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Brief scientific biography of a well-known scientist, a leader in the field of experimental study of crystallization processes with usage the holographic method for quantitative analysis of temperature-convective inhomogeneities in the «growth-criticalstone» system, a specialist in crystallographic-mineralogical study of diamonds and their accessory minerals, a successful researcher of modern mineral formation at Kamchatka volcanoes, one of the founders of the «literally from scratch» enterprise for the production of industrial diamonds.

The history of the discovery of diamonds in the products of Kamchatka volcanic eruptions is briefly described, and the results of comprehensive studies of Tolbachin diamonds including crystallomorphology, faceted sculptures, xenomineral greases and films on the surface, nanomicroswitches, impurity elements, spectroscopic properties, isotopic composition of carbon and nitrogen are summarized. The conclusion is drawn about the natural origin of the Tolbachin diamonds formed directly in the volcanic ash-gas cloud by crystallization from gases stimulated by atmospheric electric discharges.

Mineralogical and geochemical features of hydrothermal metasomatites of the Southern Kamchatka were studied. The probable physico-chemical conditions of formation of the studied mineral inclusions in hydrothermally altered rocks are considered.

The results of X-ray structural, electron-microscopic, and X-ray spectral microprobe studies of Al-based metal solid solutions that underwent nuclear disintegration and that were discovered in nature for the first time are presented. Based on the similarity to technical counterparts, it is suggested to recognize the previously unknown alloys as natural duralumin.

The characteristics of formation of the opal mineralization in the host rock within Mutnovskaya volcanic zone were studied. The type of metasomatic rock alteration and its consecutive order were established. The results of study allowed identifying the mineral inclusions in opals, which was linked to the metalliferousness of the Mutnovsky hydrothermal system. Probable mechanism of opals formation within the North Mutnovskaya zone is considered, and its characteristics are compared to those from the opal field Raduzhnoye, Primorye.

Совокупность геологических, геохронологических, петрографических и минералого-геохимических данных свидетельствует об участии в образовании бразильских алмазоносных конгломератов эндогенного, предположительно мантийного по происхождению, вещества. Не исключено, что алмазоносные породы из формации Сопа-Брумадиньо в Восточной Бразилии являются не вторичными (коллекторами), как это традиционно считается, а первичными источниками алмазов в современных россыпях, поиски которых ведутся здесь уже около 200 лет. Изучение бразильских, уральских и якутских алмазов подтверждает существование в природе единого бразильско-уральского типа округлых алмазов, характерных для особого флюидизатного типа коренных алмазных месторождений. По данным фотогониометрических исследований устанавливается, что кривогранная форма алмазов является результатом длительного мантийного процесса растворения, сочетающегося с механическим истиранием и химическим травлением, происходящими преимущественно в эндогенных условиях. Впервые получены количественные данные о морфологических различиях округлых алмазов в кимберлитовых и некимберлитовых месторождениях. Результаты спектроскопических исследований указывают на принципиальные особенности бразильских алмазов – очень широкие вариации по параметрам ИК-поглощения, преобладание среди алмазов подтипа IаВ1, высокую степень агрегации структурной примеси азота и, в частности повышенную концентрацию плейтелетс, обогащение водородными центрами и центрами систем Н3 и Н4, часто преобладающими над центрами N3, повышенную (1150–1200°С) температуру и значительную длительность мантийного посткристаллизационного отжига. Вариации спектроскопических свойств свидетельствуют о кристаллизации бразильских алмазов в неустойчивой термодинамической обстановке.

The particles of native aluminum that were extracted from ejecta of the 1988 Klyuchevskoi eruption were found to contain numerous inclusions of ultramicrodiamonds of the cuboctahedral habitus. We discuss the results of X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray structural, and spectroscopic studies of minerals that support the previous inference as to electric-shock–stimulated crystallization of diamonds from volcanic gases.

Planning and organisation of allo-grafting performed on the soldier's face. According to the experience of military conflicts facial trauma with the Ioss of person's social function occurs in 4,5-5% of patients with such injury. In most cases, these injuries can be fixed with the help of reconstructive plastic surgery using their own tissue. However, some of the wounded to various reasons the use of autologous tissue is not possible or does not allow adequately restoring the appearance and function of the person. In such cases the only way is a donor allograft. There are just over 3 dozens of such successful operations, which indicates of their uniqueness and complexity. In May 2015 at the S.M.Kirov Military Medical Academy for the first time in our country made a successful transplantation of a difficult graft to a conscript, who was injured during the duty. The article presents the basic directions of the planning and organization of this unique operation.

A study of the boron-carbon-nitrogen system was carried out to synthesize new materials and examine phase relations. Crystalline graphite- and diamond-like BCN phases were synthesized by thermobaric treatment of mixtures of boron with carbon nitride or melamine powders. These BCN phases crystallized in the basic lattice of boron nitride with statistically distributed carbon atoms. New structural modifications were discovered by studying the kinetics of phase formation. The hexagonal lattice of a graphite-like phase is transformed by a diffusionless mechanism into a cubic structure at pressures of around 6.5 GPa. A diamond-like BCN phase was synthesized in the form of individual crystals or polycrystalline aggregates. The microstructure of these aggregates is comparable to natural and synthetic carbonado-type diamond. The obtained results argue in favour of the hypothesis that natural carbonados formed in the Earth’s mantle.

The morphology and defects in diamond grains comprising Brazilian carbonado have been investigated using X-ray diffraction, photo- and X-ray luminescence, electron paramagnetic resonance and Raman spectroscopy. Paramagnetic and non-paramagnetic defects in the diamond structure indicate that many of the studied carbonado samples were annealed under mantle conditions, although for a relatively short period of time. Diamond grains show various growth morphological forms with low degrees of dissolution. Individual diamond grains are characterised by a number of important features, such as reentrant apices and incomplete growth layers on faces. We suggest that micron-sized diamond single crystals of predominantly octahedral and cubooctahedral shape grew under conditions of decreasing carbon supersaturation. The temperature decrease serves as a plausible driving force for crystallisation. During the second stage of carbonado formation, mass crystallisation of diamond has occurred. The necessary C supersaturation was likely caused by crystallisation of other minerals, leading to decrease in the volume and/or structure of the parent solution.

The theoretical studying the strong interaction shifts and widths from X-ray spectroscopy of kaonic atoms is fulfilled. Sensing the strong interaction effects and theoretical estimating spectra of kaonic atomic systems can be considered as a new tool for studying nuclear structure and strong K-nucleus interaction

The levels energies and energy shifts are calculated for superheavy Li-like uranium and some kaonic and pionic atoms on the basis of the gauge-invariant QED perturbation theory (PT) with an account of nuclear, exchange-correlation and radiative effects. Estimating the spectra can be by a new tool for sensing the nuclear structure.

We present a new effective approach to construction of the electron Green function for the Dirac equation with a nonsingular central nuclear Fermi-model potential and complex energy. We represent the radial Green function as a combination of two fundamental solutions of the Dirac equation. The approach proposed includes a procedure of generating the relativistic electron functions Ψ with performance of the gauge invariance principle. To reach the gauge invariance principle performance, we use earlier developed QED perturbation theory approach. In the fourth order of the QED perturbation theory (PT) there are diagrams, whose contribution into imaginary part of radiation width ImdE for the multielectron system accounts for many-body correlation effects. A minimization of the functional ImdE leads to integral-differential Kohn-Sham-like density functional equations. Further check for the gauge principle performance is realized by means of the Ward identities. In the numerical procedure we use the effective algorithm, within which a definition of the Dirac equation fundamental solutions is reduced to solving the single system of the differential equations. This system includes also the differential equations for the Fermi-model nuclear potential and equations for calculating the integrals of the ∫ ∫ dr1dr2 type in the Mohr formula for definition of the self-energy shift to atomic levels energies. Such an approach allows to compensate a main source of the errors, connected with numerical integration ∫dξ and summation on χ in the Mohr expressions during calculating the self-energy radiative correction to the atomic levels energies. Some numerical illustrations of applying the approach within QED PT to calculate the intermediate and high-Z Li-like ions transitions energies are presented. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2009

Using the method of pyrolysis—gas chromatography, the composition of fluid inclusions in Brazilian carbonado and associating monocrystalline diamonds were investigated for the first time. Temperature trends were obtained for the composition of the released gas phase; based on this data, it was concluded that the diamonds include two generations of inclusions: those decrepitating at temperatures below 500°C and above 500°C. It was found that the fluid released from carbonado at high temperatures is anomalously enriched in carbon monoxide, which is strongly different from the characteristics of both the products of intracrustal mineral, rock, and ore formation and the results of crust—mantle interaction.

A theory of classical rotation and alignment of diatomic molecules with and without permanent dipole moments and of their molecular ions in strong laser fields is developed. The actions of both cw and pulsed laser fields is considered. Conditions under which molecular axes are aligned with the field, which is presumed to be linearly polarized, have been determined. The analysis leads to a conclusion that molecules exposed to ultrashort laser pulses continue to rotate even after the end of the laser pulse. The effect of dynamical chaos on the rotational angular velocity in strong laser field is discussed.

The curvilinear surfaces of 47 diamonds from Macaúbas river basin (MG) were studied on theparabolic goniometer. For the diamond description primary genetic value is given to the form of thecrystal, but the secondary is given to the sculpture of the surface. Crystallographic terms: octahedroid,dodecahedroid, cuboid are usually used for classification of the form of the diamonds. For practicalpurposes this is possible to consider reasonable. To determine the figure of the curve-faced crystal,the main indicator is the position of maximum of intensity of reflected light on the stereographicprojections of crystal, but not angular sizes of the reflex. Curvilinear faces of diamonds suggest theirdissolution processes. The symmetry of crystal shape Oh for such diamonds usually decreases to C2h,C3h or C4h, which explains a crystal rotation at the dissolution according to the P. Curie principle. Thecurvilinear surfaces of the diamond crystals are possible to describe by means of fragments of thesurfaces of triaxial ellipsoid duplicated with symmetry group Oh up to twelve. Ellipsoid have semiaxisA1, A2, A3, numbered in the order of their growth, and well-ordered relatively to the crystalstructure. Axis A2 is always directed along the axis L4, but two other axes are inclined to axis L2 underthe small angle (up to 7 degrees). Angle á defines an appearance of so called “face-seam” on thesurfaces of the diamond. There are 24 curvilinear surfaces formed the dodecahedroid with “faceseams”,as a limiting shape of the diamond dissolution. Ellipsoidal surface of the diamond is thedynamic indicator of stability of the crystal structure of a homoeopolar crystal to the processes ofdissolution and partly detrition. The existence of both a triangular etching pits with the flat bottomon the surfaces (111) and a negative relief of the surface for all directions shows a regenerationprocess of a diamond.

Left ventricular assist device "Incor" ("Berlinhear", Germany) implantation experience in patient with ischemic cardiomiopathy and severe congestive heart failure is presented. Left ventricular assist device implantation was followed by coronary artery bypass grafting simultaneously. Total assist time was 211 days. Complications developed during assisting time are shown. After Left ventricular assist device explantation three chamber pacemaker was implanted as cardiac resynchronization therapy. Left ventricular end diastolic size decreased (from 78 to 70 mm), ejection fraction increased (from 19 to 35%) during assist time.

The study revealed that 92.5% of female patients consulted by themselves the physician on the subject of mastopathy were town inhabitants with secondary special and humanitarian higher education from the white-collar social group. The concomitant diseases of digestial organs and urogenital system and the deviant psychological characteristics of personality as well had been registered reliably much more frequently among women with a mastopathy in comparison with the control group. More than 70% of females noted the intensification of mastopathy symptoms after the exacerbation of somatic diseases and nervous stresses. Also, more than 80% of female patients experienced psychological discomfort due to doctor's referral to the oncological dispensary. In authors'judgment, the special-purpose mammological consulting rooms under maternity welfare clinics and polyclinics has to be organized to provide efficient diagnostics, treatment and psychological adjustment of female patients with benignant diseases of mammary glands.

Relativistic calculation of the spectrum hyperfine structure parameters for heavy atoms and multicharged ions with an account of the relativistic, correlation, nuclear, quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects is carried out. Our calculation method is based on the gauge-invariant QED perturbation theory (PT) with using the optimized one-quasiparticle representation firstly in the theory of the hyperfine structure for relativistic systems. The energies and constants of the hyperfine structure, derivatives of the one-electron characteristics on nuclear radius, nuclear electric quadrupole, magnetic dipole moments Q for atom of the hydrogen 1H (test calculation), superheavy H-like ion with nuclear charge Z = 170, Li-like multicharged ions with Z = 20 ÷ 100, neutral atoms of 235U, 201Hg and 227Ra are calculated.

Immunochemical tests of blood sera from 160 healthy residents of the town of Astrakhan were performed to determine standard quantities of ferritin and lactoferrin in the serum. Examinations of the saliva from 280 healthy subjects provided the frequency of occurrence and levels of excretory lactoferrin. These iron-containing proteins were also assessed in different biosubstrates (blood serum, sputum, saliva, pleural fluid, lung tissues) from 550 patients with benign and malignant lesions of the lungs and pleura. Tests for ferritin and lactoferrin proved useful in evaluation of bronchopulmonary inflammation activity, early detection of pulmonary and intrapleural supputation, differential diagnosis of chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases and lung cancer. The excretory salivary lactoferrin provided sufficient information on the condition of adaptive mechanisms of local defense of the lungs in premorbid state in 420 workers of the gas-processing plant exposed to aggressive occupational pollutants.

Immunochemical testing of salivary samples of 73 patients revealed a positive correlation between increased level of lactoferrin and the presence of chronic pancreatoduodenal diseases (gastroduodenitis, gastroduodenal ulcers, polyps of the antral portion of the stomach, cholecystitis, cholangitis, cholelithiasis, hepatitis, and pancreatitis, correlation coefficient 0.9). The test is proposed as a cheap and informative method for screening of the above diseases.

The examination of 150 patients with pleural exudate of different origin (43 cases of malignant and 107 cases of benign genesis) was made to elucidate diagnostic value of immunochemical serum and pleural fluid estimation of four tumor-associated proteins: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG), placental alkaline phosphatase (PAP), ferritin; three acute-phase proteins: C-reactive protein (CRP), lactoferrin, fibrin degradation products (FDP); expression of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) in e date cells using monoclonal antibodies ICO-25. Determination CEA, beta 2-MG in the serum and pleural fluid, antituberculous an bodies in biological fluids proved diagnostically valuable for verification of pleural exudate characteristics. The discriminant analysis provided formulas for this differential diagnosis. The method identification in pleural fluid of cells expressing EMA with the use of monoclonal antibodies ICO-25 was found to be 2 times more efficient in detection of cancer cells than the standard light microscopy.

An analysis of the electromagnetic and strong interactions contributions to the transitions energies in the X-ray spectra of some pionic atomic systems is presented within the relativistic theory.

The authors suggest a simple and convenient procedure for measuring acute-phase proteins, lactoferrin, fibrinogen and its degradation products, in mixed human saliva by the agar immunodiffusion test with appropriate monospecific antisera. Examinations of 1205 salivary samples have revealed that salivary fibrinogen degradation products and lactoferrin detection rates do not depend on the subject's sex but are growing with age and intensity of the aggressive admixture effects in inhaled air; they are also related to the intensity of the inflammatory and proliferative processes in the oral cavity and bronchopulmonary system, the values varying from 4-16 percent in health to 68.8-71.8 percent in disease. In monitoring salivary acute-phase proteins detection rates make up 100 percent in the patients and 0-4 percent in normal subjects. The authors come to a conclusion that measurements of salivary acute-phase proteins may be used in screening of the population to detect subjects at risk for further diagnostic examinations.

Immunochemical and radioimmunological assays were used to measure the content of ferritin in blood, sputum and pleural fluid in patients with different pathology as well as in tissues of the pathologically altered lungs from patients who had died of chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases (CNPD) and lung carcinoma. The measurements of ferritin in blood and sputum provide additional possibilities of recognizing the process activity in CNPD and tuberculosis, in differential diagnosis between lung carcinoma and tuberculosis during comprehensive examination of patients. In the pathologically altered lungs, the greatest content of ferritin was discovered in the areas of pneumofibrosis associated with CNPD, in the stromal structures of the cancerous node.

Lactoferrin was estimated in human blood serum of 292 healthy persons and of 518 patients with various tumoral and non-tumoral diseases by means of an immunoenzymatic assay. The highest content of lactoferrin was detected under conditions of lymphogranulomatosis, malignant tumors of colon and acute pneumonia, while the protein concentration was decreased in impairments of liver tissue and in cancer of prostate.

Method of immunodiffusion titration of rabbit monospecific antiserum (The I. M. Mechnikov Central Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera of the USSR Ministry of Health) in agar was used to measure blood C-reactive protein (C-RP) level in patients with acute pneumonia (32), protracted pneumonia or activation of chronic non-specific lung pathology (101) and lung cancer (153) after a 3-4-week course of complex antiinflammatory treatment and a 10-14-day course of immunostimulation with pyrogenal (The N. F. Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology). A decrease in the incidence (from 81.2% to 14.2%) and level (from 1.4 +/- 0.3 to 0.3 +/- 0.03 mg%) of C-RP was observed in cases of non-tumor pathology whereas in patients with lung cancer those values rose in step with tumor progression (from 72.2% and 0.4 +/- 0.07 mg% at stage I to 96.3% and 1.2 +/- 0.12 mg% at stage IV). Treatment with pyrogenal allowed to identify C-RP in patients with false-negative reaction in all subgroups. Two-week dynamic C-RP curves characterizing non-tumor and tumor pathology of the lung were plotted.

Peripheral blood lactoferrin level and leukocyte count were measured by enzyme immunoassay in the sera of 288 normal subjects and 247 patients with malignant tumors of various localization. Normal lactoferrin level has been found 1055 +/- 191.0 ng/ml. In the patients it was changed either higher or lower, irrespective of the tumor site. This has led the authors to a conclusion on the acute phase pattern of the time course of lactoferrin level in oncologic patients. Elevation of lactoferrin level anticipated changes in leukocyte count.