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1. Evaluating the yield of surviving plants from early‐season hail damage in corn: A field survey

Author

I. P. Lisboa, C. A. Proctor, R. W. Elmore, A. J. McMechan, N. D. Mueller, J. Wilson, G. Zobeck, A. Nygren, A. Bastidas, and O. A. Ortez

Subjects
Agriculture, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Abstract Economic losses due to hailstorms across US corn fields occur every year. Hailstorms result in leaf defoliation, decreasing photosynthetic area and impairing carbon assimilation and crop yield for all corn (Zea mays L.) development stages. However, more attention is often given to stand reductions rather than damage to stems or leaf defoliation. During the 2014 growing season, a natural hail event affected many areas of eastern Nebraska. Twelve affected corn fields were surveyed and included in this study. An injury score scale (1–5) was developed based on various injury and severity levels before the V6 (6‐leaf corn growth stage) (six‐collared leaves). Scores were assigned to affected fields approximately 10–15 days after the hailstorm. At the end of the growing season, ears were harvested, and grain yield per plant was determined. The highest grain yield (p

Published
2024
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2. Performance of an Optical TPC Geant4 Simulation with Opticks GPU-Accelerated Photon Propagation

Author

NEXT Collaboration, Parmaksiz, I., Mistry, K., Church, E., Adams, C., Asaadi, J., Baeza-Rubio, J., Bailey, K., Byrnes, N., Jones, B. J. P., Moya, I. A., Navarro, K. E., Nygren, D. R., Oyedele, P., Rogers, L., Samaniego, F., Stogsdill, K., Almazán, H., Álvarez, V., Aparicio, B., Aranburu, A. I., Arazi, L., Arnquist, I. J., Auria-Luna, F., Ayet, S., Azevedo, C. D. R., Ballester, F., del Barrio-Torregrosa, M., Bayo, A., Benlloch-Rodríguez, J. M., Borges, F. I. G. M., Brodolin, A., Cárcel, S., Castillo, A., Cid, L., Conde, C. A. N., Contreras, T., Cossío, F. P., Coupe, R., Dey, E., Díaz, G., Echevarria, C., Elorza, M., Escada, J., Esteve, R., Felkai, R., Fernandes, L. M. P., Ferrario, P., Ferreira, A. L., Foss, F. W., Freixa, Z., García-Barrena, J., Gómez-Cadenas, J. J., Grocott, J. W. R., Guenette, R., Hauptman, J., Henriques, C. A. O., Morata, J. A. Hernando, Herrero-Gómez, P., Herrero, V., Carrete, C. Hervés, Ifergan, Y., Kellerer, F., Larizgoitia, L., Larumbe, A., Lebrun, P., Lopez, F., López-March, N., Madigan, R., Mano, R. D. P., Marques, A. P., Martín-Albo, J., Martínez-Lema, G., Martínez-Vara, M., Miller, R. L., Molina-Canteras, J., Monrabal, F., Monteiro, C. M. B., Mora, F. J., Novella, P., Nuñez, A., Oblak, E., Palacio, J., Palmeiro, B., Para, A., Pazos, A., Pelegrin, J., Maneiro, M. Pérez, Querol, M., Renner, J., Rivilla, I., Rogero, C., Romeo, B., Romo-Luque, C., Nacienciano, V. San, Santos, F. P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Seemann, M., Shomroni, I., Silva, P. A. O. C., Simón, A., Soleti, S. R., Sorel, M., Soto-Oton, J., Teixeira, J. M. R., Teruel-Pardo, S., Toledo, J. F., Tonnelé, C., Torelli, S., Torrent, J., Trettin, A., Usón, A., Valle, P. R. G., Veloso, J. F. C. A., Waiton, J., and Yubero-Navarro, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We investigate the performance of Opticks, an NVIDIA OptiX API 7.5 GPU-accelerated photon propagation compared with a single-threaded Geant4 simulation. We compare the simulations using an improved model of the NEXT-CRAB-0 gaseous time projection chamber. Performance results suggest that Opticks improves simulation speeds by between $58.47\pm{0.02}$ and $181.39\pm{0.28}$ times relative to a CPU-only Geant4 simulation and these results vary between different types of GPU and CPU. A detailed comparison shows that the number of detected photons, along with their times and wavelengths, are in good agreement between Opticks and Geant4., Comment: 12 pages, 8 Figures

Published
2025

3. Reconstructing neutrinoless double beta decay event kinematics in a xenon gas detector with vertex tagging

Author

NEXT Collaboration, Martínez-Vara, M., Mistry, K., Pompa, F., Jones, B. J. P., Martín-Albo, J., Sorel, M., Adams, C., Almazán, H., Álvarez, V., Aparicio, B., Aranburu, A. I., Arazi, L., Arnquist, I. J., Auria-Luna, F., Ayet, S., Azevedo, C. D. R., Bailey, K., Ballester, F., del Barrio-Torregrosa, M., Bayo, A., Benlloch-Rodríguez, J. M., Borges, F. I. G. M., Brodolin, A., Byrnes, N., Cárcel, S., Castillo, A., Church, E., Cid, L., Conde, C. A. N., Contreras, T., Cossío, F. P., Coupe, R., Dey, E., Díaz, G., Echevarria, C., Elorza, M., Escada, J., Esteve, R., Felkai, R., Fernandes, L. M. P., Ferrario, P., Ferreira, A. L., Foss, F. W., Freixa, Z., García-Barrena, J., Gómez-Cadenas, J. J., Grocott, J. W. R., Guenette, R., Hauptman, J., Henriques, C. A. O., Morata, J. A. Hernando, Herrero-Gómez, P., Herrero, V., Carrete, C. Hervés, Ifergan, Y., Kellerer, F., Larizgoitia, L., Larumbe, A., Lebrun, P., Lopez, F., López-March, N., Madigan, R., Mano, R. D. P., Marques, A. P., Martínez-Lema, G., Miller, R. L., Molina-Canteras, J., Monrabal, F., Monteiro, C. M. B., Mora, F. J., Navarro, K. E., Novella, P., Nuñez, A., Nygren, D. R., Oblak, E., Palacio, J., Palmeiro, B., Para, A., Parmaksiz, I., Pazos, A., Pelegrin, J., Maneiro, M. Pérez, Querol, M., Renner, J., Rivilla, I., Rogero, C., Rogers, L., Romeo, B., Romo-Luque, C., Nacienciano, V. San, Santos, F. P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Seemann, M., Shomroni, I., Silva, P. A. O. C., Simón, A., Soleti, S. R., Soto-Oton, J., Teixeira, J. M. R., Teruel-Pardo, S., Toledo, J. F., Tonnelé, C., Torelli, S., Torrent, J., Trettin, A., Usón, A., Valle, P. R. G., Veloso, J. F. C. A., Waiton, J., and Yubero-Navarro, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

If neutrinoless double beta decay is discovered, the next natural step would be understanding the lepton number violating physics responsible for it. Several alternatives exist beyond the exchange of light neutrinos. Some of these mechanisms can be distinguished by measuring phase-space observables, namely the opening angle $\cos\theta$ among the two decay electrons, and the electron energy spectra, $T_1$ and $T_2$. In this work, we study the statistical accuracy and precision in measuring these kinematic observables in a future xenon gas detector with the added capability to precisely locate the decay vertex. For realistic detector conditions (a gas pressure of 10 bar and spatial resolution of 4 mm), we find that the average $\overline{\cos\theta}$ and $\overline{T_1}$ values can be reconstructed with a precision of 0.19 and 110 keV, respectively, assuming that only 10 neutrinoless double beta decay events are detected., Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures

Published
2025

6. Index

Author

Nygren, Joshua

Published
2025

10. Notes

Author

Nygren, Joshua

Published
2025

11. Cover

Author

Nygren, Joshua

Published
2025

21. Activities for Ocean Literacy

Author

Vita, Laura, Dabbah, Marcelle, Anta, Alba Hérnandez, Monoga, Ana Maria Montaña, Murray, Emily Margaret, Quist, Sofie Elise, Hayden-Nygren, Juliana, Peftieva, Olena, Ahmed, Dana, Heckman, Stéphanie, Porrone, Arianna, Panieri, Giuliana, Angeles, Inés Barrenechea, Zimmermann, Jane, Pooladi, Mojgan, Nyanda, Shamim Wasii, Poto, Margherita Paola, and Vita, Laura

Published
2025
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23. Measurement of Energy Resolution with the NEXT-White Silicon Photomultipliers

Author

Contreras, T., Palmeiro, B., Almazán, H., Para, A., Martínez-Lema, G., Guenette, R., Adams, C., Álvarez, V., Aparicio, B., Aranburu, A. I., Arazi, L., Arnquist, I. J., Auria-Luna, F., Ayet, S., Azevedo, C. D. R., Bailey, K., Ballester, F., del Barrio-Torregrosa, M., Bayo, A., Benlloch-Rodríguez, J. M., Borges, F. I. G. M., Brodolin, A., Byrnes, N., Cárcel, S., Castillo, A., Cebrián, S., Church, E., Cid, L., Conde, C. A. N., Cossío, F. P., Dey, E., Díaz, G., Dickel, T., Echevarria, C., Elorza, M., Escada, J., Esteve, R., Felkai, R., Fernandes, L. M. P., Ferrario, P., Ferreira, A. L., Foss, F. W., Freixa, Z., García-Barrena, J., Gómez-Cadenas, J. J., González, R., Grocott, J. W. R., Hauptman, J., Henriques, C. A. O., Morata, J. A. Hernando, Herrero-Gómez, P., Herrero, V., Carrete, C. Hervés, Ifergan, Y., Jones, B. J. P., Kellerer, F., Larizgoitia, L., Larumbe, A., Lebrun, P., Lopez, F., López-March, N., Madigan, R., Mano, R. D. P., Marques, A. P., Martín-Albo, J., Martínez-Vara, M., Miller, R. L., Mistry, K., Molina-Canteras, J., Monrabal, F., Monteiro, C. M. B., Mora, F. J., Navarro, K. E., Novella, P., Nuñez, A., Nygren, D. R., Oblak, E., Palacio, J., Parmaksiz, I., Pazos, A., Pelegrin, J., Maneiro, M. Pérez, Querol, M., Redwine, A. B., Renner, J., Rivilla, I., Rogero, C., Rogers, L., Romeo, B., Romo-Luque, C., Santos, F. P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Seemann, M., Shomroni, I., Silva, P. A. O. C., Simón, A., Soleti, S. R., Sorel, M., Soto-Oton, J., Teixeira, J. M. R., Teruel-Pardo, S., Toledo, J. F., Tonnelé, C., Torrent, J., Trettin, A., Usón, A., Valle, P. R. G., Veloso, J. F. C. A., Waiton, J., and Yubero-Navarro, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The NEXT-White detector, a high-pressure gaseous xenon time projection chamber, demonstrated the excellence of this technology for future neutrinoless double beta decay searches using photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) to measure energy and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) to extract topology information. This analysis uses $^{83m}\text{Kr}$ data from the NEXT-White detector to measure and understand the energy resolution that can be obtained with the SiPMs, rather than with PMTs. The energy resolution obtained of (10.9 $\pm$ 0.6) $\%$, full-width half-maximum, is slightly larger than predicted based on the photon statistics resulting from very low light detection coverage of the SiPM plane in the NEXT-White detector. The difference in the predicted and measured resolution is attributed to poor corrections, which are expected to be improved with larger statistics. Furthermore, the noise of the SiPMs is shown to not be a dominant factor in the energy resolution and may be negligible when noise subtraction is applied appropriately, for high-energy events or larger SiPM coverage detectors. These results, which are extrapolated to estimate the response of large coverage SiPM planes, are promising for the development of future, SiPM-only, readout planes that can offer imaging and achieve similar energy resolution to that previously demonstrated with PMTs.

Published
2024

24. Fluorescence Imaging of Individual Ions and Molecules in Pressurized Noble Gases for Barium Tagging in $^{136}$Xe

Author

NEXT Collaboration, Byrnes, N., Dey, E., Foss, F. W., Jones, B. J. P., Madigan, R., McDonald, A., Miller, R. L., Navarro, K. E., Norman, L. R., Nygren, D. R., Adams, C., Almazán, H., Álvarez, V., Aparicio, B., Aranburu, A. I., Arazi, L., Arnquist, I. J., Auria-Luna, F., Ayet, S., Azevedo, C. D. R., Barcelon, J. E., Bailey, K., Ballester, F., del Barrio-Torregrosa, M., Bayo, A., Benlloch-Rodríguez, J. M., Borges, F. I. G. M., Brodolin, A., Cárcel, S., Castillo, A., Cebrián, S., Church, E., Cid, L., Conde, C. A. N., Contreras, T., Cossío, F. P., Díaz, G., Dickel, T., Echevarria, C., Elorza, M., Escada, J., Esteve, R., Felkai, R., Fernandes, L. M. P., Ferrario, P., Ferreira, A. L., Freixa, Z., García-Barrena, J., Gómez-Cadenas, J. J., González, R., Grocott, J. W. R., Guenette, R., Hauptman, J., Henriques, C. A. O., Morata, J. A. Hernando, Herrero-Gómez, P., Herrero, V., Carrete, C. Hervés, Ho, P., Ifergan, Y., Kellerer, F., Larizgoitia, L., Larumbe, A., Lebrun, P., Lopez, F., López-March, N., Mano, R. D. P., Marques, A. P., Martín-Albo, J., Martínez-Lema, G., Martínez-Vara, M., Mistry, K., Molina-Canteras, J., Monrabal, F., Monteiro, C. M. B., Mora, F. J., Novella, P., Nuñez, A., Oblak, E., Palacio, J., Palmeiro, B., Para, A., Parmaksiz, I., Pazos, A., Pelegrin, J., Maneiro, M. Pérez, Querol, M., Redwine, A. B., Renner, J., Rivilla, I., Rogero, C., Rogers, L., Romeo, B., Romo-Luque, C., Santos, F. P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Seemann, M., Shomroni, I., Silva, P. A. O. C., Simón, A., Soleti, S. R., Sorel, M., Soto-Oton, J., Teixeira, J. M. R., Teruel-Pardo, S., Toledo, J. F., Tonnelé, C., Torrent, J., Trettin, A., Usón, A., Valle, P. R. G., Veloso, J. F. C. A., Waiton, J., and Yubero-Navarro, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The imaging of individual Ba$^{2+}$ ions in high pressure xenon gas is one possible way to attain background-free sensitivity to neutrinoless double beta decay and hence establish the Majorana nature of the neutrino. In this paper we demonstrate selective single Ba$^{2+}$ ion imaging inside a high-pressure xenon gas environment. Ba$^{2+}$ ions chelated with molecular chemosensors are resolved at the gas-solid interface using a diffraction-limited imaging system with scan area of 1$\times$1~cm$^2$ located inside 10~bar of xenon gas. This new form of microscopy represents an important enabling step in the development of barium tagging for neutrinoless double beta decay searches in $^{136}$Xe, as well as a new tool for studying the photophysics of fluorescent molecules and chemosensors at the solid-gas interface.

Published
2024

25. Report from the Workshop on Xenon Detector $0\nu\beta\beta$ Searches: Steps Towards the Kilotonne Scale

Author

Anker, A., Avasthi, A., Brodeur, M., Brunner, T., Byrnes, N. K., Catarineu, N. R., Cottle, A., Englezos, P., Fairbank, W., Díaz, D. González, Guenette, R., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hedges, S., Heffner, M., Holt, J. D., Jamil, A., Jones, B. J. P., Kawada, N., Leardini, S., Lenardo, B. G., Marc, A., Masbou, J., Mistry, K., Mong, B., Monreal, B., Moore, D. C., Nygren, D. R., Olcina, I., Orrell, J. L., Pocar, A., Richardson, G., Rogers, L., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Wittweg, C., Xia, Q., Yang, L., and Zennamo, J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

These proceedings summarize the program and discussions of the ``Workshop on Xenon Detector $0\nu\beta\beta$ Searches: Steps Towards the Kilotonne Scale'' held on October 25-27 2023 at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. This workshop brought together experts from the communities of neutrinoless double-beta decay and dark matter detection, to discuss paths forward for the realization of monolithic experiments with xenon approaching the kilotonne scale., Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings

Published
2024

26. First operation of a multi-channel Q-Pix prototype: measuring transverse electron diffusion in a gas time projection chamber

Author

Hoch, Nora, Seidel, Olivia, Chirayath, Varghese A., Enriquez, Alfredo, Gramellini, Elena, Guenette, Roxanne, Jaidee, I-See W., Keefe, Kevin, Kohani, Shahab, Kubota, Shion, Mahdy, Hany, McDonald, Austin, Mei, Yuan, Miao, Peng, Newcomer, F. Mitch, Nygren, David, Parmaksiz, Ilker, Rooks, Michael, Tzoka, Iakovos, Wei, Wenzhao, Asaadi, Jonathan, and Battat, James B. R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report measurements of the transverse diffusion of electrons in P-10 gas (90% Ar, 10% CH4) in a laboratory-scale time projection chamber (TPC) utilizing a novel pixelated signal capture and digitization technique known as Q-Pix. The Q-Pix method incorporates a precision switched integrating transimpedance amplifier whose output is compared to a threshold voltage. Upon reaching the threshold, a comparator sends a 'reset' signal, initiating a discharge of the integrating capacitor. The time difference between successive resets is inversely proportional to the average current at the pixel in that time interval, and the number of resets is directly proportional to the total collected charge. We developed a 16-channel Q-Pix prototype fabricated from commercial off-the-shelf components and coupled them to 16 concentric annular anode electrodes to measure the spatial extent of the electron swarm that reaches the anode after drifting through the uniform field of the TPC. The swarm is produced at a gold photocathode using pulsed UV light. The measured transverse diffusion agrees with simulations in PyBoltz across a range of operating pressures (200-1500 Torr). These results demonstrate that a Q-Pix readout can successfully reconstruct the ionization topology in a TPC., Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures

Published
2024

27. First operation of a multi-channel Q-Pix prototype: measuring transverse electron diffusion in a gas time projection chamber

Author

Hoch, N, Seidel, O, Chirayath, VA, Enriquez, AB, Gramellini, E, Guenette, R, Jaidee, IW, Keefe, K, Kohani, S, Kubota, S, Mahdy, H, McDonald, AD, Mei, Y, Miao, P, Newcomer, FM, Nygren, D, Parmaksiz, I, Rooks, M, Tzoka, I, Wei, W-Z, Asaadi, J, and Battat, JBR

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Bioengineering, NSD-Relativistic Nuclear Collisions, Engineering, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Physical sciences
Abstract

Abstract: We report measurements of the transverse diffusion of electrons in P-10 gas (90% Ar, 10% CH4) in a laboratory-scale time projection chamber (TPC) utilizing a novel pixelated signal capture and digitization technique known as Q-Pix. The Q-Pix method incorporates a precision switched integrating transimpedance amplifier whose output is compared to a threshold voltage. Upon reaching the threshold, a comparator sends a 'reset' signal, initiating a discharge of the integrating capacitor. The time difference between successive resets is inversely proportional to the average current at the pixel in that time interval, and the number of resets is directly proportional to the total collected charge. We developed a 16-channel Q-Pix prototype fabricated from commercial off-the-shelf components and coupled them to 16 concentric annular anode electrodes to measure the spatial extent of the electron swarm that reaches the anode after drifting through the uniform field of the TPC. The swarm is produced at a gold photocathode using pulsed UV light. The measured transverse diffusion agrees with simulations in PyBoltz across a range of operating pressures (200–1500 Torr). These results demonstrate that a Q-Pix readout can successfully reconstruct the ionization topology in a TPC.

Published
2024

28. Touch, communication and affect: a systematic review on the use of touch in healthcare professions

Author

Raffaele Andrea Buono, Minna Nygren, and Nadia Bianchi-Berthouze

Subjects
Touch, Healthcare, Instrumental touch, Expressive/affective/socialtouch, Communication, Affect, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background The following systematic review explores the uses and understandings of physical, human-to-human touch engagements in healthcare professions. Given its central importance as both a diagnostic tool and a form of non-verbal communication, this review sought to understand the communicative, social and affective dimensions of touches a part of healthcare, medical or nursing interventions. We attempt to understand how touch communication seems to be structured in the literature, and what tends to be communicated via touch, but also to highlight how the dogmatic distinction between ‘instrumental’ and ‘expressive’ touches might have obscured a socio-affective matrix within all touches. Methods The synthesis produced was informed by 36 empirical studies involving either direct observation of touch practices, or recollection and discussion with healthcare professionals. The studies were selected from five databases in March 2022. In order to minimise risks of bias, the corpus was screened by two independent reviewers and underwent quality appraisal through the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The final dataset was then analysed, synthesised and presented according to the principles of thematic synthesis. Results We outline how medical touch has been mostly categorised as either ‘instrumental’ or ‘expressive’, with only the latter usually described as serving a communicative purpose, despite its lower incidence. We further highlight how touch seems to be operating across a fragile boundary between ‘reassuring presence’ and ‘control’, and thus requires carefulness by practitioners, and an understanding of boundaries. Then, we describe how the literature presented gender, cultural background and personal preference as elements influencing the use and perception of touch. Lastly, touch-mediated communication has been presented in some of the literature as a co-produced practice based on bodily, affective and contextual mutual attunement. Such an understanding radically reconfigures the patient as an active co-participant, as well as pushing against the conceptual boundary between instrumental and expressive touch, recognising how to affect cuts across human-made dichotomies. Conclusion We argue that communication might happen in all instances of touch, while also advocating for empirical work to outline and describe the adaptive physical dynamics (e.g. changes in speed, pressure, temperature) that regulate and alter even medical procedures for communicative purposes. We also discuss the need for social scientists to radically re-conceptualise not only the theoretical scaffolding behind medical touch, but also the methodologies deployed to investigate it—advocating for a renewed attention to bodily and interactional dynamics, particularly through the deployment of (micro-)phenomenological tools, broader ethnographical engagements, or sensors for automatic recognition of bio-signals. Limitations The review could be at risk of bias given it sampled only studies written in English, French, Italian, Spanish and Finnish, thus not highlighting potentially different cultural and theoretical perspectives emerging from non-EuroAmerican contexts. Moreover, only 36% of studies included discuss patients’ perspectives. Systematic review registration This review was not registered.

Published
2025
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29. Bloodstream infections at a tertiary hospital in the Gambia - a one-year retrospective study

Author

Paul Rahden, Ebrima Barrow, Haddy Bah, Sheikh Omar Bittaye, David Nygren, and Abdoulie Badjan

Subjects
Bloodstream infections, Bacteraemia, Antimicrobial Resistance, Sub-saharan Africa, The Gambia, Low resource setting, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Introduction Antimicrobial resistance is a significant global health concern, particularly in western Sub-Saharan Africa. This study describes causes of bloodstream infections and antimicrobial resistance at a tertiary hospital in The Gambia. Methods This retrospective analysis included all blood cultures performed at the Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia, from September 2022 to August 2023. Blood culture positivity-rates and pathogens were described. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using disk diffusion following the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results A total of 645 patients had blood cultures drawn during the study period with 260 (40%) positive results. Contaminants were identified in 28 cases (4%). The majority were drawn from neonatal or paediatric patients (360/645, 56%) and overall primarily in intensive care units (406/645, 63%). The median age was 3 years (interquartile range 0–31 years) and 46% were female. The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus 106/260 (41%), Klebsiella spp. 41/260 (16%), other bacteria within the Enterobacterales order 33/260 (13%), Pseudomonas spp. 22/260 (8%) and Acinetobacter spp. 19/260 (7%). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was seen in 34/58 (59%) tested. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) were seen in 36/40 (90%) of Klebsiella spp. and in 16/28 (57%) of other bacteria within the Enterobacterales order. Acquired antibiotic resistance, beyond wild-type, was reported in 17/20 (85%) of Pseudomonas spp. and 16/19 (84%) of Acinetobacter spp. Conclusion Overall, blood culture positivity rates were high, indicating restrictive testing suggesting that sample collection were restricted to mainly critically ill, neonatal or paediatric patients. Nonetheless, our data suggests a high proportion of bloodstream infections due to multi-drug resistant pathogens, including MRSA and ESBL-Enterobacterales. Importantly, generalisability of findings beyond this tertiary hospital setting remains restricted. However, our findings demonstrate a need for improved diagnostic stewardship and ongoing surveillance to provide robust evidence-based data to inform antimicrobial resistance interventions.

Published
2025
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32. Demonstrating the Q-Pix front-end using discrete OpAmp and CMOS transistors

Author

Miao, Peng, Asaadi, Jonathan, Battat, James B. R., Han, Mikyung, Keefe, Kevin, Kohani, S., McDonald, Austin D., Nygren, David, Seidel, Olivia, and Mei, Yuan

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Using Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) Operational Amplifiers (OpAmps) and Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) transistors, we present a demonstration of the Q-Pix front-end architecture, a novel readout solution for kiloton-scale Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) detectors. The Q-Pix scheme employs a Charge-Integrate/Reset process based on the Least Action principle, enabling pixel-scale self-triggering charge collection and processing, minimizing energy consumption, and maximizing data compression. We examine the architecture's sensitivity, linearity, noise, and other features at the circuit board level and draw comparisons to SPICE simulations. Furthermore, we highlight the resemblance between the Q-Pix front-end and Sigma-Delta modulator, emphasizing that digital data processing techniques for Sigma-Delta can be directly applied to Q-Pix, resulting in enhanced signal-to-noise performance. These insights will inform the development of Q-Pix front-end designs in integrated circuits (IC) and guide data collection and processing for future large-scale LArTPC detectors in neutrino physics and other high-energy physics experiments.

Published
2023

33. Design, characterization and installation of the NEXT-100 cathode and electroluminescence regions

Author

NEXT Collaboration, Mistry, K., Rogers, L., Jones, B. J. P., Munson, B., Norman, L., Adams, C., Almazán, H., Álvarez, V., Aparicio, B., Aranburu, A. I., Arazi, L., Arnquist, I. J., Auria-Luna, F., Ayet, S., Azevedo, C. D. R., Bailey, K., Ballester, F., del Barrio-Torregrosa, M., Bayo, A., Benlloch-Rodríguez, J. M., Borges, F. I. G. M., Brodolin, A., Byrnes, N., Cárcel, S., Castillo, A., Cebrián, S., Church, E., Cid, L., Conde, C. A. N., Contreras, T., Cossío, F. P., Dey, E., Díaz, G., Dickel, T., Echevarria, C., Elorza, M., Escada, J., Esteve, R., Felkai, R., Fernandes, L. M. P., Ferrario, P., Ferreira, A. L., Foss, F. W., Freitas, E. D. C., Freixa, Z., Gómez-Cadenas, J. J., González, R., Grocott, J. W. R., Guenette, R., Hafidi, K., Hauptman, J., Henriques, C. A. O., Hernando~Morata, J. A., Herrero-Gómez, P., Herrero, V., Carrete, C. Hervés, Ifergan, Y., Larizgoitia, L., Larumbe, A., Lebrun, P., Lopez, F., López-March, N., Madigan, R., Mano, R. D. P., Marques, A. P., Martín-Albo, J., Martínez-Lema, G., Martínez-Vara, M., Meziani, Z. E., Miller, R. L., Molina-Canteras, J., Monrabal, F., Monteiro, C. M. B., Mora, F. J., Navarro, K. E., Novella, P., Nuñez, A., Nygren, D. R., Oblak, E., Oliver, D., Palacio, J., Palmeiro, B., Para, A., Parmaksiz, I., Pelegrin, J., Maneiro, M. Pérez, Querol, M., Redwine, A. B., Renner, J., Rivilla, I., Rogero, C., Romeo, B., Romo-Luque, C., Santos, F. P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Seemann, M., Shomroni, I., Simón, A., Soleti, S. R., Sorel, M., Soto-Oton, J., Teixeira, J. M. R., Toledo, J. F., Torrent, J., Trettin, A., Usón, A., Veloso, J. F. C. A., Waiton, J., and Yubero, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

NEXT-100 is currently being constructed at the Laboratorio Subterr\'aneo de Canfranc in the Spanish Pyrenees and will search for neutrinoless double beta decay using a high-pressure gaseous time projection chamber (TPC) with 100 kg of xenon. Charge amplification is carried out via electroluminescence (EL) which is the process of accelerating electrons in a high electric field region causing secondary scintillation of the medium proportional to the initial charge. The NEXT-100 EL and cathode regions are made from tensioned hexagonal meshes of 1 m diameter. This paper describes the design, characterization, and installation of these parts for NEXT-100. Simulations of the electric field are performed to model the drift and amplification of ionization electrons produced in the detector under various EL region alignments and rotations. Measurements of the electrostatic breakdown voltage in air characterize performance under high voltage conditions and identify breakdown points. The electrostatic deflection of the mesh is quantified and fit to a first-principles mechanical model. Measurements were performed with both a standalone test EL region and with the NEXT-100 EL region before its installation in the detector. Finally, we describe the parts as installed in NEXT-100, following their deployment in Summer 2023., Comment: 35 pages, 25 Figures, update includes accepted version in JINST

Published
2023
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34. Demonstration of Event Position Reconstruction based on Diffusion in the NEXT-White Detector

Author

Haefner, J., Navarro, K. E., Guenette, R., Jones, B. J. P., Tripathi, A., Adams, C., Almazán, H., Álvarez, V., Aparicio, B., Aranburu, A. I., Arazi, L., Arnquist, I. J., Auria-Luna, F., Ayet, S., Azevedo, C. D. R., Bailey, K., Ballester, F., del Barrio-Torregrosa, M., Bayo, A., BenllochRodríguez, J. M., Borges, F. I. G. M., Brodolin, A., Byrnes, N., Cárcel, S., Carrión, J. V., Cebrián, S., Church, E., Cid, L., Conde, C. A. N., Contreras, T., Cossío, F. P., Dey, E., Díaz, G., Dickel, T., Elorza, M., Escada, J., Esteve, R., Felkai, R., Fernandes, L. M. P., Ferrario, P., Ferreira, A. L., Foss, F. W., Freitas, E. D. C., Freixa, Z., Generowicz, J., Goldschmidt, A., Gómez-Cadenas, J. J., González, R., Grocott, J., Hafidi, K., Hauptman, J., Henriques, C. A. O., Morata, J. A. Hernando, Herrero-Gómez, P., Herrero, V., Carrete, C. Hervés, Ifergan, Y., Labarga, L., Larizgoitia, L., Larumbe, A., Lebrun, P., Lopez, F., López-March, N., Madigan, R., Mano, R. D. P., Marques, A. P., Martín-Albo, J., Martínez-Lema, G., Martínez-Vara, M., Meziani, Z. E., Miller, R. L., Mistry, K., Molina-Canteras, J., Monrabal, F., Monteiro, C. M. B., Mora, F. J., Vidal, J. Muñoz, Novella, P., Nuñez, A., Nygren, D. R., Oblak, E., Palacio, J., Palmeiro, B., Para, A., Parmaksiz, I., Pelegrin, J., Maneiro, M. Pérez, Querol, M., Redwine, A. B., Renner, J., Rivilla, I., Rodríguez, J., Rogero, C., Rogers, L., Romeo, B., Romo-Luque, C., Santos, F. P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Shomroni, I., Simón, A., Soleti, S. R., Sorel, M., Soto-Oton, J., Teixeira, J. M. R., Toledo, J. F., Torrent, J., Trettin, A., Usón, A., Veloso, J. F. C. A., Waiton, J., and White, J. T.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Noble element time projection chambers are a leading technology for rare event detection in physics, such as for dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay searches. Time projection chambers typically assign event position in the drift direction using the relative timing of prompt scintillation and delayed charge collection signals, allowing for reconstruction of an absolute position in the drift direction. In this paper, alternate methods for assigning event drift distance via quantification of electron diffusion in a pure high pressure xenon gas time projection chamber are explored. Data from the NEXT-White detector demonstrate the ability to achieve good position assignment accuracy for both high- and low-energy events. Using point-like energy deposits from $^{83\mathrm{m}}$Kr calibration electron captures ($E\sim45$keV), the position of origin of low-energy events is determined to $2~$cm precision with bias $< 1$mm. A convolutional neural network approach is then used to quantify diffusion for longer tracks (E$\geq$1.5MeV), yielding a precision of 3cm on the event barycenter. The precision achieved with these methods indicates the feasibility energy calibrations of better than 1% FWHM at Q$_{\beta\beta}$ in pure xenon, as well as the potential for event fiducialization in large future detectors using an alternate method that does not rely on primary scintillation., Comment: 18 pages, 16 figures

Published
2023

35. Demonstration of event position reconstruction based on diffusion in the NEXT-white detector

Author

Haefner, J, Navarro, KE, Guenette, R, Jones, BJP, Tripathi, A, Adams, C, Almazán, H, Álvarez, V, Aparicio, B, Aranburu, AI, Arazi, L, Arnquist, IJ, Auria-Luna, F, Ayet, S, Azevedo, CDR, Bailey, K, Ballester, F, Barrio-Torregrosa, M del, Bayo, A, Benlloch-Rodríguez, JM, Borges, FIGM, Brodolin, A, Byrnes, N, Cárcel, S, Carrión, JV, Cebrián, S, Church, E, Cid, L, Conde, CAN, Contreras, T, Cossío, FP, Dey, E, Díaz, G, Dickel, T, Elorza, M, Escada, J, Esteve, R, Felkai, R, Fernandes, LMP, Ferrario, P, Ferreira, AL, Foss, FW, Freitas, EDC, Freixa, Z, Generowicz, J, Goldschmidt, A, Gómez-Cadenas, JJ, González, R, Grocott, J, Hafidi, K, Hauptman, J, Henriques, CAO, Morata, JA Hernando, Herrero-Gómez, P, Herrero, V, Hervés Carrete, C, Ifergan, Y, Labarga, L, Larizgoitia, L, Larumbe, A, Lebrun, P, Lopez, F, López-March, N, Madigan, R, Mano, RDP, Marques, AP, Martín-Albo, J, Martínez-Lema, G, Martínez-Vara, M, Meziani, ZE, Miller, RL, Mistry, K, Molina-Canteras, J, Monrabal, F, Monteiro, CMB, Mora, FJ, Muñoz Vidal, J, Novella, P, Nuñez, A, Nygren, DR, Oblak, E, Palacio, J, Palmeiro, B, Para, A, Parmaksiz, I, Pelegrin, J, Pérez Maneiro, M, Querol, M, Redwine, AB, Renner, J, Rivilla, I, Rodríguez, J, Rogero, C, Rogers, L, Romeo, B, Romo-Luque, C, Santos, FP, dos Santos, JMF, Shomroni, I, and Simón, A

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

Noble element time projection chambers are a leading technology for rare event detection in physics, such as for dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay searches. Time projection chambers typically assign event position in the drift direction using the relative timing of prompt scintillation and delayed charge collection signals, allowing for reconstruction of an absolute position in the drift direction. In this paper, alternate methods for assigning event drift distance via quantification of electron diffusion in a pure high pressure xenon gas time projection chamber are explored. Data from the NEXT-White detector demonstrate the ability to achieve good position assignment accuracy for both high- and low-energy events. Using point-like energy deposits from 83mKr calibration electron captures (E∼45 keV), the position of origin of low-energy events is determined to 2 cm precision with bias

Published
2024

37. $\textit{In situ}$ electric-field control of ferromagnetic resonance in the low-loss organic-based ferrimagnet V[TCNE]$_{x\sim 2}$

Author

Kurfman, Seth W., Franson, Andrew, Shah, Piyush, Shi, Yueguang, Cheung, Hil Fung Harry, Nygren, Katherine E., Swyt, Mitchell, Buchanan, Kristen S., Fuchs, Gregory D., Flatté, Michael E., Srinivasan, Gopalan, Page, Michael, and Johnston-Halperin, Ezekiel

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We demonstrate indirect electric-field control of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) in devices that integrate the low-loss, molecule-based, room-temperature ferrimagnet vanadium tetracyanoethylene (V[TCNE]$_{x \sim 2}$) mechanically coupled to PMN-PT piezoelectric transducers. Upon straining the V[TCNE]$_x$ films, the FMR frequency is tuned by more than 6 times the resonant linewidth with no change in Gilbert damping for samples with $\alpha = 6.5 \times 10^{-5}$. We show this tuning effect is due to a strain-dependent magnetic anisotropy in the films and find the magnetoelastic coefficient $|\lambda_S| \sim (1 - 4.4)$ ppm, backed by theoretical predictions from DFT calculations and magnetoelastic theory. Noting the rapidly expanding application space for strain-tuned FMR, we define a new metric for magnetostrictive materials, $\textit{magnetostrictive agility}$, given by the ratio of the magnetoelastic coefficient to the FMR linewidth. This agility allows for a direct comparison between magnetostrictive materials in terms of their comparative efficacy for magnetoelectric applications requiring ultra-low loss magnetic resonance modulated by strain. With this metric, we show V[TCNE]$_x$ is competitive with other magnetostrictive materials including YIG and Terfenol-D. This combination of ultra-narrow linewidth and magnetostriction in a system that can be directly integrated into functional devices without requiring heterogeneous integration in a thin-film geometry promises unprecedented functionality for electric-field tuned microwave devices ranging from low-power, compact filters and circulators to emerging applications in quantum information science and technology.

Published
2023

38. Observation of high-energy neutrinos from the Galactic plane

Author

Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Alameddine, J. M., Alves Jr., A. A., Amin, N. M., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Ashida, Y., Athanasiadou, S., Axani, S., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Barwick, S. W., Basu, V., Baur, S., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. -H., Tjus, J. Becker, Beise, J., Bellenghi, C., Benda, S., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Boddenberg, M., Bontempo, F., Book, J. Y., Borowka, J., Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Bourbeau, E., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Brinson, B., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burley, R. T., Busse, R. S., Campana, M. A., Carnie-Bronca, E. G., Chen, C., Chen, Z., Chirkin, D., Choi, K., Clark, B. A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Connolly, A., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Dappen, C., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., López, D. Delgado, Dembinski, H., Deoskar, K., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dittmer, M., Dujmovic, H., Dunkman, M., DuVernois, M. A., Ehrhardt, T., Eller, P., Engel, R., Erpenbeck, H., Evans, J., Evenson, P. A., Fan, K. L., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feigl, N., Fiedlschuster, S., Fienberg, A. T., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fritz, A., Fürst, P., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garcia, A., Garrappa, S., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Glaser, C., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goehlke, N., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Grant, D., Grégoire, T., Griswold, S., Günther, C., Gutjahr, P., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halliday, R., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Minh, M. Ha, Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Harnisch, A. A., Haungs, A., Helbing, K., Henningsen, F., Hettinger, E. C., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoshina, K., Hou, W., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., Hymon, K., In, S., Iovine, N., Ishihara, A., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jin, M., Jones, B. J. P., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Kardum, L., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kellermann, M., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kin, K., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S. R., Kochocki, A., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Kontrimas, T., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Kozynets, T., Krupczak, E., Kun, E., Kurahashi, N., Lad, N., Gualda, C. Lagunas, Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Lee, J. W., Leonard, K., Leszczyńska, A., Li, Y., Lincetto, M., Liu, Q. R., Liubarska, M., Lohfink, E., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Ludwig, A., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Ma, W. Y., Madsen, J., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Mancina, S., Mariş, I. C., Martinez-Soler, I., Maruyama, R., McCarthy, S., McElroy, T., McNally, F., Mead, J. V., Meagher, K., Mechbal, S., Medina, A., Meier, M., Meighen-Berger, S., Merckx, Y., Micallef, J., Mockler, D., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morik, K., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Mukherjee, T., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Nahnhauer, R., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Nguyen, L. V., Niederhausen, H., Nisa, M. U., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Oehler, M., Oeyen, B., Olivas, A., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Peters, L., Peterson, J., Philippen, S., Pieper, S., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Popovych, Y., Porcelli, A., Rodriguez, M. Prado, Pries, B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Rack-Helleis, J., Raissi, A., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Rechav, Z., Rehman, A., Reichherzer, P., Reimann, R., Renzi, G., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Roberts, E. J., Robertson, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Cantu, D. Rysewyk, Safa, I., Saffer, J., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sampathkumar, P., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schindler, S., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Schwefer, G., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Sharma, A., Shefali, S., Shimizu, N., Silva, M., Skrzypek, B., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Sogaard, A., Soldin, D., Spannfellner, C., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stein, R., Stettner, J., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, B., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Ter-Antonyan, S., Thwaites, J., Tilav, S., Tischbein, F., Tollefson, K., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turcotte, R., Turley, C. F., Twagirayezu, J. P., Ty, B., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Valtonen-Mattila, N., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Veitch-Michaelis, J., Verpoest, S., Walck, C., Wang, W., Watson, T. B., Weaver, C., Weigel, P., Weindl, A., Weiss, M. J., Weldert, J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whitehorn, N., Wiebusch, C. H., Willey, N., Williams, D. R., Wolf, M., Wrede, G., Wulff, J., Xu, X. W., Yanez, J. P., Yildizci, E., Yoshida, S., Yu, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., and Zhelnin, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

The origin of high-energy cosmic rays, atomic nuclei that continuously impact Earth's atmosphere, has been a mystery for over a century. Due to deflection in interstellar magnetic fields, cosmic rays from the Milky Way arrive at Earth from random directions. However, near their sources and during propagation, cosmic rays interact with matter and produce high-energy neutrinos. We search for neutrino emission using machine learning techniques applied to ten years of data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. We identify neutrino emission from the Galactic plane at the 4.5$\sigma$ level of significance, by comparing diffuse emission models to a background-only hypothesis. The signal is consistent with modeled diffuse emission from the Galactic plane, but could also arise from a population of unresolved point sources., Comment: Submitted on May 12th, 2022; Accepted on May 4th, 2023

Published
2023
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39. Fluorescence imaging of individual ions and molecules in pressurized noble gases for barium tagging in 136Xe

Author

N. K. Byrnes, E. Dey, F. W. Foss, B. J. P. Jones, R. Madigan, A. D. McDonald, R. L. Miller, L. R. Norman, K. E. Navarro, D. R. Nygren, and NEXT Collaboration

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract The imaging of individual Ba2+ ions in high pressure xenon gas is one possible way to attain background-free sensitivity to neutrinoless double beta decay and hence establish the Majorana nature of the neutrino. In this paper we demonstrate selective single Ba2+ ion imaging inside a high-pressure xenon gas environment. Ba2+ ions chelated with molecular chemosensors are resolved at the gas-solid interface using a diffraction-limited imaging system with scan area of 1 × 1 cm2 located inside 10 bar of xenon gas. This form of microscopy represents key ingredient in the development of barium tagging for neutrinoless double beta decay searches in 136Xe. This also provides a new tool for studying the photophysics of fluorescent molecules and chemosensors at the solid-gas interface to enable bottom-up design of catalysts and sensors.

Published
2024
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40. The Role of Embodied Scaffolding in Revealing 'Enactive Potentialities' in Intergenerational Science Exploration

Author

Minna O. Nygren, Sara Price, and Rhiannon Thomas Jha

Abstract

Although adults are known to play an important role in young children's development, little work has focused on the enactive features of scaffolding in informal learning settings, and the embodied dynamics of intergenerational interaction. To address this gap, this paper undertakes a microinteractional analysis to examine intergenerational collaborative interaction in a science museum setting. The paper presents a fine-grained moment-by-moment analysis of video-recorded interaction of children and their adult carers around science-themed objects. Taking an enactive cognition perspective, the analysis enables access to subtle shifts in interactants' perception, action, gesture, and movement to examine how young children engage with exhibits, and the role adult action plays in supporting young children's engagement with exhibits and developing ideas about science. Our findings demonstrate that intergenerational "embodied scaffolding" is instrumental in making "enactive potentialities" in the environment more accessible for children, thus deepening and enriching children's engagement with science. Adult action is central to revealing scientific dimensions of objects' interaction and relationships in ways that expose novel types of perception and action opportunities in shaping science experiences and meaning making. This has implications for science education practices since it foregrounds not only "doing" science, through active hands-on activities, but also speaks to the interconnectedness between senses and the role of the body in thinking. Drawing on the findings, this paper also offers design implications for informal science learning environments.

Published
2024
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41. Quality Culture at Nordic Universities

Author

Christina Nygren-Landgärds, Lena B. Mårtensson, Riitta Pyykkö, John Olav Bjørnestad, and Roald von Schoultz

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate common features and ways of understanding quality culture (QC) within higher education institutions (HEIs) in Nordic countries. While the concept of QC is commonly accepted and often used, its meaning is not always clear. This paper focuses on how Nordic universities frame QC in their internal documentation. The Nordic context was chosen due to the close cooperation on quality issues that characterise HEIs within the Nordic region. The discussion section of this paper outlines QC in relation to quality assurance (QA) among HEIs within the European and Nordic regions. Sixteen universities participated in the study by sharing documents describing their QCs. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis and discussed from different perspectives, such as regarding how the universities use the concept of QC and how QC is created. Based on the results, a model was created that provides an overview of how QC emerges and how the concept is implemented in documentation. It is hoped that the results will both contribute useful input to the ongoing collaboration on quality issues among HEIs in the Nordic region and will also be useful in enhancing QC at universities in other regions.

Published
2024
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