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Development of new approaches to formation of analytics mechanisms for the purpose of pricing management of services is an important aspect of increasing the efficiency of transport management processes.Research aimed at improving the tools for determining the optimal parameters of the ratio of quality and price of service for formation of a competitive and efficient tariff policy continues to remain relevant and in demand in modern market conditions. The objective of the study, presented in the article, is to analyse and evaluate the prospects for implementation of the areas to improve the apparatus for assessing the price elasticity of demand for railway passenger transport services as the transition to the use of non-linear parameters in terms of customer behaviour modelling functions, as well as introduction of the most effective algorithms from the set of modern global mathematical optimisation tools.The research conclusions are based on the use of system analysis mechanisms, methods of economic and mathematical modelling and optimisation, as well as of non-parametric statistics tools.The results based on the use of an array of data on the demand of passengers of branded trains include: a comparative assessment of quality of modelling the price elasticity of demand using 15 functions that are nonlinear in terms of parameters; the most promising tools of the search for unknown parameters for non-smooth nonlinear functions for modelling the behaviour of railway customers are identified based on a three-stage procedure for comparative analysis of the performance of more than 60 optimisation algorithms (including the calculation of minima and medians for the sums of squares of modelling errors, bootstrap analysis, Kruskal– Wallace and Mann–Whitney tests, as well as the calculation of a metric specially developed by the authors for assessing the degree of superiority of one algorithm over another within the framework of non-parametric analysis).The findings seem able to be successfully used in relation to other modes of transport in solving similar problems of developing an effective toolkit for managing the prices of transport services.

Development of business intelligence is an important area of efficiency growth when solving urgent issues of improving transport management processes. The business intelligence is a source of objective and clear information necessary for management to make decisions. This is particularly pertinent when business intelligence is applied in railway transport for comparative analysis of contribution of regional and local divisions and units to the overall activity of railway infrastructure or operation company. In Russia, in the case of JSC Russian Railways there is a great need for assessment of the efficiency of regional corporate management centers whose responsibility is to coordinate activity within theboundaries of railways which are branches of the company.The objective of the article is to present new methodological and practical aspects of designing and development of business intelligence tools for the process of economic assessment of share contribution of each railway (considered as a set of structural units within the regional corporate management center) to the results of the activity of JSC Russian Railways.The research while developing and justifying the proposed methodological apparatus used tools for system analysis, methods of decomposition and synthesis, methodology of economic and mathematical modelling, fundamentals of information design theory, as well as methods of factor analysis. As a result, within the framework of improving the business analytics apparatus for complex economic processes as applied to transport management systems, the paper suggests a methodological apparatus for development of multi-stage factor analysis (MFA) based on application of the hierarchical construction principle and the provisions of the root cause analysis (RCA) methodology, comprising integrated mechanisms for visualizing the results of analytical work by shaping chains of information panels, combined into tree structures, according to the principles of building mind maps.The suggested methodological apparatus approved by the considered case may also be applied to a widerange of similar problems in other modes of transport, multimode and combined transportation.

Annual fish of the genus

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to distinguish the notion of legal, forensic and IT functioning of artificial intelligence in current criminal investigation methods.

In this study, the effect of thermal oxidation on the properties of the surface of titanium alloys was examined. Thermal oxidation was carried out at 750 °C within 6 hours, 800 °C within 5 hours, and 850 °C within 4 hours. Electrical resistance of the surface after thermal oxidation was measured. Metallographic analysis, microprobe analysis and X-ray phase analysis were carried out to determine the structure, chemical and phase compound of the oxide layer on the surface of titanium alloys after thermal oxidation. The results indicate that thermal oxidation leads to increase of electrical resistance of the surface of titanium alloys. Microstructural analysis showed that thickness of the oxide layer after thermal oxidation is in the range of 25 to 100 μm. Microprobe and X-ray phase analysis showed that TiO2 and Al2O3 oxides have the best impact on electrical resistance. Two variants of possible application of the results have been presented.

Consequences of development and introduction of information technologies which led to formation of new information and technological way of society, digitalization of all spheres of the human activity having evolutionary value for criminal procedure activities for collecting criminal significant information from digital infrastructure are analyzed in this article. The research objective consists of identification of essence of the legal and information and technological regime of access to the secret protected by the law which is in information and telecommunication networks, databases, digital devices at an initial stage of investigation. In modern information and technological society the system of criminal procedure proof needs modernization. It is necessary to develop the new legal and information and technological regime of access to the secret protected by the law at an initial stage of investigation. The prospects of formation of the new legal and information and technological regime of obtaining evidentiary information are connected with simplification of a criminal procedure form, procedural stages of initiation of legal proceedings and preliminary investigation, introduction of electronic workflow. The methodological basis of a research was made by set of methods of scientific knowledge among which the leading place is taken by a dialectic method. In article methods are used general scientific (dialectics, the analysis and synthesis, abstraction and a specification) and science methods (comparative and legal, technical and legal). A conclusion that in the conditions of the created information and technological mode of accumulation, processing, storage, granting and use of information on significant events, the phenomena the investigator has to obtain criminal and relevant information not so much by means of investigative actions, how many by means of other procedural actions, for example inquiries, copying, receiving and saving the obtained information in departmental information systems became result of a research.

Turbidimetry and gel-permeation chromatography were applied to examine the composition of the polymer-colloid complexes of polyethylenimine with aluminum hydroxychloride. The size-distribution characteristics of the macromolecules of the polymer-colloid complexes were determined by photon correlation spectroscopy.

The effects of concentration, temperature, pH, and ionic strength of a solution on the particle size of aluminum pentahydroxide chloride is studied with photon correlation spectroscopy. It is shown that temperature and aluminum pentahydroxide chloride concentration insignificantly affect the particle size. The addition of hydrochloric acid to the system causes the dissolution of aluminum pentahydroxide chloride. The presence of sodium chloride leads to the compression of the diffuse layer.

Interaction of polyethylenimine with aluminum salts in aqueous solutions was studied; in the process, polymer-colloid complexes exhibiting elevated activity in separation of dispersions with low pH are formed.

Harper's equations for simple and complex two-dimensional lattices subject to a magnetic field have been derived in the tight-binding approximation. In our derivation we do not neglect the influence of the magnetic field on the electron eigenfunctions and eigenvalues in isolated atoms. Using a variational procedure for finding eigenfunctions and eigenvalues, we have self-consistently obtained Hofstadter's butterflies. Even for a simple square lattice Hofstadter's butterfly differs from the butterfly obtained in the case in which the influence of the magnetic field on the electron eigenvalues and eigenfunctions in isolated atoms is not taken into account.

Cloud computing allows us to solve problems of information on a global scale and of a full range of tasks. Cloud computing has many advantages, but the reliability of data protection is a major concern of provider-client, industry, and governmental regulation. These information systems must comply with existing standards and anticipate new standards of information security. The legal process must distinguish who is responsible for what within a dynamically changing infrastructure significantly different from traditional models. The authors first examine the models and substance of regulation as established by service-level agreements between cloud providers, their clients, and their clients' customers. The authors discuss industry self-regulation and government regulations regarding data protection, privacy, criminal and tort law, and intellectual property law complicated by the inherent cross-jurisdictional nature of cloud computing.

We calculate the gravitational correction to the phase difference between neutrino mass eigenstates. There is a number of papers, where this correction was calculated for the spherically symmetric gravitational field described by the Schwarzschild metric. The results of these papers differ from each other. Our result is close to that of Bhattachary, Habib and Mottola (see ref. [3,6]) and differs only by a coefficient: our correction is twice smaller., Comment: 6 pages