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1. Multiple power laws and scaling relation in exploratory locomotion of the snail Tegula nigerrima

Author

Kagaya, Katsushi, Nakano, Tomoyuki, and Nakayama, Ryo

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Other Quantitative Biology
Abstract

One of goals in soft robotics is to achive spontaneous behavior like real organisms. To gain a clue to achieve this, we examined the long (16-hour) spontaneous exploratory locomotion of snails. The active forager snail, Tegula nigerrima, from an intertidal rocky shore was selected to test the general hypothesis that nervous systems are inherently near a critical state, which is self-organized to drive spontaneous animal behavior. This hypothesis, known as the critical brain hypothesis, was originally proposed for vertebrate species, but it might be applicable to other invertebrate species as well. We first investigated the power spectra of the speed of locomotion of the snails ($N=39$). The spectra showed $1/{f^\alpha}$ fluctuation, which is one of the signatures of self-organized criticality. The $\alpha$ was estimated to be about 0.9. We further examined whether the spatial and temporal quantities show multiple power-laws and scaling relations, which are rigorous criteria of criticality. Although the satisfaction of these criteria is limited to a truncated region and provides limited evidence to demonstrate the aspect of self-organization, the multiple power-laws and the scaling relations were overall satisfied. Therefore, these results additionally support the generality of the critical brain hypothesis.

Published
2024

2. EnvBridge: Bridging Diverse Environments with Cross-Environment Knowledge Transfer for Embodied AI

Author

Kagaya, Tomoyuki, Lou, Yuxuan, Yuan, Thong Jing, Lakshmi, Subramanian, Karlekar, Jayashree, Pranata, Sugiri, Murakami, Natsuki, Kinose, Akira, Oguri, Koki, Wick, Felix, and You, Yang

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated high reasoning capabilities, drawing attention for their applications as agents in various decision-making processes. One notably promising application of LLM agents is robotic manipulation. Recent research has shown that LLMs can generate text planning or control code for robots, providing substantial flexibility and interaction capabilities. However, these methods still face challenges in terms of flexibility and applicability across different environments, limiting their ability to adapt autonomously. Current approaches typically fall into two categories: those relying on environment-specific policy training, which restricts their transferability, and those generating code actions based on fixed prompts, which leads to diminished performance when confronted with new environments. These limitations significantly constrain the generalizability of agents in robotic manipulation. To address these limitations, we propose a novel method called EnvBridge. This approach involves the retention and transfer of successful robot control codes from source environments to target environments. EnvBridge enhances the agent's adaptability and performance across diverse settings by leveraging insights from multiple environments. Notably, our approach alleviates environmental constraints, offering a more flexible and generalizable solution for robotic manipulation tasks. We validated the effectiveness of our method using robotic manipulation benchmarks: RLBench, MetaWorld, and CALVIN. Our experiments demonstrate that LLM agents can successfully leverage diverse knowledge sources to solve complex tasks. Consequently, our approach significantly enhances the adaptability and robustness of robotic manipulation agents in planning across diverse environments.

Published
2024

3. A new method of reconstructing images of gamma-ray telescopes applied to the LST-1 of CTAO

Author

Project, CTA-LST, Abe, K., Abe, S., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Alispach, C., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Ambrosino, D., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Balbo, M., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Jiménez, L. Barrios, Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bezshyiko, I., Bhattacharjee, P., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Borkowski, G., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carrasco, M. S., Cassol, F., Castrejón, N., Cauz, D., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chon, G., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., Da Vela, P., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Del Burgo, R., Del Peral, L., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Eisenberger, L., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Foffano, L., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. Garcia, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Günther, P., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Inoue, S., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Iuliano, A., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Quiles, J. Jimenez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kalashev, O., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Lemoigne, L., Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luciani, H., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Marchesi, S., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Méndez-Gallego, J., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moya, V., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Neronov, A., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikolic, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Ottanelli, P., Owen, E., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pfeifle, F., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Righi, C., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Ruina, A., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Sano, H., Šarić, T., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Schiavone, F., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Siegert, T., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tavernier, T., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Ventura, S., Verna, G., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Wan, L., Will, M., Wójtowicz, J., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yeung, P. K. H., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zhang, W., and Zywucka, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) are used to observe very high-energy photons from the ground. Gamma rays are indirectly detected through the Cherenkov light emitted by the air showers they induce. The new generation of experiments, in particular the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO), sets ambitious goals for discoveries of new gamma-ray sources and precise measurements of the already discovered ones. To achieve these goals, both hardware and data analysis must employ cutting-edge techniques. This also applies to the LST-1, the first IACT built for the CTAO, which is currently taking data on the Canary island of La Palma. This paper introduces a new event reconstruction technique for IACT data, aiming to improve the image reconstruction quality and the discrimination between the signal and the background from misidentified hadrons and electrons. The technique models the development of the extensive air shower signal, recorded as a waveform per pixel, seen by CTAO telescopes' cameras. Model parameters are subsequently passed to random forest regressors and classifiers to extract information on the primary particle. The new reconstruction was applied to simulated data and to data from observations of the Crab Nebula performed by the LST-1. The event reconstruction method presented here shows promising performance improvements. The angular and energy resolution, and the sensitivity, are improved by 10 to 20% over most of the energy range. At low energy, improvements reach up to 22%, 47%, and 50%, respectively. A future extension of the method to stereoscopic analysis for telescope arrays will be the next important step., Comment: Accepted in A&A

Published
2024
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4. A detailed study of the very-high-energy Crab pulsar emission with the LST-1

Author

Project, CTA-LST, Abe, K., Abe, S., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bhattacharjee, P., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carrasco, M. S., Cassol, F., Castrejón, N., Cauz, D., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chon, G., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., Da Vela, P., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Del Peral, L., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Eisenberger, L., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Foffano, L., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. Garcia, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gavira, L., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Günther, P., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Quiles, J. Jiménez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Lemoigne, L., Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Marchesi, S., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moya, V., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Neronov, A., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikolic, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Ottanelli, P., Owen, E., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pfeiffle, F., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Righi, C., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Sano, H., Šarić, T., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Schiavone, F., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Siegert, T., Silvia, R., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tavernier, T., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Verna, G., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Wan, L., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yeung, P. K. H., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zhang, W., and Zywucka, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Context: There are currently three pulsars firmly detected by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs), two of them reaching TeV energies, challenging models of very-high-energy (VHE) emission in pulsars. More precise observations are needed to better characterize pulsar emission at these energies. The LST-1 is the prototype of the Large-Sized Telescope, that will be part of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO). Its improved performance over previous IACTs makes it well suited for studying pulsars. Aims: To study the Crab pulsar emission with the LST-1, improving and complementing the results from other telescopes. These observations can also be used to characterize the potential of the LST-1 to study other pulsars and detect new ones. Methods: We analyzed a total of $\sim$103 hours of gamma-ray observations of the Crab pulsar conducted with the LST-1 in the period from September 2020 to January 2023. The observations were carried out at zenith angles less than 50 degrees. A new analysis of the Fermi-LAT data was also performed, including $\sim$14 years of observations. Results: The Crab pulsar phaseogram, long-term light-curve, and phase-resolved spectra are reconstructed with the LST-1 from 20 GeV to 450 GeV for P1 and up to 700 GeV for P2. The pulsed emission is detected with a significance of 15.2$\sigma$. The two characteristic emission peaks of the Crab pulsar are clearly detected (>10$\sigma$), as well as the so-called bridge emission (5.7$\sigma$). We find that both peaks are well described by power laws, with spectral indices of $\sim$3.44 and $\sim$3.03 respectively. The joint analysis of Fermi-LAT and LST-1 data shows a good agreement between both instruments in the overlapping energy range. The detailed results obtained in the first observations of the Crab pulsar with LST-1 show the potential that CTAO will have to study this type of sources., Comment: Accepted by A&A

Published
2024

5. Dynamic changes in proresolving lipid mediators and their receptors following acute vascular injury in male rats.

Author

Kagaya, Hideo, Kim, Alexander, Chen, Mian, Lin, Pei-Yu, Yin, Xuanzhi, Spite, Matthew, and Conte, Michael

Subjects
angioplasty, inflammation, lipid mediators, neointima, resolution, Animals, Male, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Vascular System Injuries, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Receptors, Leukotriene B4, Inflammation Mediators
Abstract

Acute vascular injury provokes an inflammatory response, resulting in neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) and downstream pathologies. The resolution of inflammation is an active process in which specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPM) and their receptors play a central role. We sought to examine the acute phase response of SPM and their receptors in both circulating blood and the arterial wall in a rat angioplasty model. We found that the ratio of proresolving to pro-inflammatory lipid mediators (LM) in plasma decreased sharply 1 day after vascular injury, then increased slightly by day 7, while that in arteries remained depressed. Granulocyte expression of SPM receptors ALX/FPR2 and DRV2/GPR18, and a leukotriene B4 receptor BLT1 increased postinjury, while ERV1/ChemR23 expression was reduced early and then recovered by day 7. Importantly, we show unique arterial expression patterns of SPM receptors in the acute setting, with generally low levels through day 7 that contrasted sharply with that of the pro-inflammatory CCR2 receptor. Overall, these data document acute, time-dependent changes of LM biosynthesis and SPM receptor expression in plasma, leukocytes, and artery walls following acute vascular injury. A biochemical imbalance between inflammation and resolution LM pathways appears persistent 7 days after angioplasty in this model. These findings may help guide therapeutic approaches to accelerate vascular healing and improve the outcomes of vascular interventions for patients with advanced atherosclerosis.

Published
2024

7. The implementation status of prehabilitation during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer: a questionnaire survey to the board-certified facilities in Japan

Author

Harada, Tsuyoshi, Tsuji, Tetsuya, Fukushima, Takuya, Ikeda, Tomohiro, Toyama, Shusuke, Konishi, Nobuko, Nakajima, Hiroki, Suzuki, Katsuyoshi, Matsumori, Keiji, Yanagisawa, Takumi, Hashimoto, Kakeru, Kagaya, Hitoshi, Zenda, Sadamoto, Kojima, Takashi, Fujita, Takeo, Ueno, Junya, Hijikata, Nanako, Ishikawa, Aiko, and Hayashi, Ryuichi

Published
2024
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8. Dark Matter Line Searches with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Abe, S., Abhir, J., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Alvarez-Crespo, N., Batista, R. Alves, Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Ambrosi, G., Angel, L., Aramo, C., Arcaro, C., Arnesen, T. T. H., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasibar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Batzofin, R., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Beck, G., Benbow, W., Berge, D., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Bernlöhr, K., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blazek, J., Bocchino, F., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bonnoli, G., Bonollo, A., Bordas, P., Bosnjak, Z., Bottacini, E., Böttcher, M., Bringmann, T., Bronzini, E., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Bulik, T., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Burton, M., Buscemi, M., Bylund, T., Cailleux, J., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Cantlay, B. K., Capasso, G., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carquin, E., Carrasco, M. -S., Cassol, F., Castaldini, L., Castrejon, N., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P. M., Chaty, S., Chen, A. W., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Araujo, C. H. Coimbra, Colapietro, M., Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., Dai, S., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., de Menezes, R., de Naurois, M., de Souza, V., del Peral, L., del Valle, M. V., Giler, A. G. Delgado, Mengual, J. Delgado, Delgado, C., Dell'aiera, M., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Diebold, S., Dinesh, A., Djuvsland, J., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Dörner, J., Doro, M., Dournaux, J. -L., Duangchan, C., Dubos, C., Ducci, L., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Errando, M., Escanuela, C., Escarate, P., Godoy, M. Escobar, Escudero, J., Esposito, P., Ettori, S., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Fiori, M., Foffano, L., Guiteras, L. Font, Fontaine, G., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Furniss, A., Galanti, G., Galaz, G., Galelli, C., Gallozzi, S., Gammaldi, V., Garczarczyk, M., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Ghalumyan, A., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht Formiga, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giuffrida, R., Glicenstein, J. -F., Glombitza, J., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., González, M. M., Coelho, J. Goulart, Gradetzke, T., Granot, J., Grasso, D., Grau, R., Gréaux, L., Green, D., Green, J. G., Grolleron, G., Guedes, L. M. V., Gueta, O., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hamal, P., Hanlon, W., Hara, S., Harvey, V. M., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heß, B., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hinton, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hovatta, T., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Inoue, Y., Iocco, F., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, F., Jean, P., Quiles, J. Jimenez, Jin, W., Juramy-Gilles, C., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kalekin, O., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kaufmann, S., Kazanas, D., Kerszberg, D., Kieda, D. B., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kosack, K., Kowal, G., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lazarević, S., Lazendic-Galloway, J., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Leto, G., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, M., Liodakis, I., Lipniacka, A., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Majumdar, P., Mallamaci, M., Malyshev, D., Mandat, D., Manicò, G., Mariotti, M., Márquez, I., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martínez, G. A., Martínez, M., Martinez, O., Marty, C., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mastropietro, M., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mestre, E., Meunier, J. -L., Meyer, D. M. -A., Meyer, M., Miceli, D., Miceli, M., Michailidis, M., Michałowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizote, M., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Molero, M., Molfese, C., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Zamanillo, V. Moya, Munari, K., Murach, T., Muraczewski, A., Muraishi, H., Nakamori, T., Nayak, A., Nemmen, R., Neto, J. P., Nickel, L., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikołajuk, M., Nikolić, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Orlando, S., Ostrowski, M., Otero-Santos, J., Oya, I., Pagano, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatiello, M., Panebianco, G., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patricelli, B., Pe'er, A., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pensec, U., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Persic, M., Peters, K. P., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pierre, E., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pinchbeck, L., Pirola, G., Pittori, C., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pohl, M., Pollet, V., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Produit, N., Prouza, M., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Regeard, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Ricci, C., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiter, A. J., Rulten, C. B., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Salzmann, H., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sandaker, H., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santos-Lima, R., Sapienza, V., Šarić, T., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, S., Saturni, F. G., Savarese, S., Scherer, A., Schiavone, F., Schipani, P., Schleicher, B., Schovanek, P., Schubert, J. L., Schwanke, U., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Seitenzahl, I. R., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Siegert, T., Siejkowski, H., Siqueira, C., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sol, H., Spencer, S. T., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steppa, C., Hatlen, E. Sæther, Stolarczyk, T., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Świerk, P., Tajima, H., Tak, D., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavernier, T., Tejedor, L. A., Terauchi, K., Teshima, M., Testa, V., Tian, W. W., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Torradeflot, F., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Tramacere, A., Travnicek, P., Tripodo, G., Trois, A., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., Vallés, R., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Ventura, S., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vigliano, A., Vignatti, J., Vigorito, C. F., Villanueva, J., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Voisin, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Vorobiov, S., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., White, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wohlleben, F., Wolter, A., Yamamoto, T., Yang, L., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zaharijas, G., Zampieri, L., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhang, W., Zhdanov, V. I., Ziętara, K., Živec, M., and Zuriaga-Puig, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Monochromatic gamma-ray signals constitute a potential smoking gun signature for annihilating or decaying dark matter particles that could relatively easily be distinguished from astrophysical or instrumental backgrounds. We provide an updated assessment of the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to such signals, based on observations of the Galactic centre region as well as of selected dwarf spheroidal galaxies. We find that current limits and detection prospects for dark matter masses above 300 GeV will be significantly improved, by up to an order of magnitude in the multi-TeV range. This demonstrates that CTA will set a new standard for gamma-ray astronomy also in this respect, as the world's largest and most sensitive high-energy gamma-ray observatory, in particular due to its exquisite energy resolution at TeV energies and the adopted observational strategy focussing on regions with large dark matter densities. Throughout our analysis, we use up-to-date instrument response functions, and we thoroughly model the effect of instrumental systematic uncertainties in our statistical treatment. We further present results for other potential signatures with sharp spectral features, e.g.~box-shaped spectra, that would likewise very clearly point to a particle dark matter origin., Comment: 44 pages JCAP style (excluding author list and references), 19 figures; minor changes to match published version

Published
2024
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9. Sharp interface limit for a quasi-linear large deviation rate function

Author

Kagaya, Takashi and Tsunoda, Kenkichi

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract

We discuss the sharp interface limit, leading to a mean curvature flow energy, for the rate function of the large deviation principle of a Glauber+Kawasaki process with speed change. We provide an explicit formula of the limiting functional given by the mobility and the transport coefficient., Comment: 29 pages

Published
2024

10. RAP: Retrieval-Augmented Planning with Contextual Memory for Multimodal LLM Agents

Author

Kagaya, Tomoyuki, Yuan, Thong Jing, Lou, Yuxuan, Karlekar, Jayashree, Pranata, Sugiri, Kinose, Akira, Oguri, Koki, Wick, Felix, and You, Yang

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Owing to recent advancements, Large Language Models (LLMs) can now be deployed as agents for increasingly complex decision-making applications in areas including robotics, gaming, and API integration. However, reflecting past experiences in current decision-making processes, an innate human behavior, continues to pose significant challenges. Addressing this, we propose Retrieval-Augmented Planning (RAP) framework, designed to dynamically leverage past experiences corresponding to the current situation and context, thereby enhancing agents' planning capabilities. RAP distinguishes itself by being versatile: it excels in both text-only and multimodal environments, making it suitable for a wide range of tasks. Empirical evaluations demonstrate RAP's effectiveness, where it achieves SOTA performance in textual scenarios and notably enhances multimodal LLM agents' performance for embodied tasks. These results highlight RAP's potential in advancing the functionality and applicability of LLM agents in complex, real-world applications.

Published
2024

12. Finding individualised treatment in obese needing enoxaparin (FIT ONE): a multicentre study of therapeutic enoxaparin and the role of anti-factor Xa monitoring

Author

Appay, Marcelle, Lai, Justine, Hay, Justine, Calvisi, Connie, Wills, Geoffrey, Kharadi, Shreyas, Nanayakkara, Sajani, Ryu, Ji Sang, Alameddine, Rozanna, Jupp, Sarah, Lin, Margaretta, Nguyen, Jessica, Nguyen, Tammy, Harrison, Nicholas, Gad, Fady, Kagaya, Sakura, Nguyen, Liam, Piyush, Sharma, Shion, Vicky, Pandya, Advait, Emin, Mustafa, Lim, Ewe Shen, Rahman, Urna, Hayat, Farhad, Gajaweera, Chamali, Sheriff, Nashwa, Patanwala, Asad E., Pasalic, Leonardo, and Alffenaar, Jan-Willem

Published
2024
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14. Invariant Feature Regularization for Fair Face Recognition

Author

Ma, Jiali, Yue, Zhongqi, Tomoyuki, Kagaya, Tomoki, Suzuki, Jayashree, Karlekar, Pranata, Sugiri, and Zhang, Hanwang

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Fair face recognition is all about learning invariant feature that generalizes to unseen faces in any demographic group. Unfortunately, face datasets inevitably capture the imbalanced demographic attributes that are ubiquitous in real-world observations, and the model learns biased feature that generalizes poorly in the minority group. We point out that the bias arises due to the confounding demographic attributes, which mislead the model to capture the spurious demographic-specific feature. The confounding effect can only be removed by causal intervention, which requires the confounder annotations. However, such annotations can be prohibitively expensive due to the diversity of the demographic attributes. To tackle this, we propose to generate diverse data partitions iteratively in an unsupervised fashion. Each data partition acts as a self-annotated confounder, enabling our Invariant Feature Regularization (INV-REG) to deconfound. INV-REG is orthogonal to existing methods, and combining INV-REG with two strong baselines (Arcface and CIFP) leads to new state-of-the-art that improves face recognition on a variety of demographic groups. Code is available at https://github.com/PanasonicConnect/InvReg., Comment: Accepted by International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2023

Published
2023

15. Performance of the joint LST-1 and MAGIC observations evaluated with Crab Nebula data

Author

Abe, H., Abe, K., Abe, S., Acciari, V. A., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Aniello, T., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baack, D., Babić, A., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M. I., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharjee, P., Biederbeck, N., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Bošnjak, Ž., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Buscemi, M., Busetto, G., Ordaz, A. Campoy, Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carrasco, M. S., Carretero-Castrillo, M., Cassol, F., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cauz, D., Cerasole, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Cikota, S., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cornelia, A., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., de Menezes, R., Del Peral, L., Del Popolo, A., Deleglise, G., Delfino, M., Mendez, C. Delgado, Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Depaoli, D., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Pilato, A., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Díaz, C., Eisenberger, L., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fariña, L., Fattorini, A., Ferrara, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Foffano, L., Font, L., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., López, R. J. Garcia, Garcia, E., Garczarczyk, M., López, R. J. García, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinović, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J. G., Gunji, S., Günther, P., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hashiyama, K., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Iotov, R., Ishio, K., Jacquemont, M., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jobst, E., Jormanainen, J., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kluge, G. W., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Kong, A., Kouch, P. M., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Flour, T. Le, Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, L., Linhoff, M., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Lyard, E., Lezáun, M. Láinez, López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira, Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mandat, D., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mangano, S., Mang, N., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Martí, J., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mender, S., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Mićanović, S., González, M. Molero, Molina, E., Mondal, H. A., Montaruli, T., Monteiro, I., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moya, V., Muraishi, H., Murase, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Nanci, C., Neronov, A., Neustroev, V., Nickel, L., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nigro, C., Nikolić, L., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K., Nosek, D., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletić, L., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Pfeiffle, F., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Poireau, V., Polo, M., Pons, E., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Satalecka, K., Sato, M., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Sciaccaluga, A., Siegert, T., Silvia, R., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strišković, J., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suutarinen, S., Šarić, T., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzić, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Tosti, L., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Ubach, S., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Walter, R., Wei, Z., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., and Zywucka, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Aims. LST-1, the prototype of the Large-Sized Telescope for the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, is concluding its commissioning in Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos on the island of La Palma. The proximity of LST-1 (Large-Sized Telescope 1) to the two MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes permits observations of the same gamma-ray events with both systems. Methods. We describe the joint LST-1+MAGIC analysis pipeline and use simultaneous Crab Nebula observations and Monte Carlo simulations to assess the performance of the three-telescope system. The addition of the LST-1 telescope allows the recovery of events in which one of the MAGIC images is too dim to survive analysis quality cuts. Results. Thanks to the resulting increase in the collection area and stronger background rejection, we find a significant improvement in sensitivity, allowing the detection of 30% weaker fluxes in the energy range between 200 GeV and 3 TeV. The spectrum of the Crab Nebula, reconstructed in the energy range ~60 GeV to ~10 TeV, is in agreement with previous measurements., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2023
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16. A representation formula for viscosity solutions of nonlocal Hamilton--Jacobi equations and applications

Author

Kagaya, Takashi, Liu, Qing, and Mitake, Hiroyoshi

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

This paper is concerned with geometric motion of a closed surface whose velocity depends on a nonlocal quantity of the enclosed region. Using the level set formulation, we study a class of nonlocal Hamilton--Jacobi equations and establish a control-based representation formula for solutions. We also apply the formula to discuss the fattening phenomenon and large-time asymptotics of the solutions., Comment: 33 pages

Published
2023

21. Changes in interoception before and after treatment in patients with alcohol use disorder

Author

Chika Shimohara, Ariyuki Kagaya, Tomoyuki Akita, Ryotaro Tsukue, Atsushi Shimohara, Maro G. Machizawa, Shigeto Yamawaki, Junko Tanaka, and Hitoshi Okamura

Subjects
alcohol use disorder, BPQ‐BAVSF, interoception, liver function, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Abstract Aims To investigate the factors associated with interoception in patients with alcohol use disorder and determine whether treatment causes changes in their interoception. Methods The Body Perception Questionnaire‐Body Awareness ultra‐short version Japanese version (BPQ‐BAVSF‐J) was used to measure interoception in 50 alcohol‐dependent participants (27 in the inpatient group and 23 in the outpatient group). The BPQ‐BAVSF‐J was administered and data on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase (γ‐GTP), mean corpuscular volume, platelet count, and Fib‐4 index were extracted at admission and immediately before discharge for the inpatient group and at the first outpatient visit and approximately 3 months after the visit for the outpatient group. Results The mean age of the 50 participants was 51.0 ± 12.3 years. Significant associations were found between the BPQ‐BAVSF‐J and Fib‐4 index and AST. The BPQ‐BAVSF‐J score significantly decreased at discharge in the inpatient group. AST, ALT, γ‐GTP, and Fib‐4 index of liver function were also significantly lower at discharge. In contrast, in the outpatient group, there were no significant changes in the BPQ‐BAVSF‐J score, AST level, ALT level, γ‐GTP level, and Fib‐4 index between at the first outpatient visit and approximately 3 months after the visit. Conclusions Interoception in patients with alcohol use disorder increased with worsening liver function and decreased with improvement in liver function owing to treatment. This suggests that the BPQ‐BAVSF‐J score, an easily accessible scale, may be used to detect early deterioration of liver function through regular administration.

Published
2024
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22. Effects of speech tracking method using hearing aids for hearing disorder in older people

Author

Erina Ito, Saiko Sugiura, Koki Kawamura, Yasue Uchida, Hirokazu Suzuki, Mariko Shimono, Kazuyo Mise, and Hitoshi Kagaya

Subjects
cognition, frailty, hearing loss, speech therapy, speech-tracking method, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Objectives: Speech tracking is defined as a complex act or task of listening in which the learner tracks the speech heard and repeats it as accurately as possible while paying attention to incoming contextual information. This ability involves auditory input, speech output, repetition, and divided attention. In this small-scale study, we aimed to use a speech-tracking method to train older adults with hearing loss and examine its effects on hearing loss from multiple perspectives, including hearing handicap, frailty, and neuropsychological testing. Methods: Auditory rehabilitation was provided to older patients who purchased hearing aids at the clinic and wanted to engage in rehabilitation. The Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly, Nursing Home Hearing Handicap Index, speech-tracking rate, Token Test, Communication Activities of Daily Living, Kihon Checklist, Mini-Mental State Examination, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, symbol search, and word recall were used for assessments before and after rehabilitation using the speech-tracking method. Changes in scores of each assessment item and sub-item were examined using Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test, and changes per question were examined using the sign test. Results: The speech tracking rate (p

Published
2024
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23. Prospects for $\gamma$-ray observations of the Perseus galaxy cluster with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Consortium, The Cherenkov Telescope Array, Abe, K., Abe, S., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Alvarez-Crespo, N., Batista, R. Alves, Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Angüner, E. O., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Araya, M., Arcaro, C., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasíbar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Stuani, L. Augusto, Baack, D., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Ballester, O., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batista, P. I., Batkovic, I., Batzofin, R., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Beck, G., Tjus, J. Becker, Benbow, W., Medrano, J. Bernete, Bernlöhr, K., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Beshley, V., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Bi, B., Biederbeck, N., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blazek, J., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bordas, P., Bosnjak, Z., Bottacini, E., Bradascio, F., Braiding, C., Bronzini, E., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brun, F., Brunetti, G., Bucciantini, N., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Burton, M., Bylund, T., Calisse, P. G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Cantlay, B. K., Capalbi, M., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Caroff, S., Carosi, R., Carquin, E., Carrasco, M. -S., Cascone, E., Cassol, F., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P., Chaty, S., Chen, A. W., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Araujo, C. H. Coimbra, Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Laadim, F. De Frondat, Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., De Martino, D., de Menezes, R., de Naurois, M., De Simone, N., de Souza, V., del Valle, M. V., Delagnes, E., Giler, A. G. Delgado, Delgado, C., Dell'aiera, M., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Diebold, S., Djannati-Ataï, A., Djuvsland, J., Dominik, R. M., Donini, A., Dorner, D., Dörner, J., Doro, M., Anjos, R. D. C. dos, Dournaux, J. -L., Duangchan, C., Dubos, C., Dumora, D., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Godoy, M. Escobar, Escudero, J., Esposito, P., Ettori, S., Evoli, C., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fattorini, A., Faure, A., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Feijen, K., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Foffano, L., Guiteras, L. Font, Fontaine, G., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Gaggero, D., Galanti, G., Gallozzi, S., Gammaldi, V., Garczarczyk, M., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gaug, M., Ghalumyan, A., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Giesbrecht, J., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glicenstein, J. -F., Göksu, H., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., González, M. M., Coelho, J. Goulart, Granot, J., Grau, R., Gréaux, L., Green, D., Green, J. G., Grenier, I., Grolleron, G., Grube, J., Gueta, O., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hamal, P., Hanlon, W., Hara, S., Harvey, V. M., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hie, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hoang, J., Hoffmann, D., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hrupec122, D., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Iocco, F., Iori, M., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, F., Jarnot, C., Jean, P., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jin, W., Juramy-Gilles, C., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kantzas, D., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kaufmann, S., Kerszberg, D., Khélifi, B., Kissmann, R., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kluźniak, W., Knödlseder, J., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kosack, K., Kowal, G., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lazarević, S., Leitgeb, F., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leto, G., Leuschner, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, M., Liodakis, I., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Mackey, J., Majumdar, P., Malyshev, D., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mariotti, M., Markoff, S., Márquez, I., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martínez, G. A., Martínez, M., Martinez, O., Marty, C., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mastropietro, M., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Melkumyan, D., Mello, A. J. T. S., Meunier, J. -L., Meyer, D. M. -A., Meyer, M., Miceli, D., Michailidis, M., Michałowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizote, M., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Molero, M., Molfese, C., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Morcuende, D., Morik, K., Morlino, G., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Zamanillo, V. Moya, Munari, K., Murach, T., Muraczewski, A., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Nemmen, R., Neyroud, N., Nickel, L., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikołajuk, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., O'Brien, P., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Olmi, B., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Ostrowski, M., Oya, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatiello, M., Panebianco, G., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patel, S. R., Patricelli, B., Pavlović, D., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pensec, U., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Peron, G., Persic, M., Petrucci, P. -O., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pierre, E., Pietropaolo, E., Pintore, F., Pirola, G., Pita, S., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pohl, M., Polo, M., Pons, E., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Produit, N., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Punch, M., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Recchia, S., Regeard, M., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Righi, C., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Rulten, C. B., Russo, F., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santangelo, A., Santos-Lima, R., Sanuy, A., Šarić, T., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Scherer, A., Schipani, P., Schleicher, B., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schwanke, U., Schwefer, G., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Seiji, S., Semikoz, D., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Sguera, V., Shang, R. Y., Sharma, P., Siejkowski, H., Sinha, A., Siqueira, C., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S. T., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steppa, C., Stolarczyk, T., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Suomijärvi, T., Tajima, H., Tak, D., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tanaka, S. J., Tavernier, T., Tejedor, L. A., Terauchi, K., Terrier, R., Teshima, M., Tian, W. W., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torradeflot, F., Torres, D. F., Torresi, E., Tosti, G., Tosti, L., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Touzard, V., Tramacere, A., Travnicek, P., Tripodo, G., Truzzi, S., Tsiahina, A., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallage, B., Vallania, P., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Ventura, S., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Voisin, V., Vorobiov, S., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., Wechakama, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wohlleben, F., Wolter, A., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zacharias, M., Zaharijas, G., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhdanov, V. I., Živec, M., Zuriaga-Puig, J., and Luque, P. De la Torre

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Galaxy clusters are expected to be dark matter (DM) reservoirs and storage rooms for the cosmic-ray protons (CRp) that accumulate along the cluster's formation history. Accordingly, they are excellent targets to search for signals of DM annihilation and decay at gamma-ray energies and are predicted to be sources of large-scale gamma-ray emission due to hadronic interactions in the intracluster medium. We estimate the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to detect diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Perseus galaxy cluster. We perform a detailed spatial and spectral modelling of the expected signal for the DM and the CRp components. For each, we compute the expected CTA sensitivity. The observing strategy of Perseus is also discussed. In the absence of a diffuse signal (non-detection), CTA should constrain the CRp to thermal energy ratio within the radius $R_{500}$ down to about $X_{500}<3\times 10^{-3}$, for a spatial CRp distribution that follows the thermal gas and a CRp spectral index $\alpha_{\rm CRp}=2.3$. Under the optimistic assumption of a pure hadronic origin of the Perseus radio mini-halo and depending on the assumed magnetic field profile, CTA should measure $\alpha_{\rm CRp}$ down to about $\Delta\alpha_{\rm CRp}\simeq 0.1$ and the CRp spatial distribution with 10% precision. Regarding DM, CTA should improve the current ground-based gamma-ray DM limits from clusters observations on the velocity-averaged annihilation cross-section by a factor of up to $\sim 5$, depending on the modelling of DM halo substructure. In the case of decay of DM particles, CTA will explore a new region of the parameter space, reaching models with $\tau_{\chi}>10^{27}$s for DM masses above 1 TeV. These constraints will provide unprecedented sensitivity to the physics of both CRp acceleration and transport at cluster scale and to TeV DM particle models, especially in the decay scenario., Comment: 93 pages (including author list, appendix and references), 143 figures. Submitted to JCAP

Published
2023
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24. Spontaneous cervical and mediastinal hematoma due to rupture of inferior thyroid artery

Author

Takayuki Yamada, MD, PhD, Satoru Yanagaki, MD, PhD, Nozomi Satani, MD, PhD, Yuriko Kagaya, MD, Tomoni Sato, MD, PhD, Tomonori Matsuura, MD, PhD, Teruyuki Sato, MD, PhD, Naoya Noguchi, MD, PhD, and Nobuo Ohta, MD, PhD

Subjects
Spontaneous hematoma, Neck, Mediastinum, Thyroid artery, Rupture, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920
Abstract

A 62-year-old man was referred to our hospital presenting with a sore throat, dyspnea, and cervical swelling. Initial precontrast CT scans revealed a cervical and mediastinal hematoma, along with a hemothorax. Further dynamic contrast-enhanced CT scans indicated contrast media extravasation dorsal to the right thyroid gland lobe, suggesting a rupture of the right inferior thyroid artery or a parathyroid adenoma. Following endotracheal intubation, angiography confirmed extravasation from the right inferior thyroid artery. Transarterial embolization (TAE) was successfully performed using a gelatin sponge. The cervical and mediastinal hematoma were surgically excised, and the right inferior parathyroid gland was simultaneously resected. Pathological examination revealed no neoplastic components.

Published
2025
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28. Real-world NUDT15 genotyping and thiopurine treatment optimization in inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter study

Author

Makuuchi, Motoki, Kakuta, Yoichi, Umeno, Junji, Fujii, Toshimitsu, Takagawa, Tetsuya, Ibuka, Takashi, Miura, Miki, Sasaki, Yu, Takahashi, Sakuma, Nakase, Hiroshi, Kiyohara, Hiroki, Tominaga, Keiichi, Shimodaira, Yosuke, Hiraoka, Sakiko, Ueno, Nobuhiro, Yanai, Shunichi, Yoshihara, Takeo, Kakimoto, Kazuki, Matsuoka, Katsuyoshi, Hayashi, Ryohei, Nanjo, Sohachi, Iwama, Itaru, Ishiguro, Yoh, Chiba, Hirofumi, Endo, Katsuya, Kagaya, Takashi, Fukuda, Tomohiro, Sakata, Yasuhisa, Kudo, Takahiro, Takagi, Tomohisa, Takahashi, Kenichi, Naganuma, Makoto, Shinozaki, Masaru, Ogata, Noriyuki, Tanaka, Hiroki, Narimatsu, Kazuyuki, Miyazaki, Haruka, Ishige, Takashi, Onodera, Motoyuki, Hashimoto, Yu, Nagai, Hiroshi, Shimoyama, Yusuke, Naito, Takeo, Moroi, Rintaro, Shiga, Hisashi, Kinouchi, Yoshitaka, Andoh, Akira, Hisamatsu, Tadakazu, and Masamune, Atsushi

Published
2024
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29. Observations of the Crab Nebula and Pulsar with the Large-Sized Telescope Prototype of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author

Project, CTA-LST, Abe, H., Abe, K., Abe, S., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Arcaro, C., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M. I., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bhattacharjee, P., Biederbeck, N., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Borghese, A., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Cassol, F., Cauz, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., D'Amico, G., Dalchenko, M., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Deleglise, G., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Depaoli, D., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrara, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiasson, A., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., Garcia, E., López, R. Garcia, Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Geyer, F., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giro, E., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hashiyama, K., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Jacquemont, M., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Flour, T. Le, Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Marusevec, P., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Monteiro, I., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Mrakovcic, K., Murase, K., Nagai, A., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Nickel, L., Nievas, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Okazaki, N., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Peresano, M., Pérez, A., Pietropaolo, E., Pirola, G., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Poireau, V., Polo, M., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Ruiz, J. E., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Šarić, T., Sato, Y., Saturni, F. G., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Silvia, R., Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Spolon, A., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Sunada, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, M., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Tejedor, L. A., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Uhlrich, G., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., van Scherpenberg, J., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zywucka, N., Bernloehr, K., Gueta, O., Kosack, K., Maier, G., Watson, J., Rijeka, University of, Physics, Department of, Rijeka, Croatia, Physics, Institute for Theoretical, Astrophysics, Würzburg, Universität, Nord, Campus Hubland, Würzburg, Germany, Physik, Institut für Theoretische, IV, Lehrstuhl, Plasma-Astroteilchenphysik, Bochum, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, La Sapienza, INFN Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy, ILANCE, Laboratory, CNRS - University of Tokyo International Research, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan, Program, Physics, Science, Graduate School of Advanced, Engineering, University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Vergata, INFN Sezione di Roma Tor, Physics, Faculty of, Informatics, Applied, Lodz, University of, Lodz, Poland, Split, University of, FESB, Split, University, Yamagata, Yamagata, University, Tohoku, Institute, Astronomical, Aobaku, Sendai, Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of, Osijek, dell'Aquila, INFN Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche - Università degli Studi, Institute, Gran Sasso Science, L'Aquila, Oiwakecho, Kitashirakawa, Kyoto, Astronomy, Department of, Geneva, University of, Versoix, Switzerland, Sciences, Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of, Prague, Republic, Czech, Science, Faculty of, University, Ibaraki, Mito, Ibaraki, University, Waseda, Shinjuku, Tokyo, di Trieste, INFN Sezione, di Trieste, Università degli Studi, Trieste, INFN, di Siena, Università degli Studi, Fisiche, Dipartimento di Scienze, dell'Ambiente, della Terra e, di Fisica, Sezione, Siena, de Jaén, Escuela Politécnica Superior, de Jaén, Universidad, Lagunillas, Campus Las, Jaén, Spain, Physics, Saha Institute of Nuclear, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, India, Research, Institute for Nuclear, Energy, Nuclear, Sciences, Bulgarian Academy of, Sofia, Bulgaria, Sciences, FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of, Praha, di Palermo, Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica 'E. Segrè' Università degli Studi, Scienze, via delle, Palermo, de Electronica, Grupo, de Madrid, Universidad Complutense, Complutense, Av., Madrid, Physics, Department of Applied, Zagreb, University of, Zagreb, Center, Hiroshima Astrophysical Science, Higashi-Hiroshima, RIKEN, Physical, Institute of, Research, Chemical, Wako, Saitama, University, Charles, Particle, Institute of, Physics, Nuclear, Physics, Division of, Astronomy, Science, Graduate School of, University, Kyoto, Sakyo-ku, Research, Institute for Space-Earth Environmental, University, Nagoya, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Institute, Kobayashi-Maskawa, Particles, for the Origin of, Universe, the, Technology, Graduate School of, Industrial, Sciences, Social, University, Tokushima, Tokushima, Sciences, Department of Physical, University, Aoyama Gakuin, Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, IRFU, CEA, Paris-Saclay, Université, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, University, Saitama, Sakura-ku, city, Saitama, di Torino, Dipartimento di Fisica - Universitá degli Studi, Torino, University, Konan, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan), Heidelberg, Zeuthen, Saclay, CEA, Merisiers, Orme des, and France)

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

CTA (Cherenkov Telescope Array) is the next generation ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy at very-high energies. The Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) is located at the Northern site of CTA, on the Canary Island of La Palma. LSTs are designed to provide optimal performance in the lowest part of the energy range covered by CTA, down to $\simeq 20$ GeV. LST-1 started performing astronomical observations in November 2019, during its commissioning phase, and it has been taking data since then. We present the first LST-1 observations of the Crab Nebula, the standard candle of very-high energy gamma-ray astronomy, and use them, together with simulations, to assess the basic performance parameters of the telescope. The data sample consists of around 36 hours of observations at low zenith angles collected between November 2020 and March 2022. LST-1 has reached the expected performance during its commissioning period - only a minor adjustment of the preexisting simulations was needed to match the telescope behavior. The energy threshold at trigger level is estimated to be around 20 GeV, rising to $\simeq 30$ GeV after data analysis. Performance parameters depend strongly on energy, and on the strength of the gamma-ray selection cuts in the analysis: angular resolution ranges from 0.12 to 0.40 degrees, and energy resolution from 15 to 50%. Flux sensitivity is around 1.1% of the Crab Nebula flux above 250 GeV for a 50-h observation (12% for 30 minutes). The spectral energy distribution (in the 0.03 - 30 TeV range) and the light curve obtained for the Crab Nebula agree with previous measurements, considering statistical and systematic uncertainties. A clear periodic signal is also detected from the pulsar at the center of the Nebula., Comment: Accepted in ApJ. v3: updated author list and acknowledgements, fixed typos and other minor issues

Published
2023

30. Non-random distribution of Plasmodium Species infections and associated clinical features in children in the lake Victoria region, Kenya, 2012–2018

Author

Protus Omondi, Brian Musyoka, Takatsugu Okai, James Kongere, Wataru Kagaya, Chim W. Chan, Mtakai Ngara, Bernard N. Kanoi, Yasutoshi Kido, Jesse Gitaka, and Akira Kaneko

Subjects
Mixed Plasmodium infection, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, Kenya, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962
Abstract

Abstract Background While Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) stands out as the most lethal malaria parasite species in humans, the impact of other species should not be dismissed. Moreover, there is a notable lack of understanding of mixed-species infections and their clinical implications. Methods We conducted eight school-based cross-sectional malariometric surveys in the Lake Victoria region of western Kenya between January–February 2012 and September–October 2018. In each survey, a minimum of 100 children aged 3 to 15 years were randomly chosen from a school in Ungoye village on the mainland and as well as from each school selected in every catchment area on Mfangano island. Plasmodium infection was determined by microscopy and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The multiple-kind lottery (MKL) model calculated the expected distribution of Plasmodium infections in the population and compared it to observed values using a chi-squared test (χ2). Results The Plasmodium prevalence was 25.9% (2521/9724) by microscopy and 51.1% (4969/9724) by PCR. Among all infections detected by PCR, Pf, P. malariae (Pm), and P. ovale (Po) mono-infections were 58.6%, 3.1%, and 1.8%, respectively. Pf/Pm, Pf/Po, Pm/Po, and Pf/Pm/Po co-infections were 23.5%, 4.3%, 0.1%, and 8.6%, respectively. MKL modelling revealed non-random distributions, with frequencies of Pf/Pm and Pf/Pm/Po co-infections being significantly higher than expected (χ2 = 3385.60, p

Published
2024
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31. Spherical varus rotational osteotomy of the femur using a navigation system as extra-articular surgery for extensive osteonecrosis of femoral head: a case control study

Author

Minoru Watanabe, Tsubasa Ishikawa, Satoshi Kagaya, Daichi Kuzushima, Itaru Kachi, Satoe Tanabe, Yasuoki Kobayashi, and Koji Kanzaki

Subjects
Extensive necrosis, CT-based navigation, Curved varus osteotomy osteonecrosis of the femoral head, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

Abstract Background Curved varus osteotomy (CVO) is an effective femoral head-preserving surgical procedure for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) classified as type B or C1 according to the Japanese Investigation Committee (JIC) classification; it reportedly provides better postoperative outcomes than transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy (TRO). We have developed a new procedure called spherical varus rotational osteotomy (SVRO) in which osteotomy of the femur into a spherical shape is followed by varus and anterior rotation using navigation to increase indications and improve postoperative outcomes. Methods Nine joints of eight patients who underwent SVRO and could be followed up for > 1 year were included in the study. Disease types determined preoperatively according to the JIC classification were type C1 for four joints and type C2 for five joints. Preoperative disease JIC classification stages were 3a for eight joints and 1 for one joint. SVRO was performed using OrthoMap® 3D Navigation software, and the following variables were measured: surgery time, intraoperative blood loss, difference between preoperative and postoperative angles of anteversion, postoperative lower limb length discrepancy, and postoperative intact area occupancy. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ) was used for clinical evaluation. Visual Analog Scale and JHEQ scores were evaluated preoperatively and at the final follow-up. Results The measurement results were as follows: surgery time, 130 min; blood loss, 200 ml; angle of varus, 20°; angle of anterior rotation, 30°; preoperative angle of anteversion, 15°; postoperative angle of anteversion, 22°; lower limb shortening, 11 mm; preoperative intact area occupancy, 0%; and postoperative intact area occupancy, 74.2%. There were no cases of progression in the postoperative stages or re-collapse. Conclusion SVRO allows for the repositioning of the exterior and posterior intact areas, providing a broader intact region postoperatively. This technique is particularly beneficial for young patients with ONFH and extensive necrosis and is a less invasive alternative to TRO. This procedure has been shown to be effective in achieving favorable outcomes in patients with extensive necrosis who would have otherwise required rotational osteotomy, depending on the necrosis location. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to validate these findings and establish long-term benefits.

Published
2024
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32. Relationship between the shoulder, trunk, and pelvis kinematics during the deceleration phase of throwing

Author

Takuya Aso, PT, PhD and Yoshinori Kagaya, PT, JSPO-AT, PhD

Subjects
Basic Science Study, Kinesiology, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

Background: The shoulder motion during pitching is influenced by the trunk and pelvis motions, but their relationship during the deceleration phase of throwing on flat ground has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between shoulder, trunk, and pelvis kinematics at the maximum internal rotation (MIR) of the shoulder during the deceleration phase of throwing on flat ground. Methods: The study participants included 17 male baseball players over 20 years old and at the recreational playing level. The recreational level was illustrated by players who did not practice at high intensity and had played only 1-2 competitions per week. Reflective markers were applied to the subject, and throwing motion was assessed using a three-dimensional motion capture system. Data were captured at 1000 Hz. We assessed the angle of the shoulder, spine, and pelvis at the MIR on flat ground. Internal shoulder rotation velocity and spinal and pelvic angular velocities were also assessed. The relationship between the shoulder, spine, and pelvis kinematics at the MIR was examined using simple linear regression analysis. Results: The internal shoulder rotation angle at the MIR was negatively associated with only the spinal flexion and rotation angle at the MIR (P = .006 and P = .010, respectively). No other significant associations between shoulder, spine, and pelvis kinematics were detected at the MIR. Conclusion: For throwing on flat ground, the internal shoulder rotation motion may be suppressed by producing trunk flexion and rotation motion at the MIR.

Published
2024
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34. Multi-wavelength study of the galactic PeVatron candidate LHAASO J2108+5157

Author

Abe, S., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Crespo, N. Alvarez, Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Arbet-Engels, A., Artero, M., Asano, K., Aubert, P., Baktash, A., Bamba, A., Larriva, A. Baquero, Baroncelli, L., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batkovic, I., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E., Bernardos, M. I., Medrano, J. Bernete, Berti, A., Bhattacharjee, P., Biederbeck, N., Bigongiari, C., Bissaldi, E., Blanch, O., Bordas, P., Buisson, C., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Buscemi, M., Cardillo, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Cassol, F., Cauz, D., Ceribella, G., Chai, Y., Cheng, K., Chiavassa, A., Chikawa, M., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costantini, H., D'Amico, G., Dalchenko, M., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Lotto, B., de Menezes, R., Deleglise, G., Delgado, C., Mengual, J. Delgado, della Volpe, D., Dellaiera, M., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Escudero, J., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Ferrara, G., Fiasson, A., Coromina, L. Freixas, Fröse, S., Fukami, S., Fukazawa, Y., Garcia, E., López, R. Garcia, Gasparrini, D., Geyer, D., Paiva, J. Giesbrecht, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giro, E., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Grau, R., Green, D., Green, J., Gunji, S., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hashiyama, K., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Llorente, J. Herrera, Hirotani, K., Hoffmann, D., Horns, D., Houles, J., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Hui, D., Hütten, M., Imazawa, R., Inada, T., Inome, Y., Ioka, K., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Jacquemont, M., Martinez, I. Jimenez, Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kong, A., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lainez, M., Lamanna, G., Lamastra, A., Flour, T. Le, Linhoff, M., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Lorini, A., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mannheim, K., Mariotti, M., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martinez, O., Martínez, G., Martínez, M., Marusevec, P., Mas-Aguilar, A., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Guillen, E. Mestre, Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Mizuno, T., Gonzalez, M. Molero, Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Monteiro, I., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Mrakovcic, K., Murase, K., Nagai, A., Nakamori, T., Nickel, L., Nievas, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okazaki, N., Okumura, A., Orito, R., Otero-Santos, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletić, L., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pietropaolo, E., Pirola, G., Podobnik, F., Poireau, V., Polo, M., Pons, E., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Priyadarshi, C., Prouza, M., Rando, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rizi, V., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Sanchez, D. A., Šarić, T., Saturni, F. G., Scherpenberg, J., Schleicher, B., Schmuckermaier, F., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schweizer, T., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Sitarek, J., Sliusar, V., Spolon, A., Strišković, J., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Sunada, Y., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Takahashi, H., Takata, J., Takeishi, R., Tam, P. H. T., Tanaka, S. J., Tateishi, D., Temnikov, P., Terada, Y., Terauchi, K., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, M., Tokanai, F., Torres, D. F., Travnicek, P., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Uhlrich, G., Vacula, M., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Verguilov, V., Viale, I., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Walter, R., Will, M., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zywucka, N., Balbo, M., Eckert, D., and Tramacere, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

LHAASO J2108+5157 is one of the few known unidentified Ultra-High-Energy (UHE) gamma-ray sources with no Very-High-Energy (VHE) counterpart, recently discovered by the LHAASO collaboration. We observed LHAASO J2108+5157 in the X-ray band with XMM-Newton in 2021 for a total of 3.8 hours and at TeV energies with the Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1), yielding 49 hours of good quality data. In addition, we analyzed 12 years of Fermi-LAT data, to better constrain emission of its High-Energy (HE) counterpart 4FGL J2108.0+5155. We found an excess (3.7 sigma) in the LST-1 data at energies E > 3 TeV. Further analysis in the whole LST-1 energy range assuming a point-like source, resulted in a hint (2.2 sigma) of hard emission which can be described with a single power law with photon index Gamma = 1.6 +- 0.2 between 0.3 - 100 TeV. We did not find any significant extended emission which could be related to a Supernova Remnant (SNR) or Pulsar Wind Nebula (PWN) in the XMM-Newton data, which puts strong constraints on possible synchrotron emission of relativistic electrons. The LST-1 and LHAASO observations can be explained as inverse Compton-dominated leptonic emission of relativistic electrons with a cutoff energy of $100^{+70}_{-30}$ TeV. The low magnetic field in the source imposed by the X-ray upper limits on synchrotron emission is compatible with a hypothesis of a PWN or a TeV halo. The lack of a pulsar in the neighborhood of the UHE source is a challenge to the PWN/TeV-halo scenario. The UHE gamma rays can also be explained as $\pi^0$ decay-dominated hadronic emission due to interaction of relativistic protons with one of the two known molecular clouds in the direction of the source. The hard spectrum in the LST-1 band is compatible with protons escaping a shock around a middle-aged SNR because of their high low-energy cut-off., Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables; Astronomy and Astrophysics (accepted on 6 March 2023)

Published
2022
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36. Assessment on interoceptive awareness on alcohol use and gambling disorders reveals dissociable interoceptive abilities linked to external and internal dependencies: Practical use of Body Perception Questionnaire Very Short Form (BPQ‐VSF) in clinical settings

Author

Giselle London, Hiroko Hida, Ariyuki Kagaya, Shigeto Yamawaki, and Maro G. Machizawa

Subjects
addictive disorders, alcohol misuse, body perception questionnaire, gamblingaddiction, interoception, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Abstract Interoception is one of the pivotal cognitive functions for mechanisms of our body awareness, and malfunction of the interoceptive network is thought to be associated with mental illness, including addiction. Within addictive disorders, substance‐based and non‐substance‐based addictions are known to hold dissociable reward systems. However, little is known about how interoceptive awareness between these addiction sub‐types would differ. Subjective interoceptive awareness was assessed among patients with alcohol use disorder (n = 50) who were subsequently hospitalized or remained out‐patient and gambling addiction (n = 41) by the Body Awareness component of the Japanese version of the Body Perception Questionnaire (BPQ‐VSFBA‐J) and compared them against healthy control (n = 809). Both addiction groups showed significantly lower BPQ than the control, with no substantial differences between inpatients and outpatients for alcohol samples. Notably, BPQ scores for gambling patients were significantly lower than those for the alcohol group. This evidence may suggest a putative role of interoceptive ability on the severity of behavioral addiction over substance‐based addiction.

Published
2024
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37. Tracing the origins of Plasmodium vivax resurgence after malaria elimination on Aneityum Island in Vanuatu

Author

Sho Sekine, Chim W. Chan, Morris Kalkoa, Sam Yamar, Harry Iata, George Taleo, Achyut KC, Wataru Kagaya, Yasutoshi Kido, and Akira Kaneko

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background Five years after successful malaria elimination, Aneityum Island in Vanuatu experienced an outbreak of Plasmodium vivax of unknown origin in 2002. Epidemiological investigations revealed several potential sources of P. vivax. We aimed to identify the genetic origin of P. vivax responsible for the resurgence. Methods Five P. vivax microsatellite markers were genotyped using DNA extracted from archived blood samples. A total of 69 samples from four P. vivax populations was included: 29 from the outbreak in 2002, seven from Aneityum in 1999 and 2000, 18 from visitors to Aneityum in 2000, and 15 from nearby Tanna Island in 2002. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree was constructed to elucidate the relationships among P. vivax isolates. STRUCTURE and principal component analysis were used to assess patterns of genetic structure. Results Here we show distinct genetic origins of P. vivax during the outbreak on Aneityum. While the origin of most P. vivax lineages found during the outbreak remains unidentified, limited genetic diversity among these lineages is consistent with a rapid expansion from a recent common ancestor. Contemporaneous P. vivax from neighboring Tanna and potential relapse of P. vivax acquired from other islands in 1999 and 2000 are also identified as minor contributors to the outbreak. Conclusions Multiple reintroductions of P. vivax after elimination highlight the high receptivity and vulnerability to malaria resurgence in island settings of Vanuatu, despite robust surveillance and high community compliance to control measures.

Published
2024
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38. Deglutition dynamics of patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Author

Satoshi Ito, Yoichiro Aoyagi, Masatoshi Hirata, Miho Ohashi, Hitoshi Kagaya, Hiroya Inada, Ayami Kimura, Kazuki Shikano, Masamichi Kaneko, Takayuki Okano, and Seiichi Nakata

Subjects
deglutition, osa, emg, sleep, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Objectives: In the present study, we performed a detailed analysis of deglutitive dynamics during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using a methodology developed by Sato et al. We hypothesized that the frequency of deglutition would decrease with increasing severity of OSA. The aim of this study is to clarify the involvement of deglutitive dynamics during sleep in OSA by investigating the correlations between deglutition and sleep parameters. Methods: This study included 30 adult patients with OSA. To analyze deglutition dynamics during sleep, surface electromyography recordings of the suprahyoid and thyrohyoid neck muscles, which are involved in deglutition, were performed simultaneous with conventional polysomnography. The “index of deglutition” was defined as the frequency of deglutition per hour of sleep. We examined correlations between this index and sleep parameters (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI], apnea index, hypopnea index, and lowest blood oxygen saturation). Results: By analyzing the obtained polysomnography and electromyography waveforms, we identified two deglutition patterns with and without respiratory arousal during sleep. We found a significant negative correlation between the index of deglutition in sleep stage 1 and the AHI, with a correlation coefficient of –0.48. (p=0.02) Conclusions: In the current study, we distinguished deglutition during sleep with and without arousal. In addition we discovered a significant negative correlation between the index of deglutition in sleep stage 1 and the AHI. This new finding will provide a platform for future research on OSA in aspiration pneumonia.

Published
2024
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39. The price of attention: An analysis of the intersection of media coverage and public sentiments about eggs and egg prices

Author

Sachina Kagaya, Nicole Olynk Widmar, and Valerie Kilders

Subjects
Consumer perceptions, Egg prices, Inflation, Media coverage, Social media analytics, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

Retail prices for eggs surged during the period from early 2022 to mid-2023 in the U.S. We investigate the impact of egg price fluctuations on online and social media discourse, analyzing the relationship between egg prices and public sentiment. Utilizing online and social media listening data from September 2019 to August 2023, we explore how the total number of statements (i.e., mentions) and sentiment respond to changes in egg prices in the U.S. We find a significant association between increases in egg prices and both the volume of mentions and the sentiment of online discussions. Notably, mentions increased and sentiment became more negative as egg prices rose, highlighting a clear public response to price changes. However, the relationship between egg prices and online and social media attention is complex, which becomes apparent when studying the timing of increased concern with the timing of online news media coverage. Importantly, using regression discontinuity in time, we show that online and social media conversations about eggs and egg prices tend to increase after the rapid rise in online news coverage. Similarly, online and social media conversations about eggs and egg prices tend to decrease after the rapid rise in online news coverage.

Published
2025
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40. Self-Organized Criticality Explains Readiness Potential

Author

Kagaya, Katsushi, Kubota, Tomoyuki, and Nakajima, Kohei

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract

Readiness potential is a widely observed brain activity in several species including crayfish before the spontaneous behavioral initiation. However, it is poorly understood how this spontaneous activity is generated. The hypothesis that some specific, dedicated site is responsible for the spontaneity has been questioned. Here, by using intracellular recording and staining of the brain neurons in crayfish and modeling using the sandpile, which is the original model of self-organized criticality (SOC), we show that readiness potential can emerge everywhere in the brain because it is a SOC system. Despite the diversity in neurons and their morphology, brain neurons showed signatures of criticality and readiness potential. We find that the previously known readiness potential in a neuron is a consequence of the critical behavior of the entire network. Indeed, seemingly unrelated membrane potential activity in neurons in different animals can shape readiness potential when its time series are averaged after their alignment with respect to the spontaneous behavioral initiation. We show that the sandpile model not made for the potential, can form the premovement buildup activity similar to readiness potential. Scaling properties of the synaptic avalanches are in line with those of vertebrate species; thus, not only is the critical brain hypothesis supported in crayfish, but our findings might also provide a unified view of the basis of spontaneity in animal behavior.

Published
2022

41. Long-term repeated botulinum toxin a treatment over 12 years gradually changes gait characteristics: single-case study

Author

Hiroki Tanikawa, Hitoshi Kagaya, Shota Itoh, Kento Katagiri, Hikaru Kondoh, Kenta Fujimura, Satoshi Hirano, and Toshio Teranishi

Subjects
Muscle Spasticity, Gait Analysis, Gait Disorders, Stroke, Botulinum Toxins, Medicine
Abstract

Objective: To demonstrate the long-term efficacy of repeated botulinum toxin A injections into the same muscles for ameliorating lower limb spasticity and gait function. Design: Single-case study Patient: A 36-year-old woman with right cerebral haemorrhage received her first botulinum toxin A injection 1,296 days after onset. The patient underwent 30 treatments over 12 years after the first injection to improve upper and lower limb spasticity and abnormal gait patterns. The mean duration between injections was 147 days. Methods: The Modified Ashworth Scale, passive range of motion, gait velocity, and degree of abnormal gait patterns during treadmill gait were evaluated pre-injection and at 2, 6, and 12 weeks after every injection. Results: The follow-up period showed no injection-related adverse events. Comfortable overground gait velocity gradually improved over 30 injections. The Modified Ashworth Scale and passive range of motion improved after each injection. Pre-injection values of the degree of pes varus, circumduction, hip hiking, and knee extensor thrust improved gradually. However, the degree of contralateral vaulting, excessive lateral shift of the trunk, and insufficient knee flexion did not improve after 30 injections. Conclusion: Repeated botulinum toxin A injections effectively improve abnormal gait patterns, even when a single injection cannot change these values.

Published
2024
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42. Dynamic changes in proresolving lipid mediators and their receptors following acute vascular injury in male rats

Author

Hideo Kagaya, Alexander S. Kim, Mian Chen, Pei‐Yu Lin, Xuanzhi Yin, Matthew Spite, and Michael S. Conte

Subjects
angioplasty, inflammation, lipid mediators, neointima, resolution, Physiology, QP1-981
Abstract

Abstract Acute vascular injury provokes an inflammatory response, resulting in neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) and downstream pathologies. The resolution of inflammation is an active process in which specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPM) and their receptors play a central role. We sought to examine the acute phase response of SPM and their receptors in both circulating blood and the arterial wall in a rat angioplasty model. We found that the ratio of proresolving to pro‐inflammatory lipid mediators (LM) in plasma decreased sharply 1 day after vascular injury, then increased slightly by day 7, while that in arteries remained depressed. Granulocyte expression of SPM receptors ALX/FPR2 and DRV2/GPR18, and a leukotriene B4 receptor BLT1 increased postinjury, while ERV1/ChemR23 expression was reduced early and then recovered by day 7. Importantly, we show unique arterial expression patterns of SPM receptors in the acute setting, with generally low levels through day 7 that contrasted sharply with that of the pro‐inflammatory CCR2 receptor. Overall, these data document acute, time‐dependent changes of LM biosynthesis and SPM receptor expression in plasma, leukocytes, and artery walls following acute vascular injury. A biochemical imbalance between inflammation and resolution LM pathways appears persistent 7 days after angioplasty in this model. These findings may help guide therapeutic approaches to accelerate vascular healing and improve the outcomes of vascular interventions for patients with advanced atherosclerosis.

Published
2024
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45. Quasiconvexity preserving property for fully nonlinear nonlocal parabolic equations

Author

Kagaya, Takashi, Liu, Qing, and Mitake, Hiroyoshi

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

This paper is concerned with a general class of fully nonlinear parabolic equations with monotone nonlocal terms. We investigate the quasiconvexity preserving property of positive, spatially coercive viscosity solutions. We prove that if the initial value is quasiconvex, the viscosity solution to the Cauchy problem stays quasiconvex in space for all time. Our proof can be regarded as a limit version of that for power convexity preservation as the exponent tends to infinity. We also present several concrete examples to show applications of our result., Comment: 24 pages

Published
2022

47. Prevalence and causes of subacute cough in Japan

Author

Ishiura, Yoshihisa, Fujimura, Masaki, Ogawa, Haruhiko, Hara, Johsuke, Shintani, Hiromoto, Hozawa, Soichiro, Atsuta, Ryo, Fukumitsu, Kensuke, Inoue, Hideki, Shioya, Takanobu, Muraki, Masato, Amemiya, Tokunao, Ohkura, Noriyuki, Oribe, Yoshitaka, Tanaka, Hiroshi, Yamada, Takechiyo, Toyoshima, Mikio, Fujimori, Katsuya, Ishizuka, Tamotsu, Kagaya, Manabu, Suzuki, Takeshi, Kita, Toshiyuki, Nishi, Koichi, Ueda, Akihito, Miyata, Yoshito, Kitada, Junya, Yamamura, Kenta, Abo, Miki, Takeda, Norihisa, Shirai, Toshihiro, Tajiri, Tomoko, Yoshihara, Shigemi, Akamatsu, Taisuke, Sawaguchi, Hirochiyo, Nagano, Tatsuya, Hanada, Soichiro, Masuda, Sawako, Ohmichi, Mitsuhide, Ito, Tomoki, Sagara, Hironori, Matsumoto, Hisako, and Niimi, Akio

Published
2025
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49. Evaluation of a financial incentive intervention on malaria prevalence among the residents in Lake Victoria basin, Kenya: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial

Author

Tomoya Matsumoto, Masaru Nagashima, Wataru Kagaya, James Kongere, Jesse Gitaka, and Akira Kaneko

Subjects
Malaria, Malaria education, Conditional cash transfer, Lottery incentive scheme, Kenya, Cluster-randomized controlled trial, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background In the Lake Victoria basin of western Kenya, malaria remains highly endemic despite high coverage of interventions such as mass distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN), indoor residual spraying (IRS) programs, and improvement of availability and accessibility of rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) at community healthcare facilities. We hypothesize that one major cause of the residual transmission is the lack of motivation among residents for malaria prevention and early treatment. Methods This study will aim to develop a demand-side policy tool to encourage local residents’ active malaria prevention and early treatment-seeking behaviors. We examine the causal impact of a financial incentive intervention complemented with malaria education to residents in malaria-prone areas. A cluster-randomized controlled trial is designed to assess the effect of the financial incentive intervention on reducing malaria prevalence in residents of Suba South in Homa Bay County, Kenya. The intervention includes two components. The first component is the introduction of a financial incentive scheme tied to negative RDT results for malaria infection among the target population. This study is an attempt to promote behavioral changes in the residents by providing them with monetary incentives. The project has two different forms of incentive schemes. One is a conditional cash transfer (CCT) that offers a small reward (200 Ksh) for non-infected subjects during the follow-up survey, and the other is a lottery incentive scheme (LIS) that gives a lottery with a 10% chance of winning a large reward (2000 Ksh) instead of the small reward. The second component is a knowledge enhancement with animated tablet-based malaria educational material (EDU) developed by the research team. It complements the incentive scheme by providing the appropriate knowledge to the residents for malaria elimination. We evaluate the intervention’s impact on the residents’ malaria prevalence using a cluster-randomized control trial. Discussion A policy tool to encourage active malaria prevention and early treatment to residents in Suba South, examined in this trial, may benefit other malaria-endemic counties and be incorporated as part of Kenya’s national malaria elimination strategy. Trial registration UMIN000047728. Registered on 29th July 2022.

Published
2024
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