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Abstract Thin polymeric films of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) containing variable mass fractions of nanoparticles (LiZnVO4) were successfully synthesized via the ordinary solution casting method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy were used to explore the role of LiZnVO4 on the structural and optical characteristics of synthesized nanocomposites. In addition, dielectric permittivity (ε' and ε") and dielectric modulus (M' and M") were investigated. The XRD spectral data reveals the crystalline nature of pure LiZnVO4 with rhombohedral structure with an average size of 83 nm calculated using the Scherrer’s equation and W-L plot. The interaction between PVDF and LiZnVO4 was approved through the shift in characteristics in some IR bands. The decrease in band gap energies with increasing LiZnVO4 was attributed to the change of density in the localized states within the PVDF matrix. The effect of both frequency and temperature on the AC parameters was also investigated. Both ε' and ε" had their maximum values at low frequencies and decreased as the frequency and temperature increased. The results from XRD and FT-IR were correlated with changes in the dielectric characteristics at the maximum level value of LiZnVO4, suggesting the potential of these materials as basic components for lithium-ion batteries.

Abstract Facile assembly, co-precipitation, and drop casting procedures have been used to construct SnO2/SrSnO3/Fe3O4/PVDF flexible nanocomposites. SnO2/SrSnO3/Fe3O4 nanocomposites (TSF NCs') have been successfully incorporated into polyvinylidene fluoride polymers (PF), according to the microstructural exploration of the systems, which was revealed by XRD, EDX, and ATR-FTIR analysis. The FESEM and cross-section areas demonstrated that the addition of TSF NCs' to PF porous material enhanced its surface characteristics and decreased its surface roughness. The optical gap was lowered from 3.90 to 3.07 eV, and it was discovered that both the refractive index and optical conductivity had improved when TSF NCs' were incorporated into PF. According to the observations, the supplement ratios have a profound influence on the dielectric properties of the nanocomposites. Moreover, the electrical parameters of TSF/PF nanocomposite are significantly modified. The TSF/PF magnetic nanocomposite has good magnetic reactivity and can be easily extracted from the aqueous solution using an external magnetic field, as demonstrated by VSM. This research has been conducted to obtain TSF/PF nanocomposites to be used in promising magno-optoelectronic applications.

Introduction Failed extubation is a challenge in the intensive care unit. It can cause increased morbidity, and mortality in addition to higher costs due to prolonged hospital stay. We aimed to determine the risk factors of failed extubation and predictors of weaning success among mechanically ventilated children. Material and Methods It was a prospective cohort study for children on mechan- ical ventilation for longer than 24 hrs where they were followed up for 48 hrs after extubation. Failed extubation is the need for tube reinsertion within 48 hrs post-extuba- tion. Demographic characteristics and mechanical venti- lation parameters were evaluated. Arterial blood gas val- ues and rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) were as- sessed on admission, before weaning from mechanical ventilation, and during weaning. Results Failed extubation was seen in 17.5% of pa- tients;53.9% of them were ≤one year and 26.9% were between one and five years while 19.2% were Anaesthesia and ICU, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut Univer- Keypoints Failed extubation is more common in young children, in patients with respiratory illness, and those receiving prolonged mechanical ventilation. ≥5 years. Of patients with a failed extubation, respir- atory illnesses were the principal cause of ventilation (50%) followed by cardiac surgery ventilated cases (23% each), neurological (15.4%), envenomation (7.7%), and lastly drug intoxication cases (3.8%). Duration of ventilation, PaCO2, and RSBI were sig- nificantly higher in cases with failed extubation than others. Body Weight, Glasgow Coma Scale, tidal volume, PaO2, and PaO2/FiO2 were significantly higher with extubation success. PaCO2 < 45 showed the highest sensitivity followed by RSBI, breaths/min/ml/kg

The study involved the description of the environmental characters and distribution of Anogramma leptophylla (Annual Maidenhair fern) in Erbil and Garmian districts during May- 2017 in Kurdistan of Iraq. The geographical distribution of the taxa was recorded in Bani Bee region for the first time within the Garmian district but it was recorded before in the Zar Gali region within the Erbil district. The climatic characters of the studied site in Erbil district were: moist, cold and the elevation was up to 560 m above sea level with sandy clay soil texture whereas in the Garmian district: dry, hot, and the elevation was only 330 m above sea level with sandy stone soil. Plant up to 13 cm long, megaphyllous, fronds compound 3-6 cm long, divided into alternate petiolate pinnae. In the present work, some ecological, morphological, and geographical distribution for A. leptophylla is described for the first time in the Iraqi Kurdistan region.

The present study aimed to assess the radiological hazards associated with applying the investigated granite in the building materials and the infrastructures applications. The investigated granites are classified into four categories: El-Urf, barren, colourful and opaque. El Urf monzogranite intrudes metagabbro diorite complex with sharp contacts. Based on the activity concentrations, the environmental parameters such as absorbed dose rate (Dair), annual effective dose (AED), radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external (Hex) and internal (Hin) hazard indices were measured. The mineralized pegmatite is located in the southwestern foothill of the Gabal El Urf younger granite. It displays well-defined zonation of three zones: outer, middle and inner zones represented by potash feldspar, quartz and mica, respectively. The isorad map showed that El Urf monzogranite is barren (Up to 100 cps) surrounding an excavation of the studied pegmatite that exhibits moderate colorful mineralization (phase-I = 500–1500 cps) and anomalous opaque mineralization (phase-II = 1500–3500 cps) pegmatites. The obtained results of radionuclides activity concentrations illustrated that the Opaque granites have the highest values of 238U (561 ± 127 Bq kg−1), 232Th (4289 ± 891 Bq kg−1) and 40K (3002 ± 446 Bq kg−1) in the granites, which are higher than the recommended worldwide average. Many of the radiological hazard parameters were lesser than the international limits in the younger granites and barren pegmatites. All of these parameters were higher in the colorful and opaque mineralized pegmatites. The high activity and the elevated radiological hazard parameters in the mineralized pegmatites are revised to the presence of radioactive and radioelements bearing minerals, such as thorite, meta-autunite, kasolite, phurcalite, columbite, fergusonite, Xenotime and fluorapatite. Other instances of mineralization were also recorded as cassiterite, atacamite, galena, pyrite and iron oxide minerals. Thus, the granites with high radioactivity concentration cannot be applied in the different applications of building materials and ornamental stones.

This exploratory case study employed deductive thematic analysis of coaching interactions of four coach-teacher dyads in primary school settings to explore the instructional coaches' use of the Partnership Learning principle of equality. Evidence of coaches' procedural knowledge (i.e. what coaches say and do) in relation to the principle of equality were collected through observations of the coach-teacher face-to-face coaching conferences and semi-structured interviews conducted with coaches and teachers, respectively. Findings revealed that the partnership learning principle of equality was practiced as rooted in the coaches' practices through: (a) desire to establish rapport; and (b) coaching without hierarchy. Conversely, exceptions in the practice of the equality principle were found to be manifested in the coaching interactions. This paper holds several implications that encourages coaching practitioners to reflect on their partnership with teachers and to embrace in procedural knowledge that nurtures equal and healthy coach-teacher partnership to allow teacher professional development to transpire.

Ability of some rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes to germinate and grow under submerged conditions where oxygen supply is limited provides an efficient mean for weed control in direct seeded rice. This study was conducted to screen 38 rice varieties to anaerobic germination (AG) tolerance and to identify the influence of hydro-priming on survival and physiological responses of germinated seeds. Seed paddy was sown on saturated soil and soil inundated with 10 cm of stagnant water (submerged) to estimate the survival scores at 21 days after seeding. Six varieties having high survival scores under submerged condition were selected and their seeds were hydro-primed for 24 hrs in the dark at room temperature (25 °C) and were sown in saturated and submerged (10 cm water level) conditions. Soluble sugars, starch and α-amylase of germinating seeds were extracted and a separate set was kept to count the survival score. Varieties including Bg 300, Bg 310 and At 308 had moderate level of tolerance to AG. Hydro-priming improved the survival of rice seeds to about 40%. The synthesis of soluble sugars, starch degradation and α-amylase activity increased by hydro-priming compared to non-primed seeds germinated under submerged condition. Survival rate correlated positively with soluble sugar (r = 0.74) and and α-amylase (r = 0.79) contents and negatively with starch content (r = -0.51) at p < 0.05. These results emphasized the importance of hydro-priming as a seed treatment to enhance anaerobic germination tolerance in rice.

Abstract This study was to determine whether extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from insulin-producing cells (IPCs) can modulate naïve mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to become insulin-secreting. MSCs were isolated from human adipose tissue. The cells were then differentiated to generate IPCs by achemical-based induction protocol. EVs were retrieved from the conditioned media of undifferentiated (naïve) MSCs (uneducated EVs) and from that of MSC-derived IPCs (educated EVs) by sequential ultracentrifugation. The obtained EVs were co-cultured with naïve MSCs.The cocultured cells were evaluated by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, C-peptide nanogold silver-enhanced immunostaining, relative gene expression and their response to a glucose challenge.Immunostaining for naïve MSCs cocultured with educated EVs was positive for insulin, C-peptide, and GAD65. By flow cytometry, the median percentages of insulin-andC-peptide-positive cells were 16.1% and 14.2% respectively. C-peptide nanogoldimmunostaining providedevidence for the intrinsic synthesis of C-peptide. These cells released increasing amounts of insulin and C-peptide in response to increasing glucose concentrations. Gene expression of relevant pancreatic endocrine genes, except for insulin, was modest. In contrast, the results of naïve MSCs co-cultured with uneducated exosomes were negative for insulin, C-peptide, and GAD65. These findings suggest that this approach may overcome the limitations of cell therapy.

Abstract The Middle East has witnessed a greater spread of infectious Dengue viruses, with serotype 2 (DENV-2) being the most prevalent form. Through this work, multi-epitope peptide vaccines against DENV-2 that target E and nonstructural (NS1) proteins were generated through an immunoinformatic approach. MHC class I and II and LBL epitopes among NS1 and envelope E proteins sequences were predicted and their antigenicity, toxicity, and allergenicity were investigated. Studies of the population coverage denoted the high prevalence of NS1 and envelope-E epitopes among different countries where DENV-2 endemic. Further, both the CTL and HTL epitopes retrieved from NS1 epitopes exhibited high conservancies’ percentages with other DENV serotypes (1, 3, and 4). Three vaccine constructs were created and the expected immune responses for the constructs were estimated using C-IMMSIM and HADDOCK (against TLR 2,3,4,5, and 7). Molecular dynamics simulation for vaccine construct 2 with TLR4 denoted high binding affinity and stability of the construct with the receptor which might foretell favorable in vivo interaction and immune responses.

The study focused on syenogranite and its altered variety, and specifically monitored the activities of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K using NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectroscopy. Syenogranites in the study area in Egypt were investigated to determine their potential use in industries such as ornamental stones and ceramics. The main outcrops in the study area consist of metasediments, metavolcanics, metagabbro, syn-to late-orogenic granites, and post-orogenic granites (syenogranites). There are also numerous dikes and veins of various shapes and compositions that have intruded and penetrated all the older rocks in the area. The mean activity (± standard deviation, SD) of these radioelements in the granites is 226Ra (63 ± 71 Bq kg−1), 232Th (76 ± 170 Bq kg−1), and 40K (1248 ± 532 Bq kg−1) were found to be greater than the world average. The radiological hazards are mostly attributed to the γ-rays emitted by granitic rocks. The granites studied in this study deviate from international standards mainly due to the presence of minerals containing radioelements such as zircon, allanite, monazite, sphene titanite, apatite, thorite, samarskite, fergusonite, xenotime, columbite, apatite and fluorite. As a result, granitic rocks are unsuitable for home building.

This study examines the complex relationships necessary for a sustainable economic recovery, focusing on the interplay between contracts for renewable energy, natural resource use, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and rights frameworks. Motivated by the increasing scrutiny of environmental practices, this research aims to highlight the need for sustainable business models during the transition to a more environmentally sensitive economy. The study area encompasses diverse sectors where CSR goals can be aligned with renewable energy project frameworks through natural resource utilization. Methodologies include a novel composite CSR evaluation indicator designed to complement industry rankings and a thorough analysis of CSR within the mining industry. Results demonstrate how aligning CSR with renewable energy initiatives can reshape profit models for stakeholders and emphasize the changing green product market as a catalyst for economic resurgence. Recommendations in the area of policies focus on the reasoned utilization of natural resources and the application of innovations following the principles of CSR. This research provides critical guidance to relevant authorities and institutions charged with ethical responsibility, ensuring the proper utilization and implementation of renewable energy sources to create a more ecological future based on green technology and sustainable resource management.

This paper represents an endeavor to review the advancements achieved in the topic of coupled radiation-free convection (CRFC) across various investigated models. Through detailed bibliometric analysis, the paper not only underscores the importance of CRFC publications but also highlights their frequency, signaling an increasing interest and significant contributions in this domain. The literature review is systematically structured, categorizing studies based on the types of cavities/enclosures with or without internal heating sources, thereby providing a comprehensive and structured overview of this field. It then delves into the crux of CRFC, giving the governing equations, assumptions, parameters, and variables, establishing a robust knowledge. Transitioning seamlessly to application, the paper explores simulated models, boundary conditions, and insightful result discussions. Notably, the proven influence of surface thermal radiation in enhancing free convection heat transfer throughout the reviewed studies underscores CRFC's transformative potential, paving the path for innovative advancements in thermal engineering systems.

A professional training or staff development endeavor is known as an in-service program. During these programs, professionals get training and have the opportunity to discuss their work with others who are in their peer group. In the context of the field of education, the term "in-service classes" refers to the process by which instructors participate in additional education or training over the duration of their job in order to maintain or improve their level of professional knowledge, abilities, and practices. In spite of the fact that publicizing in-service programs for language teachers is of utmost significance, not enough focus has been placed on elaborating how they contribute to teacher-related traits. In this study, an effort was made to compare and contrast the outcomes and progress of language instructors who attended or did not attend an in-service program, as well as the effects of this decision on the teachers' resilience, immunity, L2-teacher grit, and reflective teaching. This research was of a quasi-experimental type, and it included participation from 103 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers. During this research project, members of the first group, known as the control group, were not required to attend any in-service courses, whereas members of the second group, known as the experimental group, were. According to the findings of the MANOVA, EFL teachers who participated in in-service training courses had a significantly better level of resilience, immunity, L2-teacher grit, and reflectivity. It is hoped that the outcomes of this study will shed light on the significant contributions offered by in-service training programs and open up new avenues for the mental well-being of EFL teachers.

Task-based instruction (TBI) is a pedagogical approach that centers on engaging learners in meaningful and communicative tasks to promote language acquisition, active participation, and practical language use. The primary objective of this investigation was to assess the influence of TBI on reading comprehension, motivation for L2 reading, anxiety, and L2 grit. Thus, two pre-existing classes from a large university in China were selected and one of them was assigned as the treatment and the other as the comparison group. An Oxford Quick Placement Test determined that the subjects possessed an intermediate level of proficiency. The experimental group received reading comprehension-based TBI, while the control group received traditional lecture-based strategy training. Each of the dependent variables was tested at two points of time. Based on a conducted t-test, while both groups knew exactly the same as time 1, the comparison group did less on the posttest in terms of reading comprehension skills than its treatment counterpart. The effect size was large. Furthermore, the results of a series of chi-squares showed that TBI had facilitating effects on motivation for L2 reading, language learning anxiety, and L2 grit, all with large effect sizes. That is, on the posttest, the number of motivated learners and grittier learners in the treatment group increased, while the number of high-anxiety learners in the experimental group decreased sharply. However, the participants' motivation for L2 reading, anxiety, and L2 grit did not significantly change after the treatment. The implications of the study are explained.

This paper presents a novel, compact, and high gain metasurface (MS) patch antenna. The antenna structure consists of a slotted square patch in a fractal shape, integrated with a metasurface layer stacked on Taconic RF-30 dielectric material. The individual cells are arranged periodically, creating a 5 x 5-layer configuration. The proposed antenna is designed with physical dimensions of 290 x 290 mm² and achieves a maximum gain of 13.3 dBi at a frequency of 2.2 GHz. Moreover, it achieves a satisfactory minimum reflection coefficient of -10.9 dB. The design process and analysis were performed using the CST MWS simulation software. Based on the performance results obtained from this study, the suggested antenna can be considered suitable for applications in 5G communication.

Abstract The purpose of this research is to provide an understanding to the public to be smart in choosing positive news that does not contain fake news and increases literacy. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study use a qualitative approach with descriptive methods because this research describes objects, phenomena, and social conditions that occur in the Karang Bedil community through POCADI services. The development of digital citizenship through POCADI is therefore as follows: 1. Digital citizenship involves understanding the risks associated with technology and how to protect oneself online. This also includes respecting the rights of others and using technology responsibly. 2. Digital citizenship aims to enable people to utilize technology properly in accordance with applicable ethics and norms. The concept of this coaching is for the development of society to reduce the time to use technology to make the organization productive for both children and adults. Digital citizenship aims to ensure that everyone can use digital media, technology, and responsible Digital citizenship coaching. ----------------- Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat untuk cerdas dalam memilih berita yang sifatnya positif, tidak mengandung berita bohong dan meningkatkan literasi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif karena dalam penelitian ini menggambarkan objek, fenomena atau kondisi sosial yang terjadi di masyarakat Karang Bedil melalui layanan POCADI. Maka pengembangan Kewarganegaraan digital melalui POCADI adalah sebagai berikut: 1. Kewarganegaraan digital melibatkan pemahaman risiko yang terkait dengan teknologi dan cara melindungi diri sendiri secara online. Ini juga termasuk menghormati hak orang lain dan menggunakan teknologi secara bertanggung jawab. 2. Kewarganegaraan digital bertujuan agar masyarakat dapat memanfaatkan teknologi dengan baik sesuai etika dan norma yang berlaku. Konsep pembinaan ini adalah untuk pengembangan masyarakat untuk mengurangi waktu untuk menggunakan teknologi agar masyarakat produktif baik bagi anak-anak maupun orang dewasa. Tujuan kewarganegaraan digital adalah untuk memastikan bahwa setiap orang dapat menggunakan media digital, teknologi, dan bertanggung jawab Pembinaan kewarganegaraan digital.