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Abstract Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal progressive lung disease entailing significant impairment in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and high socioeconomic burden. The course of IPF includes episodes of acute exacerbations (AE-IPF) leading to poor outcomes. This study aimed to compare management, costs and HRQoL of patients with AE-IPF to patients without AE-IPF during one year in Spain. Materials and methods In a 12-month, prospective, observational, multicenter study of IPF patients, healthcare resource use was recorded and costs related to AE-IPF were estimated and compared between patients with and without AE-IPF. HRQoL was measured with the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), EuroQoL 5 dimensions 5 levels questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), EQ-5D visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) and the Barthel Index. Results 204 IPF patients were included: 22 (10.8%) experienced ≥ 1 acute exacerbation, and 182 (89.2%) did not. Patients with exacerbations required more primary care visits, nursing home visits, emergency visits, hospital admissions, pharmacological treatments and transport use (p

The pseudoscorpion family Withiidae is widely distributed around the world, with most of its diversity in tropical areas. Five new species and a new genus from Colombia are described: Cystowithius florezi sp. nov., Parawithius bromelicola sp. nov., Oligowithius achagua sp. nov., and the genus Paciwithius gen. nov. with two species Paciwithius valduparensis sp. nov. and Paciwithius chimbilacus sp. nov. A reassessment of the subgenus Dolichowithius (Oligowithius) Beier, 1936 allows the elevation to a full generic level, and the transfer of the only known species to Oligowithius, forming the new combination Oligowithius abnormis (Beier, 1936), comb. nov.

Introducción: la enfermedad de Pompe es una enfermedad genética multisistémica y rápidamente progresiva, que causa compromiso muscular (esquelético, cardíaco y liso), severa hipotonía y dificultad en la deglución. Debido a la naturaleza de la enfermedad, la calidad de vida de las personas que la padecen puede verse más afectada con respecto a la población general. Método: se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se diseñó un instrumento tipo encuesta con preguntas de caracterización sociodemográfica y referentes a la enfermedad. Para medir la calidad de vida se aplicó el Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) Questionnaire. Se hizo una comparación entre grupos, con nivel de significancia de 0,05. Resultados: se obtuvieron encuestas de 27 pacientes de seis países. La edad media fue de 40,52 años, el 59?% fueron mujeres, el 51?% casados, el 63?% activos laboralmente, con edad media de diagnóstico de 30,3 años (SD = 15,557). La dimensión con menor media fue el rol físico (10,2; IC 95?% = 1,5-21,9), mientras que la de mayor media fue la salud mental (65,5; IC 95?% = 56,9-74,0). El 29,7?% (IC 95?% = 11,2-48,0) de los encuestados consideró sentirse en peores condiciones de salud que el año anterior. Discusión: se evidencia una baja calidad de vida en pacientes con EP, en comparación con la población general, si se tienen en cuenta otros estudios que utilizan el mismo cuestionario. Conclusiones: se evidencia una baja calidad de vida en los pacientes con enfermedad de Pompe participantes; las dimensiones asociadas con parámetros físicos fueron las de menores puntuaciones.

Abstract Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease associated with decline in lung function and poor prognosis entailing significant impairment in quality of life and high socioeconomic burden. The aim of this study was to characterize clinical management and resources utilization of patients with IPF in Spain, according to predicted forced vital capacity (FVC) % at baseline. Methods Prospective, non-interventional, multicentric real-world data study in patients with IPF in Spain with 12-months follow-up. Clinical management and resources utilization during study period were recorded and compared between groups. FVC decline and acute exacerbations occurrence and associated healthcare resource use were also analysed. FVC decline after 12 months was estimated as relative change. Results 204 consecutive patients with IPF were included and divided according to baseline FVC % predicted value. At baseline, patients with FVC 10% in the more preserved lung function groups than in the FVC

Abstract Medical research is progressing to clarify the full spectrum of sub-acute and long-term effects of the post-COVID-19 syndrome. However, most manuscripts published to date only analyze the effects of post-COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital, which may induce significant bias. Here, we propose a pioneering study to analyze the single and multiple associations between post-COVID-19 characteristics with up to 6-months of follow-up in hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The cohort study was conducted from May to October 2020 at the University Hospital Virgen de la Nieves, the leading hospital assigned for patients with COVID-19 in Granada, Spain. A total of 372 and 217 patients—with 217 and 207 included in the first and second follow-up visits—were referred 2 and 6 months after diagnosing COVID-19, respectively. We find out that post-COVID-19 clinical and mental health impairment symptoms are correlated with patient gender. Logistic adjustments showed strong statistically robust single and multiple associations of demographic, clinical, mental health, X-ray, laboratory indices, and pulmonary function variables. The functional lung tests are good predictors of chest CT imaging abnormalities in elderly patients. Bilateral lung involvement, subpleural reticulum, ground-glass opacity, peripheral lung lesions, and bronchiectasis were the most common findings of the high-resolution computed tomography images. Non-hospitalized patients suffer more severe thromboembolic events and fatigue than those hospitalized.

Respiratory function deficits are common sequelae for COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to identify the medical conditions that may influence lung function impairment at 12 months after SARS-CoV2 infection and to analyze the role of alpha-1 antytripsin (AAT) deficiciency (AATD). A cohort study was conducted on hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients in Granada (Spain) during the first infection wave who were referred to a post-COVID-19 hospital clinic. The patients were monitored with three follow-up visits from May 2020 to May 2021. Previous medical history, hospital admission data, baseline parameters and physical examination data were collected at the first visit. Pulmonary function tests were performed at 6 and 12 months together with the determination of AAT level and AATD genotype. After 12 months, 49 out of 157 patients (31.2%) continued to have lung function impairment. A multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant association of lung function impairment with: higher Charlson index; pneumonia with a central and/or mixed distribution; anemia on admission; time in intensive care; need for corticosteroid boluses; abnormal respiratory sounds at 6 months; elevated lactate dehydrogenase at 12 months; abnormal AAT; and MZ genotype. Our results suggest that these medical conditions predispose COVID-19 patients to develop long-term lung function sequelae.

The Dry Tropical Forest (DTF) is one of the most diverse yet threatened biomes of Colombia. There is limited information about the richness of the order Pseudoscorpiones (Arachnida) in this ecosystem in the country. Pseudoscorpions are ecologically interesting, as they may be good indicators of habitat conservation. However, it is still necessary to gather more knowledge related to its spatio-temporal variation. In this study, pseudoscorpion diversity variation was assessed in two fragments of the Dry Tropical Forest in the Caribbean region of Colombian: Reserva Campesina La Montaña (RCM) and Reserva La Flecha (RLF). Four samplings were carried out between March and September of 2016 to include the dry and rainy season. Pseudoscorpions were collected using litter sifting (SL) and manual capture (MC). A total of 260 individuals belonging to five families and eight species were collected. The most abundant was Pachyolpium granulatum (Olpiidae) and the richest family was Chernetidae. The collection methods were effective and complementary. Spatial variation was significant, but no temporal variation was observed however, there was a marked difference between the abundance at RCM in the dry season and the rainy season. In contrast, at RLF most individuals were found in the dry season in comparison with the rainy season. These new faunistic data is the first of its order in the Atlántico and Bolívar department.

Resumen: El síndrome de Goodpasture (SGP) es un trastorno autoinmune raro, de etiología desconocida, con una incidencia de 0,1 casos por millón de habitantes. Se caracteriza por la asociación de hemorragia alveolar, glomerulonefritis rápidamente progresiva y positividad para anticuerpos anti-membrana basal glomerular (anticuerpos anti-MBG). Un tercio de los pacientes con SGP presentan anticuerpos anticitoplasma de neutrófilo (ANCA), en su mayoría p-ANCA. Para el diagnóstico clínico es necesaria la presencia de manifestaciones renales y pulmonares, apareciendo por lo general primero los síntomas pulmonares (siendo la hemoptisis el más frecuente). El síndrome se sospecha en pacientes con hemoptisis o hematuria, y se confirma por la presencia de anticuerpos anti-MBG en la sangre o en una muestra de biopsia renal. El tratamiento actual incluye plasmaféresis, corticoides e inmunodepresores, y está orientado al manejo de las complicaciones por sangrado, como son la anemia o la inestabilidad hemodinámica, y a la disminución de la cantidad de anticuerpos circulantes. En cuanto al pronóstico, la mayoría de los casos progresan a insuficiencia renal terminal; si bien cuando el tratamiento se inicia antes de la aparición de insuficiencia respiratoria o renal) el pronóstico es bueno. La afectación del sistema nervioso central (SNC) en el SGP es extremadamente infrecuente en ausencia de ANCA; solo se han descrito 4 casos en la bibliografía, y todos ellos —con o sin hemoptisis— presentaron crisis convulsivas recurrentes relacionadas con vasculitis cerebral. El objetivo de esta nota clínica es presentar y discutir el caso de un paciente de 81 años de edad que, tras comenzar con hemoptisis, fue diagnosticado de SGP y desarrolló deterioro progresivo del nivel de conciencia e insuficiencia hepática aguda que culminó con el fallecimiento del paciente a los 19 días de haber ingresado en el hospital. Abstract: Goodpasture syndrome (GPS) is a rare autoimmune disorder whose aetiology is still unknown, with an incidence of .1 cases per million inhabitants. It is characterized by the association of alveolar haemorrhage, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies (anti-MBG antibodies). A third of patients with GSP have anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), mostly p-ANCA. For clinical diagnosis the presence of renal and pulmonary manifestations is required, of which pulmonary symptoms (most commonly haemoptysis) usually precede renal manifestations. The syndrome is suspected in patients with haemoptysis or haematuria and is confirmed by the presence of anti-MBG antibodies in the blood or in a renal biopsy sample. Current treatment includes plasmapheresis, corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, and is aimed at the management of bleeding complications, such as anaemia or haemodynamic instability, and the decrease in the amount of circulating antibodies. In terms of prognosis, most patients will invariably progress to end-stage renal failure; however, prognosis is better if treatment is started before the onset of respiratory or renal failure. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in GPS is extremely rare in the absence of ANCA antibodies; there have only been four cases described in the literature and all of them —with or without haemoptysis— reported recurrent seizures crisis related to cerebral vasculitis. The aim of this case report is to describe and discuss the case of an 81-year-old patient who debuted with haemoptysis and was subsequently diagnosed with SGP and developed progressive deterioration of consciousness, as well as acute liver failure that ended up with the death of the patient 19 days after being admitted to hospital.

The sustainable development permeates the Agenda that contemplates to fulfill 17 goals that guarantee the survival of the society linking strategies between the social, the political, the economic and the environment sectors. Considering the environment as our home it is fundamental to promote agreements to fulfill the Sustainable Development Goals. In March 2015, the Third World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction was held in Sendai, Japan. The Conference generated a Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, which is the spearhead in the construction of an agenda for sustainable development, since it recognizes the need to reduce the loss of human lives by solving problems such as the inappropriate use of land, the precarious implementation of building codes, environmental degradation, poverty, climate change and the weakness of government institutions. Japan before the experience that lived with the triple catastrophe of Fukushima assumes the commitment to fulfill the Sustainable Development Objectives contained in the 2030 Agenda promoting the integration of institutions and policies designed to mitigate the risk of disasters. The challenge will be in the medium and long term to achieve the objectives of sustainable development in light of the challenge that implies the generation of a greater participation of actors not linked to the government, particularly civil society.

Background: Changes in lung cancer has been characterized by the increase of cases among women and the increase in adenocarcinomas among other histological subtypes. Methods: Descriptive analysis of cases diagnosed with lung cancer in Hospital Virgen de las Nieves (Spain) from 1990 to 2010, based on five variables (age, sex, smoking, histology and pathological anatomy). The study establishes associations between these variables and compares the results with the literature. Results: 2,026 patients were diagnosed with lung cancer in this period; 1,838 were males (90.7%) and 188 women (9.3%); 1,892 patients (93.4%) were smokers or ex-smokers and 134 (6.6%) had never smoked; the most frequent non-small cell histology types were squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma and it was the most frequent neoplasia in women and were associated with a lower tobacco consumption. Conclusion: The large majority of lung cancer cases is associated with a history of smoking tobacco and there are histopathological differences according to gender and cumulative tobacco smoke load.

Se realizó una evaluación de la diversidad de pseudoescorpiones en la región Andina nororiental de Colombia. Se revisó la colección aracnológica del Instituto de Ciencias Naturales y se efectuaron muestreos en tres sitios de los departamentos de Santander y Norte de Santander durante una semana mediante revisión manual de cernido de hojarasca. Se estudiaron 94 ejemplares y se encontraron nueve morfoespecies pertenecientes a seis géneros de las familias Tridenchthoniidae, Syarinidae, Olpiidae, Withiidae y Chernetidae. Se amplía la distribución altitudinal de Ideobisium peckorum, geográfica de Ideobisium puertoricense y la familia Tridenchthoniidae, la cual se registra por primera vez para Colombia.

Revista seriada del Instituto Humboldt en asocio con el Invemar, el Instituto de Ciencias Naturales (ICN) y el Missouri Botanical Garden, como una estrategia para ampliar la base del conocimiento de uno de los países con mayor diversidad biológica del mundo. Inicia como una publicación de listados de especies pero en 2005 amplía su espectro temático hacia la sistemática y la biogeografía. En 2010, a propósito del Año Internacional de la Biodiversidad y en pro del conocimiento, la conservación y el uso sostenible de la biodiversidad, se abre a un público más amplio, considerando trabajos inéditos de investigación sobre botánica, zoología, ecología, biología, limnología, pesquerías, conservación, manejo de recursos y uso de la biodiversidad, con buena aceptación por parte de la comunidad científica y académica. En 2013, en asocio con el SiB Colombia y con el apoyo de la GBIF, se institucionaliza la inclusión de Artículos de Datos (Data Papers) en Biota Colombiana.

This article discusses the importance of developing essential teaching skills for the successful management of family businesses in higher education, based on a study conducted in Mexican universities. The research highlights the key competencies needed for managing family businesses, including communication, leadership, problem-solving, teamwork, financial management, human resources, marketing, sales, innovation, and entrepreneurship. The article emphasizes the need for specialized programs in higher education institutions to train future leaders in family businesses and highlights the role of universities in supporting family entrepreneurship through resources, understanding, financial support, mentoring, and training. The study concludes that teaching competencies are crucial for managing family businesses and recommends further training and support for teachers in this area. [Extracted from the article]