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This current work has focused on the evaluation of the hexavalent chromium – Cr (VI) adsorption carried out by a biocomposite based on rice husk and chitosan. The chromium IV is an agro industrial contaminant residual while chitosan is a natural biopolymer with a great adsorption of heavy metals. Conditions for the biosorption such as concentrations of rice husk and Cr (VI) alongside the contact time, were identified in order to achieve the highest biosorpion of the heavy metal – Cr (VI). The morphology of rice husk, carried out in a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), showed a porous surface which can allow the adherence of chitosan. Different concentrations of rice husk (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 ) were used for the synthesis of the biopolymer. Furthermore, the capacity of Cr (VI) adsorption of the biocomposite based on rice husk and chitosan was evaluated throughout the contact time, resulting in a 68.28 % of Cr (IV) removal at 120 minutes. Additionally, the results of the experimental design consistent with the adsorption kinetic designs are shown in this work.

Background Within the classification of pathological scars, scars after a burn that degenerate into squamous cell carcinoma, are called Marjolin's Ulcer. They generally present with nodules or plaques with irregular margins and surface, heterogeneous in color, painless, which present a slow growth mainly in a burn scar. These lesions are more frequent in patients with fair skin, being the main risk factor chronic exposure to sunlight. When Marjolin's ulcers occur, they appear many years after the burn and are characterized by being aggressive with a poor prognosis. A case report from a 58-year-old male, with a history of a third-degree burn for 3 years on the back and abdomen presented a plaque on a scar on his back of 8 years of evolution which had presented recurrent infections. Keywords: Marjolin ulcer, flap reconstruction

Supplementary Figure/Table Legends from A Phase I/II Trial of Belinostat in Combination with Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, and Cyclophosphamide in Thymic Epithelial Tumors: A Clinical and Translational Study

Table S1: Dose escalation schema; Table S2: Disease and treatment characteristics and outcomes of patients who underwent multimodality therapy; Table S3: Cycle 1 pharmacokinetic parameters of belinostat.

Mean plasma concentration vs. time curve at belinostat 250 mg/m2.

Purpose: This phase I/II study sought to determine the safety and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of a novel schedule of belinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDAC) administered before and in combination with cisplatin (P), doxorubicin (A), and cyclophosphamide (C) in thymic epithelial tumors (TET). Antitumor activity, pharmacokinetics, and biomarkers of response were also assessed.Experimental Design: Patients with advanced, unresectable TET received increasing doses of belinostat as a continuous intravenous infusion over 48 hours with chemotherapy in 3-week cycles. In phase II, belinostat at the MTD was used.Results: Twenty-six patients were enrolled (thymoma, 12; thymic carcinoma, 14). Dose-limiting toxicities at 2,000 mg/m2 belinostat were grade 3 nausea and diarrhea and grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, respectively, in two patients. Twenty-four patients were treated at the MTD of 1,000 mg/m2 with chemotherapy (P, 50 mg/m2 on day 2; A, 25 mg/m2 on days 2 and 3; C, 500 mg/m2 on day 3). Objective response rates in thymoma and thymic carcinoma were 64% (95% confidence interval, 30.8%-89.1%) and 21% (4.7%–50.8%), respectively. Modulation of pharmacodynamic markers of HDAC inhibition and declines in regulatory T cell (Treg) and exhausted CD8+ T-cell populations were observed. Decline in Tregs was associated with response (P = 0.0041) and progression-free survival (P = 0.021). Declines in TIM3+ CD8+ T cells were larger in responders than nonresponders (P = 0.049).Conclusion: This study identified the MTD of belinostat in combination with PAC and indicates that the combination is active and feasible in TETs. Immunomodulatory effects on Tregs and TIM3+ CD8+ T cells warrant further study. Clin Cancer Res; 20(21); 5392–402. ©2014 AACR.

Supplementary Figures S1-S2; Supplementary Tables S1-S3.

Purpose: Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor targeting Raf and VEGFR, has shown activity in unselected patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). At present there are no validated biomarkers indicative of sorafenib activity.Experimental Design: Patients received sorafenib 400 mg BID daily to determine activity and tolerability and to measure its biological effects. KRAS mutation status (N = 34), angiogenesis markers (VEGF, bFGF, FLT-1, PLGF-1) and imaging with DCE-MRI (dynamic contrast enhanced MRI) to determine early changes in tumor vascular characteristics were evaluated. Three parameters Ktrans, Kep, and Ve were measured by DCE-MRI at baseline and day 14 of cycle 1. Cytokine analysis was done on days 0, 14, 28, and 54.Results: Thirty-seven patients with previously treated stage IV NSCLC were enrolled in this single-center phase II trial. In 34 evaluable patients, 2 had partial responses and 20 had stable disease for 3 to 17 months, a disease control rate of 65%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.4 months, and median overall survival (OS) was 11.6 months. Toxicity was consistent with the known side effects of sorafenib. KRAS (32%) and EGFR mutations (22%) showed no correlation with response, PFS, or OS. Kep, was significant in predicting an improvement in OS (P = 0.035) and PFS (P = 0.029). Cytokine analysis demonstrated an improved OS for bFGF day 0 (6 pg/mL; P = 0.042), whereas a PFS benefit was seen with bFGF at day 28 (6; P = 0.028).Conclusions: KRAS and EGFR mutational status showed no correlation with response, PFS, or OS. Radiologic and cytokine changes may act as biomarkers indicative of early angiogenesis inhibition. Clin Cancer Res; 17(5); 1190–9. ©2011 AACR.

Relative changes (mean and standard deviation) in the number of CTLA4-expressing Tregs with treatment (A). Overall survival of patients with pre-treatment CTLA4 expressing-Treg numbers above and below the median (B).

Supplemetary Methods from A Phase I/II Trial of Belinostat in Combination with Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, and Cyclophosphamide in Thymic Epithelial Tumors: A Clinical and Translational Study

Relative changes (mean and standard deviation) in γ-H2AX expression in CD3+ (A) and CD14+ (B) cells and by microscopy (C) before and after treatment. Figure S2C shows representative images of γ-H2AX foci incidence in PBMCs from one patient pre-treatment (C1D1), cycle 1 day 2 (C1D2), cycle 1 day 3 (C1D3), and cycle 2 day 1 pre-treatment (C2D1). Green, γ-H2AX; red, DNA stained with propidium iodide.

Climate change is one of the world's major problems and concerns the entire human population as its effects are global in scope. Climate change is driven by the greenhouse effect, which is generated by greenhouse gases (GHG). The construction industry is important in the development of a country, both economically and culturally, since it is through it that the infrastructure needs required for a nation's economic and social activities are met. Urban environments are composed of various structures that favor economic, social and any other activities of interest within the existing population; such urban environment is mainly connected by a system that is constituted by asphalt pavements of flexible or rigid type. This project analyzes the environmental impacts generated during the construction process of an asphalt pavement corresponding to the Real de Sevilla III subdivision, located in Obregon City, Sonora, Mexico, applying the Simapro 9.0 Software, obtaining a result of 12.618 Kg CO2 eq/m2 and 1,140, 863.493 Kg-CO2/fractionation generated by its main materials and activities and equipment consumptions.

RESUMEN Bacillus subtilis como promotor de crecimiento en el cultivo de Capsicum frutescens “ají tabasco”, en Moyobamba En los últimos años, el cultivo de Capsicum frutescens “ají tabasco” aumentó considerablemente junto al uso de agroquímicos que incrementan la polución ambiental, no obstante, escasas son las alternativas eco amigables para minimizar y controlar los químicos sin alterar la producción, ante ello se desarrolló la investigación empleando la bacteria Bacillus subtilis. El objetivo general fue “Evaluar la influencia del Bacillus subtilis como promotor de crecimiento en el cultivo de Capsicum frutescens “ají tabasco”, en Moyobamba”. El área de investigación fue una parcela demostrativa ubicada en el centro de producción del IESTP “Alto Mayo”, del distrito y provincia de Moyobamba de la región San Martín. El periodo de ejecución estuvo comprendido entre el 21/10/2021 al 20/06/2022 resultando un total de 8 meses. La población y muestra fue de 48 plantas de ají tabasco y el diseño experimental de bloques al azar con cuatro tratamientos y tres bloques, los cuales fueron T1: 150 mL de BS + 850 mL de H2O, T2: 200 mL de BS + 800 mL de H2O, T3: 250 mL de BS + 750 mL de H2O y T4: 1 L de H2O (testigo). Se midieron los niveles de altura y longitud de hojas, pre y post aplicación del inoculante a los 30, 60 y 90 días, el método de aplicación de los tratamientos fue por aspersión y las mediciones fueron obtenidas en campo, utilizando materiales como wincha metálica y una ficha de recolección de datos; por otro lado, con un nivel de significancia del 5% se aplicaron los estadísticos de análisis de varianza y prueba de Duncan. Como resultados se encontraron que antes de la aplicación de los tratamientos no existió diferencias significativas en la altura y longitud de hojas de las plantas de ají tabasco, mientras que post aplicación de tratamientos existió diferencias significativas en la media de las variables estudiadas, de los cuales a los 30, 60 y 90 días se obtuvieron mayores y menores niveles de altura y medias con T3 y T4 respectivamente, determinando además con un nivel de confianza del 95% que el tratamiento óptimo a los 30, 60 y 90 días fue T3 (250 mL de BS + 750 mL de H2O) para ambas variables. Se concluye que existe efecto de Bacillus subtilis para promover el crecimiento del cultivo de Capsicum frutescens “ají tabasco”, a nivel de altura y longitud de hojas. Bacillus subtilis as a growth promoter for Capsicum frutescens "tabasco chili" cultivation in Moyobamba. In recent years, the cultivation of Capsicum frutescens "tabasco chili" has increased considerably along with the use of agrochemicals that increase environmental pollution, however, there are few eco-friendly alternatives to minimize and control chemicals without altering production. In response to this, the research was carried out using the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. The general objective was "To evaluate the influence of Bacillus subtilis as a growth promoter in the cultivation of Capsicum frutescens " tabasco chili" in Moyobamba". The research area was a demonstration plot located in the production center of the IESTP "Alto Mayo", in the district and province of Moyobamba in the San Martin region. The execution period was from 10/21/2021 to 06/20/2022 for a total of 8 months. The population and sample consisted of 48 tabasco chili peppers plants and the experimental design was randomized blocks with four treatments and three blocks, which were T1: 150 mL of BS + 850 mL of H2O, T2: 200 mL of BS + 800 mL of H2O, T3: 250 mL of BS + 750 mL of H2O and T4: 1 L of H2O (control). The height and length of leaves were measured pre and post inoculant application at 30, 60 and 90 days. The application method of the treatments was by spraying and the measurements were obtained in the field, using materials such as a metal winch and a data collection sheet. Analysis of variance and Duncan's test were applied at a significance level of 5%. As results, it was found that before the application of the treatments there were no significant differences in the height and leaf length of the tabasco chili plants. After the application of the treatments there were significant differences in the average of the variables under study, of which at 30, 60 and 90 days the highest and lowest levels of height and average were obtained with T3 and T4, respectively. It was also determined with a confidence level of 95% that the optimal treatment at 30, 60 and 90 days was T3 (250 mL of BS + 750 mL of H2O) for both variables. It is concluded that there is an effect of Bacillus subtilis to promote the growth of Capsicum frutescens " tabasco chili", at the level of height and leaf length.