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Aims: The spouses of psychiatric veterans are exposed to various psychological traumas due to their spouseschr('39') special circumstances. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of integrated meta-diagnostic treatment on veteranschr('39') spouseschr('39') cognitive emotion regulation and psychological resilience. Materials & Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest with a control group on the spouses of psychiatric veterans in Tehran. Using the voluntary sampling method from June to September 2016, by referring to the Tehranchr('39')s District 4 Veterans Medical Centers and distributing voluntary forms among the veteranschr('39') spouses, 30 veteran spouses were selected from among the volunteers and randomly selected in experimental groups, and Controls were assigned. Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire and resilience scale were used to collect data. The experimental group received integrated meta-diagnostic treatment for two and a half months in 10 90-minute sessions, one session per week. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 statistical software and analysis of covariance. Findings: The mean scores of cognitive regulation of emotion and its dimensions and psychological resilience of veteranschr('39') spouses increased in the experimental group. 57% changes in cognitive emotion regulation component (F=31.62; p=0.0001), 52% changes in psychological resilience component (F=26.05; p=0.0001), 37% changes in emotional inhibition dimension (F=13.21; p=0.001) and 49% changes in the cognitive reassessment dimension (F=21.45; p=0.0001) of veteranschr('39') spouses were explained by implementing integrated meta-diagnostic treatment. Conclusion: Integrated meta-diagnostic therapy can be used as an effective treatment to improve veteranschr('39') spouseschr('39') cognitive emotion regulation and psychological resilience.

Objectives Empty nest syndrome (SEN) in Iranian older adults is becoming an important social phenomenon. Although it is not a clinical disorder, it can affect a person’s life and lead to depression, alcoholism, marital conflicts, and identity crisis. This study aims to explore the lived experiences of older adults with SEN in Iran. Methods & Materials This is a qualitative phenomenological study. Participants were 17 older adults with a mean age of 65.7 years (6 males and 11 females) suffering from ENS in Tehran, Iran, in 2022. Sampling was done purposefully and until reaching theoretical saturation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data regarding lived experiences. Results Six main themes (existential crisis, emotional turmoil, cognitive disorientation, functional decline, disruption in interpersonal relationships, and satisfaction with the transition period) and 23 sub-themes were extracted. Conclusion Understanding of Iranian older adults’ experiences of ENS can provide valuable insights to gerontologists and practitioners in fields of psychology, counseling, and social work to develop future interventions for these older adults and enhance their quality of life.

Background and aims Despite the fact that work is the major part of human life and the source of satisfying the sense of idealism, innovation and the feeling of consent in the individual, but it is one of the most important factors of creating stress in today's societies. One of the most efficient methods of interfering in stress inoculation group training (SIT). The aim of the present research is the investigation of the efficacy of the stress inoculation group training (SIT) on reducing career stress of employees of Razak Co.'s employees. Methodsthis study is an intermediary study and the research method is experimental of pretest and posttest type with control group. 46 of subjects whose score in career stress test was above the average score were selected as sample, and were replaced in simple random way in two groups of test and control. 8-session test group of 1.5 hours each received team immunity training against stress. Both groups were tested and evaluated three times at the same time (pretest, posttest and follow up). Resultsafter adjusting the posttest scores based on pretest scores, the results of one-way covariance pretest showed that stress inoculation group training (SIT) had a meaningful influence on reduction of career stress on employees. Also the results of multivariable covariance analysis (Mankoa) showed that this effect existed in every component of career stress, i.e. exceeding accountability, responsibility of others, very high working pressure, decision making that influences the others, and understanding of self as an individual not quite competent and qualified. In follow up studies after one month, the results showed that stress inoculation group training (SIT) has a stable influence on reduction of career stress and it components. Conclusion on the base of the obtained findings from research and effectiveness from the stress inoculation group training (SIT) , it is recommended to apply this therapeutic approach in all industrial and organizational centers as an effective therapeutic approach to reduce career stress and increase organizational productivity.

Despite ongoing progress in stent technology and deployment techniques, in-stent restenosis (ISR) still remains a major issue following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and accounts for 10.6% of all interventions in the United States. With the continuous rise in ISR risk factors such as obesity and diabetes, along with an increase in the treatment of complex lesions with high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention (CHIP), a substantial growth in ISR burden is expected. This review aims to provide insight into the mechanisms, classification, and management of ISR, with a focus on exploring innovative approaches to tackle this complication comprehensively, along with a special section addressing the approach to complex calcified lesions.

ObjectiveTo characterize peri-ictal apnea and postictal asystole in generalized convulsive seizures (GCS) of intractable epilepsy.MethodsThis was a prospective, multicenter epilepsy monitoring study of autonomic and breathing biomarkers of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) in patients ≥18 years old with intractable epilepsy and monitored GCS. Video-EEG, thoracoabdominal excursions, nasal airflow, capillary oxygen saturation, and ECG were analyzed.ResultsWe studied 148 GCS in 87 patients. Nineteen patients had generalized epilepsy; 65 had focal epilepsy; 1 had both; and the epileptogenic zone was unknown in 2. Ictal central apnea (ICA) preceded GCS in 49 of 121 (40.4%) seizures in 23 patients, all with focal epilepsy. Postconvulsive central apnea (PCCA) occurred in 31 of 140 (22.1%) seizures in 22 patients, with generalized, focal, or unknown epileptogenic zones. In 2 patients, PCCA occurred concurrently with asystole (near-SUDEP), with an incidence rate of 10.2 per 1,000 patient-years. One patient with PCCA died of probable SUDEP during follow-up, suggesting a SUDEP incidence rate 5.1 per 1,000 patient-years. No cases of laryngospasm were detected. Rhythmic muscle artifact synchronous with breathing was present in 75 of 147 seizures and related to stertorous breathing (odds ratio 3.856, 95% confidence interval 1.395-10.663, p = 0.009).ConclusionsPCCA occurred in both focal and generalized epilepsies, suggesting a different pathophysiology from ICA, which occurred only in focal epilepsy. PCCA was seen in 2 near-SUDEP cases and 1 probable SUDEP case, suggesting that this phenomenon may serve as a clinical biomarker of SUDEP. Larger studies are needed to validate this observation. Rhythmic postictal muscle artifact is suggestive of post-GCS breathing effort rather than a specific biomarker of laryngospasm.

Introduction: Peri-ictal breathing dysfunction was proposed as a potential mechanism for SUDEP. We examined the incidence and risk factors for both ictal (ICA) and post-convulsive central apnea (PCCA) and their relationship with potential seizure severity biomarkers (i. e., post-ictal generalized EEG suppression (PGES) and recurrence. Methods: Prospective, multi-center seizure monitoring study of autonomic, and breathing biomarkers of SUDEP in adults with intractable epilepsy and monitored seizures. Video EEG, thoraco-abdominal excursions, capillary oxygen saturation, and electrocardiography were analyzed. A subgroup analysis determined the incidences of recurrent ICA and PCCA in patients with ≥2 recorded seizures. We excluded status epilepticus and obscured/unavailable video. Central apnea (absence of thoracic-abdominal breathing movements) was defined as ≥1 missed breath, and ≥5 s. ICA referred to apnea preceding or occurring along with non-convulsive seizures (NCS) or apnea before generalized convulsive seizures (GCS). Results: We analyzed 558 seizures in 218 patients (130 female); 321 seizures were NCS and 237 were GCS. ICA occurred in 180/487 (36.9%) seizures in 83/192 (43.2%) patients, all with focal epilepsy. Sleep state was related to presence of ICA [RR 1.33, CI 95% (1.08-1.64), p = 0.008] whereas extratemporal epilepsy was related to lower incidence of ICA [RR 0.58, CI 95% (0.37-0.90), p = 0.015]. ICA recurred in 45/60 (75%) patients. PCCA occurred in 41/228 (18%) of GCS in 30/134 (22.4%) patients, regardless of epilepsy type. Female sex [RR 11.30, CI 95% (4.50-28.34), p < 0.001] and ICA duration [RR 1.14 CI 95% (1.05-1.25), p = 0.001] were related to PCCA presence, whereas absence of PGES was related to absence of PCCA [0.27, CI 95% (0.16-0.47), p < 0.001]. PCCA duration was longer in males [HR 1.84, CI 95% (1.06-3.19), p = 0.003]. In 9/17 (52.9%) patients, PCCA was recurrent. Conclusion: ICA incidence is almost twice the incidence of PCCA and is only seen in focal epilepsies, as opposed to PCCA, suggesting different pathophysiologies. ICA is likely to be a recurrent semiological phenomenon of cortical seizure discharge, whereas PCCA may be a reflection of brainstem dysfunction after GCS. Prolonged ICA or PCCA may, respectively, contribute to SUDEP, as evidenced by two cases we report. Further prospective cohort studies are needed to validate these hypotheses.

Objectives Empty nest syndrome (SEN) in Iranian older adults is becoming an important social phenomenon. Although it is not a clinical disorder, it can affect a person's life and lead to depression, alcoholism, marital conflicts, and identity crisis. This study aims to explore the lived experiences of older adults with SEN in Iran. Methods & Materials This is a qualitative phenomenological study. Participants were 17 older adults with a mean age of 65.7 years (6 males and 11 females) suffering from ENS in Tehran, Iran, in 2022. Sampling was done purposefully and until reaching theoretical saturation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data regarding lived experiences. Results Six main themes (existential crisis, emotional turmoil, cognitive disorientation, functional decline, disruption in interpersonal relationships, and satisfaction with the transition period) and 23 sub-themes were extracted. Conclusion Understanding of Iranian older adults' experiences of ENS can provide valuable insights to gerontologists and practitioners in fields of psychology, counseling, and social work to develop future interventions for these older adults and enhance their quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness self-regulated couple therapy that was done through dialectical behavioral therapy on reducing couple burnout in divorce applicants. In term of purpose, this is an applied research which adopted the quasi-experimental design for data collection, and was carried out in two pre-test-post-test stages with a two-month follow-up period with the control group. The statistical population included couples applying for divorce who had been referred to the family court of Bahonar branch in Tehran in 2018. Of this population, 24 couples were selected based on the convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups of experimental (8 couples in each group) and control (8 couples). The subjects responded to the standard Pines (1996) Couple Burnout Measure (CBM) questionnaire in three stages of pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The experimental groups were trained for the dialectical behavioral therapy and self-regulatory couple therapy in eight 90-minutes sessions. No interventions were used for the control group. A data analysis in SPSS ver. 22 using repeated measures analysis of variance and an LSD analysis showed that self-regulatory couple therapy and dialectical behavioral therapy were effective in reducing couple burnout in the post-test and follow-up stages (P

Background: Women with breast cancer suffer high levels of stress due to their disease-induced emotional, cognitive, behavioral and physical problems which increase their metacognitive beliefs, death anxiety, and rumination, disrupt the treatment process, and exert a negative impact. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positive thinking training on perceived stress, metacognitive beliefs, and death anxiety in women with breast cancer in Ahvaz in 2019. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest control group design. Statistical population consisted of all women with breast cancer visiting Shafa Health Center of Ahvaz in 2019, among whom 30 women were selected as the sample using convenience sampling. Cancer patients were randomly divided into intervention (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The research instruments included the Perceived Stress Scale, the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ-30), and the Scale of Death Anxiety (SDA). Univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance were used to analyze data. Results: Results suggested that positive thinking training reduced perceived stress, metacognitive beliefs and death anxiety in women with breast cancer in the intervention group compared with those in the control group (P

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are present in a large number of patients with novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to determine the risk and predictors of in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 in patients with DM and CVD. Methods This retrospective cohort study included hospitalized patients aged ≥ 18 years with confirmed COVID-19 in Alborz province, Iran, from 20 February 2020 to 25 March 2020. Data on demographic, clinical and outcome (in-hospital mortality) data were obtained from electronic medical records. Self-reported comorbidities were classified into the following groups: “DM” (having DM with or without other comorbidities), “only DM” (having DM without other comorbidities), “CVD” (having CVD with or without other comorbidities), “only CVD” (having CVD without other comorbidities), and “having any comorbidity”. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to quantify the risk and predictors of in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 in patients with these comorbidities. Results Among 2957 patients with COVID-19, 2656 were discharged as cured, and 301 died. In multivariate model, DM (OR: 1.62 (95% CI 1.14–2.30)) and only DM (1.69 (1.05–2.74)) increased the risk of death from COVID-19; but, both CVD and only CVD showed non-significant associations (p > 0.05). Moreover, “having any comorbidities” increased the risk of in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 (OR: 2.66 (95% CI 2.09–3.40)). Significant predictors of mortality from COVID-19 in patients with DM were lymphocyte count, creatinine and C-reactive protein (CRP) level (all P-values

Background & aim: Hearing impairment of children is one of the disabilities which is accompanied by unpleasant psychological consequences for the child and his/her parents. The present research was aimed at investigating the effect of group training of parent-child relationship therapy (CPRT) for mothers to reduce the feeling of loneliness among daughters with hearing impairment. Methods: The present study was an applied research type which was conducted by semi-experimental method with pretest-posttest with control group design. The research population included all female students with hearing impairment in primary deaf school of Baghcheh-Ban 2 in Tehran, 2015. The sample included 16 students with hearing impairment who were selected via available sampling method and were assigned into two eight-subject groups of experiment and control by random assignment method. Before and after the intervention, the students of both groups were assessed by Asher and colleagues’ loneliness scale (1986). Group training based on parent-child relationship therapy was delivered to mothers of the students of the experiment group in 10 2-hour sessions while the mothers of the students in the control group didn’t receive the training package until the end of the posttest phase. The data were analyzed through univariate analysis of covariance in SPSSv20. Results: Results of the covariance analysis indicated that group training based on parent-child relationship therapy for mothers was effective in reducing loneliness among girls with hearing impairment in the experiment group. Mean scores of loneliness for the experimental group were 47.38 in the pre-test and 40.25 in the post-test. For the control group this score was 48.00 in pre-test and 49.25 in post-test. As evident, the scores of the experimental group in the post-test changed. According to the results the covariance analysis is univariate. The F value for Loneliness (F=25.53, p

The aim of the present study was to Structural Modeling Prediction Addiction Potential Among Students in Karaj city. The research was a Correlation research and The target population of this study was All second-grade boy and girl students in secondary schools in Karaj of 1396-97. In this study, was used Multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The sample size was 200 people according to the number of variables in the research. The instruments of this study were Addiction Potential Scale, (SQ-SF), Distress Tolerance Scale, Gray-Wilson Personality Questionnaire (GWPQ). Analyzing of data is performed using Path analysis. by using SPSS21 and Lisrel the results showed that The structural model of research was fit and satisfactory with research data. the results showed that The effect of distress tolerance on the variables of the escape behavioral brain system was confirmed. the effect of dependency / incompetence variable on the variables of inhibition of behavioral brain system was confirmed and The effect of behavioral inhibition, war and escape variables on addiction variables was confirmed. The results in hypotheses 4 and 5 showed that There is a direct correlation between distress tolerance and dependency / incompetence with addiction. Also indirect relationship of distress tolerance on addiction was not significant and The effect of variables of dependency / deficiency schemata through brain-behavioral systems was significant on addictionl (p

Students educational motivation and concerns for future employment are interlocked and higher education institutions play vital role in this issue. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of of career Selection Skills in predicting the level of students' academic motivation. Method: The experimental design was pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical population consisted of all students referred to Shahrekord University Counseling Center and The sample consisted of 40 students who did not have academic motivation or low academic motivation. They were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (20) and a control group (20). The experimental group trained seven 90-minute sessions. The research instrument was Valerand et al. (1985). The data were analyzed using covariance analysis. The results showed that training of employment skills on internal educational motivation and lack of motivation was significant and did not have significant effect on external educational motivation. Discussion: Training of career Selection Skills has been effective in increasing internal motivation and Lack of academic motivation.

the aim of this study was "determining the damage of Virtual social networks on the mental health of high school students from Tehran school counselors perspective ". This study was conducted with Qualitative approach and grounded theory method. The population of this research was school counselors in Tehran boys' high school. The sample includes 21 of the boys' highschool counselors who Purposive sampling method were selected in Tehran. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. To analyze the data, using grounded theory, information obtained in three stages, open coding, axial, and was selective. A total of 37 primary categories, and 6 axia code as follows: "personal injuries, Family injuries, social injuries, educational injuries, injuries during puberty and the risk of mental disorders" was obtained. Based on the results obtained, the core category (selective code) This " Education and training injuries " was determined. This category covers all other categories in the study.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of psychological empowerment training program based on individual psychology Adler's theory on female-headed household’s learned helplessness. Methods: This study was counducted by semi-experimental method , and its design was pretest posttest with a control group. The population of this study were female-headed households of Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in Hamedan province, that was selected by the multi-stage cluster sampling and 30 samples were selected. Research instrument was learned helplessness scale (LHS). To analyze the data, univariate analysis of covariance was used. To achieve the study objectives quantitative methods were used. The study sample consisted of female-headed households in Hamedan provine. The participants in the study consisted of 30 women who were were assigned by clustering sampling. To validate increased psychological empowerment interventionist model, the experimental group was exposed to nine determined one-and-half- an hour group intervention sessions. Findings: The results showed that psychological empowerment training program has effects on the reduction of learned helplessness female-headed household’s learned helplessness (p

Objective (s): The purpose of this study was to examine quality of life and its correlates in elderly in Tehran metropolis. Methods: This was a cross sectional study. A random sample of elderly living in Tehran was selected. from are randomly selected in proportional stratified and multiple-stage cluster sampling in this study. Data were collected using the health-related quality of elderly people life (EHRQOL) and Life Satisfaction Index-Z (LSI-Z). Results: In all 1147 elderly entered into the study. The highest score was for spiritual well being (mean: 90.76) while the lowest score were for social welfare and security (mean: 57.02) and healthy mind (mean 51.36) respectively. There was a positive correlation between higher life satisfaction and a better quality of life. Conclusion: Improving quality of life in elderly needs attention. Perhaps improving living condition in this population could lead to improved quality of life.