up to 0.09 mol fractions was studied in the temperature range 298–1173 K using two methods: differential scanning calorimetry and the method of cooling curves. The liquidus temperatures in these systems have been determined. The solubility of the oxide and the thermodynamic characteristics of the dissolution process were calculated. It was established experimentally that the dissolution of Gd2O3 proceeds by a chemical mechanism, with the formation of GdOCl oxychloride. The received data revealed the main regularities of Gd2O3 solubility in molten GdCl3–KCl–Gd2O3 systems.

The article presents the results of the study of the seasonal rhythm of growth and development of tea plants due to their response to environmental conditions (temperature factor and moisture supply factor). The relationship of the yield of breeding tea forms in the foothill zone of the Northwest Caucasus (the Republic of Adygea) with the winter hardiness of plants, with their characteristics of growth and formation of the crown (height, width and growth) during the growing season is examined, the dynamics of green leaf harvest for the leaf-harvesting period is analyzed and the quality of the collected flesh is assessed. Using the method of correlation analysis, it has been found that lengthening the period between the development of shoots of II and III orders is more dependent on the lack of moisture and does not depend on the sum of effective air temperatures in the previous period. In the course of two years of research, the greatest green leaf yield has been obtained from tAF-5 and AF-3 forms – 490.4 and 447.1 g, respectively, per plant.The best quality fleshes were formed in June, while the share of 2-sheet fleshes reached 85%. Based on the results, the studied breeding forms of tea are recommended for use in breeding local highly adaptive clone varieties.

The crystal structures of Bi1−xNdxFeO3 and Bi1−xGdxFeO3 solid solutions (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) with chemical compositions across structural transformations from the polar rhombohedral phase to the orthorhombic phase with an antipolar distortion and then to the nonpolar orthorhombic phase have been investigated using X-ray diffraction and infrared reflective spectrometry. The obtained results clarify details of the structural transitions assuming the changes that occurred in the crystal lattice dynamics of the compounds. Increase in the dopant content causes a notable change in the intensity and position of the reflectance lines at 18.2 μm and 22.6 μm (550 cm−1 and 440 cm−1) ascribed to the transverse optical phonon modes associated with Bi (Nd, Gd)–O and Fe–O bonds. In the concentration region attributed to the dominant rhombohedral phase, the chemical substitution leads to an increase in intensity of the modes A1 for solid solutions of both systems. Meanwhile, in the case of Gd doping, the mode A1 shifts towards the red side of the spectrum, but there is an opposite tendency in the case of Nd doping; the intensity of the modes E decrease regardless of both the dopant-ion type and concentration. This behavior is discussed assuming the change in mass for the chain of chemical bonds caused by different dopant ions and the structural transformations occurring in the compounds upon chemical doping.

The collision detection problem arises in many different areas, such as games, computer graphics, physics simulations, robot control systems, and others. There exist many different setups of this problem. We consider a setup associated with a special case of the collision detection problem that may arise during the process of optimization of robot control. The number of geometries of rigid bodies in this setup is relatively small (of the order of tens or hundreds), but the number of configurations (i.e., bodies in different positions) can be substantial (of the order of thousands or tens of thousands). In some cases, these configurations (scenes) may be pregenerated together, while in other cases, new scenes can appear only after the collision detection in previous ones. Several scene sources may participate simultaneously. There are well-known flexible implementations of algorithms for collision detection (for instance, Flexible Collision Library, FCL) designed for many-core CPUs. However, efficient GPU implementations (at least for the described setup) are still missing. In this paper, we outline a GPU implementation and compare it with the FCL. We measure the acceleration of our implementation against a single-threaded CPU version (which is the FCL in our case) under different regimes. In some cases, the acceleration reaches a value of the order of 60 to 70.

Performance of Ca-doped strontium ferrite-molybdate Sr2-xCaxFe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ (x = 0, 0.05, 0.15, 0.3, 0.5) has been studied under reducing conditions. Thermogravimetry (TG) analysis in 5% H2/Ar and DSC measurements in high-purity argon demonstrated that the compositions are highly stable and there are no phase transitions. The best electrochemical and electrical performances of about 0.12 Ω cm2 and 33 S/cm at 800 °C in wet hydrogen, respectively, were obtained for the Sr1.85Ca0.15Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ anode. The EIS spectra were analyzed by means of distribution relaxation times and non-linear least squares methods, which made it possible to determine the behavior of the rate-limiting steps of hydrogen oxidation. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) of planar design with the 1.5 mm LaGaO3-based supporting electrolyte, with the Sr1.85Ca0.15Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ symmetrical electrodes and with the Sr2-xCaxFe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ (x = 0.15 and 0.3) anode and the 70 wt% Pr0.9Y0.1BaCo2O6–δ + 30 wt% SDC cathode have been studied. The obtained results demonstrated a low anode overvoltage, which was about 0.12 V at 1 A/cm2 and 800 °C in wet hydrogen. The maximum power density of SOFC with the Sr1.85Ca0.15Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ anode and cobaltite cathode was about 0.18 W/cm2 at 800 °С under air/wet hydrogen conditions. The obtained results elucidate that Sr1.85Ca0.15Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ is a promising anode for solid oxide fuel cells.

We have compared quantitative characteristics of the macro- and microcomponent composition of pore solutions in bottom sediments obtained by their direct analysis and those calculated on the basis of the composition of water extracts taking into account water content of the samples. In the result of the study it was shown that the method of water extracts may be used to determine salinity and chemical composition of natural pore waters in low-permeable argillaceous deposits with different lithification rates. It was also shown that an analysis of water extracts does not allow determining the exact composition of the natural pore solution, but may be used for the evaluation (within the measurement error) of chlorine, sodium, and bromine content.

Calcium gallate Ca5Ga6O14 is synthesized by solid-phase means. Its melting point is 1325 ± 2°C. A phase transition of the second kind is observed in the temperature interval of 750–800°C. The temperature dependence of a thermal linear expansion coefficient within 200–900°C is given. Vibrational spectroscopy data confirm that Ca5Ga6O14 contains not only GaO4 tetrahedra but also GaO6 octahedra.

This paper presents new data on the contents of macro- and microcomponents from low-mineral nitrogen thermal water located within the Khoja-Obi-Garm resort (Tajikistan). It was found that these thermal groundwaters contain high contents of F, Si, Li, Al, Rb, Sr, and Cs. Detailed study of the geological and hydrogeological settings of the resort, along with thermodynamic simulations allows us reveal the sources of chemical elements in these waters. A comparison of thermal groundwater from Khoja-Obi-Garm spa with the thermal waters of other regions of Eurasia was carried out; new data on the rare-earth elements and yttrium (REY) concentrations in the studied thermal water are presented as well.

The heat of fusion of eutectic mixtures LiCl–CsCl, LiCl–KCl–CsCl, LiBr–KBr–LiF, LiBr–CsBr, and LiBr–KBr–CsBr was measured using differential scanning calorimetry. The molar heat of fusion of all mixtures under study was found to be dependent on melting temperature. Two different statistical methods were used to obtain the correlation for all the alkali and alkaline-earth halide salts.

This study presents the mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of tailing dumps at the Krasnorechenskaya concentration mill (Primorskii krai, Russia). Primary ore minerals and newly forming mineral assemblages were also investigated. According to the obtained data, the possible reserves of the major elements accumulated in these tailings were estimated. It was shown that the tailing dumps at the Krasnorechenskaya concentration mill are potentially promising for secondary recovery. The tailing sediment has natural geochemical stratification and the specific correlations of elements are typical for each selected layer.

The thermodynamic parameters of the heterogeneous Li2CO3–Na2CO3–K2CO3–MgO nanopowder system are detemined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The melting temperature and the reduced enthalpy of melting of the salt phase are found to decrease anomalously as the magnesium oxide content in the composite material increases.

The liquidus temperatures of the BaO–BaCl2–MCl systems (with M = alkali metal) are determined by thermal analysis. The caloric effects observed during melting of the barium-containing chloride eutectic with barium oxide additions are studied. A chemical mechanism of barium oxide dissolution in the melts is confirmed. X-ray diffraction patterns taken for the melt solidified after experiment indicate the presence of barium oxychloride Ba4OCl6 in the solid phase. It is shown that the significant increase in the liquidus temperature in adding the barium oxide to barium-containing chloride molten mixtures is related to substantial changes in their composition and structure.

We are the first to synthesize nanofilms of tetragonal oxide tungsten bronze (OTB) on a Pt(110) substrate by the electrolysis of the K2WO4–Na2WO4–WO3 melt at 700 and 750°C. The composition and the morphology of OTB are shown to depend on the deposition potential and the WO3 concentration in the melt. The laws of formation of tetragonal OTB films are discussed. The synthesized OTB samples are found to have a good thermal stability in the temperature range 20–800°C.

The isobaric heat capacity of molten eutectic mixtures LiCl–CsCl, LiCl–KCl–CsCl, LiBr–KBr, LiBr–CsBr and LiBr–KBr–CsBr was measured at temperatures not above 150 K above melting point using differential scanning calorimetry. The molar heat capacity of all mixtures under study was found to be close to that of pure salts in a molten state. The excess heat capacity is proportional to the negative enthalpy of mixing.

Oxide solubility in chloride melts depends on temperature and composition of molten solvent. The solubility of barium oxide in the solvents with barium chloride content is essentially higher than that in molten alkali chlorides. Spectral data demonstrate the existence of oxychloride ionic groupings in such melts. This work presents the results of the BaO solubility in two molten BaCl2–NaCl systems with different barium chloride content. The received data together with earlier published results revealed the main regularities of BaO solubility in molten BaO–BaCl2–MCl systems.

The electrical conductivity of 0.507KCl–0.493YbCl3 and 0.5YbCl3–0.25KCl–0.25NaCl chloride melts with the ytterbium oxide (Yb2O3) additions ranging from 0 to 3.15 mol% was measured depending on both the temperature and concentration of Yb2O3. The liquidus temperatures of the studied systems containing from 0 to 3.35 mol.% Yb2O3 were determined by DSC method and the electrical conductivity measurements. The Yb2O3 additions increase the liquidus temperatures of the systems under study. The high-temperature Raman spectra of chloride (YbCl3–KCl–NaCl) and oxide-chloride (YbCl3–KCl–NaCl–Yb2O3) melts were recorded. In the oxide-chloride melt an additional band was detected in the region of 460 cm−1 corresponding to stretching-vibrations of the Yb–O bond in [OYb3Cln] oxychloride associates. There was no evidence of vibrational bands related to ytterbium oxide. Such changes in the Raman spectrum points to the dissociation of ytterbium oxide and modifications to the local structure of the chloride melt.

A feed is the important physiology necessity of organism, on which the state of health of population depends to a great extent. In modern industrial society there is not only a sharp deficit of vegetable meal but also quality of it, tests substantial changes – the amount of vitamins diminished and, S, mineral matters – to Calcium, Potassium, to Iodine, to Selenium, to Iron. The two third of territory of Ukraine are the area of natural deficit of iodine. This problem – one of most actual in a health protection population of country, foremost children. The purpose of our researches is development of technology biscuit a cake «Charm» of enhance able biological value. Materials and methods. Organoleptic, physical and chemical; methods of planning of experiment and mathematical processing of experimental data are on the basis of computer technologies. The organoleptic estimation of wares is conducted after developed by a 10-ball by a scale taking into account the coefficients of ponder ability of separate indexes. Content of mineral matters was determined an atom-adsorption method on the spectrophotometer of Techtron-AA-4 (Austria). Content of iodine was additi-onally determined the method of inversion vol'tamperometer (device of AVA-3) [8]. Content of soluble and insoluble food fibres – fermentation-gravimetrical by a method [9]; determination of water dissolve vitamins – by the method of high-efficiency liquid chromatography [10]; to the vitamin of E – for GOST of R 54634–2011 [11], to the vitamin A and b-karotin – by a colorimetery and by spectral photometrical methods [12]. Repetition of experiments is fivefold. During the production of biscuit intermediate product it was decided to use the puree of carrot and dried apricot. During the production of sour cream with walnuts it was decided to use powder of alga of cistoziri, as a maximal amount of iodine and selenium is kept in the case of absence of thermal treatment. On the basis of traditional technology of biscuit intermediate product is developed from the puree of carrot and dried apricot. Purees from the boiled carrot and dried apricot mixed up in correlation 1:1 and entered under time production of biscuit intermediate product (on the stage of rafting of eggs and sugar) in an amount 10% from mass of biscuit, content of sugar was accordingly diminished. During the production of sour cream with walnuts entered powder of cistoziri, preliminary mixed with nuts, in an amount 2% from mass of cream. It is possible to draw conclusion on the basis of findings: content of calcium was considerably increased – on 71.56%, to magnesium – 87.8%, to potassium – 2.25 times, that has a positive influence on the functional state of the heart-vascular system, stomach, liver, pancreas. Was maintenance of vitamin considerably increased A and b-karotin – in 2 and 6 times accordingly. Content of microelements changed substantially: content of iron rose in 2.1 times, to the iodine – in 15.5 times, to selenium – in 51.5 times, that was the purpose of our advanced study. Research of quality biscuit a cake «Charm» of enhanceable biological value with the use of carrot, dried apricot and powder of cistoziri. The novelty of technology foresees enriching vitamins and mineral matters of flour pastry wares.

This paper was devoted to explanation of the phase transitions nature in Ca12Al14O33±δ which were studied by a combination of methods: simultaneous thermal analysis, high-temperature X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopy. One of the phase transitions is assumed to be connected with peroxide ions appearance/disappearance in mayenite at 922 K. The peroxide ions appearance reduces the system’s energy. Peroxide ions are responsible for the interaction of mayenite with water giving hydroxyl ions. Another phase transition at 1268 K is caused by changing in stability of electronic defects in mayenite. This paper enlightens correlations between the electronic defects state, the peroxide ions existence and chemical properties of Ca12Al14O33±δ .

Thermal analysis was applied to determine the liquidus temperatures in the NaCl–KCl–BaCl2–BaO system, with BaO concentration varied from 0 to 6 mole%. The temperature dependence of the BaO solubility in the NaCl–KCl–BaCl2 eutectic melt was investigated; the thermodynamic parameters of BaO dissolution were calculated. The caloric effects of melting of the NaCl–KCl–BaCl2 eutectic with barium oxide and barium oxychloride additions were studied. The type, morphology, and composition of oxychloride ionic groupings in the melt were determined in situ using Raman spectroscopy.

For the first time, the structure of crystalline DyCl3 over a wide temperature range from room temperature to melting point was studied by Raman spectroscopy. The phonon modes (cm–1) of dysprosium trichloride (monoclinic crystal lattice of AlCl3 type, Z=4, CN = 6) at room temperature are 257 (A1g), 201 (Eg), 112 (Eg), 88 (A1g), and 63 (Eg). The monoclinic structure of the crystalline DyCl3 C2h 3 symmetry was found to remain constant over the studied temperature range. No polymorphic transformation in the solid state was detected. Gravimetry, calorimetry, and mass spectrometry have been used in addition to support the conclusions made on the basis of Raman spectroscopic data.

The heat capacities of molten salts are very important for their practical use. Experimental investigation of this property is challenging because of the high temperatures involved and the corrosive nature of these materials. It is preferable to combine experimental investigations with empirical relationships, which allows for the evaluation of the heat capacity of molten salt mixtures. The isobaric molar heat capacities of all molten alkali and alkaline-earth halides were found to be constant for each group of salts. The value depends on the number of atoms in the salt, and the molar heat capacity per atom is constant for all molten halide salts with the exception of the lithium halides. The molar heat capacities of molten halides do not change when the anions are changed.

Stable phase CuIn1−xFexS2 (x ≤ 0.10) crystals of chalcopyrite structure were prepared by annealing synthesized CuIn1−xFexS2 material with the new quasicubic structure of sphalerite type at the high pressure of 5.5 GPa and temperatures ranging from 1170 to 1270 K. CuIn1−xFexS2 solid solutions were formed by mixing of CuInS2 and CuFe1.02S1.98 that were synthesized in advance. Phase formation in the (1 − x)CuInS2–xCuFeS2 system was investigated and the unit-cell parameters (the lattice constants and the unit-cell volume) were computed as a function of composition. In addition, the parameter of the tetragonal distortion (c/2a) for CuIn1−xFexS2 solid solutions of chalcopyrite structure was determined.

NMR spectra of 63,65Cu in an internal magnetic field were studied experimentally. The electric field gradient (EFG) at Cu nuclei in chalcopyrite CuFeS2 was evaluated ab initio by using a cluster approach. Calculations were carried out in the framework of the self-consistent field restricted open-shell Hartree–Fock method (SCF-LCAO-ROHF). The largest cluster for which calculations were carried out had the formula Cu9Fe10S28 n (R ~ 6 A, 47 atoms), where n is the cluster charge. The best agreement of the quadrupole parameters (quadrupole frequency νQ and EFG tensor asymmetry parameter η) that were determined experimentally (νQ = 1.29 MHz, η = 0.34) and were calculated (νQ = 1.40 MHz, η = 0.50) was obtained for the cluster Cu9Fe10S28 −4. Maps of electron-density distribution in the neighborhood of the Cu quadrupolar nucleus were built for the cluster Cu9Fe10S28 −4. It was suggested based on an analysis of the obtained electron-density distribution that the bond in chalcopyrite is not covalent. The energy-level diagram that was calculated in the ROHF high-spin approximation defined rather well chalcopyrite as a semiconductor with a very narrow LUMO–HOMO gap and was consistent with the notion of chalcopyrite as a gapless semiconductor.