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7. Soybean and maize differentially metabolize deuterated ferulic and sinapic acids before polymerizing them into the root cell wall

Author

Aline Marengoni Almeida, Diany Lucy Silveira dos Reis, Eduardo Jorge Pilau, Rogério Barbosa de Lima, Rodrigo Polimeni Constantin, Rogério Marchiosi, Osvaldo Ferrarese-Filho, and Wanderley Dantas dos Santos

Subjects
Allelopathy, Hydroxycinnamic acids, Lignin, Phenylpropanoid pathway, Phenolic compounds, Secondary metabolism, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Hydroxycinnamates induce lignification in young plants, leading to the overproduction of lignin as a defense mechanism. Phenylpropanoids-containing oligosaccharides are thought to be a signal of pathogen attack on the cell wall polysaccharides. However, it is unclear if hydroxycinnamates induce lignification by acting solely as stress elicitors or feeding the phenylpropanoid pathway as lignin precursors. To examine this hypothesis, we added 1 mM deuterated ferulic acid (FA) or sinapic acid (SA) to the nutrient solution in which we cultivated soybean or maize plantlets. After 24 h, we assessed the biometric parameters and the contents of ester-linked FA and SA, total lignin, monolignol ratio, and heavy monolignols. FA treatment increased the content of ester-linked FA, syringyl, and guaiacyl monomers measured by nitrobenzene oxidation, lignin content, and reduced root growth in both soybean and maize plants. p-Coumaric acid content ester-linked to the cell wall increased in soybean but decreased in maize after treatment with FA. Treatment with SA also induced lignification in soybean but not in maize. SA increased S-lignin and sinapoyl esters content in the cell wall polymers in both soybean and maize. Residues of deuterated hydroxycinnamates were detected in the lignin of both plants in both treatments. The assay demonstrated that exogenously applied SA and FA were metabolized through the phenylpropanoid pathway. Furthermore, they were, at least partially, exported to the apoplast, where they were ester-linked to cell wall polymers. This suggests hydroxycinnamic acids are metabolized differently by plants with different types of cell walls.

Published
2024
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9. Treating maize plants with benzohydrazide increases saccharification of lignocellulose: A non-transgenic approach to improve cellulosic ethanol production

Author

Martarello, Danielly Caroline Inacio, Tonete-Diniz, Débora Carvalho, Gonzaga, Diego Eduardo Romero, Almeida, Aline Marengoni, Constantin, Renato Polimeni, da Silva, Karla Gabriela, Constantin, Rodrigo Polimeni, Marchiosi, Rogério, Alves-Olher, Vanessa Guimarães, Rios, Fabiano Aparecido, Ferrarese-Filho, Osvaldo, and dos Santos, Wanderley Dantas

Published
2023
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15. Italian guidance on Dementia Day Care Centres: A position paper

Author

Mossello, Enrico, Baccini, Marco, Caramelli, Francesca, Biagini, Carlo Adriano, Cester, Alberto, De Vreese, Luc Pieter, Darvo, Gianluca, Vampini, Claudio, Gotti, Mabel, Fabbo, Andrea, Marengoni, Alessandra, Cavallini, Maria Chiara, Gori, Guido, Chattat, Rabih, Marini, Monica, Ceron, Davide, Lanzoni, Alessandro, Pizziolo, Paolo, Mati, Andrea, Zilli, Iole, Cantini, Claudia, Caleri, Veronica, Tonon, Elisabetta, Simoni, David, Mecocci, Patrizia, Ungar, Andrea, and Masotti, Giulio

Published
2023
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17. Lignin monomeric composition in soybean seed coats and resistance to mechanical damage

Author

Thaís Valério Raimundo Menino, Breno Miguel Joia, Aline Marengoni Almeida, Francisco Carlos Krzyzanowski, Rogério Marchiosi, and Osvaldo Ferrarese-Filho

Subjects
Glycine max (L.) Merrill, guaiacyl, monolignols, seed quality, syringyl, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Abstract: Soybean seeds are crucial for global food production. Various factors affect the quality of soybean seeds, including mechanical damage, which can lead to reduced germination potential and decreased seedling vigor. The presence of lignin in the seed coat contributes to resistance to mechanical damage. However, the relationship between the monomeric composition of lignin and mechanical damage is unknown. To fill this gap, we evaluated the contents of monomers hydroxyphenyl (H), guaiacyl (G), and syringyl (S) in seed coats of three cultivars of soybean, namely, Doko, IAS-5, and Savana. The results revealed that the monomeric composition of lignin varied between resistant and susceptible cultivars. The levels of G and S monomers were inverse in the cultivars Doko and Savana, suggesting that the composition of lignin monomers may play a crucial role in the resistance of soybean seeds to mechanical damage. In addition, negative linear regressions between lignin and S monomer contents and S/G ratios could be helpful as an alternative to identify resistance in soybean seeds.

Published
2023
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20. Visual and Hearing Impairment Are Associated With Delirium in Hospitalized Patients: Results of a Multisite Prevalence Study

Author

Tarasconi, A., Sella, M., Auriemma, S., Paternò, G., Faggian, G., Lucarelli, C., De Grazia, N., Alberto, C., Margola, A., Porcella, L., Nardiello, I., Chimenti, E., Zeni, M., Giani, A., Famularo, S., Romairone, E., Minaglia, C., Ceccotti, C., Guerra, G., Mantovani, G., Monacelli, F., Candiani, T., Ballestrero, A., Santolini, F., Rosso, M., Bono, V., Sibilla, S., Dal Santo, P., Ceci, M., Barone, P., Schirinzi, T., Formenti, A., Nastasi, G., Isaia, G., Gonella, D., Battuello, A., Casson, S., Calvani, D., Boni, F., Ciaccio, A., Rosa, R., Sanna, G., Manfredini, S., Cortese, L., Rizzo, M., Prestano, R., Greco, A., Lauriola, M., Gelosa, G., Piras, V., Arena, M., Cosenza, D., Bellomo, A., LaMontagna, M., Gabbani, L., Lambertucci, L., Perego, S., Parati, G., Basile, G., Gallina, V., Pilone, G., Giudice, C., De, F., Pietrogrande, L., De, B., Mosca, M., Corazzin, I., Rossi, P., Nunziata, V., D'Amico, F., Grippa, A., Giardini, S., Barucci, R., Cossu, A., Fiorin, L., Distefano, M., Lunardelli, M., Brunori, M., Ruffini, I., Abraham, E., Varutti, A., Fabbro, E., Catalano, A., Martino, G., Leotta, D., Marchet, A., Dell'Aquila, G., Scrimieri, A., Davoli, M., Casella, M., Cartei, A., Polidori, G., Brischetto, D., Motta, S., Saponara, R., Perrone, P., Russo, G., Del, D., Car, C., Pirina, T., Franzoni, S., Cotroneo, A., Ghiggia, F., Volpi, G., Menichetti, C., Bo, M., Panico, A., Calogero, P., Corvalli, G., Mauri, M., Lupia, E., Manfredini, R., Fabbian, F., March, A., Pedrotti, M., Veronesi, M., Strocchi, E., Borghi, C., Bianchetti, A., Crucitti, A., DiFrancesco, V., Fontana, G., Bonanni, L., Barbone, F., Serrati, C., Ballardini, G., Simoncelli, M., Ceschia, G., Scarpa, C., Brugiolo, R., Fusco, S., Ciarambino, T., Biagini, C., Tonon, E., Porta, M., Venuti, D., DelSette, M., Poeta, M., Barbagallo, G., Trovato, G., Delitala, A., Arosio, P., Reggiani, F., Zuliani, G., Ortolani, B., Mussio, E., Girardi, A., Coin, A., Ruotolo, G., Castagna, A., Masina, M., Cimino, R., Pinciaroli, A., Tripodi, G., Cannistrà, U., Cassadonte, F., Vatrano, M., Scaglione, L., Fogliacco, P., Muzzuilini, C., Romano, F., Padovani, A., Rozzini, L., Cagnin, A., Fragiacomo, F., Desideri, G., Liberatore, E., Bruni, A., Orsitto, G., Franco, M., Bonfrate, L., Bonetto, M., Pizio, N., Magnani, G., Cecchetti, G., Longo, A., Bubba, V., Marinan, L., Cotelli, M., Turla, M., Sessa, M., Abruzzi, L., Castoldi, G., LoVetere, D., Musacchio, C., Novello, M., Cavarape, A., Bini, A., Leonardi, A., Seneci, F., Grimaldi, W., Fimognari, F., Bambara, V., Saitta, A., Corica, F., Braga, M., Ettorre, E., Camellini, C., Bellelli, G., Annoni, G., Marengoni, A., Crescenzo, A., Noro, G., Turco, R., Ponzetto, M., Giuseppe, L., Mazzei, B., Maiuri, G., Costaggiu, D., Damato, R., Formilan, M., Patrizia, G., Gallucci, M., Paragona, M., Bini, P., Modica, D., Abati, C., Clerici, M., Barbera, I., NigroImperiale, F., Manni, A., Votino, C., Castiglioni, C., Di, M., Degl'Innocenti, M., Moscatelli, G., Guerini, S., Casini, C., Dini, D., D'Imporzano, E., DeNotariis, S., Bonometti, F., Paolillo, C., Riccardi, A., Tiozzo, A., DiBari, M., Vanni, S., Scarpa, A., Zara, D., Ranieri, P., Alessandro, M., Di, F., Pezzoni, D., Platto, C., D'Ambrosio, V., Ivaldi, C., Milia, P., DeSalvo, F., Solaro, C., Strazzacappa, M., Cazzadori, M., Confente, S., Grasso, M., Troisi, E., Guerini, V., Bernardini, B., Corsini, C., Boffelli, S., Filippi, A., Delpin, K., Faraci, B., Bertoletti, E., Vannucci, M., Tesi, F., Crippa, P., Malighetti, A., Bettini, D., Maltese, F., Abruzzese, G., Cosimo, D., Azzini, M., Colombo, M., Procino, G., Fascendini, S., Barocco, F., Del, P., Mazzone, A., Riva, E., Dell'Acqua, D., Cottino, M., Vezzadini, G., Avanzi, S., Brambilla, C., Orini, S., Sgrilli, F., Mello, A., Lombardi, L., Muti, E., Dijk, B., Fenu, S., Pes, C., Gareri, P., Passamonte, M., Rigo, R., Locusta, L., Caser, L., Rosso, G., Cesarini, S., Cozzi, R., Santini, C., Carbone, P., Cazzaniga, I., Lovati, R., Cantoni, A., Ranzani, P., Barra, D., Pompilio, G., Dimori, S., Cernesi, S., Riccò, C., Piazzolla, F., Capittini, E., Rota, C., Gottardi, F., Merla, L., Barelli, A., Millul, A., De, G., Morrone, G., Bigolari, M., Macchi, M., Zambon, F., Pizzorni, C., DiCasaleto, G., Menculini, G., Marcacci, M., Catanese, G., Sprini, D., DiCasalet, T., Bocci, M., Borga, S., Caironi, P., Cat, C., Cingolani, E., Avalli, L., Greco, G., Citerio, G., Gandini, L., Cornara, G., Lerda, R., Brazzi, L., Simeone, F., Caciorgna, M., Alampi, D., Francesconi, S., Beck, E., Antonini, B., Vettoretto, K., Meggiolaro, M., Garofalo, E., Notaro, S., Varutti, R., Bassi, F., Mistraletti, G., Marino, A., Rona, R., Rondelli, E., Riva, I., Scapigliati, A., Cortegiani, A., Vitale, F., Pistidda, L., D'Andrea, R., Querci, L., Gnesin, P., Todeschini, M., Lugano, M., Castelli, G., Ortolani, M., Cotoia, A., Maggiore, S., DiTizio, L., Graziani, R., Testa, I., Ferretti, E., Castioni, C., Lombardi, F., Caserta, R., Pasqua, M., Simoncini, S., Baccarini, F., Rispoli, M., Grossi, F., Cancelliere, L., Carnelli, M., Puccini, F., Biancofiore, G., Siniscalchi, A., Laici, C., Mossello, E., Torrini, M., Pasetti, G., Palmese, S., Oggioni, R., Mangani, V., Pini, S., Martelli, M., Rigo, E., Zuccalà, F., Cherri, A., Spina, R., Calamai, I., Petrucci, N., Caicedo, A., Ferri, F., Gritti, P., Brienza, N., Fonnesu, R., Dessena, M., Fullin, G., Saggioro, D., Morandi, Alessandro, Inzitari, Marco, Udina, Cristina, Gual, Neus, Mota, Miriam, Tassistro, Elena, Andreano, Anita, Cherubini, Antonio, Gentile, Simona, Mossello, Enrico, Marengoni, Alessandra, Olivé, Anna, Riba, Francesc, Ruiz, Domingo, de Jaime, Elisabet, and Bellelli, Giuseppe

Published
2021
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21. Unraveling Shikimate Dehydrogenase Inhibition by 6-Nitroquinazoline-2,4-diol and Its Impact on Soybean and Maize Growth

Author

Aline Marengoni Almeida, Josielle Abrahão, Flavio Augusto Vicente Seixas, Paulo Sergio Alves Bueno, Marco Aurélio Schüler de Oliveira, Larissa Fonseca Tomazini, Rodrigo Polimeni Constantin, Wanderley Dantas dos Santos, Rogério Marchiosi, and Osvaldo Ferrarese-Filho

Subjects
molecular docking, enzyme inhibitor, herbicides, shikimate pathway, virtual screening, Agriculture
Abstract

The shikimate pathway is crucial for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids in plants and represents a promising target for developing new herbicides. This work aimed to identify inhibitors of shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH), a key enzyme of the shikimate pathway that catalyzes the conversion of 3-dehydroshikimate to shikimate. Virtual screening and molecular dynamic simulations were performed on the SDH active site of Arabidopsis thaliana (AtSDH), and 6-nitroquinazoline-2,4-diol (NQD) was identified as a potential inhibitor. In vitro assays showed that NQD decreased the activity of AtSDH by reducing Vmax while keeping KM unchanged, indicating non-competitive inhibition. In vivo, hydroponic experiments revealed that NQD reduced the root length of soybean and maize. Additionally, NQD increased the total protein content and certain amino acids. Soybean roots uptake NQD more efficiently than maize roots. Furthermore, NQD reduced shikimate accumulation in glyphosate-treated soybean roots, suggesting its potential to restrict the flow of metabolites along the shikimate pathway in soybean. The simultaneous treatment of maize seedlings with glyphosate and NQD accumulated gallic acid in the roots, indicating that NQD inhibits SDH in vivo. Overall, the data indicate that NQD inhibits SDH both in vitro and in vivo, providing valuable insights into the potential development of herbicides targeting SDH.

Published
2024
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25. Development and validation of an electronic database-based frailty index to predict mortality and hospitalization in a population-based study of adults with SARS-CoV-2

Author

Paola Rebora, Carlo Alberto Scirè, Giuseppe Occhino, Francesco Bortolan, Olivia Leoni, Francesco Cideni, Alberto Zucchelli, Emanuele Focà, Alessandra Marengoni, Giuseppe Bellelli, and Maria Grazia Valsecchi

Subjects
care transitions, health services, public health, COVID-19, hospital, community, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

BackgroundElectronic health databases are used to identify people at risk of poor outcomes. Using electronic regional health databases (e-RHD), we aimed to develop and validate a frailty index (FI), compare it with a clinically based FI, and assess its association with health outcomes in community-dwellers with SARS-CoV-2.MethodsData retrieved from the Lombardy e-RHD were used to develop a 40-item FI (e-RHD-FI) in adults (i.e., aged ≥18 years) with a positive nasopharyngeal swab polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2 by May 20, 2021. The considered deficits referred to the health status before SARS-CoV-2. The e-RHD-FI was validated against a clinically based FI (c-FI) obtained from a cohort of people hospitalized with COVID-19 and in-hospital mortality was evaluated. e-RHD-FI performance was evaluated to predict 30-day mortality, hospitalization, and 60-day COVID-19 WHO clinical progression scale, in Regional Health System beneficiaries with SARS-CoV-2.ResultsWe calculated the e-RHD-FI in 689,197 adults (51.9% females, median age 52 years). On the clinical cohort, e-RHD-FI correlated with c-FI and was significantly associated with in-hospital mortality. In a multivariable Cox model, adjusted for confounders, each 0.1-point increment of e-RHD-FI was associated with increased 30-day mortality (Hazard Ratio, HR 1.45, 99% Confidence Intervals, CI: 1.42–1.47), 30-day hospitalization (HR per 0.1-point increment = 1.47, 99%CI: 1.46–1.49), and WHO clinical progression scale (Odds Ratio = 1.84 of deteriorating by one category, 99%CI 1.80–1.87).ConclusionThe e-RHD-FI can predict 30-day mortality, 30-day hospitalization, and WHO clinical progression scale in a large population of community-dwellers with SARS-CoV-2 test positivity. Our findings support the need to assess frailty with e-RHD.

Published
2023
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29. Optimizing older patient care in emergency departments: a comprehensive survey of current practices and challenges in Northern Italy

Author

Pinardi, E, Ornago, A, Bianchetti, A, Morandi, A, Mantovani, S, Marengoni, A, Colombo, M, Arosio, B, Okoye, C, Cortellaro, F, Bellelli, G, Pinardi, Elena, Ornago, Alice Margherita, Bianchetti, Angelo, Morandi, Alessandro, Mantovani, Stefano, Marengoni, Alessandra, Colombo, Mauro, Arosio, Beatrice, Okoye, Chukwuma, Cortellaro, Francesca, Bellelli, Giuseppe, Pinardi, E, Ornago, A, Bianchetti, A, Morandi, A, Mantovani, S, Marengoni, A, Colombo, M, Arosio, B, Okoye, C, Cortellaro, F, Bellelli, G, Pinardi, Elena, Ornago, Alice Margherita, Bianchetti, Angelo, Morandi, Alessandro, Mantovani, Stefano, Marengoni, Alessandra, Colombo, Mauro, Arosio, Beatrice, Okoye, Chukwuma, Cortellaro, Francesca, and Bellelli, Giuseppe

Abstract

Background: The progressive aging of the population and the increasing complexity of health issues contribute to a growing number of older individuals seeking emergency care. This study aims to assess the state of the art of care provided to older people in the Emergency Departments of Lombardy, the most populous region in Italy, counting over 2 million people aged 65 years and older. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was developed and disseminated among emergency medicine physicians and physicians affiliated to the Lombardy section of the Italian Society of Geriatrics and Gerontology (SIGG), during June and July 2023. The questionnaire covered hospital profiles, geriatric consultation practices, risk assessment tools, discharge processes and perspectives on geriatric emergency care. Results: In this mixed method research, 219 structured interviews were collected. The majority of physicians were employed in hospitals, with 54.7% being geriatricians. Critical gaps in older patient's care were identified, including the absence of dedicated care pathways, insufficient awareness of screening tools, and a need for enhanced professional training. Conclusions: Tailored protocols and geriatric educational programs are crucial for improving the quality of emergency care provided to older individuals. These measures might also help relieve the burden on the Emergency Departments, thereby potentially enhancing overall efficiency and ensuring better outcomes.

Published
2024

30. The Interplay among Respiratory Failure, Delirium, Frailty and Severity of Illness in Hospitalized Older Medical Patients: A Nationwide Multicenter Observational Study

Author

Fimognari, F, Tassistro, E, Rossi, E, Bambara, V, Valsecchi, M, Cherubini, A, Marengoni, A, Mossello, E, Inzitari, M, Morandi, A, Bellelli, G, Fimognari F. L., Tassistro E., Rossi E., Bambara V., Valsecchi M. G., Cherubini A., Marengoni A., Mossello E., Inzitari M., Morandi A., Bellelli G., Fimognari, F, Tassistro, E, Rossi, E, Bambara, V, Valsecchi, M, Cherubini, A, Marengoni, A, Mossello, E, Inzitari, M, Morandi, A, Bellelli, G, Fimognari F. L., Tassistro E., Rossi E., Bambara V., Valsecchi M. G., Cherubini A., Marengoni A., Mossello E., Inzitari M., Morandi A., and Bellelli G.

Abstract

Background: Prevalence, correlates and outcomes of respiratory failure (RF) were never studied in large populations of older patients hospitalized in acute care medical settings. Little is known about the possible association between RF and delirium, and whether these two syndromes, alone or in combination, may affect short-term mortality. Objectives: To investigate prevalence and features of RF, the association between delirium and RF, and their effect on short-term mortality. Design: Prospective cross-sectional study with data collection on an index day and 30-day follow up. Setting and Participants: 1493 patients aged ≥ 65 years hospitalized in Italian acute medical wards from the 2017 Delirium Day database. Methods: RF was identified according to the detection of peripheral oxygen saturation ≤ 91% on the index day, or to ongoing oxygen therapy or non-invasive ventilation on the index day or the day before. A modified National Early Warning Score (NEWS), obtained removing the “Oxygen Saturations” and “Any Supplemental Oxygen” items, measured non-hypoxemic severity of acute illness. Results: 300 patients (20.1%) had RF. Mortality was 16.6% in the RF group and 8.2% in the non-RF group (p<0.001). Delirium prevalence was 31.3% in RF (94 patients, 72 of whom with hypoactive or mixed delirium) and 22% in non-RF patients (p<0.001). Age, frailty, modified NEWS, steroids use, presence of urinary catheters or other major devices, but not delirium, were independent RF correlates. RF alone (OR [odds ratio]: 1.83; 95% CI [confidence interval]: 1.02–3.29) predicted 30-day mortality after adjustment for confounders, including modified NEWS. Without adjustment for modified NEWS, the combination of delirium and RF also significantly predicted 30-day mortality (OR: 2.26; 95% CI 1.08–4.72). Conclusions: In hospitalized older medical patients, RF was a prevalent syndrome which was frequently complicated by delirium. RF was featured by older age, frailty and severe illness, and

Published
2024

31. Effectiveness of the MULTIPAP Plus intervention in youngest-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy aimed at improving prescribing practices in primary care: study protocol of a cluster randomized trial

Author

Isabel del Cura-González, Juan A. López-Rodríguez, Francisca Leiva-Fernández, Luis A. Gimeno-Feliu, Victoria Pico-Soler, Mª. Josefa Bujalance-Zafra, Miguel Domínguez-Santaella, Elena Polentinos-Castro, Beatriz Poblador-Plou, Paula Ara-Bardají, Mercedes Aza-Pascual-Salcedo, Marisa Rogero-Blanco, Marcos Castillo-Jiménez, Cristina Lozano-Hernández, Antonio Gimeno-Miguel, Francisca González-Rubio, Rodrigo Medina-García, Alba González-Hevilla, Mario Gil-Conesa, Jesús Martín-Fernández, José M. Valderas, Alessandra Marengoni, Christiane Muth, J. Daniel Prados-Torres, Alexandra Prados-Torres, and MULTIPAP PLUS Group

Subjects
Multimorbidity, Patient-centred care, Polypharmacy, Medication reconciliation, Decision-making, Computer-assisted, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background The progressive ageing of the population is leading to an increase in multimorbidity and polypharmacy, which in turn may increase the risk of hospitalization and mortality. The enhancement of care with information and communications technology (ICT) can facilitate the use of prescription evaluation tools and support system for decision-making (DSS) with the potential of optimizing the healthcare delivery process. Objective To assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the complex intervention MULTIPAP Plus, compared to usual care, in improving prescriptions for young-old patients (65-74 years old) with multimorbidity and polypharmacy in primary care. Methods/design This is a pragmatic cluster-randomized clinical trial with a follow-up of 18 months in health centres of the Spanish National Health System. Unit of randomization: family physician. Unit of analysis: patient. Population Patients aged 65–74 years with multimorbidity (≥ 3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥ 5 drugs) during the previous 3 months were included. Sample size n = 1148 patients (574 per study arm). Intervention Complex intervention based on the ARIADNE principles with three components: (1) family physician (FP) training, (2) FP-patient interview, and (3) decision-making support system. Outcomes The primary outcome is a composite endpoint of hospital admission or death during the observation period measured as a binary outcome, and the secondary outcomes are number of hospital admission, all-cause mortality, use of health services, quality of life (EQ-5D-5L), functionality (WHODAS), falls, hip fractures, prescriptions and adherence to treatment. Clinical and sociodemographic factors will be explanatory variables. Statistical analysis The main result is the difference in percentages in the final composite endpoint variable at 18 months, with its corresponding 95% CI. Adjustments by the main confounding and prognostic factors will be performed through a multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance to the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion It is important to prevent the cascade of negative health and health care impacts attributable to the multimorbidity-polypharmacy binomial. ICT-enhanced routine clinical practice could improve the prescription process in patient care. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04147130 . Registered on 22 October 2019

Published
2022
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32. Delirium and frailty in older adults: Clinical overlap and biological underpinnings.

Author

Bellelli, Giuseppe, Triolo, Federico, Ferrara, Maria Cristina, Deiner, Stacie G., Morandi, Alessandro, Cesari, Matteo, Davis, Daniel, Marengoni, Alessandra, Inzitari, Marco, Watne, Leiv Otto, Rockwood, Kenneth, and Vetrano, Davide Liborio

Subjects
LITERATURE reviews, OLDER people, SYMPTOMS, FRAILTY, DELIRIUM
Abstract

Frailty and delirium are two common geriatric syndromes sharing several clinical characteristics, risk factors, and negative outcomes. Understanding their interdependency is crucial to identify shared mechanisms and implement initiatives to reduce the associated burden. This literature review summarizes scientific evidence on the complex interplay between frailty and delirium; clinical, epidemiological, and pathophysiological commonalities; and current knowledge gaps. We conducted a PubMed systematic search in June 2023, which yielded 118 eligible articles out of 991. The synthesis of the results—carried out by content experts—highlights overlapping risk factors, clinical phenotypes, and outcomes and explores the influence of one syndrome on the onset of the other. Common pathophysiological mechanisms identified include inflammation, neurodegeneration, metabolic insufficiency, and vascular burden. The review suggests that frailty is a risk factor for delirium, with some support for delirium associated with accelerated frailty. The proposed unifying framework supports the integration and measurement of both constructs in research and clinical practice, identifying the geroscience approach as a potential avenue to develop strategies for both conditions. In conclusion, we suggest that frailty and delirium might be alternative—sometimes coexisting—manifestations of accelerated biological aging. Clinically, the concepts addressed in this review can help approach older adults with either frailty or delirium from a different perspective. From a research standpoint, longitudinal studies are needed to explore the hypothesis that specific pathways within the biology of aging may underlie the clinical manifestations of frailty and delirium. Such research will pave the way for future understanding of other geriatric syndromes as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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35. The effect of social relationships on cognitive decline in older adults: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies

Author

Matteo Piolatto, Federico Bianchi, Matteo Rota, Alessandra Marengoni, Aliakbar Akbaritabar, and Flaminio Squazzoni

Subjects
Social relationships, Cognitive decline, Social networks, Systematic review, Meta-analysis, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background A previous meta-analysis (Kuiper et al., 2016) has shown that multiple aspects of social relationships are associated with cognitive decline in older adults. Yet, results indicated possible bias in estimations of statistical effects due to the heterogeneity of study design and measurements. We have updated this meta-analysis adding all relevant publications from 2012 to 2020 and performed a cumulative meta-analysis to map the evolution of this growing field of research (+80% of studies from 2012-2020 compared to the period considered in the previous meta-analysis). Methods Scopus and Web of Science were searched for longitudinal cohort studies examining structural, functional and combined effects of social relationships. We combined Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using random effects meta-analysis and assessed sources of heterogeneity and the likelihood of publication bias. The risk of bias was evaluated with the Quality of Prognosis Studies in Systematic Reviews (QUIPS) tool. Results The review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42019130667). We identified 34 new articles published in 2012-2020. Poor social relationships were associated with cognitive decline with increasing precision of estimates compared to previously reviewed studies [(for structural, 17 articles, OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.08; 1.14) (for functional, 16 articles, OR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.05; 1.20) (for combined, 5 articles, OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.06; 1.24)]. Meta-regression, risk and subgroup analyses showed that the precision of estimations improved in recent studies mostly due to increased sample sizes. Conclusions Our cumulative meta-analysis would confirm that multiple aspects of social relationships are associated with cognitive decline. Yet, there is still evidence of publication bias and relevant information on study design is often missing, which could lead to an over-estimation of their statistical effects.

Published
2022
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38. ELSMOR European Project: Experimental Results on an Innovative Decay Heat Removal System Based on a Plate-Type Heat Exchanger

Author

Roberta Ferri, Andrea Achilli, Cinzia Congiu, Stefano Marcianò, Stefano Gandolfi, Mattia Marengoni, Alberto Bersani, and Alessandro Passerin D’Entreves

Subjects
Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

This paper summarises the results of an experimental campaign carried out at SIET on the ELSMOR facility built in 2022 to validate a decay heat removal system for the E-SMR. Based on the passive mechanisms of natural circulation, the system aims to dissipate the reactor decay heat to a water pool, using two heat exchangers: a plate-type one coupling the primary side to the secondary side, and a vertical tube one coupling the secondary side to the water pool. Such a system is considered to be the most effective passive system, capable of safely managing the SMR accident and accidental situations, and achieving long-term decay heat removal without the need for electricity or external inputs. A description of the primary and secondary loops of the plant is given, together with the installed instrumentation and data acquisition system. In addition, the paper summarises the tests performed in terms of test procedures, test type and associated objectives, test matrix, test results, achievements, and open issues.

Published
2023
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42. Feature Selection for Edge Detection in PolSAR Images

Author

Anderson A. De Borba, Arnab Muhuri, Mauricio Marengoni, and Alejandro C. Frery

Subjects
edge detection, PolSAR imagery, fusion information, feature selection, Science
Abstract

Edge detection is one of the most critical operations for moving from data to information. Finding edges between objects is relevant for image understanding, classification, segmentation, and change detection, among other applications. The Gambini Algorithm is a good choice for finding evidence of edges. It finds the point at which a function of the difference of properties is maximized. This algorithm is very general and accepts many types of objective functions. We use an objective function built with likelihoods. Imaging with active microwave sensors has a revolutionary role in remote sensing. This technology has the potential to provide high-resolution images regardless of the Sun’s illumination and almost independently of the atmospheric conditions. Images from PolSAR sensors are sensitive to the target’s dielectric properties and structures in several polarization states of the electromagnetic waves. Edge detection in polarimetric synthetic-aperture radar (PolSAR) imagery is challenging because of the low signal-to-noise ratio and the data format (complex matrices). There are several known marginal models stemming from the complex Wishart model for the full complex format. Each of these models renders a different likelihood. This work generalizes previous studies by incorporating the ratio of intensities as evidence for edge detection. We discuss solutions for the often challenging problem of parameter estimation. We propose a technique which rejects edge estimates built with thin evidence. Using this idea of discarding potentially irrelevant evidence, we propose a technique for fusing edge pieces of evidence from different channels that only incorporate those likely to contribute positively. We use this approach for both edge and change detection in single- and multilook images from three different sensors.

Published
2023
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48. Understanding Factors Associated With Psychomotor Subtypes of Delirium in Older Inpatients With Dementia

Author

Rispoli, Vincenzo, Malara, Alba, Spadea, Fausto, Di Cello, Serena, Ceravolo, Francesco, Fabiano, Francesco, Chiaradia, Giuseppe, Gabriele, Amedeo, Lenino, Peluso, Andrea, Taristano, Settembrini, Vincenzo, Capomolla, Domenico, Citrino, Antonella, Scriva, Antonietta, Bruno, Irene, Secchi, Roberto, De Martino, Eugenio, Muccinelli, Roberto, Lupi, Gerardo, Paonessa, Patrizio, Fabbri, Andrea, Passuti, Maria Teresa, Castellari, Sofia, Po, Andrea, Gaggioli, Guido, Varesi, Massimo, Moneti, Paolo, Capurso, Sebastiano, Latini, Vincenzo, Ghidotti, Stefano, Riccardelli, Francesco, Macchi, Maurizio, Rigo, Rosaria, Claudio, Pascale, Angelo, Bosio, Flavio, Cerrato, Benedetta, Bardelli, Boffelli, Stefano, Cassinadri, Angela, Franzoni, Simone, Spazzini, Elena, Andretto, Daniela, Tonini, Gabriele, Andreani, Laura, Coralli, Mirco, Balotta, Antonio, Cancelliere, Roberto, Ballardini, Giorgio, Simoncelli, Margherita, Mancini, Annarita, Strazzacapa, Mara, Fabio, Stefano, De Filippi, Francesco, Giudice, Chiara, Dentizzi, Cosimo, Azzini, Margherita, Cazzadori, Marco, Mastroeni, Valeria, Bertassello, Paolo, Claudia Benati, Helena Santana, Nesta, Elisa, Tobaldini, Chiara, Guerini, Fabio, Elena, Tambara, Mombelloni, Paolo, Fontanini, Fulvio, Gabriella, Lassa, Pizzorni, Crosio, Oliverio, Martina, Del Grosso, Luciano Luca, Giavedoni, Cristina, Bidoli, Giuliano, Mazzei, Bruno, Corsonello, Andrea, Fusco, Sergio, Vena, Silvio, De Vuono, Tommaso, Maiuri, Giorgio, Luca, Fimognari Filippo, Andrea, Arone, Giovanni, Sgrò, Rossella, Nicolazzo, Castegnaro, Eugenio, De Rosa, Salvatore, Sechi, Rossella Bazzano, Benvenuti, Enrico, Del Lungo, Ilaria, Giardini, Sante, Giulietti, Chiara, Mauro, Di Bari, Eleonora, Barghini, Martina, Paoli, Irene, Fiordelli, Riccardo, Barucci, Federica, Sgrilli, Ilaria, Del Lungo, Bertoletti, Erik, D'Amico, Ferdinando, Caronzolo, Francesco, Grippa, Alessandro, Lombardo, Giuseppina, Pipicella, Tiziana, Antonino, Saitta, Francesco, Corica, Valeria, Prestipino Giarritta, Daniela, Larosa, Domenico, Cucinotta, Giorgio, Basile, March, Albert, Nitti, Maria Teresa, Felici, Alessandro, Pavan, Silvia, Piazzani, Fabrizio, Lunelli, Alessandra, Dimori, Sergio, Margotta, Alessandro, Soglia, Tiziano, Postacchini, Demetrio, Brunelli, Roberto, Santini, Silvia, Francavilla, Monia, Macchiati, Ilenia, Sorvillo, Francesca, Giuli, Cinzia, Mecocci, Patrizia, Longo, Annalisa, Perticone, Francesco, Addesi, Desireè, Rosa, Paola Cerra, Bencardino, Giuseppe, Falbo, Tania, Grillo, Nadia, Marco, Filice, Mirella, Flippo, Fantò, Fausto, Isaia, Gianluca, Pezzilli, Stella, Bergamo, Daniele, Furno, Elisabetta, Rrodhe, Sokol, Lucarini, Simonetta, Dijk, Babette, Dall'Acqua, Francesca, Cappelletto, Francesco, Calvani, Donatella, Becheri, Dimitri, Giuseppe, Mottino, Costanza, Mitidieri, Vito, Antonio, Francesca, Bartalucci, Magherini, Lorenza, Novella, Malin, Franca, Boni, Lucia Gambardella, Paoli Martina, Valente, Carlo, Ilaria, Bracali, Alice, Foschini, Bo, Mario, Porrino, Paola, Ceci, Giacomo, Giuliana, Bottignole, Michela, Tibaldi, Eleonora, Coppo, Ettore, Evaristo, Camellini, Cinzia, Servello, Adriana, Grassi, Alessandro, Rozzini, Renzo, Tironi, Sara, Grassi, Maria Grazia, Troisi, Elio, Carlo, Caltagirone, Simona Gabriella, Di Santo, Flaminia, Franchini, Federica, Ratto, Beatrice, Pavoni, Sofia, Toniolo, Gabutto, Anna, Quazzo, Loredana, Rosatello, Annalisa, Suraci, Domenico, Tagliabue, Benedetta, Perrone, Chiara, Ferrara, Lucia, Castagna, Alberto, Tremolada, Maria Luisa, Giuseppe, Castoldi, Stefano, Barbero, Davide, Oltramonti, Piano, Simonetta, Serviddio, Gaetano, Lo Buglio, Aurelio, Gurrera, Tiziana, Merlo, Valeria, Rovai, Carla, Cotroneo, Antonino Maria, Carlucci, Rosaria, Abbaldo, Anna, Monzani, Fabio, Qasem, Ahmad Amedeo, Bini, Giacomo, Tafuto, Silvia, Galli, Giovanni, Bruni, Amalia Cecilia, Mancuso, Giovanna, Mancuso, Gerardo, Calipari, Daniela, Giuseppe Massimiliano, De Luca, Bernardini, Bruno, Corsini, Carla, Michele, Ciccarelli, Sara, Dal Farra, Cagnin, Annachiara, Fragiacomo, Federica, Pompanin, Sara, Piero, Amodio, Marco, Cagnin, Zurlo, Amedeo, Guerra, Gianluca, Pala, Marco, Menozzi, Luca, Gatti, Chiara Delli, Magon, Stefania, Roberto, Manfredini, Alfredo, De Giorgi, Fabio, Fabbian, Ruana, Tiseo, Elisa, Misurati, Benedetta, Boari, Christian, Molino, Marco, Pala, Massimo, Gallerani, Di Francesco, Vincenzo, Faccioli, Silvia, Pellizzari, Luca, Giorgia, Fontana, Barbagallo, Giuseppe, Lunardelli, Maria Lia, Martini, Emilio, Ferrari, Eleonora, Macchiarulo, Maria, Corneli, Maria, Bacci, Monica, Battaglia, Giuseppe, Anastasio, Luigi, Lo Storto, Mario Sostene, Seresin, Chiara, Simonato, Matteo, Loreggian, Michele, Cestonaro, Fausta, Durando, Mario, Latella, Raffaele, Mazzoleni, Marta, Russo, Giuseppe, Ponte, Martino, Valchera, Alessandro, Salustri, Giuseppe, Petritola, Donatella, Costa, Alfredo, Sinforiani, Elena, Cotta, Matteo Ramusino, Pizio, Renato Nicola, Cester, Alberto, Formilan, Marino, Pietro, Bonometto, Carbone, Pasqualina, Cazzaniga, Ilaria, Appollonio, Ildebrando, Cereda, Diletta, Stabile, Andrea, Xhani, Rubjona, Acampora, Roberto, Tremolizzo, Lucio, Federico, Pieruzzi, Antonio, Ciaccio, Valerio, Pontecorvi, Cesare, Burti, Zhirajr, Mokini, Giovanni, Vitale, Maria, Amigoni, Mariaelena, Sparacino, Bottacchi, Edo, Bucciantini, Elisabetta, Di Giovanni, Marco, Franchi, Fabrizio, Lucchetti, Lucio, Mariani, Claudio, Grande, Giulia, Rapazzini, Piero, Marco, Mauri, Romanelli, Giuseppe, Marengoni, Alessandra, Franco, Nicosia, Alessio, Margola, Stefano, Bonardelli, Nicola, Latronico, Laura, Porcella, Nazario, Portolani, Carlo, Concoreggi, Chiara, Grassini, Soccorso, Pronto, Andrea, Salvi, Luca, Bianchetti, Francesca, Spagnoli, Roberto, Apuzzo, Marco, Fontanella, Anna, Ceraso, Francesco, Castelli, Fugazza, Luciano, Guerrini, Chiara, De Paduanis, Giovanna, Iallonardo, Lucia, Palumbo, Pasquale, Zuliani, Giovanni, Ortolani, Beatrice, Capatti, Eleonora, Soavi, Cecilia, Bianchi, Lara, Francesconi, Daniela, Miselli, Agata, Gloria, Brombo, Tommaso, Romagnoli, Chiara, Pazzaglini, Agata, Miselli Maria, Marco, Dall'Agata, Luca, Menozzi, Gianluca, Guerra, Suardi, Teresa, Mazzone, Andrea, Zaccarini, Cinzia, Manuela, Riva, Mirra, Gianluca, Muti, Ettore, Bottura, Renato, Gianpaolo, Moretti, Secreto, Piero, Bisio, Erika, Cecchettani, Marco, Naldi, Tamara, Pallavicino, Alessandra, Pugliese, Michela, Iozzo, Rosaria Cosima, Grassi, Guido, Michele, Bombelli, Raffaella, Dell'Oro, Fosca, Quarti Trevano, Giorgio, Giussani Carlo, Giovanni, Paternò, Ernesto, Contro, Mannironi, Antonio, Giorli, Elisa, Oberti, Sara, Fierro, Brigida, Piccoli, Tommaso, Giacalone, Fabio, Mandas, Antonella, Serchisu, Luca, Costaggiu, Diego, Pinna, Elisa, Orrù, Francesca, Mannai, Martina, Cordioli, Zeno, Pelizzari, Luca, Turcato, Emanuela, Arduini, Pietro, Cacace, Carlo, Chiloiro, Roberta, Cimino, Rosella, Ruberto, Carmen, Giovanni, Ruotolo, Pietro, Gareri, Laura, Greco, Alberto, Castagna, Carmen, Ruberto, Santo, Pierluigi Dal, Andriolli, Antonino, Burattin, Giuseppe, Rossi, Laura, Andreolli Antonino, Cervati Giovanna, Giuseppe, Catalano, Tezza, Fabiana, Maddalena, Pizzardini, Laura, Stievano, Crippa, Patrizia, Aloisio, Paola, Di Monda, Tiziana, Malighetti, Alessandro, Galbassini, Gloria, Salutis, Domus, Ivaldi, Claudio, Russo, Anna Maria, Bennati, Ettore, Pino, Elisabetta, Zavarise, Gianmaria, Pesci, Alberto, Suigo, Giulia, Faverio, Paola, Andrea, Gori, Sabrina, Perego, Zanasi, Massimo, Moniello, Giovanni, Rostagno, Carlo, Cartei, Alessandro, Polidori, Gianluca, Ungar, Andrea, Melis, Maria Ramona, Martellini, Eleonora, Enrico, Mossello, Monica, Torrini, Antonella, Giordano, Giovanna, Leone, Migliorini, Marta, Caramelli, Francesca, Battiston, Bruno, Berardino, Maurizio, Cavallo, Simona, Alessandro, Massè, Anna, Santoro, Lombardi, Bruna, D'Ippolito, Pierpaolo, Furini, Angela, Villani, Daniele, Clara, Raimondi, Guarneri, Massimo, Paolucci, Stefano, Bassi, Andrea, Coiro, Paola, De Angelis, Domenico, Morone, Giovanni, Venturiero, Vincenzo, Palleschi, Lorenzo, Raganato, Paolo, Di Niro, Giuseppina, Rosa, Casini Anna, Loredana, Bove, Imoscopi, Alessandra, Isaia, Giancarlo, Tibaldi, V., Bottignole G, G., Calvi, E., Clementi, C., Zanocchi, M., Agosta, L., Nortarelli, Antonella, Provenzano, Giuseppe, Mari, Daniela, Romano, Federica Ylenia, Rosini, Francesca, Mansi, Marta, Rossi, Silvia, Geriatria, Alex Riccardelli, Inzaghi, Lorenzo, Bonini, Giulia, Rossi, Paolo, Potena, Alfredo, Lichii, Mihaela, Candiani, Tiziana, Grimaldi, William, Bertani, Emiliano, Alessandra, Porta, Calogero, Pietro, Pinto, Daniela, Bernardi, Roberto, Nicolino, Francesco, Galetti, Caterina, Gianstefani, Alice, Giulia, Corvalli, Lorenzo, Mulazzani, Odetti, Patrizio, Monacelli, Fiammetta, Prefumo, Matteo, Fiammetta, Monacelli, Canepa, Marta, Minaglia, Cecilia, Paolisso, Giuseppe, Rizzo, Maria Rosaria, Prestano, Raffaele, Dalise, Anna Maria, Barra, Davide, Bosco, Livio Dal, Asprinio, Vincenzo, Dallape, Luciana, Perina, Elisa, Incalzi, Raffaele Antonelli, Bartoli, Isaura Rossi, Pluderi, Alice, Maina, Antonella, Pecoraro, Elisabetta, Sciarra, Michela, Prudente, Angela, Paola, Maina, Francesca, Mete, Manuel, Ventura, Luisella, Cesari, Maria, Pernigotti Luigi, Tina, Santangelo, Benini, Lucia, Levato, Francesco, Mhiuta, Victor, Alius, Florin, Davidoaia, Diana, Giardini, Vittorio, Garancini, Mattia, Bellamoli, Claudio, Terranova, Luciano, Bozzini, Claudia, Tosoni, Paolo, Provoli, Emma, Cascone, Luisa, Dioli, Andrea, Ferrarin, Gianfranco, Bucci, Adelmo, Bua, Guido, Fenu, Sara, Bianchi, Giovanna, Casella, Silvia, Romano, Valentina, Maurizio, Poli, Mascherona, Ilenia, Belotti, Gloria, Cavaliere, Sabina, Cuni, Estella, Merciuc, Nina, Oberti, Rosella, Veneziani, Silvia, Capoferri, Emanuela, De Bernardi, Elisabetta, Colombo, Katia, Bravi, Marco, Nicoletta, Negrinotti, D'Arcangelo, Paolo, Montenegro, Nicola, Montanari, Roberto, Lamanna, Pierpaolo, Gasperini, Beatrice, Isabella, Montesi, Stefania, Diotallevi, Gaia, Altobelli, Filippo, Calcinaro, Palamà, Chiara, Di Emidio, Chiara, Scarpini, Elio, Arighi, Andrea, Fumagalli, Giorgio, Basilico, Paola, De Amicis Margherita, Migone, Marta, Mancarella, Diletta, Maira, Granata, Antonino, Ranalli, Claudia, Cammilli, Alessandra, Cavallini, Maria Chiara, Tricca, Manola, Natella, Daniela, Gabbani, Luciano, Tesi, Francesca, Martella, Letizia, Imbrici, Rosalba, Guerrini, Gianbattista, Scotuzzi, Anna Maria, Sozzi, Ferdinando, Valenti, Luigi, Chiarello, Antonino, Monia, Monella, Pilotto, Alberto, Prete, Camilla, Senesi, Barbara, Meta, Anna Cristina, Pendenza, Enrico, Pasqualetti, Giuseppe, Polini, Antonio, Tognini, Sara, Ballino, Elena, Cherubini, Antonio, Dell'Aquila, Giuseppina, Gasparrini, Pina Maria, Marotti, Elisabetta, Migale, Monica, Scrimieri, Antonia, Falsetti, Lorenzo, Salvi, Aldo, Toigo, Gabriele, Ceschia, Giuliano, Rosso, Alessia, Tongiorgi, Chiara, Scarpa, Cristina, Maurizio, Pacchioni, De Dominicis, Luigino, Pucci, Eugenio, Renzi, Sara, Cartechini, Elisabetta, Tomassini, Pia Francesca, Del Gobbo, Maurizio, Ugenti, Francesca, Romeo, Pasquale, Nardelli, Anna, Lauretani, Fulvio, Visioli, Sandra, Montanari, Ilaria, Ermini, Francesca, Giordano, Antonio, Pigato, Giorgio, Simeone, Emilio, Barbujani, Mario, Giampieri, Marina, Amoruso, Raffaele, Piccinini, Maristella, Ferrari, Camilla, Gambetti, Claudio, Sfrappini, Mario, Semeraro, Letizia, Striuli, Rinaldo, Mariani, Claudia, Pelliccioni, Giuseppe, Marinelli, Donatella, Fabi, Katia, Rossi, Tommaso, Pesallaccia, Martina, Sabbatini, Debora, Gobbi, Beatrice, Cerqua, Raffaella, Tagliani, Giancarla, Schlauser, Elena, Caser, Luciano, Caramello, Elisa, Sandigliano, Franca, Rosso, Giorgio, Ferrari, Alberto, Bendini, Chiara, Luisa, Davoli Maria, Casella, Monica, Prampolini, Raffaella, Scevola, Moreno, Vitale, Enrico, Roberto, Brugiolo, Carlo, Fagherazzi, Sergio, Fusco, Alberto, Scarpa, Daniela, Zara, Giulia, Bertozzo, Serena, Granziera, Michele, Barazzuol, Maugeri, Domenico, Sorace, Rosaria, Anzaldi, Massimiliano, De Gesu, Roberto, Morrone, Giuseppe, Davolio, Federica, Fabbo, Andrea, Palmieri, Marina, Zoli, Marco, Forti, Paola, Pirazzoli, Luca, Fabbri, Elisa, Terenzi, Laura, Bergolari, Federica, Wenter, Christian, Ruffini, Ingrid, Insam, Miriam, Abraham, Elisabeth, Kirchlechner, Christine, Cucinotta, Domenico, Antonino, Lasco, Basile, Giorgio, Grazia, Arena Maria, Parise, Pasquale, Boccali, Andrea, Amici, Serena, Gambacorta, Maurizia, Lasagni, Anna, Lovati, Roberto, Giovinazzo, Francesca, Kimak, Elzbieta, Zappa, Paolo, Medici, Francesco, Lo Castro, Marika, Mauro, Flavia, De Luca, Alessandro, Sancesario, Giuseppe, Martorana, Alessandro, Scaricamazza, Beatrice, Toniolo, Sofia, Di Lorenzo, Francesco, Liguori, Claudio, Lasco, Antonino, Vita, Natale, Giomi, Mirna, Forte, Floriana, Padovani, Alessandro, Rozzini, Luca, Ceraso, Anna, Salvatore, Caratozzolo, Cottino, Maria, Vitali, Silvia, Marelli, Eleonora, Tripi, Gabriele, Miceli, Salvatore, Urso, Giovanni, Grioni, Giuseppe, Vezzadini, Giuliana, Misaggi, Giulia, Forlani, Chiara, Avanzi, Stefano, Serena, Saulle, Claudia, Casarini, Marilena, Viggiano, Alberto, Luisa, Diego, Ghianda, Alessandro, Giordano, Iemolo, Francesco, Giordano, Antonello, Sanzaro, Enzo, D'Asta, Gabriele, Proietto, Maria, Carnemolla, Anna, Razza, Grazia, Spadaro, Daniela, Bertolotti, Marco, Mussi, Chiara, Neviani, Francesca, Roberto, Chiesa, Valentina, Guerzoni, Linda, Morselli, Francesca, Venturelli, Tarozzi, Adriano, Balestri, Francesca, Mannarino, Giulio, Bigolari, Michela, Natale, Alessia, Grassi, Simona, Bottaro, Cinzia, Stefanelli, Sara, Bovone, Ugo, Tortorolo, Umberto, Quadri, Roberto, Leone, Giuseppe, Ponzetto, Maria, Frasson, Paola, Annoni, Giorgio, Bellelli, Giuseppe, Bruni, Adriana, Confalonieri, Roberto, Corsi, Maurizio, Moretti, Daniela, Teruzzi, Fabiola, Umidi, Simona, Mazzola, Paolo, Perego, Sabrina, Persico, Ilaria, Olivieri, Giulia, Bonfanti, Alessandra, Hajnalka, Szabò, Galeazzi, Marianna, Massariello, Francesca, Anzuini, Alessandra, Caffarra, Paolo, Barocco, Federica, Spallazzi, Marco, Paolo, Ceda Gian, Simonetta, Morganti, Andrea, Artoni, Chioatto, Paolo, Bortolamei, Sandra, Soattin, Lucia, Ruotolo, Giovanni, Beneamino, Borelli, Giuseppe, Barilaro, Bertazzoli, Marco, Rota, Elisabetta, Adobati, Annamaria, Scarpa, Alberto, Granziera, Serena, Zuccher, Paola, Fabbro, Angela Dal, Zara, Daniela, Lo Nigro, Ambra, Franchetti, Lorena, Toniolo, Marika, Marcuzzo, Cinzia, Rollone, Marco, Guerriero, Fabio, Sgarlata, Carmelo, Massè, Alessandro, Zatti, Giovanni, Piatti, Massimiliano, Graci, Jole, Benati, Giuseppe, Boschi, Federica, Biondi, Mario, Fiumi, Nicoletta, Erika, Tamburini, Locatelli, Sergio Mario, Mauri, Sabrina, Beretta, Mauro, Margheritis, Laura, Desideri, Giovanbattista, Liberatore, Ester, Carucci, Anna Cecilia, Bonino, Paolo, Caput, Margherita, Antonietti, Maria Paola, Polistena, Giuseppe, De la Pierre, Franz, Mari, Marcello, Massignani, Paola, Tombesi, Fabio, Selvaggio, Fabio, Verbo, Brunella, Bodoni, Paolo, Marchionni, Niccolò, Mossello, Enrico, Sabatini, Tony, Mussio, Eleonora, Magni, Eugenio, Bianchetti, Angelo, Crucitti, Andrea, Titoldini, Giulia, Cossu, Beatrice, Fascendini, Sara, Licini, Cristina, Tomasoni, Angela, Calderazzo, Massimo, Daniela, Tropiano, Valentina, Laganà, Melotti, Rita Maria, Lilli, Albina, Buda, Simona, Adversi, Marco, Noro, Gabriele, Turco, Renato, Ubezio, M Chiara, Mantovani, Anna Roberta, Viola, Maria Cristina, Serrati, Carlo, Pretta, Stefano, Infante, Maria, Gentile, Simona, Morandi, Alessandro, D'Ambrosio, Viviana, Mazzanti, Paolo, Brambilla, Cristina, Sportelli, Silvia, Platto, Caterina, Faraci, Bianca, Quattrocchi, Daniela, Pernigotti, Luigi Maria, Pisu, Cristina, Sicuro, Francesca, Zagnoni, Piergiuseppe, Ghiglia, Stefania, Mosca, Massimiliano, Corazzin, Ileana, Deola, Mariangela, Biagini, Carlo Adriano, Bencini, Francesca, Cantini, Claudia, Tonon, Elisabetta, Pierinelli, Silvia, Onofrj, Marco, Thomas, Astrid, Filomena, Borbone, Bonanni, Laura, Gabriella, Cacchiò, Comi, Giancarlo, Magnani, Giuseppe, Santangelo, Roberto, Mazzeo, Salvatore, Giuseppe, Magnani, Francesca, Caso, Giordano, Cecchetti, Roberto, Sant'Angelo, Barbieri, Cristina, Giroldi, Liviana, Bandini, Fabio, Masina, Marco, Malservisi, Simona, Cicognani, Annalena, Ricca, Laura, Piccininni, Maristella, Tassinari, Tiziana, Brogi, Davide, Sugo, Annalisa, Alessandra, Filippi, Sonia, Manfredi, Valerio, Vanni, Andrea, Usai Carlo, Enrico, Colombo, Vera, Renna Francesca, Assunta, Sauchella, Gianmaria, Zavarise, Mauro, Prete, Pietro, Bisagni, Roberto, Masini, Salvatore, Carrabetta, Barone, Antonella, Razzano, Monica, Giuseppe, Imperoli, Angela, Bini, Francesco, Serra, Valeria, D'Agostino, Federico, Gianolla, Lucia, Pietrangeli, Antonella, Velardi, Elisabetta, Di Cello, Cristina, Rosati, Nadia, Casali, Maria, Sessa, Luciano, Abruzzi, Chiara, Costanzi, Bini, Paolo, Pignata, Michele, Enrico, Buonagurio, Maria, Vollery, Giovanni, Carrieri, Giorgio, Cioni, Andrea, Toschi, Marco, Metra, Piera, Ranieri, Alberto, Zucchelli, Ceccon, Anna, Magrin, Laura, Marin, Sara, Barbara, Sofia, Marco, Masina, Laura, Ghedini, Matteo, Moroni, Marco, Paragona, Caterina, Pallotti Maria, Carla, Rota, Federica, Gottardi, Clara, Tomasoni, Melania, Cappuccio, Giampaolo, Bonini, Stefano, Guerini, Valeria, Guerini, Lucia, Merla, Giovambattista, Desideri, Ester, Liberatore, Cecilia, Carucci Anna, Maurizio, Tovaglieri, Vera, Renna Frandesca, Nadia, Bongiorni, Grillo, Antonio, Arenare, Francesca, Tonino, Mineo, David, Kanah, Giorgio, Vianello Piero, Ubaldo, Balducci, Vincenzo, Sidoti, Stefano, Montanari, Marino, Formilan, Busonera Flavio, Murelli Teodolindo, Paolo, Albanese, Monica, Maselli, Francesco, Bolzetta, Roberto, Fabris, Paolo, Bonino, DuranteMangoni, Emanuele, Testoni, Michela, Fabio, Di Stefano, Loredana, Seccia, Valeria, Sonzini, Fabiano, Maria, Annabella, Di Giorgio, Salvatore, De Cosmo, Greco, Antonio, Grazia, D'Onofrio, Daniele, Sancarlo, Gianluca, Resta, Renzo, Girardello, Sergio, Minervini, Morena, Boni, Vitali, Mariagrazia, Marina, Pizzoni, Paolo, De Colle, Cristina, Scarpa, Alessandra, Frattola, Orlandini, Francesco, La Regina, Micaela, Desirée, Addesi, Mirella, Filippo, Mario, Bo, Paola, Porrino, Padulo, Filomena, Cristina, Margheriti, Dario, Rolano, Giancarla, Moscatelli, Guido, Radaelli, Elena, Montini, Prete, Cosimo, Marileda, Novello, Igor, Bramuzzo, Nicole, Bertin, Elena, Rinaldo, Paolillo, Ciro, Riccardi, Angela, Claudia, Benedetti, Barbara, Rizzi, Francesca, Montagna, Silvia, Vitali, Chiara, Cutaia, Oliver, Baca, Mauro, Colombo, Eleonora, Marelli, Giuseppe, Procino, Rosaria, Tararà, Maria, Cottino, Davide, Dell'Acqua, Stefania, Cislaghi, Marco, Cairati, Massimo, Porta, Luca, Scaglione, Martina, De Feo, Paola, Vertolli, Lia, Salvati, Sandro, Cinotti, Valentina, De Santis, Erminia, Biferi, Paola, Cheli, Romina, Rebizzo, Minisola, Salvatore, Luciano, Colangelo, Pasquale, Abete, Ilaria, Liguori, Francesca, Curcio, Guglielmo, Spassini, Marco, Engheben, Sara, Rotunno, Paola, Arosio, Claudio, Angelini, Francesco, Reggiani, Alessandro, Cappelli, Simona, Marcheselli, Lara, Fratticci, Paola, Ranzani, Simonetta, Cesarini, Antonella, Cerini, Generoso, Uomo, Fernando, Gallucci, Giuliano, Ceschia, Emanuela, Serra, Mariolina, Sola, Alessandro, Delitala, Chiara, Pes, Giulia, Lobianco, Alessandro, Giani, Famularo, Simone, Sandini, Marta, Pinotti, Enrico, Gianotti, Luca, Antonella, Battuello, Giulia, Pintore, Sante, Giardini, Rossi, Andrea, Rubele, Sofia, Sant, Selena, Marco, Vignati, Danila, Clerici, Fabio, Rosa, Bandirali, Maria Pia, Nicoletta, Cattaneo, Laura, Boffi, Paolo, Tosoni, Luciano, Terranova, Leonello, Avalli, Margherita, Scanziani, Stefania, De Notaris, Pierluigi, Del Santo, Laura, Rossi, Fabiana, Tezza, Giovanna, Cervati, Antonino, Andreolli, Felice, Catalano, Giuseppe, Burattin, Danilo, Fogli, Giovanna, Di Bella, Francesco, Landi, Salini, Sara, Angela, Brunetti Maria, Giorgetta, Cappa, Giovanni, Galvagno, Paola, Cena, Gerardo, Bruno, Silvio, Raspo, Letizia, Semeraro, Sabrina, Pedrotti, Davide, Barra, Rosaria, Rizzo Maria, Maria, Dalise Anna, Raffaele, Prestano, Palmieri, Vincenzo Ostilio, Palasciano, Giuseppe, Belfiore, Anna, Portincasa, Piero, Carlo, Sabbà, Vincenzo, Solfrizzi, Alessia, D'introno, Valiani, Vincenzo, Carolina, Bologna, Tiziana, Ciarambino, Paola, Turelli, Ugo, Pazzaglia, Federica, Rodella, Giacomo, Piana, Castellano, Maurizio, Anna, Garelli, Elisa, Casella, Federica, Campana, Antonietta, Coschignano Maria, Luigi, Marinangeli, Fabio, Lorico, Salvatore, Bazzano, Giuseppe, Menculini, Gelosa, Giorgio, Viviana, Ambrogio Teresa, Piras, Valentina, Andrea, Ciricugno, Alessandra, Bollari, Coen, Daniele, Magliola, Renata, Milanesio, Deborah, Muzzulini, Carlo Lorenzo, Paolo, Fogliacco, Marinella, Turla, Sofia, Cotelli Maria, Marta, Bianchi, Siano, Pietro, Capo, Giuseppe, Napoletano, Rosa, Cecilia, Politi, Mancini, Concetta, Del Buono, Corrado, De Bartolomeo, Giuseppe, Addolorata, Martinelli, Carmen, Cefalogli, Roberto, Cozzi, Giovanni, Virtuani Angelo, Moschettini, Gianfilippo, Franco, Mastroianni, Daniela, Roglia, D'Amico, Gabriella, Mirella, Palella, Endrizzi, Cristina, Trotta, Lucia, Ciarambino, Tiziana, Orazio, Zanetti, Emanuela, Terazzi, Marta, Sacchetti, Thomas, Fleetwood, Giacomo, Tondo, Ignazio, Di Fazio, Andrea, Bruni, Giuseppe, Orsitto, Emanuela, Fabbro, Serena, Amici, Elena, D'Imporzano, Anna, Casanova, Serena, Bertolio, Erika, Nervo, Roberto, Silvestri, Elena, Semproni, Manuela, Pintus, Francesca, Aloe, Angelo, Tagliaccica, Zambon, Antonella, and Di Santo, Simona G.

Published
2020
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50. Unraveling Shikimate Dehydrogenase Inhibition by 6-Nitroquinazoline-2,4-diol and its Impact on Soybean and Maize Growth

Author

Almeida, Aline Marengoni, primary, Abrahão, Josielle, additional, Seixas, Flavio Augusto Vicente, additional, Bueno, Paulo Sergio Alves, additional, Oliveira, Marco Aurélio Schüler de, additional, Tomazini, Larissa Fonseca, additional, Constantin, Rodrigo Polimeni, additional, dos Santos, Wanderley Dantas, additional, Marchiosi, Rogério, additional, and Ferrarese-Filho, Osvaldo, additional

Published
2024
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