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1. Cover

Author

A. Lamontagne, Roger

Published
2001

5. Avant-propos

Author

A. Lamontagne, Roger

Published
2001

20. Brain aging patterns in a large and diverse cohort of 49,482 individuals.

Author

Yang, Zhijian, Wen, Junhao, Erus, Guray, Govindarajan, Sindhuja, Melhem, Randa, Mamourian, Elizabeth, Cui, Yuhan, Srinivasan, Dhivya, Abdulkadir, Ahmed, Parmpi, Paraskevi, Wittfeld, Katharina, Grabe, Hans, Bülow, Robin, Frenzel, Stefan, Tosun, Duygu, Bilgel, Murat, An, Yang, Yi, Dahyun, Marcus, Daniel, LaMontagne, Pamela, Benzinger, Tammie, Heckbert, Susan, Austin, Thomas, Waldstein, Shari, Evans, Michele, Zonderman, Alan, Launer, Lenore, Sotiras, Aristeidis, Espeland, Mark, Masters, Colin, Maruff, Paul, Fripp, Jurgen, Toga, Arthur, OBryant, Sid, Chakravarty, Mallar, Villeneuve, Sylvia, Johnson, Sterling, Morris, John, Albert, Marilyn, Yaffe, Kristine, Völzke, Henry, Ferrucci, Luigi, Nick Bryan, R, Shinohara, Russell, Fan, Yong, Habes, Mohamad, Lalousis, Paris, Koutsouleris, Nikolaos, Wolk, David, Resnick, Susan, Shou, Haochang, Nasrallah, Ilya, and Davatzikos, Christos

Subjects
Humans, Brain, Aging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Female, Aged, Cohort Studies, Middle Aged, Atrophy, Life Style, Adult, Aged, 80 and over
Abstract

Brain aging process is influenced by various lifestyle, environmental and genetic factors, as well as by age-related and often coexisting pathologies. Magnetic resonance imaging and artificial intelligence methods have been instrumental in understanding neuroanatomical changes that occur during aging. Large, diverse population studies enable identifying comprehensive and representative brain change patterns resulting from distinct but overlapping pathological and biological factors, revealing intersections and heterogeneity in affected brain regions and clinical phenotypes. Herein, we leverage a state-of-the-art deep-representation learning method, Surreal-GAN, and present methodological advances and extensive experimental results elucidating brain aging heterogeneity in a cohort of 49,482 individuals from 11 studies. Five dominant patterns of brain atrophy were identified and quantified for each individual by respective measures, R-indices. Their associations with biomedical, lifestyle and genetic factors provide insights into the etiology of observed variances, suggesting their potential as brain endophenotypes for genetic and lifestyle risks. Furthermore, baseline R-indices predict disease progression and mortality, capturing early changes as supplementary prognostic markers. These R-indices establish a dimensional approach to measuring aging trajectories and related brain changes. They hold promise for precise diagnostics, especially at preclinical stages, facilitating personalized patient management and targeted clinical trial recruitment based on specific brain endophenotypic expression and prognosis.

Published
2024

21. The Relationship Between Maturation Size and Maximum Tree Size From Tropical to Boreal Climates

Author

Journé, Valentin, Bogdziewicz, Michał, Courbaud, Benoit, Kunstler, Georges, Qiu, Tong, Acuña, Marie‐Claire Aravena, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Berveiller, Daniel, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Caignard, Thomas, Cailleret, Maxime, Calama, Rafael, Camarero, J Julio, Chang‐Yang, Chia‐Hao, Chave, Jerome, Chianucci, Francesco, Curt, Thomas, Cutini, Andrea, Das, Adrian, Daskalakou, Evangelia, Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep Maria, Farfan‐Rios, William, Fenner, Michael, Franklin, Jerry, Gehring, Catherine, Gilbert, Gregory, Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guignabert, Arthur, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket‐Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Hanley, Mick E, Lambers, Janneke Hille Ris, Holík, Jan, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill F, Knops, Johannes MH, Kobe, Richard K, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Lageard, Jonathan, LaMontagne, Jalene, Ledwon, Mateusz, Lefèvre, François, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean‐Marc, Lutz, James, Macias, Diana, Mårell, Anders, McIntire, Eliot, Moran, Emily V, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan, Nagel, Thomas A, Naoe, Shoji, Noguchi, Mahoko, Norghauer, Julian, Oguro, Michio, Ourcival, Jean‐Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian, Pérez‐Ramos, Ignacio M, Piechnik, Łukasz, Podgórski, Tomasz, Poulsen, John, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Samonil, Pavel, Scher, C Lane, Schlesinger, William H, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Shibata, Mitsue, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael, Stephenson, Nathan, Straub, Jacob, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J, Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A, Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Whipple, Amy, Whitham, Thomas, Wright, S Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess, Żywiec, Magdalena, and Clark, James S

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Ecology, Trees, Tropical Climate, Climate Change, Reproduction, Forests, allometry, life history, seed production, size, tree fecundity, tree maturation, Ecological Applications, Evolutionary Biology, Ecological applications, Environmental management
Abstract

The fundamental trade-off between current and future reproduction has long been considered to result in a tendency for species that can grow large to begin reproduction at a larger size. Due to the prolonged time required to reach maturity, estimates of tree maturation size remain very rare and we lack a global view on the generality and the shape of this trade-off. Using seed production from five continents, we estimate tree maturation sizes for 486 tree species spanning tropical to boreal climates. Results show that a species' maturation size increases with maximum size, but in a non-proportional way: the largest species begin reproduction at smaller sizes than would be expected if maturation were simply proportional to maximum size. Furthermore, the decrease in relative maturation size is steepest in cold climates. These findings on maturation size drivers are key to accurately represent forests' responses to disturbance and climate change.

Published
2024

22. Global subterranean estuaries modify groundwater nutrient loading to the ocean

Author

Wilson, Stephanie J, Moody, Amy, McKenzie, Tristan, Cardenas, M Bayani, Luijendijk, Elco, Sawyer, Audrey H, Wilson, Alicia, Michael, Holly A, Xu, Bochao, Knee, Karen L, Cho, Hyung‐Mi, Weinstein, Yishai, Paytan, Adina, Moosdorf, Nils, Chen, Chen‐Tung Aurthur, Beck, Melanie, Lopez, Cody, Murgulet, Dorina, Kim, Guebuem, Charette, Mathew A, Waska, Hannelore, Ibánhez, J Severino P, Chaillou, Gwénaëlle, Oehler, Till, Onodera, Shin‐ichi, Saito, Mitsuyo, Rodellas, Valenti, Dimova, Natasha, Montiel, Daniel, Dulai, Henrietta, Richardson, Christina, Du, Jinzhou, Petermann, Eric, Chen, Xiaogang, Davis, Kay L, Lamontagne, Sebastien, Sugimoto, Ryo, Wang, Guizhi, Li, Hailong, Torres, Américo I, Demir, Cansu, Bristol, Emily, Connolly, Craig T, McClelland, James W, Silva, Brenno J, Tait, Douglas, Kumar, BSK, Viswanadham, R, Sarma, VVSS, Silva‐Filho, Emmanoel, Shiller, Alan, Lecher, Alanna, Tamborski, Joseph, Bokuniewicz, Henry, Rocha, Carlos, Reckhardt, Anja, Böttcher, Michael Ernst, Jiang, Shan, Stieglitz, Thomas, Gbewezoun, Houégnon Géraud Vinel, Charbonnier, Céline, Anschutz, Pierre, Hernández‐Terrones, Laura M, Babu, Suresh, Szymczycha, Beata, Sadat‐Noori, Mahmood, Niencheski, Felipe, Null, Kimberly, Tobias, Craig, Song, Bongkeun, Anderson, Iris C, and Santos, Isaac R

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Oceanography
Abstract

Abstract: Terrestrial groundwater travels through subterranean estuaries before reaching the sea. Groundwater‐derived nutrients drive coastal water quality, primary production, and eutrophication. We determined how dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) are transformed within subterranean estuaries and estimated submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) nutrient loads compiling > 10,000 groundwater samples from 216 sites worldwide. Nutrients exhibited complex, nonconservative behavior in subterranean estuaries. Fresh groundwater DIN and DIP are usually produced, and DON is consumed during transport. Median total SGD (saline and fresh) fluxes globally were 5.4, 2.6, and 0.18 Tmol yr−1 for DIN, DON, and DIP, respectively. Despite large natural variability, total SGD fluxes likely exceed global riverine nutrient export. Fresh SGD is a small source of new nutrients, but saline SGD is an important source of mostly recycled nutrients. Nutrients exported via SGD via subterranean estuaries are critical to coastal biogeochemistry and a significant nutrient source to the oceans.

Published
2024

23. NIRPS first light and early science: breaking the 1 m/s RV precision barrier at infrared wavelengths

Author

Artigau, Étienne, Bouchy, François, Doyon, René, Baron, Frédérique, Malo, Lison, Wildi, François, Pepe, Franceso, Cook, Neil J., Thibault, Simon, Reshetov, Vladimir, Dumusque, Xavier, Lovis, Christophe, Sosnowska, Danuta, Martins, Bruno L. Canto, De Medeiros, Jose Renan, Delfosse, Xavier, Santos, Nuno, Rebolo, Rafael, Abreu, Manuel, Allain, Guillaume, Allart, Romain, Auger, Hugues, Barros, Susana, Bazinet, Luc, Blind, Nicolas, Boisse, Isabelle, Bonfils, Xavier, Bourrier, Vincent, Bovay, Sébastien, Broeg, Christopher, Brousseau, Denis, Bruniquel, Vincent, Cabral, Alexandre, Cadieux, Charles, Carmona, Andres, Carteret, Yann, Challita, Zalpha, Chazelas, Bruno, Cloutier, Ryan, Coelho, João, Cointepas, Marion, Conod, Uriel, Cowan, Nicolas, Cristo, Eduardo, da Silva, João Gomes, Dauplaise, Laurie, Gomes, Roseane de Lima, Delgado-Mena, Elisa, Ehrenreich, David, Faria, João, Figueira, Pedro, Forveille, Thierry, Frensch, Yolanda, Gagné, Jonathan, Genest, Frédéric, Genolet, Ludovic, Hernández, Jonay I. González, Témich, Félix Gracia, Grieves, Nolan, Hernandez, Olivier, Hobson, Melissa J., Hoeijmakers, Jens, Kerley, Dan, Krishnamurthy, Vigneshwaran, Lafrenière, David, Lamontagne, Pierrot, Larue, Pierre, Leaf, Henry, Leão, Izan C., Lim, Olivia, Curto, Gaspare Lo, Martins, Allan M., Melo, Claudio, Messias, Yuri S., Mignon, Lucile, Moranta, Leslie, Mordasini, Christoph, Moulla, Khaled Al, Mounzer, Dany, L'Heureux, Alexandrine, Nari, Nicola, Nielsen, Louise, Osborn, Ares, Parc, Léna, Pasquini, Luca, Passegger, Vera M., Pelletier, Stefan, Peroux, Céline, Piaulet, Caroline, Plotnykov, Mykhaylo, Poulin-Girard, Anne-Sophie, Rasilla, José Luis, Saint-Antoine, Jonathan, Sarajlic, Mirsad, Segovia, Alex, Seidel, Julia, Ségransan, Damien, Silva, Ana Rita Costa, Srivastava, Avidaan, Stefanov, Atanas K., Mascareño, Alejandro Suárez, Sordet, Michael, Teixeira, Márcio A., Udry, Stéphane, Valencia, Diana, Vallée, Philippe, Vandal, Thomas, Vaulato, Valentina, Wade, Gregg, Wardenier, Joost P., Wehbé, Bachar, Weisserman, Drew, Wevers, Ivan, and Zins, Gérard

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The Near-InfraRed Planet Searcher or NIRPS is a precision radial velocity spectrograph developed through collaborative efforts among laboratories in Switzerland, Canada, Brazil, France, Portugal and Spain. NIRPS extends to the 0.98-1.8 $\mu$m domain of the pioneering HARPS instrument at the La Silla 3.6-m telescope in Chile and it has achieved unparalleled precision, measuring stellar radial velocities in the infrared with accuracy better than 1 m/s. NIRPS can be used either stand-alone or simultaneously with HARPS. Commissioned in late 2022 and early 2023, NIRPS embarked on a 5-year Guaranteed Time Observation (GTO) program in April 2023, spanning 720 observing nights. This program focuses on planetary systems around M dwarfs, encompassing both the immediate solar vicinity and transit follow-ups, alongside transit and emission spectroscopy observations. We highlight NIRPS's current performances and the insights gained during its deployment at the telescope. The lessons learned and successes achieved contribute to the ongoing advancement of precision radial velocity measurements and high spectral fidelity, further solidifying NIRPS' role in the forefront of the field of exoplanets., Comment: Proceeding at the SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation conference [Yokohama,Japan; June 2024]

Published
2024

24. The Round Complexity of Proofs in the Bounded Quantum Storage Model

Author

Grilo, Alex B. and Lamontagne, Philippe

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Computer Science - Computational Complexity, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract

The round complexity of interactive proof systems is a key question of practical and theoretical relevance in complexity theory and cryptography. Moreover, results such as QIP = QIP(3) (STOC'00) show that quantum resources significantly help in such a task. In this work, we initiate the study of round compression of protocols in the bounded quantum storage model (BQSM). In this model, the malicious parties have a bounded quantum memory and they cannot store the all the qubits that are transmitted in the protocol. Our main results in this setting are the following: 1. There is a non-interactive (statistical) witness indistinguishable proof for any language in NP (and even QMA) in BQSM in the plain model. We notice that in this protocol, only the memory of the verifier is bounded. 2. Any classical proof system can be compressed in a two-message quantum proof system in BQSM. Moreover, if the original proof system is zero-knowledge, the quantum protocol is zero-knowledge too. In this result, we assume that the prover has bounded memory. Finally, we give evidence towards the "tightness" of our results. First, we show that NIZK in the plain model against BQS adversaries is unlikely with standard techniques. Second, we prove that without the BQS model there is no 2-message zero-knowledge quantum interactive proof, even under computational assumptions.

Published
2024

27. Transition to Adulthood of Youth with Disabilities: Mapping Declared Practices to Recommended Practices

Author

Élody Ross-Lévesque, Sarah Martin-Roy, Francine Julien-Gauthier, Steve Jacob, Marie Grandisson, Marie-Catherine St-Pierre, Noémie Dahan-Oliel, Marie-Ève Lamontagne, and Chantal Desmarais

Abstract

Positive transition to adulthood of youth with disabilities is influenced by the type of support they receive. This study aims to analyse current transition to adulthood practices in the province of Quebec to map them to recommended practices and present an overview of the situation and needs. A multiple case study methodology included focus groups in six schools with 65 participants as well as internet searches and interviews with experts. A thematic analysis within and across cases was used. Results underscore the best practices in place concerning student-focused planning, student development, interagency collaboration and family engagement. They also highlight youths' and parents' opinions about strategies to better support transition. While inspiring practices are present, further efforts with regards to programme structures are required to ensure adequate support for transition to adulthood.

Published
2024
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30. Gentrification drives patterns of alpha and beta diversity in cities.

Author

Fidino, Mason, Sander, Heather, Lewis, Jesse, Lehrer, Elizabeth, Rivera, Kimberly, Murray, Maureen, Adams, Henry, Kase, Anna, Flores, Andrea, Stankowich, Theodore, Schell, Christopher, Salsbury, Carmen, Rohnke, Adam, Jordan, Mark, Green, Austin, R Gramza, Ashley, Zellmer, Amanda, Williamson, Jacque, Surasinghe, Thilina, Storm, Hunter, Sparks, Kimberly, Ryan, Travis, Remine, Katie, Pendergast, Mary, Mullen, Kayleigh, Minier, Darren, Middaugh, Christopher, Mertl, Amy, McClung, Maureen, Long, Robert, Larson, Rachel, Kohl, Michel, Harris, Lavendar, Hall, Courtney, Haight, Jeffrey, Drake, David, Davidge, Alyssa, Cheek, Ann, Bloch, Christopher, Biro, Elizabeth, Anthonysamy, Whitney, Angstmann, Julia, Allen, Maximilian, Adalsteinsson, Solny, Short Gianotti, Anne, LaMontagne, Jalene, Gelmi-Candusso, Tiziana, and Magle, Seth

Subjects
alpha diversity, beta diversity, camera trap, gentrification, mammals, Animals, Humans, Cities, Residential Segregation, Biodiversity, Mammals, Animals, Wild, Ecosystem
Abstract

While there is increasing recognition that social processes in cities like gentrification have ecological consequences, we lack nuanced understanding of the ways gentrification affects urban biodiversity. We analyzed a large camera trap dataset of mammals (>500 g) to evaluate how gentrification impacts species richness and community composition across 23 US cities. After controlling for the negative effect of impervious cover, gentrified parts of cities had the highest mammal species richness. Change in community composition was associated with gentrification in a few cities, which were mostly located along the West Coast. At the species level, roughly half (11 of 21 mammals) had higher occupancy in gentrified parts of a city, especially when impervious cover was low. Our results indicate that the impacts of gentrification extend to nonhuman animals, which provides further evidence that some aspects of nature in cities, such as wildlife, are chronically inaccessible to marginalized human populations.

Published
2024

32. Community versus academic hospital community-acquired pneumonia patients: a nested cohort study

Author

Tsang, Jennifer L.Y., Rego, Kian, Binnie, Alexandra, Lee, Terry, Mccarthy, Anne, Cowan, Juthaporn, Archambault, Patrick, Lellouche, Francois, Turgeon, Alexis F., Yoon, Jennifer, Lamontagne, Francois, Mcgeer, Allison, Douglas, Josh, Daley, Peter, Fowler, Robert, Maslove, David M., Winston, Brent W., Lee, Todd C., Tran, Karen C., Cheng, Matthew P., Vinh, Donald C., Boyd, John H., Walley, Keith R., Singer, Joel, Marshall, John C., Haljan, Gregory, Jain, Fagun, and Russell, James A.

Published
2024
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33. Genetic and clinical correlates of two neuroanatomical AI dimensions in the Alzheimer’s disease continuum

Author

Wen, Junhao, Yang, Zhijian, Nasrallah, Ilya M., Cui, Yuhan, Erus, Guray, Srinivasan, Dhivya, Abdulkadir, Ahmed, Mamourian, Elizabeth, Hwang, Gyujoon, Singh, Ashish, Bergman, Mark, Bao, Jingxuan, Varol, Erdem, Zhou, Zhen, Boquet-Pujadas, Aleix, Chen, Jiong, Toga, Arthur W., Saykin, Andrew J., Hohman, Timothy J., Thompson, Paul M., Villeneuve, Sylvia, Gollub, Randy, Sotiras, Aristeidis, Wittfeld, Katharina, Grabe, Hans J., Tosun, Duygu, Bilgel, Murat, An, Yang, Marcus, Daniel S., LaMontagne, Pamela, Benzinger, Tammie L., Heckbert, Susan R., Austin, Thomas R., Launer, Lenore J., Espeland, Mark, Masters, Colin L., Maruff, Paul, Fripp, Jurgen, Johnson, Sterling C., Morris, John C., Albert, Marilyn S., Bryan, R. Nick, Resnick, Susan M., Ferrucci, Luigi, Fan, Yong, Habes, Mohamad, Wolk, David, Shen, Li, Shou, Haochang, and Davatzikos, Christos

Published
2024
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38. Using a targeted metabolomics approach to explore differences in ARDS associated with COVID-19 compared to ARDS caused by H1N1 influenza and bacterial pneumonia

Author

Lee, Chel Hee, Banoei, Mohammad M., Ansari, Mariam, Cheng, Matthew P., Lamontagne, Francois, Griesdale, Donald, Lasry, David E., Demir, Koray, Dhingra, Vinay, Tran, Karen C., Lee, Terry, Burns, Kevin, Sweet, David, Marshall, John, Slutsky, Arthur, Murthy, Srinivas, Singer, Joel, Patrick, David M., Lee, Todd C., Boyd, John H., Walley, Keith R., Fowler, Robert, Haljan, Greg, Vinh, Donald C., Mcgeer, Alison, Maslove, David, Mann, Puneet, Donohoe, Kathryn, Hernandez, Geraldine, Rocheleau, Genevieve, Trahtemberg, Uriel, Kumar, Anand, Lou, Ma, dos Santos, Claudia, Baker, Andrew, Russell, James A., and Winston, Brent W.

Published
2024
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42. Gene-SGAN: discovering disease subtypes with imaging and genetic signatures via multi-view weakly-supervised deep clustering

Author

Yang, Zhijian, Wen, Junhao, Abdulkadir, Ahmed, Cui, Yuhan, Erus, Guray, Mamourian, Elizabeth, Melhem, Randa, Srinivasan, Dhivya, Govindarajan, Sindhuja T., Chen, Jiong, Habes, Mohamad, Masters, Colin L., Maruff, Paul, Fripp, Jurgen, Ferrucci, Luigi, Albert, Marilyn S., Johnson, Sterling C., Morris, John C., LaMontagne, Pamela, Marcus, Daniel S., Benzinger, Tammie L. S., Wolk, David A., Shen, Li, Bao, Jingxuan, Resnick, Susan M., Shou, Haochang, Nasrallah, Ilya M., and Davatzikos, Christos

Published
2024
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43. A representation-learning approach for insurance pricing with images

Author

Blier-Wong, Christopher, Lamontagne, Luc, and Marceau, Etienne

Subjects
Statistics - Applications
Abstract

Unstructured data are a promising new source of information that insurance companies may use to understand their risk portfolio better and improve the customer experience. However, these novel data sources are difficult to incorporate into existing ratemaking frameworks due to the size and format of the unstructured data. In this paper, we propose a framework to use street view imagery within a generalized linear model. To do so, we use representation learning to extract an embedding vector containing useful information from the image. This embedding is dense and low-dimensional, making it appropriate to use within existing ratemaking models. We find that there is useful information included in street view imagery to predict the frequency of claims for certain types of perils. This model can be used as-is in a ratemaking framework but also opens the door to future empirical research on attempting to extract the causal effect from images that lead to increased or decreased predicted claim frequencies. Throughout, we discuss the practical difficulties (technical and social) of using this type of data for insurance pricing.

Published
2023
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44. Accelerated Benders Decomposition and Local Branching for Dynamic Maximum Covering Location Problems

Author

Lamontagne, Steven, Carvalho, Margarida, and Atallah, Ribal

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract

The maximum covering location problem (MCLP) is a key problem in facility location, with many applications and variants. One such variant is the dynamic (or multi-period) MCLP, which considers the installation of facilities across multiple time periods. To the best of our knowledge, no exact solution method has been proposed to tackle large-scale instances of this problem. To that end, in this work, we expand upon the current state-of-the-art branch-and-Benders-cut solution method in the static case, by exploring several acceleration techniques. Additionally, we propose a specialised local branching scheme, that uses a novel distance metric in its definition of subproblems and features a new method for efficient and exact solving of the subproblems. These methods are then compared through extensive computational experiments, highlighting the strengths of the proposed methodologies., Comment: V2: Minor corrections for references and invalid URL

Published
2023

45. An Update on Management of Adult Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.

Author

Sahetya, Sarina, Munshi, Laveena, Summers, Charlotte, Abrams, Darryl, Beitler, Jeremy, Bellani, Giacomo, Brower, Roy, Burry, Lisa, Chen, Jen-Ting, Hodgson, Carol, Hough, Catherine, Lamontagne, Francois, Law, Anica, Papazian, Laurent, Pham, Tai, Rubin, Eileen, Siuba, Matthew, Telias, Irene, Patolia, Setu, Chaudhuri, Dipayan, Walkey, Allan, Rochwerg, Bram, Fan, Eddy, and Qadir, Nida

Subjects
acute respiratory distress syndrome, corticosteroids, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, neuromuscular blockade, positive end-expiratory pressure, Adult, Humans, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Lung, Neuromuscular Blocking Agents, Positive-Pressure Respiration, Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Abstract

Background: This document updates previously published Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), incorporating new evidence addressing the use of corticosteroids, venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, neuromuscular blocking agents, and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Methods: We summarized evidence addressing four PICO questions (patient, intervention, comparison, and outcome). A multidisciplinary panel with expertise in ARDS used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework to develop clinical recommendations. Results: We suggest the use of: 1) corticosteroids for patients with ARDS (conditional recommendation, moderate certainty of evidence), 2) venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in selected patients with severe ARDS (conditional recommendation, low certainty of evidence), 3) neuromuscular blockers in patients with early severe ARDS (conditional recommendation, low certainty of evidence), and 4) higher PEEP without lung recruitment maneuvers as opposed to lower PEEP in patients with moderate to severe ARDS (conditional recommendation, low to moderate certainty), and 5) we recommend against using prolonged lung recruitment maneuvers in patients with moderate to severe ARDS (strong recommendation, moderate certainty). Conclusions: We provide updated evidence-based recommendations for the management of ARDS. Individual patient and illness characteristics should be factored into clinical decision making and implementation of these recommendations while additional evidence is generated from much-needed clinical trials.

Published
2024

47. Simvastatin in Critically Ill Patients with Covid-19.

Author

Hills, Thomas, Lorenzi, Elizabeth, Berry, Lindsay, Shyamsundar, Murali, Al-Beidh, Farah, Annane, Djillali, Arabi, Yaseen, Aryal, Diptesh, Au, Carly, Beane, Abigail, Bhimani, Zahra, Bonten, Marc, Bradbury, Charlotte, Brunkhorst, Frank, Burrell, Aidan, Buxton, Meredith, Calfee, Carolyn, Cecconi, Maurizio, Cheng, Allen, Cove, Matthew, Detry, Michelle, Estcourt, Lise, Fitzgerald, Mark, Goligher, Ewan, Goossens, Herman, Green, Cameron, Haniffa, Rashan, Harrison, David, Hashmi, Madiha, Higgins, Alisa, Huang, David, Ichihara, Nao, Jayakumar, Deva, Kruger, Peter, Lamontagne, François, Lampro, Lamprini, Lawler, Patrick, Marshall, John, Mason, Alexina, McGlothlin, Anna, McGuinness, Shay, McQuilten, Zoe, McVerry, Bryan, Mouncey, Paul, Murthy, Srinivas, Neal, Matthew, Nichol, Alistair, OKane, Cecilia, Parke, Rachael, Parker, Jane, Rabindrarajan, Ebenezer, Reyes, Luis, Rowan, Kathryn, Saito, Hiroki, Santos, Marlene, Saunders, Christina, Seymour, Christopher, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Sinha, Pratik, Thompson, B, Turgeon, Alexis, Turner, Anne, van de Veerdonk, Frank, Weis, Sebastian, Young, Ian, Zarychanski, Ryan, McArthur, Colin, Angus, Derek, Berry, Scott, Derde, Lennie, Webb, Steve, Gordon, Anthony, McAuley, Daniel, and Lewis, Roger

Subjects
Humans, Bayes Theorem, COVID-19, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Critical Illness, Hospital Mortality, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Simvastatin, Treatment Outcome
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of simvastatin in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is unclear. METHODS: In an ongoing international, multifactorial, adaptive platform, randomized, controlled trial, we evaluated simvastatin (80 mg daily) as compared with no statin (control) in critically ill patients with Covid-19 who were not receiving statins at baseline. The primary outcome was respiratory and cardiovascular organ support-free days, assessed on an ordinal scale combining in-hospital death (assigned a value of -1) and days free of organ support through day 21 in survivors; the analyis used a Bayesian hierarchical ordinal model. The adaptive design included prespecified statistical stopping criteria for superiority (>99% posterior probability that the odds ratio was >1) and futility (>95% posterior probability that the odds ratio was

Published
2023

48. Conductive electrospun polymer improves stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte function and maturation

Author

Gonzalez, Gisselle, Nelson, Aileena C, Holman, Alyssa R, Whitehead, Alexander J, LaMontagne, Erin, Lian, Rachel, Vatsyayan, Ritwik, Dayeh, Shadi A, and Engler, Adam J

Subjects
Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular, Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Research, Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell, Stem Cell Research - Embryonic - Human, Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell - Human, Heart Disease, 5.2 Cellular and gene therapies, Humans, Myocytes, Cardiac, Polymers, Pluripotent Stem Cells, Cell Line, Cell Differentiation, Electric Conductivity, sulfonate, poly(vinyl) alcohol, Desmoplakin, Sarcomere organization, Calcium handling, FluoVolt, poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene, poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate
Abstract

Despite numerous efforts to generate mature human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs), cells often remain immature, electrically isolated, and may not reflect adult biology. Conductive polymers are attractive candidates to facilitate electrical communication between hPSC-CMs, especially at sub-confluent cell densities or diseased cells lacking cell-cell junctions. Here we electrospun conductive polymers to create a conductive fiber mesh and assess if electrical signal propagation is improved in hPSC-CMs seeded on the mesh network. Matrix characterization indicated fiber structure remained stable over weeks in buffer, scaffold stiffness remained near in vivo cardiac stiffness, and electrical conductivity scaled with conductive polymer concentration. Cells remained adherent and viable on the scaffolds for at least 5 days. Transcriptomic profiling of hPSC-CMs cultured on conductive substrates for 3 days showed upregulation of cardiac and muscle-related genes versus non-conductive fibers. Structural proteins were more organized and calcium handling was improved on conductive substrates, even at sub-confluent cell densities; prolonged culture on conductive scaffolds improved membrane depolarization compared to non-conductive substrates. Taken together, these data suggest that blended, conductive scaffolds are stable, supportive of electrical coupling in hPSC-CMs, and promote maturation, which may improve our ability to model cardiac diseases and develop targeted therapies.

Published
2023

50. Fostering effective and sustainable scientific collaboration and knowledge exchange: a workshop-based approach to establish a national ecological observatory network (NEON) domain-specific user group

Author

Donnelly, Alison, Desai, Ankur R., Heckman, Katherine A., Nave, Lucas E., Cramer, Michael J., Faust, Marie, Weishampel, Peter, Slemmons, Caleb, Andresen, Christian G., Ayres, Edward, Cotey, Stacy R., Docherty, Kathryn M., Hatzis, Joshua, Hofmeister, Kathryn, LaMontagne, Jalene M., Lenters, John D., Lottig, Noah R., Marcarelli, Amy M., Miesel, Jessica, Riddle, Jason, Salmon-Tumas, Meghan, SanClements, Mike D., Sapkota, Subash, Schwartz, Mark D., Sharma, Puja, Shrestha, Ojaswee, Vincent, Geoffrey, Waupochick, Angela, Zheng, Ting, and Ye, Zhiwei

Published
2024
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