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1. Rationale and evidence on the use of tocilizumab in COVID-19: a systematic review

Author

A. Cortegiani, M. Ippolito, M. Greco, V. Granone, A. Protti, C. Gregoretti, A. Giarratano, S. Einav, and M. Cecconi

Subjects
COVID-19, Tocilizumab, SARS-CoV-2, Pneumonia, Coronavirus, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Background: Tocilizumab is an IL-6 receptor-blocking agent proposed for the treatment of severe COVID-19. The aim of this systematic review was to describe the rationale for the use of tocilizumab for the treatment of COVID-19 and to summarize the available evidence regarding its efficacy and safety. Methods: MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, pre-print repositories (bioRxiv and medRxiv) and two trial Registries were searched for studies on the use of tocilizumab in COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 infection, viral pneumonia, and/or sepsis until 20th June 2020. Results: We identified 3 indirect pre-clinical studies and 28 clinical studies including 5776 patients with COVID-19 (13 with a comparison group, 15 single-arm). To date, no randomized trials have been published. We retrieved no studies at low risk of bias. Forty-five ongoing studies were retrieved from trial registries. Conclusions: There is insufficient evidence regarding the clinical efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in patients with COVID-19. Its use should be considered experimental, requiring ethical approval and clinical trial oversight.

Published
2021
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9. Correction to: Progression independent of relapse activity in relapsing multiple sclerosis: impact and relationship with secondary progression

Author

Portaccio, Emilio, Betti, Matteo, De Meo, Ermelinda, Addazio, Ilaria, Pastò, Luisa, Razzolini, Lorenzo, Totaro, Rocco, Spitaleri, Daniele, Lugaresi, Alessandra, Cocco, Eleonora, Onofrj, Marco, Di Palma, Franco, Patti, Francesco, Maimone, Davide, Valentino, Paola, Clerici, Valentina Torri, Protti, Alessandra, Ferraro, Diana, Lus, Giacomo, Maniscalco, Giorgia Teresa, Morra, Vincenzo Brescia, Salemi, Giuseppe, Granella, Franco, Pesci, Ilaria, Bergamaschi, Roberto, Aguglia, Umberto, Vianello, Marika, Simone, Marta, Lepore, Vito, Iaffaldano, Pietro, Comi, Giancarlo, Filippi, Massimo, Trojano, Maria, and Amato, Maria Pia

Published
2024
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10. The Prytanean Society:Remarkable Women

Author

Protti, Maria

Abstract

Short history of the first women's honor society at CAL featuring some of its most remarkable women.

Published
2023

11. Progression independent of relapse activity in relapsing multiple sclerosis: impact and relationship with secondary progression

Author

Portaccio, Emilio, Betti, Matteo, De Meo, Ermelinda, Addazio, Ilaria, Pastò, Luisa, Razzolini, Lorenzo, Totaro, Rocco, Spitaleri, Daniele, Lugaresi, Alessandra, Cocco, Eleonora, Onofrj, Marco, Di Palma, Franco, Patti, Francesco, Maimone, Davide, Valentino, Paola, Torri Clerici, Valentina, Protti, Alessandra, Ferraro, Diana, Lus, Giacomo, Maniscalco, Giorgia Teresa, Brescia Morra, Vincenzo, Salemi, Giuseppe, Granella, Franco, Pesci, Ilaria, Bergamaschi, Roberto, Aguglia, Umberto, Vianello, Marika, Simone, Marta, Lepore, Vito, Iaffaldano, Pietro, Comi, Giancarlo, Filippi, Massimo, Trojano, Maria, and Amato, Maria Pia

Published
2024
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14. Amnion responses to intrauterine inflammation and effects of inhibition of TNF signaling in preterm Rhesus macaque.

Author

Presicce, Pietro, Cappelletti, Monica, Morselli, Marco, Ma, Feiyang, Senthamaraikannan, Paranthaman, Protti, Giulia, Nadel, Brian, Aryan, Laila, Eghbali, Mansoureh, Salwinski, Lukasz, Pithia, Neema, De Franco, Emily, Pellegrini, Matteo, Jobe, Alan, Chougnet, Claire, Miller, Lisa, and Kallapur, Suhas

Subjects
Bioinformatics, Immunology, Omics
Abstract

Intrauterine infection/inflammation (IUI) is a frequent complication of pregnancy leading to preterm labor and fetal inflammation. How inflammation is modulated at the maternal-fetal interface is unresolved. We compared transcriptomics of amnion (a fetal tissue in contact with amniotic fluid) in a preterm Rhesus macaque model of IUI induced by lipopolysaccharide with human cohorts of chorioamnionitis. Bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) amnion transcriptomic profiles were remarkably similar in both Rhesus and human subjects and revealed that induction of key labor-mediating genes such as IL1 and IL6 was dependent on nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling and reversed by the anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antibody Adalimumab. Inhibition of collagen biosynthesis by IUI was partially restored by Adalimumab. Interestingly, single-cell transcriptomics, flow cytometry, and immunohistology demonstrated that a subset of amnion mesenchymal cells (AMCs) increase CD14 and other myeloid cell markers during IUI both in the human and Rhesus macaque. Our data suggest that CD14+ AMCs represent activated AMCs at the maternal-fetal interface.

Published
2023

15. The iteration time and the general position number in graph convexities

Author

Araujo, Julio, Dourado, Mitre C., Protti, Fábio, and Sampaio, Rudini

Subjects
Computer Science - Computational Complexity, Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics, Mathematics - Combinatorics
Abstract

In this paper, we study two graph convexity parameters: iteration time and general position number. The iteration time was defined in 1981 in the geodesic convexity, but its computational complexity was so far open. The general position number was defined in the geodesic convexity and proved NP-hard in 2018. We extend these parameters to any graph convexity and prove that the iteration number is NP-hard in the P3 convexity. We use this result to prove that the iteration time is also NP-hard in the geodesic convexity even in graphs with diameter two, a long standing open question. These results are also important since they are the last two missing NP-hardness results regarding the ten most studied graph convexity parameters in the geodesic and P3 convexities. We also prove that the general position number of the monophonic convexity is W[1]-hard (parameterized by the size of the solution) and $n^{1-\varepsilon}$-inapproximable in polynomial time for any $\varepsilon>0$ unless P=NP, even in graphs with diameter two. Finally, we also obtain FPT results on the general position number in the P3 convexity and we prove that it is W[1]-hard (parameterized by the size of the solution).

Published
2023

16. All-path convexity: Combinatorial and complexity aspects

Author

Protti, Fábio and Thompson, João V. C.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics, 05C85
Abstract

Let $\P$ be any collection of paths of a graph $G=(V,E)$. For $S\subseteq V$, define $I(S)=S\cup\{v\mid v \ \mbox{lies in a path of} \ \P \ \mbox{with endpoints in} \ S\}$. Let $\C$ be the collection of fixed points of the function $I$, that is, $\C=\{S\subseteq V\mid I(S)=S\}$. It is well known that $(V,\C)$ is a finite convexity space, where the members of $\C$ are precisely the convex sets. If $\P$ is taken as the collection of all the paths of $G$, then $(V,\C)$ is the {\em all-path convexity} with respect to graph $G$. In this work we study how important parameters and problems in graph convexity are solved for the all-path convexity., Comment: 11 pages

Published
2023

17. Computing the hull and interval numbers in the weakly toll convexity

Author

Dourado, Mitre C., Gutierrez, Marisa, Protti, Fábio, and Tondato, Silvia

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics, 05C85
Abstract

A walk $u_0u_1 \ldots u_{k-1}u_k$ of a graph $G$ is a \textit{weakly toll walk} if $u_0u_k \not\in E(G)$, $u_0u_i \in E(G)$ implies $u_i = u_1$, and $u_ju_k\in E(G)$ implies $u_j=u_{k-1}$. The {\em weakly toll interval} of a set $S \subseteq V(G)$, denoted by $I(S)$, is formed by $S$ and the vertices belonging to some weakly toll walk between two vertices of $S$. Set $S$ is {\it weakly toll convex} if $I(S) = S$. The {\em weakly toll convex hull} of $S$, denote by $H(S)$, is the minimum weakly toll convex set containing $S$. The {\em weakly toll interval number} of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a set $S \subseteq V(G)$ such that $I(S) = V(G)$; and the {\em weakly toll hull number} of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a set $S \subseteq V(G)$ such that $H(S) = V(G)$. In this work, we show how to compute the weakly toll interval and the weakly toll hull numbers of a graph in polynomial time. In contrast, we show that determining the weakly toll convexity number of a graph $G$ (the size of a maximum weakly toll convex set distinct from $V(G)$) is \NP-hard.

Published
2023

18. Development of clinical tools to estimate the breathing effort during high-flow oxygen therapy: A multicenter cohort study

Author

A. Protti, R. Tonelli, F. Dalla Corte, D.L. Grieco, E. Spinelli, S. Spadaro, D. Piovani, L.S. Menga, G. Schifino, M.L. Vega Pittao, M. Umbrello, G. Cammarota, C.A. Volta, S. Bonovas, M. Cecconi, T. Mauri, and E. Clini

Subjects
esophageal pressure, breathing effort, high-flow oxygen therapy, acute respiratory failure, prediction model, bref, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Introduction and objectives Quantifying breathing effort in non-intubated patients is important but difficult. We aimed to develop two models to estimate it in patients treated with high-flow oxygen therapy. Patients and Methods We analyzed the data of 260 patients from previous studies who received high-flow oxygen therapy. Their breathing effort was measured as the maximal deflection of esophageal pressure (ΔPes). We developed a multivariable linear regression model to estimate ΔPes (in cmH2O) and a multivariable logistic regression model to predict the risk of ΔPes being >10 cmH2O. Candidate predictors included age, sex, diagnosis of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), respiratory rate, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, the results of arterial blood gas analysis, including base excess concentration (BEa) and the ratio of arterial tension to the inspiratory fraction of oxygen (PaO2:FiO2), and the product term between COVID-19 and PaO2:FiO2. Results We found that ΔPes can be estimated from the presence or absence of COVID-19, BEa, respiratory rate, PaO2:FiO2, and the product term between COVID-19 and PaO2:FiO2. The adjusted R2 was 0.39. The risk of ΔPes being >10 cmH2O can be predicted from BEa, respiratory rate, and PaO2:FiO2. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.79 (0.73–0.85). We called these two models BREF, where BREF stands for BReathing EFfort and the three common predictors: BEa (B), respiratory rate (RE), and PaO2:FiO2 (F). Conclusions We developed two models to estimate the breathing effort of patients on high-flow oxygen therapy. Our initial findings are promising and suggest that these models merit further evaluation.

Published
2025
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19. Fractionated alpha and mixed beam radiation promote stronger pro-inflammatory effects compared to acute exposure and trigger phagocytosis

Author

Mostafa Karimi Roshan, Sergey Belikov, Melissa Ix, Nicoletta Protti, Claudia Balducci, Richard Dodel, J. Alexander Ross, and Lovisa Lundholm

Subjects
radiation, microglia, inflammation, DNA damage, cGAS-STING, phagocytosis, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Introduction and methodsAiming to evaluate safety aspects of a recently proposed approach to target Alzheimer’s disease, we mimicked a complex boron neutron capture therapy field using a mixed beam consisting of high- and low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, 241Am alpha particles (α) and/or X-ray radiation respectively, in human microglial (HMC3) cells.ResultsAcute exposure to 2 Gy X-rays induced the strongest response in the formation of γH2AX foci 30 min post irradiation, while α- and mixed beam-induced damage (α:X-ray = 3:1) sustained longer. Fractionation of the same total dose (0.4 Gy daily) induced a similar number of γH2AX foci as after acute radiation, however, α- or mixed irradiation caused a higher expression of DNA damage response genes CDKN1A and MDM2 24 h after the last fraction, as well as a stronger decrease in cell viability and clonogenic survival compared to acute exposure. Phosphorylation of STING, followed by phosphorylation of NF-κB subunit p65, was rapidly induced (1 or 3 h, respectively) after the last fraction by all radiation qualities. This led to IL-1β secretion into the medium, strongly elevated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes and enhanced phagocytosis after fractionated exposure to α- and mixed beam-irradiation compared to their acute counterparts 24 h post-irradiation. Nevertheless, all inflammatory changes were returning to basal levels or below 10–14 days post irradiation.DiscussionIn conclusion, we demonstrate strong transient pro-inflammatory induction by daily high-LET radiation in a microglia model, triggering phagocytosis which may aid in clearing amyloid beta, but importantly, from a safety perspective, without long-term alterations.

Published
2024
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23. Evaluation of drivers of treatment switch in relapsing multiple sclerosis: a study from the Italian MS Registry

Author

Iaffaldano, Pietro, Lucisano, Giuseppe, Guerra, Tommaso, Patti, Francesco, Cocco, Eleonora, De Luca, Giovanna, Brescia Morra, Vincenzo, Pozzilli, Carlo, Zaffaroni, Mauro, Ferraro, Diana, Gasperini, Claudio, Salemi, Giuseppe, Bergamaschi, Roberto, Lus, Giacomo, Inglese, Matilde, Romano, Silvia, Bellantonio, Paolo, Di Monte, Elisabetta, Maniscalco, Giorgia Teresa, Conte, Antonella, Lugaresi, Alessandra, Vianello, Marika, Torri Clerici, Valentina Liliana Adriana, Di Sapio, Alessia, Pesci, Ilaria, Granella, Franco, Totaro, Rocco, Marfia, Girolama Alessandra, Danni, Maura Chiara, Cavalla, Paola, Valentino, Paola, Aguglia, Umberto, Montepietra, Sara, Ferraro, Elisabetta, Protti, Alessandra, Spitaleri, Daniele, Avolio, Carlo, De Riz, Milena, Maimone, Davide, Cavaletti, Guido, Gazzola, Paola, Tedeschi, Gioacchino, Sessa, Maria, Rovaris, Marco, Di Palma, Franco, Gatto, Maurizia, Cargnelutti, Daniela, De Robertis̄, Francesca, Logullo, Francesco Ottavio, Rini, Augusto, Meucci, Giuseppe, Ardito, Bonaventura, Banfi, Paola, Nasuelli, Davide, Paolicelli, Damiano, Rocca, Maria Assunta, Portaccio, Emilio, Chisari, Clara Grazia, Fenu, Giuseppe, Onofrj, Marco, Carotenuto, Antonio, Ruggieri, Serena, Tortorella, Carla, Ragonese, Paolo, Nica, Mihaela, Amato, Maria Pia, Filippi, Massimo, and Trojano, Maria

Published
2024
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26. A tidal volume of 7 mL/kg PBW or higher may be safe for COVID-19 patients

Author

Protti, Alessandro, Madotto, Fabiana, Florio, Gaetano, Bove, Tiziana, Carlesso, Eleonora, Casella, Giampaolo, Dalla Corte, Francesca, Foti, Giuseppe, Giudici, Riccardo, Langer, Thomas, Montalto, Carlo, Rezoagli, Emanuele, Santini, Alessandro, Terragni, Pierpaolo, Zanella, Alberto, Grasselli, Giacomo, and Cecconi, Maurizio

Published
2025
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27. Effect of alemtuzumab on fatigue, quality of life, and patient/caregiver-reported outcomes in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis—A real-world evidence study

Author

Frederiksen, Jette Lautrup, Massacesi, Luca, Nielsen, Helle Hvilsted, Rini, Augusto, Baldi, Eleonora, Mirabella, Massimiliano, Antonella, Falzone Francesca Maria, Lus, Giacomo, Paolicelli, Damiano, Kant, Matthias, Salemi, Giuseppe, Aguglia, Umberto, Comi, Cristoforo, De Riz, Milena, Barcella, Valeria, Flemmen, Heidi Ø., Protti, Alessandra, Farbu, Elisabeth, van Exel, Job, and Torkildsen, Øivind

Published
2025
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29. Weakly toll convexity and proper interval graphs

Author

Dourado, Mitre C., Gutierrez, Marisa, Protti, Fábio, and Tondato, Silvia

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics, 05C75
Abstract

A walk $u_0u_1 \ldots u_{k-1}u_k$ is a \textit{weakly toll walk} if $u_0u_i \in E(G)$ implies $u_i = u_1$ and $u_ju_k\in E(G)$ implies $u_j=u_{k-1}$. A set $S$ of vertices of $G$ is {\it weakly toll convex} if for any two non-adjacent vertices $x,y \in S$ any vertex in a weakly toll walk between $x$ and $y$ is also in $S$. The {\em weakly toll convexity} is the graph convexity space defined over weakly toll convex sets. Many studies are devoted to determine if a graph equipped with a convexity space is a {\em convex geometry}. An \emph{extreme vertex} is an element $x$ of a convex set $S$ such that the set $S\backslash\{x\}$ is also convex. A graph convexity space is said to be a convex geometry if it satisfies the Minkowski-Krein-Milman property, which states that every convex set is the convex hull of its extreme vertices. It is known that chordal, Ptolemaic, weakly polarizable, and interval graphs can be characterized as convex geometries with respect to the monophonic, geodesic, $m^3$, and toll convexities, respectively. Other important classes of graphs can also be characterized in this way. In this paper, we prove that a graph is a convex geometry with respect to the weakly toll convexity if and only if it is a proper interval graph. Furthermore, some well-known graph invariants are studied with respect to the weakly toll convexity.

Published
2022
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30. Characterizations of graph classes via convex geometries: a survey

Author

Dourado, Mitre C., Gutierrez, Marisa, Protti, Fábio, Sampaio, Rudini, and Tondato, Silvia

Subjects
Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics, Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05C75
Abstract

Graph convexity has been used as an important tool to better understand the structure of classes of graphs. Many studies are devoted to determine if a graph equipped with a convexity is a {\em convex geometry}. In this work we survey results on characterizations of well-known classes of graphs via convex geometries. We also give some contributions to this subject., Comment: DAM paper

Published
2022

31. Convex geometries over induced paths with bounded length

Author

Gutierrez, Marisa, Protti, Fábio, and Tondato, Silvia B.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05C76, 52A37, 05C85
Abstract

Graph convexity spaces have been studied in many contexts. In particular, some studies are devoted to determine if a graph equipped with a convexity space is a {\em convex geometry}. It is well known that chordal and Ptolemaic graphs can be characterized as convex geometries with respect to the geodesic and monophonic convexities, respectively. Weak polarizable graphs, interval graphs, and proper interval graphs can also be characterized in this way. In this paper we introduce the notion of {\em $l^k$-convexity}, a natural restriction of the monophonic convexity. Let $G$ be a graph and $k\geq 2$ an integer. A subset $S\subseteq V(G)$ is \textit{$l^k$-convex} if and only if for any pair of vertices $x,y$ of $S$, each induced path of length {\em at most} $k$ connecting $x$ and $y$ is completely contained in the subgraph induced by $S$. The {\em $l^k$-convexity} consists of all $l^k$-convex subsets of $G$. In this work, we characterize {\em $l^k$-convex geometries} (graphs that are convex geometries with respect to the $l^k$-convexity) for $k\in\{2,3\}$. We show that a graph $G$ is an $l^2$-convex geometry if and only if $G$ is a chordal $P_4$-free graph, and an $l^3$-convex geometry if and only if $G$ is a chordal graph with diameter at most three such that its induced gems satisfy a special "solving" property. As far as the authors know, the class of $l^3$-convex geometries is the first example of a non-hereditary class of convex geometries., Comment: 19 pages

Published
2022

32. Geodetic convexity and Kneser graphs

Author

Bedo, Marcos, Leite, João V. S., Oliveira, Rodolfo A., and Protti, Fábio

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics, 05C76, 52A37, 05C85
Abstract

The {\em Kneser graph} $K(2n+k,n)$, for positive integers $n$ and $k$, is the graph $G=(V,E)$ such that $V=\{S\subseteq\{1,\ldots,2n+k\} : |S|=n\}$ and there is an edge $uv\in E$ whenever $u\cap v=\emptyset$. Kneser graphs have a nice combinatorial structure, and many parameters have been determined for them, such as the diameter, the chromatic number, the independence number, and, recently, the hull number (in the context of $P_3$-convexity). However, the determination of geodetic convexity parameters in Kneser graphs still remained open. In this work, we investigate both the geodetic number and the geodetic hull number of Kneser graphs. We give upper bounds and determine the exact value of these parameters for Kneser graphs of diameter two (which form a nontrivial subfamily). We prove that the geodetic hull number of a Kneser graph of diameter two is two, except for $K(5,2)$, $K(6,2)$, and $K(8,2)$, which have geodetic hull number three. We also contribute to the knowledge on Kneser graphs by presenting a characterization of endpoints of diametral paths in $K(2n+k,n)$, used as a tool for obtaining some of the main results in this work., Comment: 1 figure

Published
2022

33. Novel 2-Thiazolylhydrazone with Druggable Properties for Antifungal Application

Author

Wallace Cordeiro de Morais, Gustavo Henrique Oliveira Costa, Vinícius Leal Pitcella, João Victor Vanolli Protti, Carolina Paula de Souza Moreira, José Eduardo Gonçalves, Susana Johann, and Renata Barbosa de Oliveira

Subjects
fungal infections, thiazolyl hydrazone, antifungal agents, drug development, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Fungal infections have become a growing concern in healthcare, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, with species like Candida, Cryptococcus, and Sporothrix posing significant challenges due to rising resistance and limited treatment options. In response, novel antifungal agents are being explored, including thiazolyl hydrazones. This study focuses on the development of a novel thiazolylhydrazone derivative, RW3. RW3 was synthesized to improve its water solubility and pharmacokinetic properties. The compound demonstrated a broad antifungal spectrum, particularly effective against Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida auris, with minimal irritant potential and low cytotoxicity. RW3 showed favorable solubility and high intestinal permeability, indicating potential for oral administration. The results suggest RW3 as a promising lead for further development as a therapeutic agent for systemic fungal infections. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing drug properties to enhance efficacy and safety profiles, opening the path for the development of innovative antifungal treatments.

Published
2025
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34. Vaccination Coverage at Birth in Brazil: Spatial and Temporal Trends in the Impact of COVID-19 on Uptake of BCG and Hepatitis B Vaccines

Author

Yan Mathias Alves, Thaís Zamboni Berra, Reginaldo Bazon Vaz Tavares, Nathalia Zini, Quézia Rosa Ferreira, Licia Kellen de Almeida Andrade, Ariela Fehr Tártaro, Maria Eduarda Pagano Pelodan, Beatriz Fornaziero Vigato, Beatriz Kuroda Silveira, Ana Luiza Brasileiro Nato Marques Assumpção, Marcela Antunes Paschoal Popolin, Patricia Abrahão Curvo, Simone Protti-Zanatta, Maria Del Pilar Serrano-Gallardo, Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio, Pedro Fredemir Palha, and Jaqueline Garcia de Almeida Ballestero

Subjects
vaccine hesitancy, vaccination strategies, BCG, hepatitis B, epidemiology, Medicine
Abstract

Introduction: Vaccines are a significant public health achievement, which are crucial for child survival and disease control globally. In Brazil, the National Immunization Program (PNI) manages vaccination schedules, including essential vaccines like BCG and Hepatitis B, administered at birth. Despite achieving over 95% coverage for years, vaccination rates have declined since 2016, a trend exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze spatial and temporal trends in BCG and Hepatitis B vaccination coverage at birth, identify areas with spatial variation in these trends, classify the identified trends, and investigate the pandemic’s impact on vaccination adherence. Methods: This is an ecological study with real-world data from Brazil, focusing on vaccination coverage from 2014 to 2023. Utilizing the Spatial Variation in Temporal Trends (SVTT) technique, the study identifies municipalities’ vaccination trends. It also employs time series analysis and Interrupted Time Series methods to evaluate the pandemic’s impact on vaccination rates, using data from the PNI and the Information System on Live Births (SINASC). Results: Between January 2014 and December 2023, Brazil administered 25,902,207 doses of the BCG vaccine to children at birth, with 3911 municipalities (70.24%) showing declining trends, particularly in Florianópolis. Similarly, 22,962,434 doses of the Hepatitis B vaccine were administered, with 3284 municipalities also experiencing declines. Conclusions: It is crucial that public health policies be reevaluated to address regional disparities in vaccination coverage, particularly in more vulnerable areas. Focused interventions, such as awareness campaigns, improved access to vaccination services, and strengthened monitoring, are fundamental to reversing this trend.

Published
2024
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35. Machine learning-driven diagnosis of multiple sclerosis from whole blood transcriptomics

Author

Omrani, Maryam, Chiarelli, Rosaria Rita, Acquaviva, Massimo, Bassani, Claudia, Dalla Costa, Gloria, Montini, Federico, Preziosa, Paolo, Pagani, Lucia, Grassivaro, Francesca, Guerrieri, Simone, Romeo, Marzia, Sangalli, Francesca, Colombo, Bruno, Moiola, Lucia, Zaffaroni, Mauro, Pietroboni, Anna, Protti, Alessandra, Puthenparampil, Marco, Bergamaschi, Roberto, Comi, Giancarlo, Rocca, Maria A., Martinelli, Vittorio, Filippi, Massimo, and Farina, Cinthia

Published
2024
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44. The long Pentraxin PTX3 serves as an early predictive biomarker of co-infections in COVID-19

Author

Accornero, Stefano, Aghemo, Alessio, Ali, Hussam, Angelini, Claudio, Arcari, Ivan, Arosio, Paola, Azzolini, Elena, Baccarin, Alessandra, Badalamenti, Salvatore, Baggio, Sara, Barbagallo, Michela, Barberi, Caterina, Barbic, Franca, Barbieri, Viviana, Barbone, Alessandro, Basciu, Alessio, Bocciolone, Monica, Borea, Federica, Borroni, Mario, Bresciani, Gianluigi, Brunetta, Enrico, Bulletti, Cinzia, Cadonati, Cristina, Calabro', Lorenzo, Calatroni, Marta, Calvetta Albania, Antonietta, Cannata, Francesco, Canziani, Lorenzo, Capretti Giovanni, Luigi, Carlani, Elisa, Carrone, Flaminia, Casana, Maddalena, Cecconi, Maurizio, Ceriotti, Carlo, Ciccarelli, Michele, Cimino, Matteo, Ciuffini, Leonardo, Colaizzi, Chiara, Colapietro, Francesca, Costa, Guido, Cozzi, Ottavia, Craviotto, Vincenzo, Crespi, Chiara, Crippa, Massimo, Da Rio, Leonardo, Dal Farra, Sara, D'Antonio, Federica, De Ambroggi, Guido, De Donato, Massimo, De Lucia, Francesca, De Santis, Maria, Delle Rose, Giacomo, Di Pilla, Marina, Dipaola, Franca, Dipasquale, Andrea, Dipasquale, Angelo, Droandi, Ginevra, Fazio, Roberta, Ferrante, Giuseppe, Ferrara Elisa, Chiara, Ferrari Matteo, Carlo, Ferri, Sebastian, Folci, Marco, Foresti, Sara, Franchi, Eloisa, Fraolini, Elia, Fugazza, Alessandro, Furfaro, Federica, Galimberti, Paola, Galtieri Alessia, Piera, Gavazzi, Francesca, Generali, Elena, Goletti, Benedetta, Guidelli, Giacomo, Jacobs, Flavia, Kurihara, Hayato, Lagioia, Michele, Libre', Luca, Lleo, Ana, Loiacono, Ferdinando, Lughezzani, Giovanni, Maccallini, Marta, Maiorino Alfonso, Francesco, Malesci, Alberto, Mantovani, Riccardo, Marchettini, Davide, Marinello, Arianna, Markopoulos, Nikolaos, Masetti, Chiara, Milani, Angelo, Mirani, Marco, Morelli, Paola, Motta, Francesca, Mundula, Valeria, Nigro, Mattia, Omodei, Paolo, Ormas, Monica, Pagliaro, Arianna, Paliotti, Roberta, Parigi Tommaso, Lorenzo, Pedale, Rosa, Pegoraro, Francesco, Pellegatta, Gaia, Pellegrino, Marta, Petriello, Gennaro, Piccini, Sara, Pocaterra, Daria, Poliani, Laura, Preatoni, Paoletta, Procopio, Fabio, Puggioni, Francesca, Pugliese, Luca, Racca, Francesca, Randazzo, Michele, Regazzoli Lancini, Damiano, Reggiani, Francesco, Rodolfi, Stefano, Ruongo, Lidia, Sacco, Clara, Sandri Maria, Teresa, Savi, Marzia, Scarfo', Iside, Shiffer, Dana, Sicoli, Federico, Solano, Simone, Solitano, Virginia, Stainer, Anna, Stella Matteo, Carlo, Strangio, Giuseppe, Taormina, Antonio, Testoni, Lucia, Tordato, Federica, Trabucco, Angela, Ulian, Luisa, Valentino, Rossella, Valeriano, Chiara, Vena, Walter, Verlingieri, Simona, Vespa, Edoardo, Voza, Antonio, Zanuso, Valentina, Zilli, Alessandra, Anfray, Clement, Belgiovine, Cristina, Bertocchi, Alice, Bombace, Sara, Brescia, Paola, Calcaterra, Francesca, Calvi, Michela, Cancellara, Assunta, Capucetti, Arianna, Carenza, Claudia, Carloni, Sara, Carnevale, Silvia, Cazzetta, Valentina, Coianiz, Nicolò, Darwich, Abbass, Davoudian, Sadaf, De Paoli, Federica, Di Donato, Rachele, Digifico, Elisabeth, Durante, Barbara, Farina Floriana, Maria, Ferrari, Valentina, Fornasa, Giulia, Franzese, Sara, Ghasemi, Somayehsadat, Gil Gomez, Antonio, Giugliano, Silvia, Gomes Ana, Rita, Lizier, Michela, Lo Cascio, Antonino, Melacarne, Alessia, Mozzarelli, Alessandro, My, Ilaria, Oresta, Bianca, Pasqualini, Fabio, Pastò, Anna, Pelamatti, Erica, Perucchini, Chiara, Pozzi, Chiara, Rimoldi, Valeria, Rimoldi, Monica, Scarpa, Alice, Scavello, Francesco, Silvestri, Alessandra, Sironi, Marina, Spadoni, Ilaria, Spano', Salvatore, Spata, Gianmarco, Supino, Domenico, Tentorio, Paolo, Ummarino, Aldo, Valentino, Sonia, Zaghi, Elisa, Zanon, Veronica, Mapelli, Sarah N., Nappi, Emanuele, García Martín, Ian David, Leone, Roberto, Angelotti, Giovanni, Zhong, Hang, Magrini, Elena, Stravalaci, Matteo, Protti, Alessandro, Santini, Alessandro, Costantini, Elena, Savevski, Victor, Bottazzi, Barbara, Bartoletti, Michele, Mantovani, Alberto, and Garlanda, Cecilia

Published
2024
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45. Long-term effectiveness of natalizumab in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: A propensity-matched study

Author

Avolio, Carlo, Balgera, Roberto, Banfi, Paola, Bellantonio, Paolo, Bramanti, Placido, Capone, Lorenzo, Cavalletti, Guido, Chiveri, Luca, Clerici, Raffaella, Clerico, Marinella, Corea, Francesco, Dattola, Vincenzo, De Robertis, Francesca, Di Battista, Giancarlo, Galgani, Simonetta, Gatto, Maurizia, Grasso, Maria Grazia, Inglese, Matilde, Lo Russo, Lorenzo, Logullo, Francesco Ottavio, Mantegazza, Renato, Protti, Alessandra, Rezzonico, Monica, Rottoli, Mariarosa, Salvetti, Marco, Scarpini, Elio, Sinisi, Leonardo, Sparaco, Maddalena, Spitaleri, Daniele, Tassinari, Tiziana, Tonietti, Simone, Valentino, Paola, Valzania, Franco, Venturi, Simonetta, Chisari, Clara G., Aguglia, Umberto, Amato, Maria Pia, Bergamaschi, Roberto, Bertolotto, Antonio, Bonavita, Simona, Morra, Vincenzo Brescia, Cavalla, Paola, Cocco, Eleonora, Conte, Antonella, Cottone, Salvatore, De Luca, Giovanna, Di Sapio, Alessia, Filippi, Massimo, Gallo, Antonio, Gasperini, Claudio, Granella, Franco, Lus, Giacomo, Maimone, Davide, Maniscalco, Giorgia Teresa, Marfia, Girolama, Moiola, Lucia, Paolicelli, Damiano, Pesci, Ilaria, Ragonese, Paolo, Rovaris, Marco, Salemi, Giuseppe, Solaro, Claudio, Totaro, Rocco, Trojano, Maria, Vianello, Marika, Zaffaroni, Mauro, Lepore, Vito, and Patti, Francesco

Published
2024
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48. A promising eco-sustainable wound dressing based on cellulose extracted from Spartium junceum L. and impregnated with Glycyrrhiza glabra L extract: Design, production and biological properties

Author

Sallustio, V., Rossi, M., Mandrone, M., Rossi, F., Chiocchio, I., Cerchiara, T., Longo, E., Fratini, M., D'Amico, L., Tromba, G., Malucelli, E., Protti, M., Mercolini, L., Di Blasio, A., Aponte, M., Blaiotta, G., Abruzzo, A., Bigucci, F., Luppi, B., and Cappadone, C.

Published
2024
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49. Multiple Sclerosis and autoimmune diseases: clinical cases and review of the literature

Author

G. Castellino, A. Protti, and B. Canesi

Subjects
Medicine, Internal medicine, RC31-1245
Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS), the most frequent demyelinating disease in adults, is thought to be an autoimmune disease. Symptoms and signs observed in MS reflect lesions present mainly in the white matter of the central nervous system (CNS). The diagnosis remains difficult, at least concerning presenting symptoms, because of their low specificity. Diagnosis criteria are usually based on dissemination of signs in time and space, evoked potentials, findings of magnetic resonance imaging, results of cerebrospinal fluid examination, and the exclusion of other diagnosis possibly explaining the clinical signs. However, no clinical and paraclinical investigation can distinguish with certainity MS from other conditions such as autoimmune or inflammatory diseases predominantly affecting the central nervous system. These other disorders include systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, Behcet disease, Sjogren syndrome, sarcoidosis and vasculitides. We present four clinical cases showing the difficulty in reaching a proper diagnosis...

Published
2001
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