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Abstract Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) activity rises and falls throughout the cell cycle: a cell-autonomous process called mitotic oscillations. Mitotic oscillators can synchronize when spatially coupled, facilitating rapid, synchronous divisions in large early embryos of Drosophila (~0.5 mm) and Xenopus (~1.2 mm). Diffusion alone cannot achieve such long-range coordination. Instead, studies proposed mitotic waves—phase and trigger waves—as mechanisms of the coordination. How waves establish over time remains unclear. Using Xenopus laevis egg extracts and a Cdk1 Förster resonance energy transfer sensor, we observe a transition from phase to trigger wave dynamics in initially homogeneous cytosol. Spatial heterogeneity promotes this transition. Adding nuclei accelerates entrainment. The system transitions almost immediately when driven by metaphase-arrested extracts. Numerical simulations suggest phase waves appear transiently as trigger waves take time to entrain the system. Therefore, we show that both waves belong to a single biological process capable of coordinating the cell cycle over long distances.

The invasive stink bug Halyomorpha halys has become an important pest of many crops, causing severe economic losses to farmers. Control of the pest mainly relies on multiple applications of broad-spectrum insecticides, undermining the integrated pest management programs and causing secondary pest outbreaks. In the native area, egg parasitoids are the main natural enemies of H. halys, among which Trissolcus japonicus is considered the predominant species. In Italy, adventive populations of T. japonicus and Trissolcus mitsukurii, another egg parasitoid of H. halys in Japan, have established themselves. These two species, together with the indigenous Anastatus bifasciatus, are capable of attacking the eggs of the exotic host. Focusing on the situation in Northern Italy, where also the hyperparasitoid Acroclisoides sinicus is present, a discrete-time model is developed for the simulation of the pest evolution. It is based on actual field data collected over a timespan of five years. The simulations indicate that egg parasitoid by themselves do not suppress populations to non-pest levels, but can play an important role in reducing their impact. Both the data from the five-year surveys and those available in the literature are used in the model. It has some limitations in the fact that climatic conditions were not considered, while more accurate simulations could be performed with additional collection of field data, which at the moment are based on partial field observations not sampled at the same sites.

We report the first detection of Trissolcus japonicus in southwestern France. A total of almost 3000 sentinel and 700 field-laid egg masses of Halyomorpha halys were exposed or collected in the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine in 2022 and 2023. A total of 12 and 44 specimens of T. japonicus emerged from one and two egg masses in 2022 and 2023, respectively. Morphologic analysis confirmed the identification of this egg parasitoid, while molecular analysis of COI matched the haplotype of the French population to the population of T. japonicus released in Italy. Trissolcus japonicus may have arrived in Nouvelle-Aquitaine from introduction pathways similary to T. mitsukurii, detected in 2020, although these pathways cannot be clearly defined. The co-occurrence of these two major parasitoids of BMSB should now be surveyed as possible competition can arise. In the frame of the biological control program currently running in France against BMSB, the use of one or two parasitoid species is also considered.

Animated Wor(l)ds is a multimedia born-digital project with roots in relational practices that honor biocultural diversity and multispecies flourishing. Our community is composed of scholars, artists, and activists who contribute a wide array of transdisciplinary and multisensory research-creation projects promoting care-full attunement with more-than-human wor(l)ds. Focusing on the developmental process of the project, we celebrate the vital network of relations animating our work and the multispecies ethics that permeates our editorial practice. By retracing the collaborative efforts occurring behind the scenes, we explore three interwoven areas to illustrate our experimental methodology: (1) developing an editorial process rooted in community care, (2) entering in dialogue with more-than-human persons, and (3) building a digital ecology. Ultimately, we draw attention to radical reciprocity to propose a counterexample that challenges established publishing models embedded within hierarchical organizational structures as well as the underlying anthropocentric logic that characterizes scholarly research and artistic production conducted within the humanities.

This paper reports the findings of a case study carried out in an English for specific purposes class with student tour guides at an Argentinean university. The main objective of this research project was to analyse how the teaching practices in the English language classes favoured intercultural exchanges. Data were gathered through document analysis, surveys, and interviews with students and with core-subject professors. Results were analysed qualitatively. We conclude that we must foster a friendly and safe learning environment to give voice to learners from native communities so that they can express their own identities and thus give way to enriching intercultural dialogue.

In recent years, the collection of eggs of stink bugs (Pentatomidae) has intensified because of the attention given to egg parasitoids in classical biological control strategies against Halyomorpha halys (Stål) in Europe. Several specimens belonging to the genus Telenomus Haliday emerged from field-collected pentatomid eggs. Taxonomic knowledge to date has not been sufficient to enable the research community to identify these specimens to species level. Three species of scelionid wasps (Scelionidae) associated with Pentatomidae, Telenomus gifuensis Ashmead, Telenomus truncatus (Nees von Esenbeck) and Telenomus turesis Walker, have been characterized on a morphological basis. A COI barcode analysis confirmed the genetic distance between the latter two species. An identification key to the three Telenomus species occurring in the Palearctic region associated with stink bugs is provided. Telenomus heydeni Mayr is here considered conspecific with Telenomus truncatus (Nees von Esenbeck).

This study analyzed the impact of temperature increases on O3, PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations and cardiopulmonary deaths attributable to PM2.5 in 11 cities in southern Brazil, including Porto Alegre. In 2022, 12.80 % of cardiopulmonary deaths in the capital were attributed to PM2.5. Although small cities were within legal limits, simulated scenarios of +2 and + 4 °C indicated an increase in deaths in all cities. The results highlight the need for public health interventions and climate adaptation strategies to mitigate the impacts of pollution and global warming in smaller cities.

This work aims to study the textual tradition of the fourth day of the Passion of Arnoul Gréban, a dramatic text composed around 1450 and printed until around 1550. The four manuscripts and the fourteen ancient editions which transmit the Résurrection are the subject of an interdisciplinary research in three parts. The first chapter is devoted to the material comparison of the different sources listed; the printed tradition of the text is reevaluated following a hybrid approach based on material bibliography and philology. The second chapter takes into account the transition from manuscript to print in order to evaluate the printers’ role in the adaptation of Gréban’s text to a wider audience. In the third chapter, the varia lectio of the Résurrection becomes the basis for a linguistic analysis of the Middle French to Preclassical French transition; the qualitative study of philological variants is corroborated by the data available in digital corpora as well as by modern and ancient lexicographic tools.

This study examines the impact of projected temperature increases on air pollutant levels and associated health outcomes in Candiota, Brazil, a major coal mining region. Using meteorological and air pollutant data (PM2.5, PM10, O3) and machine learning, we simulated pollutant levels under 2 °C and 4 °C increases and assessed the consequent health impacts. Results indicate increases in O3, PM10, and PM2.5 levels across all investigated cities, with marked seasonal differences, leading to higher mortality and hospitalizations due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Underscoring the need for targeted interventions in coal mining areas as climate change exacerbates air pollution health impacts.

Air pollution is responsible for illness and death of millions of people worldwide annually and has strong impacts on the economy and society. Large cities typically have more robust and effective air quality monitoring coverage, however, less populated cities need to rely on monitoring via satellite data or low-cost sensors. Additionally, global and national study hotspots are megacities and highly industrialized regions, and the Southern Air Project aims to broaden the focus on the impact on populations in less populated areas. This article describes the initiatives of the Southern Air Project, aimed at providing data on air pollution and its health effects in small and medium-sized cities in southern Brazil. A significant portion of the air pollutant data used in the project originates from satellite information, low-cost sensors, passive samplers, and data provided by enterprises. These data have been used to understand the levels, dynamics and human health impacts of air pollutants in cities that do not have well-established monitoring networks and, consequently, are less studied. In addition to research initiatives, the project engages in community actions with the aim of informing about the risks of exposure to air pollution and the role of citizens in demanding quality air from public managers.

Randomized clinical trials are considered the gold standard for studies with dietary interventions, which is mainly due to the fact that they can establish causal relationships between food exposure and body composition measures or biomarkers. The aim of this study was to describe the details of a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial protocol to identify, characterize and evaluate the effects of human dietary exposure to pesticide residues in food. Specific aspects of planning (development of a research question, determination of objectives, selection of participants, randomization and blinding) and performance (recruitment of participants, measures to improve adherence, data collection, follow-up and evaluation of results) are addressed in this study. The study design proved effective in characterizing dietary patterns with foods originating from both conventional and organic agriculture. A total of 148 individuals were recruited for the study. The conventional group was represented by 47 % of the sample and the organic group was represented by 53 %. The practice of evidence-based nutrition has demanded that trials be well designed and systematically performed in the field of clinical nutrition. Therefore, this clinical trial emphasizes the importance of improving studies with toxicological nutrition that assess sources of exposure through food. • This double-blind, randomized clinical trial details the protocol for identifying, characterizing, and evaluating the effects of dietary exposure to pesticide residues. • The protocol demonstrates that well-designed and systematically conducted trials emphasize the importance of robust methodologies in evidence-based nutrition. • In the face of the global climate crisis, this clinical trial underscores the importance of enhancing studies in toxicological nutrition, particularly those evaluating sources of exposure through food, to better understand the dietary impacts on health.

Objectives: This study examined research-related privacy and confidentiality concerns among adolescent sexual minority males (ASMM) and provides lessons learned to inform recruitment and enrollment strategies for this population. Methods: Participants were a 2017–2018 internet-based U.S. national sample of sexual minority adolescents who responded to self-report measures of privacy and confidentiality concerns. Results: Bivariate chi-square tests were used to identify participants’ mean differences in worry and likelihood of privacy breach occurrences. Many participants reported privacy-related concerns within remote HIV prevention research. Conclusions: Study protocols were designed to ensure participants felt safe participating in online HIV prevention research. However, there are challenges to enroll participants with rigorous protocols for ensuring safety and privacy.

A produtividade do maracujazeiro-amarelo, em muitos casos, não chega a 20% do seu potencial em razão do produtor utilizar uma cultivar que, previamente, não tenha sido indicada pela pesquisa. Assim, com objetivo de avaliar genótipos de Passiflora edulis Sims e, por conseguinte, proceder à indicação de materiais genéticos promissores. O experimento foi conduzido utilizando 10 genótipos de maracujazeiro-azedo nas condições edafoclimáticas do município de Mâncio Lima, localizado na microrregião do Juruá, Estado do Acre, Brasil. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, com três repetições, e oito plantas por parcela. Foram realizadas avaliações das características produtivas, qualidade física e química dos frutos. Houve diferenças entre os genótipos e entre os meses avaliados para as características estudadas. Os genótipos Seleção Acre, BRS Rubi do Cerrado, BRS Sol do Cerrado, BRS Gigante Amarelo, FB 200 e CPAC VML x 325, por apresentarem características agronômicas superiores, podem ser incorporados ao sistema de produção de maracujazeiro da região.