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1. Development, multi-institutional external validation, and algorithmic audit of SEPERA – An artificial intelligence-based side-specific extra-prostatic extension risk assessment tool for patients undergoing radical prostatectomy

Author

J.C.C. Kwong, K. Adree, E. Meng, N. Taylor, C. Kuk, N. Perlis, G.S. Kulkarni, R.J. Hamilton, N.E. Fleshner, A. Finelli, T.H. Van Der Kwast, A. Ali, M. Jamal, F. Papanikolaou, T. Short, J. Srigley, V. Colinet, A. Peltier, R. Diamand, Y. Lefebvre, Q. Mandoorah, R. Sanchez-Salas, P. Macek, X. Cathelineau, M. Eklund, A.E.W. Johnson, A. Feifer, and A.R. Zlotta

Subjects
Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Published
2023
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2. The Great Misalignment: Addressing the Mismatch between the Supply of Certificates and Associate's Degrees and the Future Demand for Workers in 565 US Labor Markets

Author

Georgetown University, Center on Education and the Workforce (CEW), Jeff Strohl, Zachary Mabel, and Kathryn Peltier Campbell

Abstract

There are hundreds of local labor markets fuel the American economy, and each one is driven by the needs of the local area's mix of industries and the skills of its workers. For each labor market to operate at its peak potential, these needs and skills must align. Achieving alignment requires local education and training providers to convey in-demand skills through the programs they offer; when providers fail at this task, skills gaps can manifest or grow. The result of failure is a great misalignment between credential supply and labor-market demand, specifically at the middle-skills level. On one side of this great misalignment is the middle-skills employment: jobs that require more than a high school diploma but less than a bachelor's degree. On the other side lies the vast array of middle-skills education and training providers, which include public community colleges, private nonprofit and for-profit two-year institutions, and private training institutions such as technical, clerical, and cosmetology schools, along with some four-year colleges that offer middle-skills credentials. These providers often explicitly design their programs to serve local workforce needs, including by collaborating directly with employers to create educational offerings that match the skills demands of the local labor market. This report focuses on middle-skills credentials--that is, postsecondary sub-baccalaureate certificates and associate's degrees. As of the 2020-2021 school year, providers of these credentials numbered almost 4,800 nationwide. These providers were spread unevenly across the 565 local labor markets described in this report, with some markets served by dozens of providers and others served by only one. The pressure on these middle-skills providers to meet community workforce needs continues to grow: the national economy is expected to create an average of 18.5 million job openings annually through 2031, and 5.8 million of these job openings each year (slightly more than 31 percent) will go to workers with an associate's degree, a certificate, or some college credit but no degree.

Published
2024

3. Learning and Earning by Degrees: Gains in College Degree Attainment Have Enriched the Nation and Every State, but Racial and Gender Inequality Persists

Author

Georgetown University, Center on Education and the Workforce (CEW), Anthony P. Carnevale, Jeff Strohl, Kathryn Peltier Campbell, Artem Gulish, Ban Cheah, Emma Nyhof, and Lillian Fix

Abstract

Concerns about rising college costs and uncertain economic returns have combined with a wave of populist backlash to reduce public trust in higher education, which plummeted to new lows in 2023. President Biden, who ran his 2020 campaign on a platform that included student loan forgiveness and free community college, has focused some of his recent public messaging on high-paying jobs for workers without college degrees--despite the fact that such jobs are rare. The data shows that time and again a college degree is the most reliable pathway to the middle class: 74 percent of workers with college degrees have good jobs, compared with 42 percent of workers with no more than a high school diploma. These statistics indicate that Americans need both more access to affordable college education and more and better pathways to economic opportunity for workers without college degrees. But they also demonstrate that college degrees remain valuable both to individuals and to society. This report documents the economic benefits associated with increases in college degree attainment that occurred between 2010 and 2020, both nationally and within each state. It also describes the nonmonetary ways in which education contributes to human flourishing.

Published
2024

4. Lava flow hazard map of Piton de la Fournaise volcano

Author

M. O. Chevrel, M. Favalli, N. Villeneuve, A. J. L. Harris, A. Fornaciai, N. Richter, A. Derrien, P. Boissier, A. Di Muro, and A. Peltier

Subjects
Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Piton de la Fournaise, situated on La Réunion island (France), is one of the most active hot spot basaltic shield volcanoes worldwide, experiencing at least two eruptions per year since the establishment of the volcanological observatory in 1979. Eruptions are typically fissure-fed and form extensive lava flow fields. About 95 % of some ∼ 250 historical events (since the first confidently dated eruption in 1708) have occurred inside an uninhabited horseshoe-shaped caldera (hereafter referred to as the Enclos), which is open to the ocean on its eastern side. Rarely (12 times since the 18th century), fissures have opened outside of the Enclos, where housing units, population centers, and infrastructure are at risk. In such a situation, lava flow hazard maps are a useful way of visualizing lava flow inundation probabilities over large areas. Here, we present the up-to-date lava flow hazard map for Piton de la Fournaise based on (i) vent distribution, (ii) lava flow recurrence times, (iii) statistics of lava flow lengths, and (iv) simulations of lava flow paths using the DOWNFLOW stochastic numerical model. The map of the entire volcano highlights the spatial distribution probability of future lava flow invasion for the medium to long term (years to decades). It shows that the most probable location for future lava flow is within the Enclos (where there are areas with up to 12 % probability), a location visited by more than 100 000 visitors every year. Outside of the Enclos, probabilities reach 0.5 % along the active rift zones. Although lava flow hazard occurrence in inhabited areas is deemed to be very low (< 0.1 %), it may be underestimated as our study is only based on post-18th century records and neglects older events. We also provide a series of lava flow hazard maps inside the Enclos, computed on a multi-temporal (i.e., regularly updated) topography. Although hazard distribution remains broadly the same over time, some changes are noticed throughout the analyzed periods due to improved digital elevation model (DEM) resolution, the high frequency of eruptions that constantly modifies the topography, and the lava flow dimensional characteristics and paths. The lava flow hazard map for Piton de la Fournaise presented here is reliable and trustworthy for long-term hazard assessment and land use planning and management. Specific hazard maps for short-term hazard assessment (e.g., for responding to volcanic crises) or considering the cycles of activity at the volcano and different event scenarios (i.e., events fed by different combinations of temporally evolving superficial and deep sources) are required for further assessment of affected areas in the future – especially by atypical but potentially extremely hazardous large-volume eruptions. At such an active site, our method supports the need for regular updates of DEMs and associated lava flow hazard maps if we are to be effective in keeping up to date with mitigation of the associated risks.

Published
2021
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5. Candidate Distant Trans-Neptunian Objects Detected by the New Horizons Subaru TNO Survey

Author

Fraser, Wesley C., Porter, Simon B., Peltier, Lowell, Kavelaars, JJ, Verbiscer, Anne J., Buie, Marc W., Stern, S. Alan, Spencer, John R., Benecchi, Susan D., Terai, Tsuyoshi, Ito, Takashi, Yoshida, Fumi, Gerdes, David W., Napier, Kevin J., Lin, Hsing Wen, Gwyn, Stephen D. J., Smotherman, Hayden, Fabbro, Sebastien, Singer, Kelsi N., Alexander, Amanda M., Arimatsu, Ko, Banks, Maria E., Bray, Veronica J., El-Maarry, Mohamed Ramy, Ferrell, Chelsea L., Fuse, Tetsuharu, Glass, Florian, Holt, Timothy R., Hong, Peng, Ishimaru, Ryo, Johnson, Perianne E., Lauer, Tod R., Leiva, Rodrigo, Lykawka, Patryk S., Marschall, Raphael, Núñez, Jorge I., Postman, Marc, Quirico, Eric, Rhoden, Alyssa R., Simpson, Anna M., Schenk, Paul, Skrutskie, Michael F., Steffl, Andrew J., and Throop, Henry

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the detection of 239 trans-Neptunian Objects discovered through the on-going New Horizons survey for distant minor bodies being performed with the Hyper Suprime-Cam mosaic imager on the Subaru Telescope. These objects were discovered in images acquired with either the r2 or the recently commissioned EB-gri filter using shift and stack routines. Due to the extremely high stellar density of the search region down stream of the spacecraft, new machine learning techniques had to be developed to manage the extremely high false positive rate of bogus candidates produced from the shift and stack routines. We report discoveries as faint as r2$\sim26.5$. We highlight an overabundance of objects found at heliocentric distances $R\gtrsim70$~au compared to expectations from modelling of the known outer Solar System. If confirmed, these objects betray the presence of a heretofore unrecognized abundance of distant objects that can help explain a number of other observations that otherwise remain at odds with the known Kuiper Belt, including detections of serendipitous stellar occultations, and recent results from the Student Dust Counter on-board the New Horizons spacecraft., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Planetary Science Journal, 28 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables

Published
2024

6. Assessing the effect of lithological setting, block characteristics and slope topography on the runout length of rockfalls in the Alps and on the island of La Réunion

Author

K. Wegner, F. Haas, T. Heckmann, A. Mangeney, V. Durand, N. Villeneuve, P. Kowalski, A. Peltier, and M. Becht

Subjects
Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

In four study areas within different lithological settings and rockfall activity, lidar data were applied for a morphometric analysis of block sizes, block shapes and talus cone characteristics. This information was used to investigate the dependencies between block size, block shape and lithology on the one hand and runout distances on the other hand. In our study, we were able to show that lithology seems to have an influence on block size and shape and that gravitational sorting did not occur on all of the studied debris cones but that other parameters apparently control the runout length of boulders. Such a parameter seems to be the block shape, as it plays the role of a moderating parameter in two of the four study sites, while we could not confirm this for our other study sites. We also investigated the influence of terrain parameters such as slope inclination, profile curvature and roughness. The derived roughness values show a clear difference between the four study sites and seem to be a good proxy for block size distribution on the talus cones and thus could be used in further studies to analyse a larger sample of block size distribution on talus cones with different lithologies.

Published
2021
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7. Swarm Characteristics Classification Using Neural Networks

Author

Peltier III, Donald W., Kaminer, Isaac, Clark, Abram, and Orescanin, Marko

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Understanding the characteristics of swarming autonomous agents is critical for defense and security applications. This article presents a study on using supervised neural network time series classification (NN TSC) to predict key attributes and tactics of swarming autonomous agents for military contexts. Specifically, NN TSC is applied to infer two binary attributes - communication and proportional navigation - which combine to define four mutually exclusive swarm tactics. We identify a gap in literature on using NNs for swarm classification and demonstrate the effectiveness of NN TSC in rapidly deducing intelligence about attacking swarms to inform counter-maneuvers. Through simulated swarm-vs-swarm engagements, we evaluate NN TSC performance in terms of observation window requirements, noise robustness, and scalability to swarm size. Key findings show NNs can predict swarm behaviors with 97% accuracy using short observation windows of 20 time steps, while also demonstrating graceful degradation down to 80% accuracy under 50% noise, as well as excellent scalability to swarm sizes from 10 to 100 agents. These capabilities are promising for real-time decision-making support in defense scenarios by rapidly inferring insights about swarm behavior.

Published
2024

8. Tunable on-chip electro-optic frequency-comb generation at 8 {\mu}m wavelength

Author

Turpaud, Victor, Nguyen, Thi-Hao-Nhi, Koompai, Natnicha, Peltier, Jonathan, Frigerio, Jacopo, Calcaterra, Stefano, Coudevylle, Jean-René, Bouville, David, Alonso-Ramos, Carlos, Vivien, Laurent, Isella, Giovanni, and Marris-Morini, Delphine

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

Dual-comb spectroscopy is a powerful technique to measure optical spectra in a wide spectral range with high-frequency resolution. The development of compact systems operating in the long-wave infrared wavelength range is of high interest for spectroscopic and sensing applications. Amongst the different techniques to obtain optical frequency-combs, electro-optic frequency-comb generation presents major advantages thanks to the tunable repetition rate only limited by the bandwidth of the used electro-optical modulator. However, the development of integrated and efficient electro-optical modulators operating in a wide long-wave infrared spectral band is still at its infancy, and electro-optical frequency-comb has not been demonstrated so far beyond the telecom band. In this work, a Schottky-based modulator embedded in a Ge-rich graded SiGe waveguide is used for electro-optic frequency-comb generation. Considering the limited efficiency of the modulator, harmonically-rich RF signals are used to enhance the generation of comb lines around the optical carrier. Interestingly, this allows us to demonstrate the generation of electro-optical combs spanning over 2.4 GHz around 8 {\mu}m wavelength. This paves the way towards fully integrated and tunable mid-infrared electro-optic frequency-comb generation systems., Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures

Published
2024

12. A novel focal therapy – microwave ablation under Organ-Based Tracking (OBT) fusion in patients with localized prostate cancer: Preliminary results of FOSTINE 01b pilot study

Author

A. Peltier, G. Assenmacher, F. Aoun, E. Hawaux, K. Limani, N. Sirtaine, M. Ben Aziz, Y. Lefebvre, M. Lemort, and R. Van Velthoven

Subjects
Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Published
2020
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13. External validation of the new Briganti nomogram predicting lymph node invasion in patients with intermediate and high-risk prostate cancer: Results from a multicentric European cohort

Author

R. Diamand, S. Albisinni, A. Fourcade, G. Fournier, D. Benamran, G. Fiard, J.L. Descotes, G. Assenmacher, I. Svistakov, A. Peltier, G. Simone, G. Di Cosmo, J.B. Roche, J.L. Bonnal, J. Van Damme, M. Rossi, E. Mandron, M. Oderda, and T. Roumeguere

Subjects
Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Published
2020
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14. Defining the ideal candidate for first-line MRI/TRUS software-assisted fusion biopsies: Results from a large multi-centric trial

Author

G. Boukheir, A. Bakar, D. Romain, S. Albisinni, A. Peltier, M. Oderda, G. Fasolis, M. Ferriero, G. Simone, J.B. Roche, T. Piechaud, A.L. Pastore, A. Carbone, G. Fiard, J.L. Descotes, D.E. Evans, P. Kumar, A. Giaccobe, G. Muto, V. Beatrici, P. Gontero, and T. Roumeguere

Subjects
Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Published
2020
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15. Integrating field, textural, and geochemical monitoring to track eruption triggers and dynamics: a case study from Piton de la Fournaise

Author

L. Gurioli, A. Di Muro, I. Vlastélic, S. Moune, S. Thivet, M. Valer, N. Villeneuve, G. Boudoire, A. Peltier, P. Bachèlery, V. Ferrazzini, N. Métrich, M. Benbakkar, N. Cluzel, C. Constantin, J.-L. Devidal, C. Fonquernie, and J.-M. Hénot

Subjects
Geology, QE1-996.5, Stratigraphy, QE640-699
Abstract

The 2014 eruption at Piton de la Fournaise (PdF), La Réunion, which occurred after 41 months of quiescence, began with surprisingly little precursory activity and was one of the smallest so far observed at PdF in terms of duration (less than 2 days) and volume (less than 0.4 × 106 m3). The pyroclastic material was composed of golden basaltic pumice along with fluidal, spiny iridescent and spiny opaque basaltic scoria. Density analyses performed on 200 lapilli reveal that while the spiny opaque clasts are the densest (1600 kg m−3) and most crystalline (55 vol. %), the golden pumices are the least dense (400 kg m−3) and crystalline (8 vol. %). The connectivity data indicate that the fluidal and golden (Hawaiian-like) clasts have more isolated vesicles (up to 40 vol. %) than the spiny (Strombolian-like) clasts (0–5 vol. %). These textural variations are linked to primary pre-eruptive magma storage conditions. The golden and fluidal fragments track the hotter portion of the melt, in contrast to the spiny fragments and lava that mirror the cooler portion of the shallow reservoir. Exponential decay of the magma ascent and output rates through time revealed depressurization of the source during which a stratified storage system was progressively tapped. Increasing syn-eruptive degassing and melt–gas decoupling led to a decrease in the explosive intensity from early fountaining to Strombolian activity. The geochemical results confirm the absence of new input of hot magma into the 2014 reservoir and confirm the emission of a single shallow, differentiated magma source, possibly related to residual magma from the November 2009 eruption. Fast volatile exsolution and crystal–melt separation (second boiling) were triggered by deep pre-eruptive magma transfer and stress field change. Our study highlights the possibility that shallow magma pockets can be quickly reactivated by deep processes without mass or energy (heat) transfer and produce hazardous eruptions with only short-term elusive precursors.

Published
2018
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16. What Works: Ten Education, Training, and Work-Based Pathway Changes That Lead to Good Jobs. Findings by Race, Gender, and Class from the Georgetown University Pathways-to-Career Policy Simulation Model

Author

Georgetown University, Center on Education and the Workforce (CEW), Carnevale, Anthony P., Mabel, Zachary, Campbell, Kathryn Peltier, and Booth, Heidi

Abstract

As young people progress with their education and their early careers, they find themselves pushed forward or held back at critical junctures without full regard for their individual capabilities. Their paths are too often defined less by their talents and more by characteristics such as their race/ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic or class status. By default, too many young people encounter barriers based on these characteristics, narrowing the scope of their educational and career options. The Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce (CEW) built the Pathways-to-Career policy simulation model, which uses longitudinal data to identify promising actions for increasing the likelihood of working in a good job--as defined as providing minimum annual earnings of about $38,000 per year, with a median of $57,000 at age 30. The Pathways-to-Career model establishes an actionable, solution-oriented framework for improving the economic lives of young adults by simulating the potential impacts of different pathway changes at critical junctures along the route from adolescence to early adulthood. The model relies on data from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics' National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97)--an ongoing study that tracks a nationally representative sample of individuals born in the early 1980s from ages 12-16 to adulthood. The data set allows researchers to estimate the expected labor-market effects of different pathway changes for young people overall and separately by race/ethnicity, gender, and class. It also allows them to layer these pathway changes and examine the gains associated with comprehensive policy efforts to expand access to good jobs. Using the Pathways-to-Career model, they examined 38 pathway changes involving hypothetical adjustments to individuals' education, sectoral training, and work-based experiences at different life stages, from adolescence to their mid-20s. They then narrowed down these 38 pathway changes to the 10 that could most improve the likelihood of having a good job at age 30. The report outlines how the expected impacts of each of these 10 pathway changes differ by race/ethnicity, gender, and class, as well as how these 10 pathway changes could influence opportunity gaps in good jobs at age 30. It also considers the enhanced impact of strategically combining pathway changes for maximum effect. [For the executive summary, see ED628029.]

Published
2023

17. What Works: Ten Education, Training, and Work-Based Pathway Changes That Lead to Good Jobs. Findings by Race, Gender, and Class from the Georgetown University Pathways-to-Career Policy Simulation Model. Executive Summary

Author

Georgetown University, Center on Education and the Workforce (CEW), Carnevale, Anthony P., Mabel, Zachary, Campbell, Kathryn Peltier, and Booth, Heidi

Abstract

This is the executive summary of the report, "What Works: Ten Education, Training, and Work-Based Pathway Changes That Lead to Good Jobs. Findings by Race, Gender, and Class from the Georgetown University Pathways-to-Career Policy Simulation Model." To identify the pathway changes with the greatest potential, the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce (CEW) developed the Pathways-to-Career policy simulation model. The model uses longitudinal data to identify promising junctures at which a strategic intervention could increase the likelihood of working in a good job--one define as providing minimum annual earnings of about $38,000 per year, with a median of $57,000, at age 30. The Pathways-to-Career model establishes an actionable, solution-oriented framework for improving the economic lives of young adults by simulating the potential impacts of different pathway changes at critical junctures along the route from adolescence to early adulthood. Using the model, the researchers identified 10 pathway changes involving education, training, and work experience that could most improve the likelihood of having a good job at age 30. [For the full report, see ED628027.]

Published
2023

18. Race-Conscious Affirmative Action: What's Next

Author

Georgetown University, Center on Education and the Workforce, Carnevale, Anthony P., Mabel, Zachary, and Campbell, Kathryn Peltier

Abstract

An expected national ban on the consideration of race in college admissions will threaten the racial and ethnic diversity of students at selective colleges unless these colleges fundamentally alter their admissions practices. This report finds that selective colleges barred from considering race and ethnicity in their admissions decisions may be able to partially claw back some racial/ethnic diversity using class-conscious admissions practices, but they will be extremely unlikely to enroll student bodies that come close to mirroring the demographic diversity of the high school class. The authors examine the following six admissions models and the impact they would likely have on racial/ethnic and socioeconomic diversity if used consistently across selective colleges: (1) Academic merit, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity; (2) High school class rank, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity; (3) Academic merit only; (4) Academic merit and socioeconomic status; (5) High school class rank only; and (6) High school class rank and socioeconomic status. All six models assume the elimination of preferences for legacy applicants, student athletes, and other groups that receive admissions boosts for reasons unrelated to academic merit, race/ethnicity, or socioeconomic status (SES).

Published
2023

19. A Systematic Review of Single Case Research Design Graph Construction in Counseling

Author

Cian L. Brown, Corey Peltier, David Y. Lee, Fanee R. Webster, and Amal Al Shabibi

Abstract

Single-case research design is a useful methodology to investigate counseling treatment effects through a time-series graph. A systematic review of 42 counseling journals was conducted, yielding 50 studies, including 272 graphs. Most graphs did not meet recommended guidelines. How graphs impact visual analysis and suggestions to enhance interpretability are discussed.

Published
2024
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20. Manipulating Graph Elements to Assess Preservice Special Educators' Evaluation of Progress Monitoring Data

Author

Cynthia C. Massey, Emily M. Kuntz, Corey Peltier, Mary A. Barczak, and H. Michael Crowson

Abstract

Enhancing special educators' data literacy is critical to informing instructional decision-making, especially for students with learning disabilities. One tool special educators commonly use is curriculum-based measurement (CBM). These data are displayed on time-series graphs, and student responsiveness is evaluated. Graph construction varies and may impact teacher interpretation. This experiment focused on isolating two graphical elements, (a) the presence of an aimline and (b) data points per x- to y-axis ratio (DPPXYR), to determine if they served as analysis-altering elements. Participants, 31 preservice special educators enrolled in two Assessment in Special Education courses, evaluated 48 CBM graphs representing eight data sets with six manipulations. The presence of an aimline significantly increased accuracy in evaluating progress monitoring data, whereas the DPPXYR did not impact decisions. The study outlines the importance of incorporating aimlines into CBM graphs to improve special educators' data literacy, thus enhancing instructional decision-making and the learning outcomes of students with learning disabilities. Further discussion will explore detailed implications for CBM graph construction and use in the classroom.

Published
2024

22. Effusive crises at Piton de la Fournaise 2014–2015: a review of a multi-national response model

Author

A. J. L. Harris, N. Villeneuve, A. Di Muro, V. Ferrazzini, A. Peltier, D. Coppola, M. Favalli, P. Bachèlery, J.-L. Froger, L. Gurioli, S. Moune, I. Vlastélic, B. Galle, and S. Arellano

Subjects
Effusive crisis, Volcano observatory, Piton de la Fournaise, Time averaged discharge rates, Lava flow model, Inundation forecasts, Environmental protection, TD169-171.8, Disasters and engineering, TA495
Abstract

Abstract Many active European volcanoes and volcano observatories are island-based and located far from their administrative “mainland”. Consequently, Governments have developed multisite approaches, in which monitoring is performed by a network of individuals distributed across several national research centers. At a transnational level, multinational networks are also progressively emerging. Piton de la Fournaise (La Réunion Island, France) is one such example. Piton de la Fournaise is one of the most active volcanoes of the World, and is located at the greatest distance from its “mainland” than any other vulnerable “overseas” site, the observatory being 9365 km from its governing body in Paris. Effusive risk is high, so that a well-coordinated and rapid response involving near-real time delivery of trusted, validated and operational product for hazard assessment is critical. Here we review how near-real time assessments of lava flow propagation were developed using rapid provision, and update, of key source terms through a dynamic and open integration of near-real time remote sensing, modeling and measurement capabilities on both the national and international level. The multi-national system evolved during the five effusive crises of 2014–2015, and is now mature for Piton de la Fournaise. This review allows us to identify strong and weak points in an extended observatory system, and demonstrates that enhanced multi-national integration can have fundamental implications in scientific hazard assessment and response during an on-going effusive crisis.

Published
2017
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23. First results of the Piton de la Fournaise STRAP 2015 experiment: multidisciplinary tracking of a volcanic gas and aerosol plume

Author

P. Tulet, A. Di Muro, A. Colomb, C. Denjean, V. Duflot, S. Arellano, B. Foucart, J. Brioude, K. Sellegri, A. Peltier, A. Aiuppa, C. Barthe, C. Bhugwant, S. Bielli, P. Boissier, G. Boudoire, T. Bourrianne, C. Brunet, F. Burnet, J.-P. Cammas, F. Gabarrot, B. Galle, G. Giudice, C. Guadagno, F. Jeamblu, P. Kowalski, J. Leclair de Bellevue, N. Marquestaut, D. Mékies, J.-M. Metzger, J. Pianezze, T. Portafaix, J. Sciare, A. Tournigand, and N. Villeneuve

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

The STRAP (Synergie Transdisciplinaire pour Répondre aux Aléas liés aux Panaches volcaniques) campaign was conducted over the entire year of 2015 to investigate the volcanic plumes of Piton de La Fournaise (La Réunion, France). For the first time, measurements at the local (near the vent) and at the regional scales were conducted around the island. The STRAP 2015 campaign has become possible thanks to strong cross-disciplinary collaboration between volcanologists and meteorologists. The main observations during four eruptive periods (85 days) are summarised. They include the estimates of SO2, CO2 and H2O emissions, the altitude of the plume at the vent and over different areas of La Réunion Island, the evolution of the SO2 concentration, the aerosol size distribution and the aerosol extinction profile. A climatology of the volcanic plume dispersion is also reported. Simulations and measurements show that the plumes formed by weak eruptions have a stronger interaction with the surface of the island. Strong SO2 mixing ratio and particle concentrations above 1000 ppb and 50 000 cm−3 respectively are frequently measured over a distance of 20 km from Piton de la Fournaise. The measured aerosol size distribution shows the predominance of small particles in the volcanic plume. Several cases of strong nucleation of sulfuric acid have been observed within the plume and at the distal site of the Maïdo observatory. The STRAP 2015 campaign provides a unique set of multi-disciplinary data that can now be used by modellers to improve the numerical parameterisations of the physical and chemical evolution of the volcanic plumes.

Published
2017
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24. MRI lesion size is more important than the number of positive biopsy cores in predicting adverse features and recurrence after radical prostatectomy: implications for active surveillance criteria in intermediate-risk patients

Author

Baboudjian, Michael, Uleri, Alessandro, Beauval, Jean-Baptiste, Touzani, Alae, Diamand, Romain, Roche, Jean-Baptiste, Lacetera, Vito, Lechevallier, Eric, Roumeguère, Thierry, Simone, Giuseppe, Benamran, Daniel, Fourcade, Alexandre, Fiard, Gaelle, Peltier, Alexandre, and Ploussard, Guillaume

Published
2024
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28. Optimal strategies for mosquitoes replacement techniques: influence of the carrying capacity on spatial releases

Author

Almeida, Luis, Arnau, Jesús Bellver, Peltier, Gwenaël, and Vauchelet, Nicolas

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control, 49K15, 49M05, 92D25
Abstract

This work is devoted to the mathematical study of an optimization problem regarding control strategies of mosquito population in a heterogeneous environment. Mosquitoes are well known to be vectors of diseases, but, in some cases, they have a reduced vector capacity when carrying the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia. We consider a mathematical model of a replacement strategy, consisting in rearing and releasing Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes to replace the wild population. We investigate the question of optimizing the release protocol to have the most effective replacement when the environment is heterogeneous. In other words we focus on the question: where to release, given an inhomogeneous environment, in order to maximize the replacement across the domain. To do so, we consider a simple scalar model in which we assume that the carrying capacity is space dependent. Then, we investigate the existence of an optimal release profile and prove some interesting properties. In particular, neglecting the mobility of mosquitoes and under some assumptions on the biological parameters, we characterize the optimal releasing strategy for a short time horizon, and provide a way to reduce to a one-dimensional optimization problem the case of a long time horizon. Our theoretical results are illustrated with several numerical simulations.

Published
2023

29. Pelvic salvage (SBRT) radiotherapy based on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT: About a case

Author

A. Slaoui, A. Desmet, S. Regragui, A. Mesfioui, A. Ameur, and A. Peltier

Subjects
Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract

Very few patients with a biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy respond to prostatic bed irradiation. In this setting, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT seems to be a useful tool for the detection of lesions remaining occult to conventional imaging work-up, changing the treatment strategy in a significant percentage of patients. we report the case of a patient in whom the PSMA PET allowed orientation of the SBRT. To date the patient has no recurrence.

Published
2019
Full Text
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31. The LHCb upgrade I

Author

LHCb collaboration, Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Beteta, C. Abellan, Abudinén, F., Achard, C., Ackernley, T., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Adlarson, P., Afsharnia, H., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Akiba, K., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Albero, A. Alfonso, Aliouche, Z., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Amalric, R., Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andersson, M., Andreani, A., Andreianov, A., Andreotti, M., Andreou, D., Andrews, J. E., Anelli, M., Anjam, A., Ao, D., Archilli, F., Arnaud, K., Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Ashby, J., Aslanides, E., Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Rocha, D. Ayres, Perea, I. B Bachiller, Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Bailly-reyre, A., Rodriguez, P. Baladron, Balagura, V., Balbi, G., Baldini, W., Balla, A., Baltazar, M., Band, H., Leite, J. Baptista de Souza, Barbetti, M., Barclay, P., Barlow, R. J., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Baryshnikov, F., Basels, J. M., Bassi, G., Baszczyk, M., Lopes, J. C. Batista, Batsukh, B., Battig, A., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I. B., Beigbeder-Beau, C., Beiter, A., Belin, S., Bellee, V., Belous, K., Belov, I., Belyaev, I., Benane, G., Bencivenni, G., Benettoni, M., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernard, F., Bernet, R., Andres, S. Bernet, Berninghoff, D., Bernstein, H. C., Bertella, C., Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bezshyyko, O., Bhasin, S., Bhom, J., Bian, L., Bieker, M. S., Biesuz, N. V., Billoir, P., Biolchini, A., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Blago, M. P., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blank, J. E., Blusk, S., Bobulska, D., Bochin, B., Boelhauve, J. A., Garcia, O. Boente, Boettcher, T., Bogdanova, G., Boiaryntseva, I., Boldyrev, A., Bolognani, C. S., Bolzonella, R., Bondar, N., Booth, M. J., Borgato, F., Borghi, S., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Boterenbrood, H., Bouchiba, S. A., Bowcock, T. J. 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S., Kraan, M., Kravchenko, P., Kravchuk, L., Krawczyk, R. D., Kreps, M., Kretzschmar, S., Krokovny, P., Krupa, W., Krzemien, W., Kubat, J., Kubis, S., Kucewicz, W., Kucharczyk, M., Kudryavtsev, V., Kuhlman, A., Kuilman, W. C., Kulikova, E. K, Kuonen, A. K., Kupfer, N., Kupsc, A., Kvaratskheliya, T., Lacarrere, D., Lafferty, G., Lai, A., Lampis, A., Lancierini, D., Gomez, C. Landesa, Lane, J. J., Lane, R., Langenbruch, C., Langer, J., Langstaff, M., Lantwin, O., Latham, T., Lazzari, F., Lazzaroni, M., Dortz, O. Le, Gac, R. Le, Lee, S. H., Lefèvre, R., Leflat, A., Legotin, S., Lemaitre, F., Lenisa, P., Leroy, O., Lesiak, T., Leverington, B., Li, A., Li, H., Li, K., Li, P., Li, P. -R., Li, S., Li, T., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Lieunard, B., Lin, C., Lin, T., Lindner, R., Lisovskyi, V., Litvinov, R., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, Q., Liu, S., Salvia, A. Lobo, Loi, A., Lollini, R., Castro, J. Lomba, Longstaff, I., Lopes, J. H., Huertas, A. Lopez, Soliño, S. López, Louis, D., Lovell, G. 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Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The LHCb upgrade represents a major change of the experiment. The detectors have been almost completely renewed to allow running at an instantaneous luminosity five times larger than that of the previous running periods. Readout of all detectors into an all-software trigger is central to the new design, facilitating the reconstruction of events at the maximum LHC interaction rate, and their selection in real time. The experiment's tracking system has been completely upgraded with a new pixel vertex detector, a silicon tracker upstream of the dipole magnet and three scintillating fibre tracking stations downstream of the magnet. The whole photon detection system of the RICH detectors has been renewed and the readout electronics of the calorimeter and muon systems have been fully overhauled. The first stage of the all-software trigger is implemented on a GPU farm. The output of the trigger provides a combination of totally reconstructed physics objects, such as tracks and vertices, ready for final analysis, and of entire events which need further offline reprocessing. This scheme required a complete revision of the computing model and rewriting of the experiment's software., Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at http://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-DP-2022-002.html (LHCb public pages)

Published
2023

32. Tractable and Intractable Entailment Problems in Separation Logic with Inductively Defined Predicates

Author

Echenim, Mnacho and Peltier, Nicolas

Subjects
Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science, 68T27, I.2.3, F.4.1
Abstract

We establish various complexity results for the entailment problem between formulas in Separation Logic with user-defined predicates denoting recursive data structures. The considered fragments are characterized by syntactic conditions on the inductive rules that define the semantics of the predicates. We focus on so-called P-rules, which are similar to (but simpler than) the PCE rules introduced by Iosif et al. in 2013. In particular, for a specific fragment where predicates are defined by so-called loc-deterministic inductive rules, we devise a sound and complete cyclic proof procedure running in polynomial time. Several complexity lower bounds are provided, showing that any relaxing of the provided conditions makes the problem intractable.

Published
2023

34. Deciphering local and regional hydroclimate resolves contradicting evidence on the Asian monsoon evolution.

Author

Ersek, Vasile, Braun, Tobias, French, Amanda, McGee, David, Bernasconi, Stefano, Skiba, Vanessa, Griffiths, Michael, Fohlmeister, Jens, Breitenbach, Sebastian, Pausata, Francesco, Tabor, Clay, Longman, Jack, Roberts, William, Chandan, Deepak, Peltier, W, Salzmann, Ulrich, Limbert, Deborah, Trinh, Hong, Trinh, Anh, Johnson, Kathleen, and Wolf, Annabel

Abstract

The winter and summer monsoons in Southeast Asia are important but highly variable sources of rainfall. Current understanding of the winter monsoon is limited by conflicting proxy observations, resulting from the decoupling of regional atmospheric circulation patterns and local rainfall dynamics. These signals are difficult to decipher in paleoclimate reconstructions. Here, we present a winter monsoon speleothem record from Southeast Asia covering the Holocene and find that winter and summer rainfall changed synchronously, forced by changes in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. In contrast, regional atmospheric circulation shows an inverse relation between winter and summer controlled by seasonal insolation over the Northern Hemisphere. We show that disentangling the local and regional signal in paleoclimate reconstructions is crucial in understanding and projecting winter and summer monsoon variability in Southeast Asia.

Published
2023

38. What Is Decidable in Separation Logic Beyond Progress, Connectivity and Establishment?

Author

Bozec, Tanguy, Peltier, Nicolas, Petitjean, Quentin, Sighireanu, Mihaela, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, Series Editor, Hutchison, David, Editorial Board Member, Kanade, Takeo, Editorial Board Member, Kittler, Josef, Editorial Board Member, Kleinberg, Jon M., Editorial Board Member, Kobsa, Alfred, Series Editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Editorial Board Member, Mitchell, John C., Editorial Board Member, Naor, Moni, Editorial Board Member, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series Editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Editorial Board Member, Sudan, Madhu, Series Editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Editorial Board Member, Tygar, Doug, Editorial Board Member, Weikum, Gerhard, Series Editor, Vardi, Moshe Y, Series Editor, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Benzmüller, Christoph, editor, Heule, Marijn J.H., editor, and Schmidt, Renate A., editor

Published
2024
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40. An EXPTIME-Complete Entailment Problem in Separation Logic

Author

Peltier, Nicolas, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Metcalfe, George, editor, Studer, Thomas, editor, and de Queiroz, Ruy, editor

Published
2024
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42. Enhanced hippocampal LTP but normal NMDA receptor and AMPA receptor function in a rat model of CDKL5 deficiency disorder

Author

Simões de Oliveira, Laura, O’Leary, Heather E., Nawaz, Sarfaraz, Loureiro, Rita, Davenport, Elizabeth C., Baxter, Paul, Louros, Susana R., Dando, Owen, Perkins, Emma, Peltier, Julien, Trost, Matthias, Osterweil, Emily K., Hardingham, Giles E., Cousin, Michael A., Chattarji, Sumantra, Booker, Sam A., Benke, Tim A., Wyllie, David J. A, and Kind, Peter C.

Published
2024
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43. External validation and comparison of magnetic resonance imaging-based risk prediction models for prostate biopsy stratification

Author

Diamand, Romain, Guenzel, Karsten, Jabbour, Teddy, Baudewyns, Arthur, Bourgeno, Henri-Alexandre, Lefebvre, Yolène, Ferriero, Mariaconsiglia, Simone, Giuseppe, Fourcade, Alexandre, Fournier, Georges, Bui, Alexandre Patrick, Taha, Fayek, Oderda, Marco, Gontero, Paolo, Rysankova, Katerina, Bernal-Gomez, Adrian, Mastrorosa, Alessandro, Roche, Jean-Baptiste, Fiard, Gaelle, Abou Zahr, Rawad, Ploussard, Guillaume, Windisch, Olivier, Novello, Quentin, Benamran, Daniel, Delavar, Gina, Anract, Julien, Barry Delongchamps, Nicolas, Halinski, Adam, Dariane, Charles, Vlahopoulos, Léonidas, Assenmacher, Gregoire, Roumeguère, Thierry, and Peltier, Alexandre

Published
2024
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44. Decomposition of physical processes controlling EASM precipitation changes during the mid-Piacenzian: new insights into data–model integration

Author

Sun, Yong, Wu, Haibin, Ding, Lin, Chen, Lixin, Stepanek, Christian, Zhao, Yan, Tan, Ning, Su, Baohuang, Yuan, Xiayu, Zhang, Wenchao, Liu, Bo, Hunter, Stephen, Haywood, Alan, Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Otto-Bliesner, Bette, Contoux, Camille, Lunt, Daniel J., Dolan, Aisling, Chandan, Deepak, Lohmann, Gerrit, Dowsett, Harry, Tindall, Julia, Baatsen, Michiel, Peltier, W. Richard, Li, Qiang, Feng, Ran, Salzmann, Ulrich, Chan, Wing-Le, Zhang, Zhongshi, Williams, Charles J. R., and Ramstein, Gilles

Published
2024
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45. The impact of prostate volume estimation on the risk‐adapted biopsy decision based on prostate-specific antigen density and magnetic resonance imaging score

Author

Baudewyns, Arthur, Guenzel, Karsten, Halinski, Adam, Dariane, Charles, Delavar, Gina, Anract, Julien, Barry Delongchamps, Nicolas, Jabbour, Teddy, Bourgeno, Henri-Alexandre, Lefebvre, Yolène, Ferriero, Mariaconsiglia, Simone, Giuseppe, Fourcade, Alexandre, Fournier, Georges, Oderda, Marco, Gontero, Paolo, Bernal-Gomez, Adrian, Mastrorosa, Alessandro, Roche, Jean-Baptiste, Zahr, Rawad Abou, Ploussard, Guillaume, Fiard, Gaelle, Rysankova, Katerina, Bui, Alexandre Patrick, Taha, Fayek, Windisch, Olivier, Benamran, Daniel, Vlahopoulos, Léonidas, Assenmacher, Gregoire, Roumeguère, Thierry, Peltier, Alexandre, and Diamand, Romain

Published
2024
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