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1. PSALTer: Particle Spectrum for Any Tensor Lagrangian

Author

Barker, Will, Marzo, Carlo, and Rigouzzo, Claire

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

We present the PSALTer software for efficiently computing the mass and energy of the particle spectrum for any (e.g. higher-rank) tensor field theory in the Wolfram Language. The user must provide a Lagrangian density which is expanded quadratically in the fields around a Minkowski vacuum, is linear in the coupling coefficients, and otherwise built from the partial derivative and Minkowski metric. PSALTer automatically computes the spin-projection operators, saturated propagator, bare masses, residues of massive and massless poles and overall unitarity conditions in terms of the coupling coefficients. The constraints on the source currents and total number of gauge symmetries are produced as a by-product. We provide examples from scalar, vector, tensor and gauge theories of gravity. Each example, including spectra of higher-spin modified gravity theories, may be obtained on a personal computer in a matter of minutes. The software is also parallelised for use on high-performance computing resources. The initial release allows for parity-preserving operators constructed from fields of up to rank three: this functionality will be extended in future versions. PSALTer is a contribution to the xAct project., Comment: 47 pages, 45 figures, comments welcome!

Published
2024

2. A decomposition of light's spin angular momentum density

Author

Vernon, Alex J., Golat, Sebastian, Rigouzzo, Claire, Lim, Eugene A., and Rodríguez-Fortuño, Francisco J.

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Physics - Classical Physics
Abstract

Light carries intrinsic spin angular momentum (SAM) when the electric or magnetic field vector rotates over time. A familiar vector equation calculates the direction of light's SAM density using the right hand rule with reference to the electric and magnetic polarisation ellipses. Using Maxwell's equations, this vector equation can be decomposed into a sum of two distinct terms, akin to the well-known Poynting vector decomposition into orbital and spin currents. We present the first general study of this spin decomposition, showing that the two terms, which we call canonical and Poynting spin, are chiral analogies to the canonical and spin momenta of light in its interaction with matter. Both canonical and Poynting spin incorporate spatial variation of the electric and magnetic fields and are influenced by optical orbital angular momentum (OAM). The decomposition allows us to show that the OAM of a linearly polarised vortex beam can impart a first-order preferential force to chiral matter in the absence of spin., Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures. SI included

Published
2023

3. Coupling Metric-Affine Gravity to the Standard Model and Dark Matter Fermions

Author

Rigouzzo, Claire and Zell, Sebastian

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

General Relativity (GR) exists in different formulations, which are equivalent in pure gravity. Once matter is included, however, observable predictions generically depend on the version of GR. In order to quantify the resulting ambiguity, we employ metric-affine gravity, which encompasses as special cases the metric, Palatini, Einstein-Cartan and Weyl formulations. We first discuss the interaction of fermions with torsion and non-metricity, also commenting on projective symmetry. With a view towards the Standard Model, we then construct a generic model of (complex) scalar, fermionic and gauge fields coupled to GR and derive an equivalent metric theory, which features numerous new interaction terms. As a first observable consequence, we point out that a gravitational mechanism for producing dark matter in the form of singlet fermions can be used to distinguish between metric gravity and other formulations of GR., Comment: 54 pages, 3 appendices; v2: small improvements and moved some material from main part to appendices, matches published version (up to references)

Published
2023
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5. A decomposition of light’s spin angular momentum density

Author

Alex J. Vernon, Sebastian Golat, Claire Rigouzzo, Eugene A. Lim, and Francisco J. Rodríguez-Fortuño

Subjects
Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820, Optics. Light, QC350-467
Abstract

Abstract Light carries intrinsic spin angular momentum (SAM) when the electric or magnetic field vector rotates over time. A familiar vector equation calculates the direction of light’s SAM density using the right-hand rule with reference to the electric and magnetic polarisation ellipses. Using Maxwell’s equations, this vector equation can be decomposed into a sum of two distinct terms, akin to the well-known Poynting vector decomposition into orbital and spin currents. We present the first general study of this spin decomposition, showing that the two terms, which we call canonical and Poynting spin, are chiral analogies to the canonical and spin momenta of light in its interaction with matter. Like canonical momentum, canonical spin is directly measurable. Both canonical and Poynting spin incorporate spatial variation of the electric and magnetic fields and are influenced by optical vortices. The decomposition allows us to show that a linearly polarised vortex beam, which has no total SAM, can nevertheless exert longitudinal chiral pressure due to equal and opposite canonical and Poynting spins.

Published
2024
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6. Coupling Metric-Affine Gravity to a Higgs-Like Scalar Field

Author

Rigouzzo, Claire and Zell, Sebastian

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

General Relativity (GR) exists in different formulations. They are equivalent in pure gravity but generically lead to distinct predictions once matter is included. After a brief overview of various versions of GR, we focus on metric-affine gravity, which avoids any assumption about the vanishing of curvature, torsion or non-metricity. We use it to construct an action of a scalar field coupled non-minimally to gravity. It encompasses as special cases numerous previously studied models. Eliminating non-propagating degrees of freedom, we derive an equivalent theory in the metric formulation of GR. Finally, we give a brief outlook to implications for Higgs inflation., Comment: 49 pages, 5 figures, 3 appendices; v2: minor improvements and references added; v3: simplified eqs. (3.15) and (3.16), matches published version (including Correction)

Published
2022
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8. Trends in Maternal Mortality From Obstetric Hemorrhage in France: 15 Years of Confidential Enquiry Into Maternal Deaths

Author

Bonnet, Marie-Pierre, de Vries, Pauline L.M., Levet, Solène, Saucedo, Monica, Morau, Estelle, Dreyfus, Michel, Goffinet, François, Deneux-Tharaux, Catherine, Bruyère, Marie, Cohen, Henri, Ducloy, Jean-Claude, Gomes, Eugênia, Jonard, Marie, Laplace, Jean-Pierre, Le Guern, Véronique, Leroux, Sylvie, Morgand, Claire, Proust, Alain, Rigouzzo, Agnès, Rossignol, Mathias, Tessier, Véronique, Verspyck, Éric, and Weber, Philippe

Published
2024
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12. Republication de : recommandations formalisées d’experts. Prise en charge de la patiente avec une pré-éclampsie sévère

Author

Bonnet, Marie-Pierre, Garnier, Marc, Keita, Hawa, Compère, Vincent, Arthuis, Chloé, Raia-Barjat, Tiphaine, Berveiller, Paul, Burey, Julien, Bouvet, Lionel, Bruyère, Marie, Castel, Adeline, Clouqueur, Elodie, Estevez, Max Gonzalez, Faitot, Valentina, Fischer, Catherine, Fuchs, Florent, Lecarpentier, Edouard, Le Gouez, Agnès, Rigouzzo, Agnès, Rossignol, Mathias, Simon, Emmanuel, Vial, Florence, Vivanti, Alexandre, Zieleskewicz, Laurent, Sénat, Marie-Victoire, Schmitz, Thomas, and Sentilhes, Loïc

Published
2023
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13. Tranexamic acid dose–response relationship for antifibrinolysis in postpartum haemorrhage during Caesarean delivery: TRACES, a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, dose-ranging biomarker study

Author

Huissoud, Cyril, Garabedian, Charles, Lassalle, Fanny, Mercier, Frederic J., Barre-Drouard, Catherine, Estevez, Max Gonzalez, Corouge, Julien, Baptiste, Anne-Sophie, Dalmas, Anne-Frédérique, Richart, Pierre, Ducloy-Bouthors, Anne-Sophie, Gilliot, Sixtine, Kyheng, Maeva, Faraoni, David, Turbelin, Alexandre, Keita-Meyer, Hawa, Rigouzzo, Agnès, Moyanotidou, Gabriela, Constant, Benjamin, Broisin, Francoise, Gouez, Agnès L., Favier, Rémi, Peynaud, Edith, Ghesquiere, Louise, Lebuffe, Gilles, Duhamel, Alain, Allorge, Delphine, Susen, Sophie, Hennart, Benjamin, Jeanpierre, Emmanuelle, and Odou, Pascal

Published
2022
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16. Maternal mortality due to obstetric hemorrhage by surgical injury during cesarean section: A nationwide study.

Author

de Vries, Pauline L. M., Verspyck, Eric, Morau, Estelle, Saucedo, Monica, Deneux‐Tharaux, Catherine, Bonnin, Martine, Bruyère, Marie, Chiesa‐Dubruille, Coralie, Dreyfus, Michel, Gomes, Eugênia, Grosseti, Elizabeth, Jonard, Marie, Laplace, Jean‐Pierre, Le Guern, Véronique, Lejeune, Véronique, Lepercq, Jacques, Proust, Alain, Rigouzzo, Agnès, Rossignol, Mathias, and Tessier, Véronique

Subjects
CESAREAN section, MATERNAL mortality, SURGICAL blood loss, POSTPARTUM hemorrhage, DELAYED diagnosis, UTERINE rupture
Abstract

Introduction: Obstetric hemorrhage remains a largely preventable cause of maternal mortality globally. The contribution of uterine atony to hemorrhage‐related maternal mortality has decreased in France, while the contribution of other causes of obstetric hemorrhage such as surgical injury during cesarean has been reported to increase. However, little evidence exists regarding the risk factors and care processes of women who died from this cause of hemorrhage. Therefore, we aimed to describe the clinical profile, underlying mechanisms, and preventability factors among women who died from obstetric hemorrhage by surgical injury during cesarean section. Material and Methods: Nationwide analysis of all hemorrhage‐related maternal deaths by surgical injury during cesarean in France identified by the nationwide permanent enhanced maternal mortality surveillance system (ENCMM) between 2007 and 2018. We described the characteristics of the women, delivery hospitals, circumstances of hemorrhage, features of obstetric and resuscitation/transfusion care, and main preventability factors. Results: Between 2007 and 2018, hemorrhage‐related maternal mortality in France decreased from 1.6/100 000 live births (95% CI 1.1–2.2) (39/2 472 650) in 2007–2009 to 0.8/100 000 live births (95% CI 0.5–1.3) (19/2 311 783) in 2016–2018. Hemorrhage‐related maternal mortality ratio due to surgical injury during cesarean increased from 0.08 (95% CI 0.01–0.3) (2/2 472 650) to 0.2 (95% CI 0.07–0.5) (5/2 311 783) per 100 000 live births. Among the 18 women who died from surgical injury during cesarean over the 12‐year study period, we report a high prevalence of obesity (67%, 12/18), previous cesarean (72%, 13/18), and second‐stage cesareans (56%, 10/18). In 22% (4/18), cesarean section was performed in a hospital providing <1000 births annually, with no blood bank (39%, 7/18) or no adult intensive care (44%, 8/18) on‐site. Overall preventability of deaths was 94% (17/18). Main preventability factors were related to delay in hemorrhage diagnosis (77%, 14/18) due to late recognition of abnormal parameters (33%, 6/18) and late bedside ultrasound (56%, 10/18), and delay in management due to insufficient surgical skills (56%, 10/18). Conclusions: In France, surgical injury during cesarean section is an increasing, largely preventable contributor to hemorrhage‐related maternal mortality, as other causes of fatal hemorrhage have become less frequent. The profile of these women showed a high prevalence of obesity, previous cesarean, second‐stage cesarean, and delivery in hospitals with limited medical and surgical resources, which suggests explanatory mechanisms for the fatal outcome and opportunities for prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Republication de : recommandations formalisées d’experts. Prise en charge de la patiente avec une pré-éclampsie sévère–RFE communes Société française d’anesthésie-réanimation (SFAR)–Collège national des gynécologues et obstétriciens français (CGNOF)

Author

Bonnet, M.-P., Garnier, M., Keita, H., Compere, V., Arthuis, C., Raia-Barjat, T., Berveiller, P., Burey, J., Bouvet, L., Bruyère, M., Castel, A., Clouqueur, E., Estevez, M. Gonzalez, Faitot, V., Fischer, C., Fuchs, F., Lecarpentier, E., Le Gouez, A., Rigouzzo, A., Rossignol, M., Simon, E., Vial, F., Vivanti, A.J., Zieleskewicz, L., Sénat, M.-V., Schmitz, T., and Sentilhes, L.

Published
2022
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20. Open fetal surgery for myelomeningocele repair in France

Author

Guilbaud, Lucie, Maurice, Paul, Lallemant, Pauline, De Saint-Denis, Timothée, Maisonneuve, Emeline, Dhombres, Ferdinand, Friszer, Stéphanie, Di Rocco, Federico, Garel, Catherine, Moutard, Marie-Laure, Lachtar, Mohamed-Ali, Rigouzzo, Agnès, Forin, Véronique, Zérah, Michel, and Jouannic, Jean-Marie

Published
2021
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21. Guidelines for the management of women with severe pre-eclampsia

Author

Bonnet, Marie-Pierre, Garnier, Marc, Keita, Hawa, Compère, Vincent, Arthuis, Chloé, Raia-Barjat, Tiphaine, Berveiller, Paul, Burey, Julien, Bouvet, Lionel, Bruyère, Marie, Castel, Adeline, Clouqueur, Elodie, Gonzalez Estevez, Max, Faitot, Valentina, Fischer, Catherine, Fuchs, Florent, Lecarpentier, Edouard, Le Gouez, Agnès, Rigouzzo, Agnès, Rossignol, Mathias, Simon, Emmanuel, Vial, Florence, Vivanti, Alexandre J., Zieleskiewicz, Laurent, Sénat, Marie-Victoire, Schmitz, Thomas, and Sentilhes, Loïc

Published
2021
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27. Incidence and risk factors for maternal hypoxaemia during induction of general anaesthesia for non-elective Caesarean section: a prospective multicentre study

Author

Amiel, I., Balcan, J., Chabbouh, S., Chatti, C., Dewachter, P., Le Gouez, A., Leguen, M., Louvet, N., Médioni, P., Rackelboom, T., Rezig, K., Rigouzzo, A., Rossignol, M., Rousset, J., Taureau, I., Vermersch, C., Verrieres, D., Verton, C., Bonnet, Marie-Pierre, Mercier, Frédéric J., Vicaut, Eric, Galand, Anne, Keita, Hawa, and Baillard, Christophe

Published
2020
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32. Tranexamic acid dose–response relationship for antifibrinolysis in postpartum haemorrhage during Caesarean delivery: TRACES, a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, dose-ranging biomarker study

Author

Anne-Sophie Ducloy-Bouthors, Sixtine Gilliot, Maeva Kyheng, David Faraoni, Alexandre Turbelin, Hawa Keita-Meyer, Agnès Rigouzzo, Gabriela Moyanotidou, Benjamin Constant, Francoise Broisin, Agnès L. Gouez, Rémi Favier, Edith Peynaud, Louise Ghesquiere, Gilles Lebuffe, Alain Duhamel, Delphine Allorge, Sophie Susen, Benjamin Hennart, Emmanuelle Jeanpierre, Pascal Odou, Cyril Huissoud, Charles Garabedian, Fanny Lassalle, Frederic J. Mercier, Catherine Barre-Drouard, Max Gonzalez Estevez, Julien Corouge, Anne-Sophie Baptiste, Anne-Frédérique Dalmas, Pierre Richart, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille], Service de Biostatistiques [CHRU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 (METRICS), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandres, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Toxicologie et Génopathies [CHRU Lille], Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 [GRITA], Evaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicales - ULR 2694 [METRICS], Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées (GRITA) - ULR 7365, Récepteurs nucléaires, Maladies Cardiovasculaires et Diabète (EGID) - U1011, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] [CHRU Lille], and Récepteurs nucléaires, maladies cardiovasculaires et diabète - U 1011 [RNMCD]

Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tranexamic Acid, Double-Blind Method, Pregnancy, Cesarean Section, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Postpartum Hemorrhage, Humans, Female, Fibrinolysin, Blood Coagulation Disorders, Antifibrinolytic Agents, Biomarkers
Abstract

International audience; BackgroundThe optimal dose of tranexamic acid to inhibit hyperfibrinolysis in postpartum haemorrhage is unclear. Tranexamic Acid to Reduce Blood Loss in Hemorrhagic Cesarean Delivery (TRACES) was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, multicentre dose-ranging study to determine the dose–effect relationship for two regimens of intravenous tranexamic acid vs placebo.MethodsWomen experiencing postpartum haemorrhage during Caesarean delivery were randomised to receive placebo (n=60), tranexamic acid 0.5 g (n=57), or tranexamic acid 1 g i.v. (n=58). Biomarkers of fibrinolytic activation were assayed at five time points, with inhibition of hyperfibrinolysis defined as reductions in the increase over baseline in D-dimer and plasmin–antiplasmin levels and in the plasmin peak time.ResultsIn the placebo group, hyperfibrinolysis was evidenced by a mean increase over baseline [95% confidence interval] of 93% [68–118] for D-dimer level at 120 min and 56% [25–87] for the plasmin–antiplasmin level at 30 min. A dose of tranexamic acid 1 g was associated with smaller increases over baseline (D-dimers: 38% [13–63] [P=0.003 vs placebo]; plasmin–antiplasmin: –2% [–32 to 28] [P=0.009 vs placebo]). A dose of tranexamic acid 0.5 g was less potent, with non-significant reductions (D-dimers: 58% [32–84] [P=0.06 vs placebo]; plasmin–antiplasmin: 13% [18–43] [P=0.051]). Although both tranexamic acid doses reduced the plasmin peak, reduction in plasmin peak time was significant only for the 1 g dose of tranexamic acid.ConclusionsFibrinolytic activation was significantly inhibited by a dose of intravenous tranexamic acid 1 g but not 0.5 g. Pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic modelling of these data might identify the best pharmacodynamic monitoring criteria and the optimal tranexamic acid dosing regimen for treatment of postpartum haemorrhage.

Published
2022

39. Binational confidential enquiry of maternal deaths due to postpartum hemorrhage in France and the Netherlands: Lessons learned through the perspective of a different context of care

Author

MS Verloskunde, Child Health, de Vries, P L M, van den Akker, T, Bloemenkamp, K W M, Grossetti, E, Rigouzzo, A, Saucedo, M, Verspyck, E, Zwart, J, Deneux-Tharaux, C, MS Verloskunde, Child Health, de Vries, P L M, van den Akker, T, Bloemenkamp, K W M, Grossetti, E, Rigouzzo, A, Saucedo, M, Verspyck, E, Zwart, J, and Deneux-Tharaux, C

Published
2023

40. Renal Cortical Necrosis in Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Case Series

Author

Frimat, Marie, Decambron, Melanie, Lebas, Celine, Moktefi, Anissa, Lemaitre, Laurent, Gnemmi, Viviane, Sautenet, Benedicte, Glowacki, François, Subtil, Damien, Jourdain, Mercedes, Rigouzzo, Agnes, Brocheriou, Isabelle, Halimi, Jean-Michel, Rondeau, Eric, Noel, Christian, Provôt, François, and Hertig, Alexandre

Published
2016
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41. L’acide tranexamique i.v. pour inhiber l’hyperfibrinolyse au cours d’une césarienne hémorragique : quelle dose administrer ? Étude pharmaco-biologique dose–effet contrôlée randomisée double aveugle (traces)

Author

Bouthors, A., primary, Gilliot, S., additional, Maeva, K., additional, Turbelin, A., additional, Keita, H., additional, Rigouzzo, A., additional, Favier, R., additional, Edith, P., additional, Alain, D., additional, Susen, S., additional, Hennart, B., additional, Jeanpierre, E., additional, and Odou, P., additional

Published
2023
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42. Tranexamic acid dose–response relationship for antifibrinolysis in postpartum haemorrhage during Caesarean delivery: TRACES, a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, dose-ranging biomarker study

Author

Ducloy-Bouthors, Anne-Sophie, primary, Gilliot, Sixtine, additional, Kyheng, Maeva, additional, Faraoni, David, additional, Turbelin, Alexandre, additional, Keita-Meyer, Hawa, additional, Rigouzzo, Agnès, additional, Moyanotidou, Gabriela, additional, Constant, Benjamin, additional, Broisin, Francoise, additional, Gouez, Agnès L., additional, Favier, Rémi, additional, Peynaud, Edith, additional, Ghesquiere, Louise, additional, Lebuffe, Gilles, additional, Duhamel, Alain, additional, Allorge, Delphine, additional, Susen, Sophie, additional, Hennart, Benjamin, additional, Jeanpierre, Emmanuelle, additional, Odou, Pascal, additional, Huissoud, Cyril, additional, Garabedian, Charles, additional, Lassalle, Fanny, additional, Mercier, Frederic J., additional, Barre-Drouard, Catherine, additional, Estevez, Max Gonzalez, additional, Corouge, Julien, additional, Baptiste, Anne-Sophie, additional, Dalmas, Anne-Frédérique, additional, and Richart, Pierre, additional

Published
2022
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46. Maternal mortality in women with pre-viable premature rupture of membranes: An analysis from the French confidential enquiry into maternal deaths

Author

Ylann, Abrahami, Monica, Saucedo, Agnès, Rigouzzo, Catherine, Deneux-Tharaux, and Elie, Azria

Subjects
Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture, Maternal Mortality, Pregnancy, Maternal Death, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Humans, Premature Birth, Female, Gestational Age, General Medicine
Abstract

Pre-viable premature rupture of membranes (pre-viable PROM) is a rare event occurring in less than 1% of pregnancies. Nevertheless, it can be responsible for severe maternal complications, the risk of which needs to be balanced with the possibility to prolong the pregnancy up to viable gestational age. Maternal sepsis was reported in 1%-5% of women who received conservative management and prophylactic antibiotics, but information on maternal mortality is lacking. Our objective was to identify maternal deaths in women who had pre-viable PROM, describe the characteristics of the women, explore preventability factors within the care they received, and estimate the lethality of pre-viable PROM.We identified all maternal deaths associated with pre-viable PROM from the 2001-2015 French National Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths (NCMM). Data on women's characteristics and the care they received were extracted from the ENCMM database. The lethality was determined after estimating the total number of pregnant women with pre-viable PROM from the national hospital discharge database.Between 2001 and 2015, we identified seven maternal deaths associated with pre-viable PROM, representing 0.6% of all maternal deaths over this period (ie, maternal mortality ratio 0.06/100 000 live births). Six maternal deaths were attributed to sepsis after genital infection by Gram-negative bacilli and one to postpartum hemorrhage due to placenta accreta. Four of these seven cases were considered preventable. The main preventability factors were delayed diagnosis, delayed fetal extraction, and inappropriate antibiotic treatment. The estimated lethality was 4.5/10 000 women with pre-viable PROM.Maternal death associated with pre-viable PROM is rare but possible. Most of these deaths seem preventable, with areas for improvement related to earlier diagnosis and better treatment of uterine infections, which can evolve rapidly.

Published
2022

47. Coupling metric-affine gravity to a Higgs-like scalar field

Author

Sebastian Zell and Claire Rigouzzo

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, fundamental particles, space, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, torsion theories, variational-principles, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), hypermomentum, High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), hamiltonian analysis, poincare gauge-theory, inflation, general-relativity, energy, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

General Relativity (GR) exists in different formulations. They are equivalent in pure gravity but generically lead to distinct predictions once matter is included. After a brief overview of various versions of GR, we focus on metric-affine gravity, which avoids any assumption about the vanishing of curvature, torsion or non-metricity. We use it to construct an action of a scalar field coupled non-minimally to gravity. It encompasses as special cases numerous previously studied models. Eliminating non-propagating degrees of freedom, we derive an equivalent theory in the metric formulation of GR. Finally, we give a brief outlook to implications for Higgs inflation., 49 pages, 5 figures, 3 appendices; v2: minor improvements and references added, matches published version

Published
2022

48. Embolie pulmonaire et grossesse

Author

A. Rigouzzo and Mathias Rossignol

Subjects
03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Emergency Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Emergency Nursing
Abstract

Resume La grossesse et le post-partum sont des periodes ou le risque d’embolie pulmonaire est augmente du fait d’une hypercoagulabilite, d’une stase veineuse et de traumatismes vasculaires eventuels. La physiopathologie de l’embolie pulmonaire fait intervenir une redistribution de la perfusion responsable d’hypoxemie et dans les formes graves une hypertension arterielle pulmonaire responsable de dilatation et d’ischemie du ventricule droit. Certaines parturientes (syndrome des antiphospholipides, mutation du facteur V ou du facteur II) sont particulierement a risque. Ce risque peut etre apprecie a l’aide de score (Dargaud, Strathege) qui permet d’adapter la strategie de prevention. Le seuil des D-dimeres permettant d’eliminer le diagnostic augmente avec l’evolution de la grossesse. La realisation d’un angioscanner thoracique est possible, malgre la grossesse, de meme que l’IRM. Le traitement repose sur les HBPM qui ne passent pas la barriere placentaire. Les antivitamines K sont contre-indiques au cours de la grossesse. La fibinolyse au cours des formes graves est exceptionnelle mais possible ainsi que le recours a l’ECMO.

Published
2021

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