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1. Gender Representation in TV and Radio: Automatic Information Extraction methods versus Manual Analyses

Author

Doukhan, David, Dodson, Lena, Conan, Manon, Pelloin, Valentin, Clamouse, Aurélien, Lepape, Mélina, Van Hille, Géraldine, Méadel, Cécile, and Coulomb-Gully, Marlène

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing, Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Multimedia, Computer Science - Sound
Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between automatic information extraction descriptors and manual analyses to describe gender representation disparities in TV and Radio. Automatic descriptors, including speech time, facial categorization and speech transcriptions are compared with channel reports on a vast 32,000-hour corpus of French broadcasts from 2023. Findings reveal systemic gender imbalances, with women underrepresented compared to men across all descriptors. Notably, manual channel reports show higher women's presence than automatic estimates and references to women are lower than their speech time. Descriptors share common dynamics during high and low audiences, war coverage, or private versus public channels. While women are more visible than audible in French TV, this trend is inverted in news with unseen journalists depicting male protagonists. A statistical test shows 3 main effects influencing references to women: program category, channel and speaker gender., Comment: keywords : Gender representation, computational humanities, TV, Radio, face classification, speaker traits, ASR, media, SLU. Accepted to InterSpeech 2024, Kos Island, Greece, september 2024

Published
2024

5. HERMES: qualification of High pErformance pRogrammable Microprocessor and dEvelopment of Software ecosystem

Author

Ibellaatti, Nadia, Lepape, Edouard, Kilic, Alp, Akyel, Kaya, Chouayakh, Kassem, Ferrandi, Fabrizio, Barone, Claudio, Curzel, Serena, Fiorito, Michele, Gozzi, Giovanni, Masmano, Miguel, Navarro, Ana Risquez, Muñoz, Manuel, Gallego, Vicente Nicolau, Cueva, Patricia Lopez, Letrillard, Jean-noel, and Wartel, Franck

Subjects
Computer Science - Other Computer Science, Computer Science - Hardware Architecture, Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract

European efforts to boost competitiveness in the sector of space services promote the research and development of advanced software and hardware solutions. The EU-funded HERMES project contributes to the effort by qualifying radiation-hardened, high-performance programmable microprocessors, and by developing a software ecosystem that facilitates the deployment of complex applications on such platforms. The main objectives of the project include reaching a technology readiness level of 6 (i.e., validated and demonstrated in relevant environment) for the rad-hard NG-ULTRA FPGA with its ceramic hermetic package CGA 1752, developed within projects of the European Space Agency, French National Centre for Space Studies and the European Union. An equally important share of the project is dedicated to the development and validation of tools that support multicore software programming and FPGA acceleration, including Bambu for High-Level Synthesis and the XtratuM hypervisor with a level one boot loader for virtualization., Comment: Accepted for publication at DATE 2023

Published
2023

7. Can cashew nut allergy resolve spontaneously?

Author

Tamazoust Guiddir, Audrey Siberil, Françoise Lepape, Marion Hacker, and Ariane Nemni

Subjects
cashew nut allergy, children, natural history, recombinant Ana o 3, recovery, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Published
2024
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8. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990–2021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050

Author

Naghavi, Mohsen, Vollset, Stein Emil, Ikuta, Kevin S, Swetschinski, Lucien R, Gray, Authia P, Wool, Eve E, Robles Aguilar, Gisela, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Smith, Georgia, Han, Chieh, Hsu, Rebecca L, Chalek, Julian, Araki, Daniel T, Chung, Erin, Raggi, Catalina, Gershberg Hayoon, Anna, Davis Weaver, Nicole, Lindstedt, Paulina A, Smith, Amanda E, Altay, Umut, Bhattacharjee, Natalia V, Giannakis, Konstantinos, Fell, Frederick, McManigal, Barney, Ekapirat, Nattwut, Mendes, Jessica Andretta, Runghien, Tilleye, Srimokla, Oraya, Abdelkader, Atef, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Usman, Abukhadijah, Hana J, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Achalapong, Sureerak, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agodi, Antonella, Ahlstrom, Austin J, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Ibrar, Ahmed, Mohammed, Ahmed, Saeed, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Al Awaidy, Salah, Al Thaher, Yazan, Alalalmeh, Samer O, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Aldhaleei, Wafa A, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Alhaji, Nma Bida, Ali, Abid, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Syed Shujait, Ali, Waad, Allel, Kasim, Al-Marwani, Sabah, Alrawashdeh, Ahmad, Altaf, Awais, Al-Tammemi, Alaa B., Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A, Alzoubi, Karem H, Al-Zyoud, Walid Adnan, Amos, Ben, Amuasi, John H, Ancuceanu, Robert, Andrews, Jason R, Anil, Abhishek, Anuoluwa, Iyadunni Adesola, Anvari, Saeid, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Apostol, Geminn Louis Carace, Arabloo, Jalal, Arafat, Mosab, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Areda, Demelash, Aremu, Abdulfatai, Artamonov, Anton A, Ashley, Elizabeth A, Asika, Marvellous O, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Awoke, Tewachew, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azam, James Mba, Aziz, Shahkaar, Azzam, Ahmed Y., Babaei, Mahsa, Babin, Francois-Xavier, Badar, Muhammad, Baig, Atif Amin, Bajcetic, Milica, Baker, Stephen, Bardhan, Mainak, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Basharat, Zarrin, Basiru, Afisu, Bastard, Mathieu, Basu, Saurav, Bayleyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja, Beloukas, Apostolos, Berkley, James A, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhuyan, Soumitra S, Bielicki, Julia A, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Brown, Colin Stewart, Browne, Annie J, Buonsenso, Danilo, Bustanji, Yasser, Carvalheiro, Cristina G, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Chadwick, Joshua, Chakraborty, Sandip, Chandika, Rama Mohan, Chandy, Sara, Chansamouth, Vilada, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaudhary, Anis Ahmad, Ching, Patrick R, Chopra, Hitesh, Chowdhury, Fazle Rabbi, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chutiyami, Muhammad, Cruz-Martins, Natalia, da Silva, Alanna Gomes, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Darcho, Samuel D, Das, Saswati, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, Dekker, Denise Myriam, Dhama, Kuldeep, Diaz, Daniel, Dickson, Benjamin Felix Rothschild, Djorie, Serge Ghislain, Dodangeh, Milad, Dohare, Sushil, Dokova, Klara Georgieva, Doshi, Ojas Prakashbhai, Dowou, Robert Kokou, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dunachie, Susanna J, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Eckmanns, Tim, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Eftekharimehrabad, Aziz, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Sayed, Iman, Elhadi, Muhammed, El-Huneidi, Waseem, Elias, Christelle, Ellis, Sally J, Elsheikh, Randa, Elsohaby, Ibrahim, Eltaha, Chadi, Eshrati, Babak, Eslami, Majid, Eyre, David William, Fadaka, Adewale Oluwaseun, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fahim, Ayesha, Fakhri-Demeshghieh, Aliasghar, Fasina, Folorunso Oludayo, Fasina, Modupe Margaret, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Feasey, Nicholas A, Feizkhah, Alireza, Fekadu, Ginenus, Fischer, Florian, Fitriana, Ida, Forrest, Karen M, Fortuna Rodrigues, Celia, Fuller, John E, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gajdács, Márió, Gandhi, Aravind P, Garcia-Gallo, Esteban E, Garrett, Denise O, Gautam, Rupesh K, Gebregergis, Miglas Welay, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Geffers, Christine, Georgalis, Leonidas, Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed, Golechha, Mahaveer, Golinelli, Davide, Gordon, Melita, Gulati, Snigdha, Gupta, Rajat Das, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Vijai Kumar, Habteyohannes, Awoke Derbie, Haller, Sebastian, Harapan, Harapan, Harrison, Michelle L, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Ikramul, Hasan, Rumina Syeda, Hasani, Hamidreza, Haselbeck, Andrea Haekyung, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Hassan, Ikrama Ibrahim, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Mahgol Sadat, Hayat, Khezar, He, Jiawei, Hegazi, Omar E, Heidari, Mohammad, Hezam, Kamal, Holla, Ramesh, Holm, Marianne, Hopkins, Heidi, Hossain, Md Mahbub, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hussein, Nawfal R, Huy, Le Duc, Ibáñez-Prada, Elsa D, Ikiroma, Adalia, Ilic, Irena M, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Ismail, Faisal, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iwu, Chidozie Declan, Iwu-Jaja, Chinwe Juliana, Jafarzadeh, Abdollah, Jaiteh, Fatoumatta, Jalilzadeh Yengejeh, Reza, Jamora, Roland Dominic G, Javidnia, Javad, Jawaid, Talha, Jenney, Adam W J, Jeon, Hyon Jin, Jokar, Mohammad, Jomehzadeh, Nabi, Joo, Tamas, Joseph, Nitin, Kamal, Zul, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kantar, Rami S, Kapisi, James Apollo, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalid, Nauman, Khamesipour, Faham, Khan, Ajmal, Khan, Mohammad Jobair, Khan, Muhammad Tariq, Khanal, Vishnu, Khidri, Feriha Fatima, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Khusuwan, Suwimon, Kim, Min Seo, Kisa, Adnan, Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Krapp, Fiorella, Krumkamp, Ralf, Kuddus, Mohammed, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kumar, Dewesh, Kumaran, Emmanuelle A P, Kuttikkattu, Ambily, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Landires, Iván, Lawal, Basira Kankia, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Lederer, Ingeborg Maria, Lee, Munjae, Lee, Seung Won, Lepape, Alain, Lerango, Temesgen Leka, Ligade, Virendra S, Lim, Cherry, Lim, Stephen S, Limenh, Liknaw Workie, Liu, Chaojie, Liu, Xiaofeng, Liu, Xuefeng, Loftus, Michael J, M Amin, Hawraz Ibrahim, Maass, Kelsey Lynn, Maharaj, Sandeep B, Mahmoud, Mansour Adam, Maikanti-Charalampous, Panagiota, Makram, Omar M, Malhotra, Kashish, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Mandilara, Georgia D, Marks, Florian, Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo Alfonso, Martorell, Miquel, Masoumi-Asl, Hossein, Mathioudakis, Alexander G, May, Juergen, McHugh, Theresa A, Meiring, James, Meles, Hadush Negash, Melese, Addisu, Melese, Endalkachew Belayneh, Minervini, Giuseppe, Mohamed, Nouh Saad, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Syam, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moodi Ghalibaf, AmirAli, Moore, Catrin E, Moradi, Yousef, Mossialos, Elias, Mougin, Vincent, Mukoro, George Duke, Mulita, Francesk, Muller-Pebody, Berit, Murillo-Zamora, Efren, Musa, Sani, Musicha, Patrick, Musila, Lillian A, Muthupandian, Saravanan, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Pirouz, Nainu, Firzan, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Najmuldeen, Hastyar Hama Rashid, Natto, Zuhair S, Nauman, Javaid, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nchanji, G Takop, Ndishimye, Pacifique, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Nguyen, QuynhAnh P, Noman, Efaq Ali, Nwakanma, Davis C, O'Brien, Seamus, Ochoa, Theresa J, Odetokun, Ismail A, Ogundijo, Oluwaseun Adeolu, Ojo-Akosile, Tolulope R, Okeke, Sylvester Reuben, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olivas-Martinez, Antonio, Olorukooba, Abdulhakeem Abayomi, Olwoch, Peter, Onyedibe, Kenneth Ikenna, Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar, Osuolale, Olayinka, Ounchanum, Pradthana, Oyeyemi, Oyetunde T, P A, Mahesh Padukudru, Paredes, Jose L, Parikh, Romil R, Patel, Jay, Patil, Shankargouda, Pawar, Shrikant, Peleg, Anton Y, Peprah, Prince, Perdigão, João, Perrone, Carlo, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Phommasone, Koukeo, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, Poddighe, Dimitri, Pollard, Andrew J, Poluru, Ramesh, Ponce-De-Leon, Alfredo, Puvvula, Jagadeesh, Qamar, Farah Naz, Qasim, Nameer Hashim, Rafai, Clotaire Donatien, Raghav, Pankaja, Rahbarnia, Leila, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Ramadan, Hazem, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ramesh, Pushkal Sinduvadi, Ramteke, Pramod W, Rana, Rishabh Kumar, Rani, Usha, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rathish, Devarajan, Rattanavong, Sayaphet, Rawaf, Salman, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reyes, Luis Felipe, Roberts, Tamalee, Robotham, Julie V, Rosenthal, Victor Daniel, Ross, Allen Guy, Roy, Nitai, Rudd, Kristina E, Sabet, Cameron John, Saddik, Basema Ahmad, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar, Saengchan, Weeravoot, Safaei, Mohsen, Saghazadeh, Amene, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Sahu, Maitreyi, Saki, Morteza, Salam, Nasir, Saleem, Zikria, Saleh, Mohamed A, Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo, Samy, Abdallah M, Saravanan, Aswini, Satpathy, Maheswar, Schumacher, Austin E, Sedighi, Mansour, Seekaew, Samroeng, Shafie, Mahan, Shah, Pritik A, Shahid, Samiah, Shahwan, Moyad Jamal, Shakoor, Sadia, Shalev, Noga, Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib, Shamshirgaran, Mohammad Ali, Shamsi, Anas, Sharifan, Amin, Shastry, Rajesh P, Shetty, Mahabalesh, Shittu, Aminu, Shrestha, Sunil, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Sideroglou, Theologia, Sifuentes-Osornio, Jose, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Simões, Eric A F, Simpson, Andrew J H, Singh, Amit, Singh, Surjit, Sinto, Robert, Soliman, Sameh S M, Soraneh, Soroush, Stoesser, Nicole, Stoeva, Temenuga Zhekova, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Szarpak, Lukasz, T Y, Sree Sudha, Tabatabai, Shima, Tabche, Celine, Taha, Zanan Mohammed-Ameen, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tasak, Nidanuch, Tat, Nathan Y, Thaiprakong, Areerat, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Tigoi, Caroline Chepngeno, Tiwari, Krishna, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Thang Huu, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Turner, Paul, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Noor, Ullah, Saeed, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Valenti, Mario, Vos, Theo, Vu, Huong T L, Waheed, Yasir, Walker, Ann Sarah, Walson, Judd L, Wangrangsimakul, Tri, Weerakoon, Kosala Gayan, Wertheim, Heiman F L, Williams, Phoebe C M, Wolde, Asrat Arja, Wozniak, Teresa M, Wu, Felicia, Wu, Zenghong, Yadav, Mukesh Kumar Kumar, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yahaya, Zwanden Sule, Yarahmadi, Amir, Yezli, Saber, Yismaw, Yazachew Engida, Yon, Dong Keon, Yuan, Chun-Wei, Yusuf, Hadiza, Zakham, Fathiah, Zamagni, Giulia, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zyoud, Sa'ed H. H, Zyoud, Samer H, Hay, Simon I, Stergachis, Andy, Sartorius, Benn, Cooper, Ben S, Dolecek, Christiane, and Murray, Christopher J L

Published
2024
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9. Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality burden of non-COVID-19 lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author

Bender, Rose Grace, Sirota, Sarah Brooke, Swetschinski, Lucien R, Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva, Novotney, Amanda, Wool, Eve E, Ikuta, Kevin S, Vongpradith, Avina, Rogowski, Emma Lynn Best, Doxey, Matthew, Troeger, Christopher E, Albertson, Samuel B, Ma, Jianing, He, Jiawei, Maass, Kelsey Lynn, A.F.Simões, Eric, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdul Aziz, Jeza Muhamad, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abu Rumeileh, Samir, Abualruz, Hasan, Aburuz, Salahdein, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adha, Rishan, Adikusuma, Wirawan, Adra, Saryia, Afraz, Ali, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agodi, Antonella, Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Ayman, Akinosoglou, Karolina, AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali, Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa, Albashtawy, Mohammed, AlBataineh, Mohammad T., Alemi, Hediyeh, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Ali, Abid, Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait, Alqahtani, Jaber S, AlQudah, Mohammad, Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A., Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Alzoubi, Karem H, Amani, Reza, Amegbor, Prince M, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amuasi, John H, Anil, Abhishek, Anyanwu, Philip Emeka, Arafat, Mosab, Areda, Damelash, Arefnezhad, Reza, Atalell, Kendalem Asmare, Ayele, Firayad, Azzam, Ahmed Y, Babamohamadi, Hassan, Babin, François-Xavier, Bahurupi, Yogesh, Baker, Stephen, Banik, Biswajit, Barchitta, Martina, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Basharat, Zarrin, Baskaran, Pritish, Batra, Kavita, Batra, Ravi, Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Beloukas, Apostolos, Berkley, James A, Beyene, Kebede A, Bhargava, Ashish, Bhattacharjee, Priyadarshini, Bielicki, Julia A, Bilalaga, Mariah Malak, Bitra, Veera R, Brown, Colin Stewart, Burkart, Katrin, Bustanji, Yasser, Carr, Sinclair, Chahine, Yaacoub, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chichagi, Fatemeh, Chopra, Hitesh, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Eunice, Dadana, Sriharsha, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darban, Isaac, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Dashti, Mohsen, Dashtkoohi, Mohadese, Dekker, Denise Myriam, Delgado-Enciso, Ivan, Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan, Dhama, Kuldeep, Diao, Nancy, Do, Thao Huynh Phuong, Dokova, Klara Georgieva, Dolecek, Christiane, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Eckmanns, Tim, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Efendi, Ferry, Eftekharimehrabad, Aziz, Eyre, David William, Fahim, Ayesha, Feizkhah, Alireza, Felton, Timothy William, Ferreira, Nuno, Flor, Luisa S, Gaihre, Santosh, Gebregergis, Miglas W, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Geffers, Christine, Gerema, Urge, Ghaffari, Kazem, Goldust, Mohamad, Goleij, Pouya, Guan, Shi-Yang, Gudeta, Mesay Dechasa, Guo, Cui, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Ishita, Habibzadeh, Farrokh, Hadi, Najah R, Haeuser, Emily, Hailu, Wase Benti, Hajibeygi, Ramtin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haller, Sebastian, Hamiduzzaman, Mohammad, Hanifi, Nasrin, Hansel, Jan, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Haubold, Johannes, Hoan, Nguyen Quoc, Huynh, Hong-Han, Iregbu, Kenneth Chukwuemeka, Islam, Md. Rabiul, Jafarzadeh, Abdollah, Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman, Jalili, Mahsa, Jomehzadeh, Nabi, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Kabir, Md. Awal, Kamal, Zul, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kantar, Rami S., Karimi Behnagh, Arman, Kaur, Navjot, Kaur, Harkiran, Khamesipour, Faham, Khan, M Nuruzzaman, Khan suheb, Mahammed Ziauddin, Khanal, Vishnu, Khatab, Khaled, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Kim, Grace, Kim, Kwanghyun, Kitila, Aiggan Tamene Tamene, Komaki, Somayeh, Krishan, Kewal, Krumkamp, Ralf, Kuddus, Md Abdul, Kurniasari, Maria Dyah, Lahariya, Chandrakant, Latifinaibin, Kaveh, Le, Nhi Huu Hanh, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Le, Trang Diep Thanh, Lee, Seung Won, LEPAPE, Alain, Lerango, Temesgen L., Li, Ming-Chieh, Mahboobipour, Amir Ali, Malhotra, Kashish, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Manoharan, Anand, Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo Alfonso, Mathioudakis, Alexander G., Mattiello, Rita, May, Jürgen, McManigal, Barney, McPhail, Steven M, Mekene Meto, Tesfahun, Mendez-Lopez, Max Alberto Mendez, Meo, Sultan Ayoub, Merati, Mohsen, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mhlanga, Laurette, Minh, Le Huu Nhat, Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Vinaytosh, Misra, Arup Kumar, Mohamed, Nouh Saad, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mohammed, Mesud, Mohammed, Mustapha, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moore, Catrin E, Motappa, Rohith, Mougin, Vincent, Mousavi, Parsa, Mulita, Francesk, Mulu, Atsedemariam Andualem, Naghavi, Pirouz, Naik, Ganesh R, Nainu, Firzan, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Nargus, Shumaila, Negaresh, Mohammad, Nguyen, Hau Thi Hien, Nguyen, Dang H, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Nikolouzakis, Taxiarchis Konstantinos, Noman, Efaq Ali, Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi, Odetokun, Ismail A., Okwute, Patrick Godwin, Olana, Matifan Dereje, Olanipekun, Titilope O, Olasupo, Omotola O., Olivas-Martinez, Antonio, Ordak, Michal, Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar, Ouyahia, Amel, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pak, Anton, Pandey, Anamika, Pantazopoulos, Ioannis, Parija, Pragyan Paramita, Parikh, Romil R, Park, Seoyeon, Parthasarathi, Ashwaghosha, Pashaei, Ava, Peprah, Prince, Pham, Hoang Tran, Poddighe, Dimitri, Pollard, Andrew, Ponce-De-Leon, Alfredo, Prakash, Peralam Yegneswaran, Prates, Elton Junio Sady, Quan, Nguyen Khoi, Raee, Pourya, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmati, Masoud, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ranjan, Shubham, Rao, Indu Ramachandra, Rashid, Ahmed Mustafa, Rattanavong, Sayaphet, Ravikumar, Nakul, Reddy, Murali Mohan Rama Krishna, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reiner, Robert C, Jr., Reyes, Luis Felipe, Roberts, Tamalee, Rodrigues, Mónica, Rosenthal, Victor Daniel, Roy, Priyanka, Runghien, Tilleye, Saeed, Umar, Saghazadeh, Amene, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Sahu, Monalisha, Sakshaug, Joseph W, Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa, Saleh, Mohamed A., Salehi omran, Hossein, Sallam, Malik, Samadzadeh, Sara, Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo, Sanjeev, Rama Krishna, Sarasmita, Made Ary, Saravanan, Aswini, Sartorius, Benn, Saulam, Jennifer, Schumacher, Austin E, Seyedi, Seyed Arsalan, Shafie, Mahan, Shahid, Samiah, Sham, Sunder, Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib, Shamshirgaran, Mohammad Ali, Shastry, Rajesh P., Sherchan, Samendra P, Shiferaw, Desalegn, Shittu, Aminu, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Sinto, Robert, Sood, Aayushi, Sorensen, Reed J D, Stergachis, Andy, Stoeva, Temenuga Zhekova, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Szarpak, Lukasz, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tessema, Melkamu B Tessema, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Tran, Nghia Minh, Tran, Ngoc-Ha, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Ty, Sree Sudha, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Ulhaq, Inam, Umar, Tungki Pratama, Umer, Abdurezak Adem, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Van den Eynde, Jef, Walson, Judd L, Waqas, Muhammad, Xing, Yuhan, Yadav, Mukesh Kumar, Yahya, Galal, Yon, Dong Keon, Zahedi Bialvaei, Abed, Zakham, Fathiah, Zeleke, Abyalew Mamuye, Zhai, Chunxia, Zhang, Zhaofeng, Zhang, Haijun, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zheng, Peng, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Vos, Theo, Hay, Simon I, Mosser, Jonathan F., Lim, Stephen S, Naghavi, Mohsen, Murray, Christopher J L, and Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe

Published
2024
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10. Current knowledge and practice of Candida auris screening in France: A nationwide survey from the French Society of Medical Mycology (SFMM)

Author

Guitard, J., Bellanger, A.P., Dorin, J., Cassaing, S., Capitaine, A., Gabriel, F., Nicolas, M., Coron, N., Penn, P., Moniot, M., Quinio, D., Ranque, S., Sasso, M., Lepape, P., Dannaoui, E., Brun, S., Lacroix, C., Cornu, M., Debourgogne, A., Durieux, M.F., Laurent, G., Bru, V., Bourgeois, N., Brunet, K., Chouaki, T., Huguenin, A., Hasseine, L., Maubon, D., Gangneux, J.P., Desbois-Nogard, N., Houze, S., Dalle, F., Bougnoux, M.E., Alanio, A., Costa, D., Botterel, F., and Hennequin, C.

Published
2024
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13. Impact of Pseudomonas aeruginosa carriage on intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia: a European multicentre prospective cohort study

Author

Paling, F., Recanatini, C., Timbermont, L., Ewout van der Schalk, T., Sifakis, F., Wolkewitz, M., Hazard, D., Bonten, M., Goossens, H., Malhotra-Kumar, S., Kluytmans, J., Weber, S., Ali, O., Ruzin, A., Jafri, H., Lammens, C., Vlaeminck, J., Hullegie, S., Troeman, D., van Hout, D., Prins, D., Kalyani, R., Shoemaker, K., Vilken, T., Coppens, J., Xavier, B.B., Coenjaerts, F., Temelkov, A., Odisseeva, E., Vatcheva, R., Drab, M., Vajter, J., Tamme, K., Fartoukh, M., LePape, A., Landais, M., Plantefève, G., Tacconelli, E., Kaasch, A., Jurkinya, R., Zsolt, I., van Rijen, M., Cremer, O., Carevic, B., Jevdjić, J., Escudero, D., Garcia, M.S., Prat-Aymerich, C., Suberviola-Cañas, B., Arenzana-Seisdedos, A., Bodur, H., Kirakli, C., Bozkurt, I., Long, S., van Werkhoven, C.H., van der Schalk, T.E., Torrens, G., DiGiandomenico, A., Esser, M.T., and Oliver, A.

Published
2024
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16. The population-attributable fraction for time-dependent exposures and competing risks - A discussion on estimands

Author

von Cube, Maja, Schumacher, Martin, Bailly, Sebastien, Timsit, Jean-Francois, Lepape, Alain, Savey, Anne, Machut, Anais, and Wolkewitz, Martin

Subjects
Statistics - Applications, Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

The population-attributable fraction (PAF) quantifies the public health impact of a harmful exposure. Despite being a measure of significant importance an estimand accommodating complicated time-to-event data is not clearly defined. We discuss current estimands of the PAF used to quantify the public health impact of an internal time-dependent exposure for data subject to competing outcomes. To overcome some limitations, we proposed a novel estimand which is based on dynamic prediction by landmarking. In a profound simulation study, we discuss interpretation and performance of the various estimands and their estimators. The methods are applied to a large French database to estimate the health impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia for patients in intensive care., Comment: A revision has been submitted

Published
2019
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18. WINTER HABITAT SELECTION OF MOOSE IN MAINE AND RUMINATIONS ON THE IMPACT OF CHANGING WEATHER CONDITIONS

Author

DiMatteo-LePape, Asha, Morano, Sabrina, De Urioste-Stone, Sandra, and Kantar, Lee E.

Subjects
Cold weather -- Analysis, Moose -- Analysis, Climatic changes -- Analysis, Forests and forestry -- Analysis, White-tailed deer -- Analysis, General interest, News, opinion and commentary, University of Maine
Abstract

Winter habitat use by moose (Alces alces) in response to climate change may reflect shifts in biotic and abiotic stressors that pose both environmental challenges and opportunities. Snow depth, temperature, winter length, and forest composition influence moose mobility, habitat use, and access to forage and cover resources. We analyzed habitat selection in winter home ranges of adult female moose (n = 96) over the course of six winters (2014-2019) to explore the influence of winter weather and forest composition on landscape and habitat use. Second order (home range) resource selection functions were estimated using generalized linear mixed models. Moose selected most strongly for forest habitat, specifically evergreen and mixed forests, which had similar strength of selection and represented ~50% of home ranges. The models identified a slight positive association with regenerating forest, although high levels of variance indicated a weak relationship. Contrary to our prediction, we did not detect any influence of weather conditions on winter habitat selection. Maine's mosaic of forest types and commercial forestry seemingly provide adequate food and cover resources for moose regardless of winter conditions, with the three habitat types selected for representing ~70% of home ranges. Due to the coarse resolution of the data we analyzed, more specific data on forest structure such as stand age, canopy, and forage species may be required to identify finer relationships in habitat use and specific resource requirements during winter. It is possible that other factors associated with climate change, such as increases in deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations, parasites, and disease will have greater influence on moose than habitat per se. However, because these potential influences are indirectly related to habitat use by moose, further research is warranted to best understand the multiple factors and relationships affecting winter habitat use. Key words: Alces alces, seasonal resources, home range, landscape use, New England, weather conditions, winter., INTRODUCTION Moose (Alces alces) population dynamics are largely influenced by forage and cover resources in forest habitats; within Maine's boreal forest moose landscape use is likely driven by access to [...]

Published
2023

19. Safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of gremubamab (MEDI3902), an anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa bispecific human monoclonal antibody, in P. aeruginosa-colonised, mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients: a randomised controlled trial

Author

Jean Chastre, Bruno François, Marc Bourgeois, Apostolos Komnos, Ricard Ferrer, Galia Rahav, Nicolas De Schryver, Alain Lepape, Iftihar Koksal, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Miguel Sánchez-García, Antoni Torres, Philippe Eggimann, Despoina Koulenti, Thomas L. Holland, Omar Ali, Kathryn Shoemaker, Pin Ren, Julien Sauser, Alexey Ruzin, David E. Tabor, Ahmad Akhgar, Yuling Wu, Yu Jiang, Antonio DiGiandomenico, Susan Colbert, Drieke Vandamme, Frank Coenjaerts, Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar, Leen Timbermont, Antonio Oliver, Olivier Barraud, Terramika Bellamy, Marc Bonten, Herman Goossens, Colin Reisner, Mark T. Esser, Hasan S. Jafri, and The COMBACTE-MAGNET EVADE Study Group

Subjects
Monoclonal antibody, Prevention, Pharmacokinetics, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ventilator-associated pneumonia, Safety, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Abstract Background Ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in hospitalised patients is associated with high mortality. The effectiveness of the bivalent, bispecific mAb MEDI3902 (gremubamab) in preventing PA nosocomial pneumonia was assessed in PA-colonised mechanically ventilated subjects. Methods EVADE (NCT02696902) was a phase 2, randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in Europe, Turkey, Israel, and the USA. Subjects ≥ 18 years old, mechanically ventilated, tracheally colonised with PA, and without new-onset pneumonia, were randomised (1:1:1) to MEDI3902 500, 1500 mg (single intravenous dose), or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint was the incidence of nosocomial PA pneumonia through 21 days post-dose in MEDI3902 1500 mg versus placebo, determined by an independent adjudication committee. Results Even if the initial sample size was not reached because of low recruitment, 188 subjects were randomised (MEDI3902 500/1500 mg: n = 16/87; placebo: n = 85) between 13 April 2016 and 17 October 2019. Out of these, 184 were dosed (MEDI3902 500/1500 mg: n = 16/85; placebo: n = 83), comprising the modified intent-to-treat set. Enrolment in the 500 mg arm was discontinued due to pharmacokinetic data demonstrating low MEDI3902 serum concentrations. Subsequently, enrolled subjects were randomised (1:1) to MEDI3902 1500 mg or placebo. PA pneumonia was confirmed in 22.4% (n = 19/85) of MEDI3902 1500 mg recipients and in 18.1% (n = 15/83) of placebo recipients (relative risk reduction [RRR]: − 23.7%; 80% confidence interval [CI] − 83.8%, 16.8%; p = 0.49). At 21 days post-1500 mg dose, the mean (standard deviation) serum MEDI3902 concentration was 9.46 (7.91) μg/mL, with 80.6% (n = 58/72) subjects achieving concentrations > 1.7 μg/mL, a level associated with improved outcome in animal models. Treatment-emergent adverse event incidence was similar between groups. Conclusions The bivalent, bispecific monoclonal antibody MEDI3902 (gremubamab) did not reduce PA nosocomial pneumonia incidence in PA-colonised mechanically ventilated subjects. Trial registration Registered on Clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT02696902 ) on 11th February 2016 and on EudraCT ( 2015-001706-34 ) on 7th March 2016.

Published
2022
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22. Immune Profiling Panel Gene Set Identifies Critically Ill Patients With Low Monocyte Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR Expression: Preliminary Results From the REAnimation Low Immune Status Marker (REALISM) Study

Author

Peronnet, Estelle, Blein, Sophie, Venet, Fabienne, Cerrato, Elisabeth, Fleurie, Aurore, Llitjos, Jean-François, Kreitmann, Louis, Terraz, Gabriel, Conti, Filippo, Gossez, Morgane, Rimmelé, Thomas, Textoris, Julien, Lukaszewicz, Anne-Claire, Brengel-Pesce, Karen, Monneret, Guillaume, Arnal, Sophie, Augris-Mathieu, Caroline, Bayle, Frederique, Caruso, Liana, Ber, Charles-Eric, Ben-Amor, Asma, Bellocq, Anne-Sophie, Benatir, Farida, Bertin-Maghit, Anne, Bertin-Maghit, Marc, Boibieux, Andre, Bouffard, Yves, Cejka, Jean-Christophe, Cerro, Valerie, Crozon-Clauzel, Jullien, Davidson, Julien, Debord-Peguet, Sophie, Delwarde, Benjamin, Deleat-Besson, Robert, Delsuc, Claire, Devigne, Bertrand, Fayolle-Pivot, Laure, Faure, Alexandre, Floccard, Bernard, Gatel, Julie, Genin, Charline, Girardot, Thibaut, Gregoire, Arnaud, Hengy, Baptiste, Huriaux, Laetitia, Jadaud, Catherine, Lepape, Alain, Leray, Veronique, Lukaszewicz, Anne-Claire, Marcotte, Guillaume, Martin, Olivier, Matray, Marie, Maucort-Boulch, Delphine, Meuret, Pascal, Monard, Celine, Moriceau, Florent, Monneret, Guillaume, Panel, Nathalie, Rahali, Najia, Rimmele, Thomas, Truc, Cyrille, Uberti, Thomas, Vallin, Helene, Venet, Fabienne, Tissot, Sylvie, Zadam, Abbes, Blein, Sophie, Brengel-Pesce, Karen, Cerrato, Elisabeth, Cheynet, Valerie, Gallet-Gorius, Emmanuelle, Guichard, Audrey, Jourdan, Camille, Koenig, Natacha, Mallet, Francois, Meunier, Boris, Moucade, Virginie, Mommert, Marine, Oriol, Guy, Pachot, Alexandre, Peronnet, Estelle, Schrevel, Claire, Tabone, Olivier, Textoris, Julien, Marcos, Javier Yugueros, Becker, Jeremie, Bequet, Frederic, Bounab, Yacine, Brajon, Florian, Canard, Bertrand, Collus, Muriel, Garcon, Nathalie, Gorse, Irene, Guyard, Cyril, Lavocat, Fabien, Leissner, Philippe, Louis, Karen, Mistretta, Maxime, Moriniere, Jeanne, Mouscaz, Yoann, Noailles, Laura, Perret, Magali, Reynier, Frederic, Riffaud, Cindy, Rol, Mary-Luz, Sapay, Nicolas, Tran, Trang, Vedrine, Christophe, Carre, Christophe, Cortez, Pierre, de Monfort, Aymeric, Florin, Karine, Fraisse, Laurent, Fugier, Isabelle, Payrard, Sandrine, Peleraux, Annick, Quemeneur, Laurence, Griffiths, Andrew, Toetsch, Stephanie, Ashton, Teri, Gough, Peter J., Berger, Scott B., Gardiner, David, Gillespie, Iain, Macnamara, Aidan, Raychaudhuri, Aparna, Smylie, Rob, Tan, Lionel, and Tipple, Craig

Published
2023
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23. Absolute Equation-of-State Measurement for Polystyrene from 25 to 60 Mbar Using a Spherically Converging Shock Wave

Author

Doeppner, T., Swift, D.C., Kritcher, A.L., Bachmann, B., Collins, G.W., Chapman, D.A., Hawreliak, J., Kraus, D., Nilsen, J., Rothman, S., Benedict, L.X., Dewald, E., Fratanduono, D.E., Gaffney, J.A., Glenzer, S.H., Hamel, S., Landen, O.L., Lee, H.J., LePape, S., Ma, T., MacDonald, M.J., MacPhee, A.G., Milathianaki, D., Millot, M., Neumayer, P., Sterne, P.A., Tommasini, R., and Falcone, R.W.

Subjects
high-energy-density plasmas
Abstract

We have developed an experimental platform for the National Ignition Facility that uses spherically converging shock waves for absolute equation-of-state (EOS) measurements along the principal Hugoniot. In this Letter, we present one indirect-drive implosion experiment with a polystyrene sample that employs radiographic compression measurements over a range of shock pressures reaching up to 60 Mbar (6 TPa). This significantly exceeds previously published results obtained on the Nova laser [R. Cauble et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 1248 (1998)] at a strongly improved precision, allowing us to discriminate between different EOS models. We find excellent agreement with Kohn-Sham density-functional-theory-based molecular dynamics simulations.

Published
2018

24. Endogenous Retroviruses Transcriptional Modulation After Severe Infection, Trauma and Burn

Author

Tabone, Olivier, Mommert, Marine, Jourdan, Camille, Cerrato, Elisabeth, Legrand, Matthieu, Lepape, Alain, Allaouchiche, Bernard, Rimmelé, Thomas, Pachot, Alexandre, Monneret, Guillaume, Venet, Fabienne, Mallet, François, and Textoris, Julien

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Clinical Research, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Adult, Aged, Burns, Cohort Studies, Endogenous Retroviruses, Female, Genetic Loci, Healthy Volunteers, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Middle Aged, Monocytes, Neutrophils, Shock, Septic, Statistics, Nonparametric, Transcriptome, Wounds and Injuries, burn, endogenous retroviruses, host response, septic shock, severe inflammatory injuries, transcriptome, trauma, Immunology, Medical Microbiology, Biochemistry and cell biology
Abstract

Although human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) expression is a growing subject of interest, no study focused before on specific endogenous retroviruses loci activation in severely injured patients. Yet, HERV reactivation is observed in immunity compromised settings like some cancers and auto-immune diseases. Our objective was to assess the transcriptional modulation of HERVs in burn, trauma and septic shock patients. We analyzed HERV transcriptome with microarray data from whole blood samples of a burn cohort (n = 30), a trauma cohort (n = 105) and 2 septic shock cohorts (n = 28, n = 51), and healthy volunteers (HV, n = 60). We described expression of the 337 probesets targeting HERV from U133 plus 2.0 microarray in each dataset and then we compared HERVs transcriptional modulation of patients compared to healthy volunteers. Although all 4 cohorts contained critically ill patients, the majority of the 337 HERVs was not expressed (around 74% in mean). Each cohort had differentially expressed probesets in patients compared to HV (from 19 to 46). Strikingly, 5 HERVs were in common in all types of severely injured patients, with 4 being up-modulated in patients. We highlighted co-expressed profiles between HERV and nearby CD55 and CD300LF genes as well as autonomous HERV expression. We suggest an inflammatory-specific HERV transcriptional response, and importantly, we introduce that the HERVs close to immunity-related genes might have a role on its expression.

Published
2018

25. Safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of gremubamab (MEDI3902), an anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa bispecific human monoclonal antibody, in P. aeruginosa-colonised, mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients: a randomised controlled trial

Author

Chastre, Jean, François, Bruno, Bourgeois, Marc, Komnos, Apostolos, Ferrer, Ricard, Rahav, Galia, De Schryver, Nicolas, Lepape, Alain, Koksal, Iftihar, Luyt, Charles-Edouard, Sánchez-García, Miguel, Torres, Antoni, Eggimann, Philippe, Koulenti, Despoina, Holland, Thomas L., Ali, Omar, Shoemaker, Kathryn, Ren, Pin, Sauser, Julien, Ruzin, Alexey, Tabor, David E., Akhgar, Ahmad, Wu, Yuling, Jiang, Yu, DiGiandomenico, Antonio, Colbert, Susan, Vandamme, Drieke, Coenjaerts, Frank, Malhotra-Kumar, Surbhi, Timbermont, Leen, Oliver, Antonio, Barraud, Olivier, Bellamy, Terramika, Bonten, Marc, Goossens, Herman, Reisner, Colin, Esser, Mark T., and Jafri, Hasan S.

Published
2022
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26. Performance of 30 commercial SARS-CoV-2 serology assays in testing symptomatic COVID-19 patients

Author

Vauloup-Fellous, Christelle, Maylin, Sarah, Périllaud-Dubois, Claire, Brichler, Ségolène, Alloui, Chakib, Gordien, Emmanuel, Rameix-Welti, Marie-Anne, Gault, Elyanne, Moreau, Frédérique, Fourati, Slim, Challine, Dominique, Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel, Houhou-Fidouh, Nadhira, Damond, Florence, Mackiewicz, Vincent, Charpentier, Charlotte, Méritet, Jean-François, Rozenberg, Flore, Podglajen, Isabelle, Marot, Stéphane, Petit, Heloïse, Burrel, Sonia, Akhavan, Sepideh, Leruez-Ville, Marianne, Avettand-Fenoel, Véronique, Fourgeaud, Jacques, Guilleminot, Tiffany, Gardiennet, Elise, Bonacorsi, Stéphane, Carol, Agnès, Carcelain, Guislaine, Villemonteix, Juliette, Boukli, Narjis, Gozlan, Joël, Morand-Joubert, Laurence, Legoff, Jérome, Delaugerre, Constance, Chaix, Marie-Laure, Roque-Afonso, Ana-Maria, Dortet, Laurent, Naas, Thierry, Ronat, Jean-Baptiste, Lepape, Samuel, Marcelin, Anne-Geneviève, and Descamps, Diane

Published
2021
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27. Efficacy and safety of suvratoxumab for prevention of Staphylococcus aureus ventilator-associated pneumonia (SAATELLITE): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 pilot trial

Author

Chochrad, Didier, Dive, Alain, Foret, Frédéric, Simon, Marc, Spapen, Herbert, Creteur, Jacques, Bouckaert, Yves, Biston, Patrick, Bourgeois, Marc, Novacek, Martin, Vymazal, Tomas, Svoboda, Petr, Pachl, Jan, Sramek, Vladimir, Hanauer, Michal, Hruby, Tomas, Balik, Martin, Suchy, Tomas, Lepape, Alain, Argaud, Laurent, Dailler, Frédéric, Desachy, Arnaud, Guitton, Christophe, Mercat, Alain, Meziani, Ferhat, Navellou, Jean-Christophe, Robert, Rene, Souweine, Bertrand, Tadie, Jean-Marc, Maamar, Adel, Annane, Djillali, Tamion, Fabienne, Gros, Antoine, Nseir, Saad, Schwebel, Carole, Francony, Gilles, Lefrant, Jean-Yves, Schneider, Francis, Gründling, Matthias, Motsch, Johann, Reill, Lorenz, Rolfes, Caroline, Welte, Tobias, Cornely, Oliver, Bloos, Frank, Deja, Maria, Schmidt, Katrin, Wappler, Frank, Meier-Hellmann, Andreas, Komnos, Apostolos, Bekos, Vasileios, Koulouras, Vasilios, Soultati, Ioanna, Baltopoulos, Georgios, Filntisis, Georgios, Zakynthinos, Epaminondas, Zakynthinos, Spyros, Pnevmatikos, Ioannis, Krémer, Ildikó, Szentkereszty, Zoltán, Sarkany, Agnes, Marjanek, Zsuzsa, Moura, Pedro, Pintado Delgado, Maria Consuelo, Montejo González, Juan Carlos, Ramirez, Paula, Torres Marti, Antonio, Valia, Juan Carlos, Lorente, Jose, Loza Vazquez, Ana, De Pablo Sanchez, Raúl, Escudero, Dolores, Ferrer Roca, Ricard, Pagani, Jean-Luc, Maggiorini, Marco, François, Bruno, Jafri, Hasan S, Chastre, Jean, Sánchez-García, Miguel, Eggimann, Philippe, Dequin, Pierre-François, Huberlant, Vincent, Viña Soria, Lucia, Boulain, Thierry, Bretonnière, Cédric, Pugin, Jérôme, Trenado, Josep, Hernandez Padilla, Ana Catalina, Ali, Omar, Shoemaker, Kathryn, Ren, Pin, Coenjaerts, Frank E, Ruzin, Alexey, Barraud, Olivier, Timbermont, Leen, Lammens, Christine, Pierre, Vadryn, Wu, Yuling, Vignaud, Julie, Colbert, Susan, Bellamy, Terramika, Esser, Mark T, Dubovsky, Filip, Bonten, Marc J, Goossens, Herman, and Laterre, Pierre-François

Published
2021
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28. PRAISE: providing a roadmap for automated infection surveillance in Europe

Author

van Mourik, Maaike S.M., van Rooden, Stephanie M., Abbas, Mohamed, Aspevall, Olov, Astagneau, Pascal, Bonten, Marc J.M., Carrara, Elena, Gomila-Grange, Aina, de Greeff, Sabine C., Gubbels, Sophie, Harrison, Wendy, Humphreys, Hilary, Johansson, Anders, Koek, Mayke B.G., Kristensen, Brian, Lepape, Alain, Lucet, Jean-Christophe, Mookerjee, Siddharth, Naucler, Pontus, Palacios-Baena, Zaira R., Presterl, Elisabeth, Pujol, Miquel, Reilly, Jacqui, Roberts, Christopher, Tacconelli, Evelina, Teixeira, Daniel, Tängdén, Thomas, Valik, John Karlsson, Behnke, Michael, and Gastmeier, Petra

Published
2021
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29. Information technology aspects of large-scale implementation of automated surveillance of healthcare-associated infections

Author

van Mourik, Maaike S.M., van Rooden, Stephanie M., Abbas, Mohamed, Aspevall, Olov, Astagneau, Pascal, Bonten, Marc J.M., Carrara, Elena, Gomila-Grange, Aina, de Greeff, Sabine C., Gubbels, Sophie, Harrison, Wendy, Humphreys, Hilary, Johansson, Anders, Koek, Mayke B.G., Kristensen, Brian, Lepape, Alain, Lucet, Jean-Christophe, Mookerjee, Siddharth, Naucler, Pontus, Palacios-Baena, Zaira R., Presterl, Elisabeth, Pujol, Miquel, Reilly, Jacqui, Roberts, Christopher, Tacconelli, Evelina, Teixeira, Daniel, Tängdén, Thomas, Valik, John Karlsson, Behnke, Michael, and Gastmeier, Petra

Published
2021
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30. Association between mortality and highly antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia

Author

Ines Lakbar, Sophie Medam, Romain Ronflé, Nadim Cassir, Louis Delamarre, Emmanuelle Hammad, Alexandre Lopez, Alain Lepape, Anaïs Machut, Mohamed Boucekine, Laurent Zieleskiewicz, Karine Baumstarck, Anne Savey, Marc Leone, and REA RAISIN Study Group

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Data on the relationship between antimicrobial resistance and mortality remain scarce, and this relationship needs to be investigated in intensive care units (ICUs). The aim of this study was to compare the ICU mortality rates between patients with ICU-acquired pneumonia due to highly antimicrobial-resistant (HAMR) bacteria and those with ICU-acquired pneumonia due to non-HAMR bacteria. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study using the French National Surveillance Network for Healthcare Associated Infection in ICUs (“REA-Raisin”) database, gathering data from 200 ICUs from January 2007 to December 2016. We assessed all adult patients who were hospitalized for at least 48 h and presented with ICU-acquired pneumonia caused by S. aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa, or A. baumannii. The association between pneumonia caused by HAMR bacteria and ICU mortality was analyzed using the whole sample and using a 1:2 matched sample. Among the 18,497 patients with at least one documented case of ICU-acquired pneumonia caused by S. aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa, or A. baumannii, 3081 (16.4%) had HAMR bacteria. The HAMR group was associated with increased ICU mortality (40.3% vs. 30%, odds ratio (OR) 95%, CI 1.57 [1.45–1.70], P

Published
2021
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31. Transport of laser accelerated proton beams and isochoric heating of matter

Author

Roth, M., Alber, I., Bagnoud, V., Brown, C., Clarke, R., Daido, H., Fernandez, J., Flippo, K., Gaillard, S., Gauthier, C., Glenzer, S., Gregori, G., Günther, M., Harres, K., Heathcote, R., Kritcher, A., Kugland, N., LePape, S., Li, B., Makita, M., Mithen, J., Niemann, C., Nürnberg, F., Offermann, D., Otten, A., Pelka, A., Riley, D., Schaumann, G., Schollmeier, M., Schütrumpf, J., Tampo, M., Tauschwitz, A., Tauschwitz, A. N., Roth, M., Alber, I., Bagnoud, V., Brown, C., Clarke, R., Daido, H., Fernandez, J., Flippo, K., Gaillard, S., Gauthier, C., Glenzer, S., Gregori, G., Günther, M., Harres, K., Heathcote, R., Kritcher, A., Kugland, N., LePape, S., Li, B., Makita, M., Mithen, J., Niemann, C., Nürnberg, F., Offermann, D., Otten, A., Pelka, A., Riley, D., Schaumann, G., Schollmeier, M., Schütrumpf, J., Tampo, M., Tauschwitz, A., and Tauschwitz, A. N.

Abstract

The acceleration of intense proton and ion beams by ultra-intense lasers has matured to a point where applications in basic research and technology are being developed. Crucial for harvesting the unmatched beam parameters driven by the relativistic electron sheath is the precise control of the beam. We report on recent experiments using the PHELIX laser at GSI, the VULCAN laser at RAL and the TRIDENT laser at LANL to control and use laser accelerated proton beams for applications in high energy density research. We demonstrate efficient collimation of the proton beam using high field pulsed solenoid magnets, a prerequisite to capture and transport the beam for applications. Furthermore we report on two campaigns to use intense, short proton bunches to isochorically heat solid targets up to the warm dense matter state. The temporal profile of the proton beam allows for rapid heating of the target, much faster than the hydrodynamic response time thereby creating a strongly coupled plasma at solid density. The target parameters are then probed by X-ray Thomson scattering (XRTS) to reveal the density and temperature of the heated volume. This combination of two powerful techniques developed during the past few years allows for the generation and investigation of macroscopic samples of matter in states present in giant planets or the interior of the earth.

Published
2024

32. Respiratory response to finger clamping in dogs under general anesthesia: A descriptive pilot study

Author

Lepape Sylvain, Sredensek Jerneja, and Portier Karine

Subjects
nociception, Drive, Timing, dog, anesthesia, ventilation, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Aim of the studyThe aim of this study was to assess the effects of a nociceptive stimulus on respiratory variables in anesthetized dogs.Material and methodEleven dogs received acepromazine administered intramuscularly (IM) at a dose of 0.04 mg kg−1 45 mins before induction of anesthesia. Loss of consciousness was obtained with midazolam at 0.2 mg kg−1 and propofol administered at a dose of 2 mg kg−1 intravenously (IV). Orotracheal intubation was performed and anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. Inspired (VTi) and expired (VTe) tidal volume (VT), minute volume (VM), inspiratory and expiratory time (Ti; Te) were measured and recorded twice a second by a spirometer. The Drive (VT/Ti) and Timing [Ti/(Ti+ Te)] were calculated.After stabilizing the depth of anesthesia the variables measured by the spirometer were recorded for 5 mins [T0−5-T0]. Then (T0) interdigital clamping of the hind leg was performed until a withdrawal movement was observed. If no reaction occurred, the clamp was left in place for 60s. After removal of the clamp, respiratory variables were measured continuously for another 5 mins [T0-T0+5]. At T0+5 morphine (0.2 mg kg−1 IV) was administered. Five minutes later (T0+10), a second clamp test was performed, using the same procedure. At T0+15 the data recording was stopped.ResultThe results showed a large variation in the individual values of Drive and Timing and are presented in a descriptive manner. The observation of Drive values over time showed variations following nociceptive stimuli. Drive appears to have increased only for those dogs that did not move during the stimulus, and were therefore pinched for a full 60 s. In contrast, the study of the Timing values revealed no difference between the data before and after nociceptive stimulation. However Timing seems to increase after morphine administration.ConclusionDrive remains a parameter that needs to be studied in depth to determine its sensitivity and precocity to monitor acute nociception.

Published
2022
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33. Serial measurement of pancreatic stone protein for the early detection of sepsis in intensive care unit patients: a prospective multicentric study

Author

Jérôme Pugin, Thomas Daix, Jean-Luc Pagani, Davide Morri, Angelo Giacomucci, Pierre-François Dequin, Christophe Guitton, Yok-Ai Que, Gianluca Zani, David Brealey, Alain Lepape, Ben Creagh-Brown, Duncan Wyncoll, Daniela Silengo, Irina Irincheeva, Laurie Girard, Fabien Rebeaud, Iwan Maerki, Philippe Eggimann, and Bruno François

Subjects
Pancreatic stone protein, Sepsis, Diagnostic, Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, Biomarker, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Abstract Background The early recognition and management of sepsis improves outcomes. Biomarkers may help in identifying earlier sub-clinical signs of sepsis. We explored the potential of serial measurements of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and pancreatic stone protein (PSP) for the early recognition of sepsis in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods This was a multicentric international prospective observational clinical study conducted in 14 ICUs in France, Switzerland, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Adult ICU patients at risk of nosocomial sepsis were included. A biomarker-blinded adjudication committee identified sepsis events and the days on which they began. The association of clinical sepsis diagnoses with the trajectories of PSP, CRP, and PCT in the 3 days preceding these diagnoses of sepsis were tested for markers of early sepsis detection. The performance of the biomarkers in sepsis diagnosis was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results Of the 243 patients included, 53 developed nosocomial sepsis after a median of 6 days (interquartile range, 3–8 days). Clinical sepsis diagnosis was associated with an increase in biomarkers value over the 3 days preceding this diagnosis [PSP (p = 0.003), PCT (p = 0.025) and CRP (p = 0.009)]. PSP started to increase 5 days before the clinical diagnosis of sepsis, PCT 3 and CRP 2 days, respectively. The area under the ROC curve at the time of clinical sepsis was similar for all markers (PSP, 0.75; CRP, 0.77; PCT, 0.75). Conclusions While the diagnostic accuracy of PSP, CRP and PCT for sepsis were similar in this cohort, serial PSP measurement demonstrated an increase of this marker the days preceding the onset of signs necessary to clinical diagnose sepsis. This observation justifies further evaluation of the potential clinical benefit of serial PSP measurement in the management of critically ill patients developing nosocomial sepsis. Trial registration The study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (no. NCT03474809), on March 16, 2018. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03474809?term=NCT03474809&draw=2&rank=1 .

Published
2021
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34. Optimization of capsule dopant levels to improve fuel areal density*

Author

Hinkel, D.E., Döppner, T., Masse, L.P., Widmann, K., Divol, L., Bachmann, B., Berzak Hopkins, L.F., LePape, S., Weber, C.R., MacLaren, S.A., Zylstra, A.B., Ralph, J.E., Benedetti, L.R., Moore, A.S., Thomas, C.A., Casey, D.T., Smalyuk, V.A., Robey, H.F., Celliers, P.M., MacDonald, M.J., Krauland, C.M., Thorn, D.B., Rosen, M.D., Patel, P.K., MacGowan, B.J., Schneider, M.B., Clark, D.S., Pak, A.E., Edwards, M.J., Landen, O.L., Callahan, D.A., and Hurricane, O.A.

Published
2020
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35. Recent and planned hydrodynamic instability experiments on indirect-drive implosions on the National Ignition Facility

Author

Smalyuk, V.A., Weber, C.R., Landen, O.L., Ali, S., Bachmann, B., Celliers, P.M., Dewald, E., Fernandez, A., Hammel, B.A., Hall, G., MacPhee, A.G., Pickworth, L., Robey, H.F., Alfonso, N., Baker, K.L., Hopkins, L.F. Berzak, Carlson, L., Casey, D.T., Clark, D.S., Crippen, J., Divol, L., Döppner, T., Edwards, J., Farrell, M., Felker, S., Field, J.E., Haan, S.W., Hamza, A.V., Havre, M., Herrmann, M.C., Hsing, W.W., Khan, S., Kline, J., Kroll, J.J., LePape, S., Loomis, E., MacGowan, B.J., Martinez, D., Masse, L., Mauldin, M., Milovich, J.L., Moore, A.S., Nikroo, A., Pak, A., Patel, P.K., Peterson, J.L., Raman, K., Remington, B.A., Rice, N., Schoff, M., Stadermann, M., and Yi, S.A.

Published
2020
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36. Yield and compression trends and reproducibility at NIF*

Author

Landen, O.L., Casey, D.T., DiNicola, J.M., Doeppner, T., Hartouni, E.P., Hinkel, D.E., Berzak Hopkins, L.F., Hohenberger, M., Kritcher, A.L., LePape, S., MacGowan, B.J., Maclaren, S., Meaney, K.D., Millot, M., Patel, P.K., Park, J., Pickworth, L.A., Robey, H.F., Ross, J.S., Yang, S.T., Zylstra, A.B., Baker, K.L., Callahan, D.A., Celliers, P.M., Edwards, M.J., Hurricane, O.A., Lindl, J.D., Moody, J.D., Ralph, J., Smalyuk, V.A., Thomas, C.A., Van Wonterghem, B.M., and Weber, C.R.

Published
2020
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37. A new simplified and accurate sa-SOFA score

Author

Vacheron, Charles-Hervé, Friggeri, Arnaud, Iwaz, Jean, Allaouchiche, Bernard, Bohe, Julien, Monneret, Guillaume, Venet, Fabienne, Cour, Martin, Argaud, Laurent, Aubrun, Frédéric, Rimmele, Thomas, Pachot, Alexandre, Piriou, Vincent, Lepape, Alain, and Maucort-Boulch, Delphine

Published
2020
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40. Expert consensus-based clinical practice guidelines management of intravascular catheters in the intensive care unit

Author

Jean-François Timsit, Julien Baleine, Louis Bernard, Silvia Calvino-Gunther, Michael Darmon, Jean Dellamonica, Eric Desruennes, Marc Leone, Alain Lepape, Olivier Leroy, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Zied Merchaoui, Olivier Mimoz, Benoit Misset, Jean-Jacques Parienti, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Antoine Roch, Matthieu Schmidt, Michel Slama, Bertrand Souweine, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Walter Zingg, Laetitia Bodet-Contentin, and Virginie Maxime

Subjects
Catheter, Critically ill, Sepsis, Infection, Bacteremia, Prevention, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Abstract The French Society of Intensive Care Medicine (SRLF), jointly with the French-Speaking Group of Paediatric Emergency Rooms and Intensive Care Units (GFRUP) and the French-Speaking Association of Paediatric Surgical Intensivists (ADARPEF), worked out guidelines for the management of central venous catheters (CVC), arterial catheters and dialysis catheters in intensive care unit. For adult patients: Using GRADE methodology, 36 recommendations for an improved catheter management were produced by the 22 experts. Recommendations regarding catheter-related infections’ prevention included the preferential use of subclavian central vein (GRADE 1), a one-step skin disinfection(GRADE 1) using 2% chlorhexidine (CHG)-alcohol (GRADE 1), and the implementation of a quality of care improvement program. Antiseptic- or antibiotic-impregnated CVC should likely not be used (GRADE 2, for children and adults). Catheter dressings should likely not be changed before the 7th day, except when the dressing gets detached, soiled or impregnated with blood (GRADE 2− adults). CHG dressings should likely be used (GRADE 2+). For adults and children, ultrasound guidance should be used to reduce mechanical complications in case of internal jugular access (GRADE 1), subclavian access (Grade 2) and femoral venous, arterial radial and femoral access (Expert opinion). For children, an ultrasound-guided supraclavicular approach of the brachiocephalic vein was recommended to reduce the number of attempts for cannulation and mechanical complications. Based on scarce publications on diagnostic and therapeutic strategies and on their experience (expert opinion), the panel proposed definitions, and therapeutic strategies.

Published
2020
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41. Dynamic LTR retrotransposon transcriptome landscape in septic shock patients

Author

Marine Mommert, Olivier Tabone, Audrey Guichard, Guy Oriol, Elisabeth Cerrato, Mélanie Denizot, Valérie Cheynet, Alexandre Pachot, Alain Lepape, Guillaume Monneret, Fabienne Venet, Karen Brengel-Pesce, Julien Textoris, François Mallet, MIPrea Study Group, and REALISM Study Group

Subjects
HERV transcriptome, Whole blood, Septic shock patients, mHLA-DR expression, Immunosuppression, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Abstract Background Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Numerous studies have explored the complex and dynamic transcriptome modulations observed in sepsis patients, but a large fraction of the transcriptome remains unexplored. This fraction could provide information to better understand sepsis pathophysiology. Multiple levels of interaction between human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) and the immune response have led us to hypothesize that sepsis is associated with HERV transcription and that HERVs may contribute to a signature among septic patients allowing stratification and personalized management. Methods We used a high-density microarray and RT-qPCR to evaluate the HERV and Mammalian Apparent Long Terminal Repeat retrotransposons (MaLR) transcriptome in a pilot study that included 20 selected septic shock patients, stratified on mHLA-DR expression, with samples collected on day 1 and day 3 after inclusion. We validated the results in an unselected, independent cohort that included 100 septic shock patients on day 3 after inclusion. We compared septic shock patients, according to their immune status, to describe the transcriptional HERV/MaLR and conventional gene expression. For differential expression analyses, moderated t tests were performed and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to analyze RT-qPCR results. Results We showed that 6.9% of the HERV/MaLR repertoire was transcribed in the whole blood, and septic shock was associated with an early modulation of a few thousand of these loci, in comparison to healthy volunteers. We provided evidence that a subset of HERV/MaLR and conventional genes were differentially expressed in septic shock patients, according to their immune status, using monocyte HLA-DR (mHLA-DR) expression as a proxy. A group of 193 differentially expressed HERV/MaLR probesets, tested in an independent septic shock cohort, identified two groups of patients with different immune status and severity features. Conclusion We demonstrated that a large, unexplored part of our genome, which codes for HERV/MaLR, may be linked to the host immune response. The identified set of HERV/MaLR probesets should be evaluated on a large scale to assess the relevance of these loci in the stratification of septic shock patients. This may help to address the heterogeneity of these patients.

Published
2020
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42. European intensive care physicians’ experience of infections due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria

Author

Alain Lepape, Astrid Jean, Jan De Waele, Arnaud Friggeri, Anne Savey, Philippe Vanhems, Marie Paule Gustin, Dominique L. Monnet, José Garnacho-Montero, and Anke Kohlenberg

Subjects
Antimicrobial resistance, Intensive care, Antimicrobial treatment, Third-generation-cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) compromises the treatment of patients with serious infections in intensive care units (ICUs), and intensive care physicians are increasingly facing patients with bacterial infections with limited or no adequate therapeutic options. A survey was conducted to assess the intensive care physicians’ perception of the AMR situation in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA). Methods Between May and July 2017, physicians working in European ICUs were invited to complete an online questionnaire hosted by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. The survey included 20 questions on hospital and ICU characteristics, frequency of infections with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and relevance of AMR in the respondent’s ICU, management of antimicrobial treatment as well as the use of last-line antibiotics in the six months preceding the survey. For the analysis of regional differences, EU/EEA countries were grouped into the four sub-regions of Eastern, Northern, Southern and Western Europe. Results Overall, 1062 responses from four European sub-regions were analysed. Infections with MDR bacteria in their ICU were rated as a major problem by 257 (24.2%), moderate problem by 360 (33.9%) and minor problem by 391 (36.8%) respondents. Third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were the most frequently encountered MDR bacteria followed by, in order of decreasing frequency, meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Perception of the relevance of the AMR problem and the frequency of specific MDR bacteria varied by European sub-region. Bacteria resistant to all or almost all available antibiotics were encountered by 132 (12.4%) respondents. Many physicians reported not having access to specific last-line antibiotics. Conclusions The percentage of European ICU physicians perceiving AMR as a substantial problem in their ICU is high with variation by sub-region in line with epidemiological studies. The reports of bacteria resistant to almost all available antibiotics and the limited availability of last-line antibiotics in ICUs in the EU/EEA are of concern.

Published
2020
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43. Raman backscatter as a remote laser power sensor in high-energy-density plasmas

Author

Moody, J. D., Strozzi, D. J., Divol, L., Michel, P., Robey, H. F., LePape, S., Ralph, J., Ross, J. S., Glenzer, S. H., Kirkwood, R. K., Landen, O. L., MacGowan, B. J., Nikroo, A., and Williams, E. A.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Stimulated Raman backscatter (SRS) is used as a remote sensor to quantify the instantaneous laser power after transfer from outer to inner cones that cross in a National Ignition Facility (NIF) gas-filled hohlraum plasma. By matching SRS between a shot reducing outer vs a shot reducing inner power we infer that ~half of the incident outer-cone power is transferred to inner cones, for the specific time and wavelength configuration studied. This is the first instantaneous non-disruptive measure of power transfer in an indirect drive NIF experiment using optical measurements., Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures

Published
2013
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44. Herpes DNAemia and TTV Viraemia in Intensive Care Unit Critically Ill Patients: A Single-Centre Prospective Longitudinal Study

Author

François Mallet, Léa Diouf, Boris Meunier, Magali Perret, Frédéric Reynier, Philippe Leissner, Laurence Quemeneur, Andrew D. Griffiths, Virginie Moucadel, Alexandre Pachot, Fabienne Venet, Guillaume Monneret, Alain Lepape, Thomas Rimmelé, Lionel K. Tan, Karen Brengel-Pesce, and Julien Textoris

Subjects
herpesviruses, TTV, intensive care unit, sepsis, mortality, acquired infection, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

IntroductionWe analysed blood DNAemia of TTV and four herpesviruses (CMV, EBV, HHV6, and HSV-1) in the REAnimation Low Immune Status Marker (REALISM) cohort of critically ill patients who had presented with either sepsis, burns, severe trauma, or major surgery. The aim was to identify common features related to virus and injury-associated pathologies and specific features linking one or several viruses to a particular pathological context.MethodsOverall and individual viral DNAemia were measured over a month using quantitative PCR assays from the 377 patients in the REALISM cohort. These patients were characterised by clinical outcomes [severity scores, mortality, Intensive Care Unit (ICU)-acquired infection (IAI)] and 48 parameters defining their host response after injury (cell populations, immune functional assays, and biomarkers). Association between viraemic event and clinical outcomes or immune markers was assessed using χ2-test or exact Fisher’s test for qualitative variables and Wilcoxon test for continuous variables.ResultsThe cumulative incidence of viral DNAemia increased from below 4% at ICU admission to 35% for each herpesvirus during the first month. EBV, HSV1, HHV6, and CMV were detected in 18%, 12%, 10%, and 9% of patients, respectively. The incidence of high TTV viraemia (>10,000 copies/ml) increased from 11% to 15% during the same period. Herpesvirus viraemia was associated with severity at admission; CMV and HHV6 viraemia correlated with mortality during the first week and over the month. The presence of individual herpesvirus during the first month was significantly associated (p < 0.001) with the occurrence of IAI, whilst herpesvirus DNAemia coupled with high TTV viraemia during the very first week was associated with IAI. Herpesvirus viraemia was associated with a lasting exacerbated host immune response, with concurrent profound immune suppression and hyper inflammation, and delayed return to immune homeostasis. The percentage of patients presenting with herpesvirus DNAemia was significantly higher in sepsis than in all other groups. Primary infection in the hospital and high IL10 levels might favour EBV and CMV reactivation.ConclusionIn this cohort of ICU patients, phenotypic differences were observed between TTV and herpesviruses DNAemia. The higher prevalence of herpesvirus DNAemia in sepsis hints at further studies that may enable a better in vivo understanding of host determinants of herpesvirus viral reactivation. Furthermore, our data suggest that EBV and TTV may be useful as additional markers to predict clinical deterioration in ICU patients.

Published
2021
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45. Serial measurement of pancreatic stone protein for the early detection of sepsis in intensive care unit patients: a prospective multicentric study

Author

Pugin, Jérôme, Daix, Thomas, Pagani, Jean-Luc, Morri, Davide, Giacomucci, Angelo, Dequin, Pierre-François, Guitton, Christophe, Que, Yok-Ai, Zani, Gianluca, Brealey, David, Lepape, Alain, Creagh-Brown, Ben, Wyncoll, Duncan, Silengo, Daniela, Irincheeva, Irina, Girard, Laurie, Rebeaud, Fabien, Maerki, Iwan, Eggimann, Philippe, and François, Bruno

Published
2021
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50. Risk factors associated with day-30 mortality in patients over 60 years old admitted in ICU for severe COVID-19: the Senior-COVID-Rea Multicentre Survey protocol

Author

Thomas Rimmele, Julien Berthiller, Anne-Claire Lukaszewicz, Laurent Jallades, Jean-Baptiste Pialat, Céline Monard, Laurent Argaud, Christophe Leroy, Vincent Collange, Arnaud Friggeri, Mélanie Roche, Christine Ravot, Amélie Malapert, Max Haïne, David Dayde, Claire Falandry, Marie Simon, Céline Guichon, Paul Abraham, Fabien Subtil, Camille Boin, Justine Dubreuil, Laurent Bitker, Baptiste Balança, Sylvie Goutte, Emilie Gadea, Alain Lepape, Fabrice Thiollière, Hodane Yonis, Antoine Garnier-Crussard, Loredana Baboi, Valérie Cerro, Carlos El Khoury, Emilie Gadéa-Deschamps, Marie-Catherine Fromont, Audrey Gelot, Anthéa Loïez, Maya Perrou, Laetitia Paradisi-Prieur, Marion Provent, Gulsum Sahin, Ghyslaine Thao, and Marine Thieux

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Introduction With the spread of COVID-19 epidemic, health plans must be adapted continuously. There is an urgent need to define the best care courses of patients with COVID-19, especially in intensive care units (ICUs), according to their individualised benefit/risk ratio. Since older age is associated with poorer short-term and long-term outcomes, prediction models are needed, that may assist clinicians in their ICU admission decision. Senior-COVID-Rea was designed to evaluate, in patients over 60 years old admitted in ICU for severe COVID-19 disease, the impact of age and geriatric and paraclinical parameters on their mortality 30 days after ICU admission.Methods and analysis This is a multicentre survey protocol to be conducted in seven hospitals of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, France. All patients over 60 years old admitted in ICU for severe COVID-19 infection (or their legally acceptable representative) will be proposed to enter the study and to fill in a questionnaire regarding their functional and nutritional parameters 1 month before COVID-19 infection. Paraclinical parameters at ICU admission will be collected: lymphocytes and neutrophils counts, high-fluorescent lymphoid cells and immature granulocytes percentages (Sysmex data), D-dimers, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine, CT scan for lung extension rate as well as clinical resuscitation scores, and the delay between the first signs of infection and ICU admission. The primary outcome will be the overall survival at day 30 post-ICU admission. The analysis of factors predicting mortality at day 30 will be carried out using univariate and multivariate logistic regressions. Multivariate logistic regression will consider up to 15 factors.The ambition of this trial, which takes into account the different approaches of geriatric vulnerability, is to define the respective abilities of different operational criteria of frailty to predict patients’ outcomes.Ethics and dissemination The study protocol was ethically approved. The results of the primary and secondary objectives will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration number NCT04422340.

Published
2021
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