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Background. A pressing issue is the choice of an anesthetic agent for liver transplantation. The mechanism of the organprotective properties of desflurane and sevoflurane is not fully understood. It is important to understand the effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on the severity of ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver graftAim. To study the effect of desflurane and sevoflurane on the intraoperative and early postoperative period in liver transplantation.Material and methods. The study included 47 patients with liver cirrhosis of various etiologies who underwent cadaveric liver transplantation between February and December 2020. The groups compared in the study included 24 patients who received desflurane and 23 patients who received sevoflurane.Results. There were no statistically significant differences in the effect of desflurane and sevoflurane on hemodynamic parameters, on the need for vasopressor drugs. Episodes of bradycardia and cardiac arrhythmias were significantly more frequent when using sevoflurane. Patients were extubated significantly faster after surgery in the desflurane group. In the early postoperative period, desflurane and sevoflurane did not adversely affect significantly the liver graft function and the degree of its ischemia-reperfusion injury. The groups appeared comparable in rates of using the renal replacement therapy, the incidence of the graft dysfunction development in the postoperative period, and the surgery outcomes.Conclusions. The use of modern inhalation anesthetics desflurane and sevoflurane to maintain anesthesia during liver transplantation does not adversely affect the course of the intraoperative and early postoperative period.

Despite all the advantages, shopping centers belong to the facilities with a high risk of emergencies, such as fires. These objects are exposed to natural emergencies, and pose a threat due to possible acts of terrorism and human factors. The purpose of this study is to simulate a fire and develop measures aimed at eliminating it. Modern technological solutions play a crucial role in ensuring the safety of shopping centers. An emergency situation (ES) occurs unexpectedly and develops spontaneously. It is necessary to act quickly and accurately. To carry out rescue and other urgent operations during the elimination of consequences, operational information on the facility and the adjacent territory is required.

Background. The problem of thromboses, including those associated with impaired hemostasis system, is relevant in orthotopic liver transplantation.Aim. To present the experience of intraoperative use of protein C during orthotopic liver transplantation in a patient with a high risk of recurrent portal vein thrombosis.Results. During orthotopic liver transplantation in a patient with a high risk of recurrent portal vein thrombosis, the intraoperative administration of the protein C preparation at a dosage of 500 IU contributed to the increase in plasma level of protein C by 48%. In the post-transplant period, recurrent portal vein thrombosis was not observed. Conclusion. Intraoperative administration of protein C in combination with basic therapy for orthotopic liver transplantation helps to prevent recurrent portal vein thrombosis.

The novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which originated in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has triggered an outbreak of a respiratory illness called COVID-19. Helium is a colorless inert gas, odorless and tasteless. Thermal helium-oxygen therapy is a new and innovative method that allows you to maintain the diffusion capacity of the lungs. The clinical case presented in this article shows that inhalation of a thermal gas mixture of helium and oxygen (t-He/O2) in the standard therapy of a patient with pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 positively influenced the clinical picture of the disease, improves gas exchange, and promotes accelerating the elimination of the virus, rehabilitation and discharge of the patient.

Background. Every year the number of patients with chronic renal failure is steadily increasing. Allogeneic kidney transplantation from a post-mortem donor is a radical method to cope with chronic renal failure, improving the quality and life expectancy of patients. Currently available inhalation anesthetics make it easy to control the depth of anesthesia; they are excreted by the lungs unchanged, providing a quick emergence from anesthesia and easy waking up of the patient. An “ideal” inhalation anesthetic used for kidney transplantation should have a minimal amount of adverse effects.The aim was to compare the efficacy of inhaled anesthetics used for allogeneic kidney transplantation from a posthumous donor.Material and methods. A randomized, prospective, single-center study included 62 patients with end-stage chronic renal failure. The subjects were divided into three groups depending on the type of the inhalation anesthetic used. The first group included patients who underwent low-flow inhalation anesthesia with desflurane, the second and third groups were comparator groups where patients received sevoflurane or isoflurane, respectively, as an inhalation anesthetic. When assessing hemodynamic parameters, most episodes of hemodynamic instability were seen in the isoflurane group; the most stable statistically significant values were observed in the sevoflurane group, and desflurane took an intermediate position.Results. The use of desflurane as an inhalation anesthetic in a kidney transplant provided a quicker recovery of consciousness and early extubation of the patient after anesthesia compared to the sevoflurane or isoflurane use. So desflurane proved to be the most efficient of the three studied inhalation anesthetics. Conclusion. Desflurane is the optimal inhalation anesthetic used in kidney transplantation.

This article covers a case of the rare, hereditarily caused disease, "Caroli Syndrome". The publication of this case is important because it shows that rare diseases occur, should be diagnosed and treated at all stages of patient care. It is important to know that this pathology is diagnosed and treated according to the state program — "Rare diseases".

Introduction. Modern education of children is one of the most rapidly changing systems, actively using modern capabilities of information and communication technologies and e-learning tools. Information and communication technologies increase the load on the visual, auditory analyzers, the nervous system and contribute to the development of overwork in children. The use of digital media is becoming increasingly widespread, not only in school, before and in preschool education. To substantiate the concept and integrated system of the hygienic safety of electronic educational content and children’s life in conditions of hyper-informatization, physiological and hygienic studies are required. Materials and methods. In order to develop the scientific foundations and technologies for ensuring the hygienic safety of children in the “Digital School”, an expert-analytical study was carried out based on the results of representative hygienic observations and non-randomized controlled studies with Contribution of volunteers. Results. Studies of childhood hygiene allowed justifying the modern system of hygiene and health care of children and adolescents in a hyper-informational society, including criteria of the hygienic safety, including in the editorial, intended for children and adolescents; sanitary rules and norms of ensuring the hygienic safety of the new generation; federal recommendations of medical support of students in the conditions of using information and communication technologies; federal guidelines for students ’mental health and well-being; recommendations to the family in the field of ensuring the safety of children’s life in a digital environment; recommendations to producers and distributors of content in the field of ensuring the medical, psychological and pedagogical safety of children’s life, including the age marking of information products; gaming educational and educational programs on the rules for the safe use of children on the Internet; a system for monitoring the effectiveness of hygienic safety policies and protecting children from negative information in a hyper-information society. Conclusion. The developed system and technologies for ensuring the hygienic safety of the “Digital School” are significant for the medical and preventive basis of the health saving of students in the Decade of Childhood in Russia (2018-2027).

In the article there are presented the results of physiological and hygienic evaluation of studies in kindergarten with the use of educational games on an electronic PC tablet. The study involved 44 foster-children. In one of the groups children in the classroom used the interactive game software on electronic PC tablets «Samsung», the same time while working with the PC tablet did not exceed 10 minutes, in the other - the classes were held traditionally. There were investigated the state of health, psychosomatic and psycho-emotional state of children, determined their functional readiness for systematic training in school, mental performance, the functional state of the central nervous system (CNS) by simple visual-motor reaction (SVMR) and reactions to a moving object (RDO). Developing of game sessions with the use of electronic PC tablets for 10 minutes were established to contribute to the activation of the central nervous system and increase in children resistance to the development of fatigue.

There was research on the influence of lessons with use of the interactive equipment in kindergarten on a functional condition of an organism of children aged 6-7years. The interactive board was used on all (two or three) lessons during the day. The continuous use of the interactive board on each lesson didn’t exceed 5 minutes, and in total - 15 minutes. During the game activity, lasting up to 10 minutes, the interactive table was used. The comparative analysis of results of the research hasn’t revealed differences in indices of exhaustion and a psychoemotional condition of children in response to the developing lessons with and without the use of the interactive equipment. The pronounced active influence of lessons with the use of the interactive equipment on the activity of the central nervous system of preschool children is established. It was shown in the significant increase in the speed of difficult sensomotoric responses and the decrease in the probability of occurrence of a mistake.

BackgroundWith the advent of medications with different mechanisms of action in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), clinicians face the challenge of personalizing the approach to the treatment of RA patients. One of the steps in this direction is to identify predictors of the effectiveness of the therapy. This work is devoted to the identification of predictors of the therapy effectiveness with the blocker of T cells co-stimulation - abatacept (ABA).ObjectivesSearch for clinical and immunological predictors of the effectiveness of ABA therapy.Methods91 patients were included in the study, most of them women, with high disease activity of RA (DAS28=5.1±1.0, SDAI=28±13.4, CDAI=25±12) and failure of previous biologics (51, 6%) and DMARDs (100%). Moreover, in 20% (n=18) of patients the inefficiency more than 2 biologics were recorded. The average duration of the disease was 3.0 (1.4–12) years, most patients were positive for RF 72.5%, ACCP 77%, AMCV 86%. In 44 patients the levels of RF, ACCP, AMCV and MMP-3 were assessed after 24 weeks of ABA therapy. In 36 patients enzyme-linked immunoassay was used to measure serum concentrations of biomarkers IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17AF, TNF-α, VEGF-A, IP-10, YKL-40 at baseline and after 24 weeks of ABA therapy. The effectiveness of therapy was assessed according to the EULAR criteria. ABA IV infusions were performed according to the standard schedule. Methods of parametric and non-parametric statistics were used in statistical analysis.ResultsABA treatment led to a significant decrease of disease activity assessed by DAS28, SDAI, CDAI starting from 3 months of therapy (pConclusionABA therapy led to a significant decrease in disease activity according to the main indices (DAS28, SDAI, CDAI). During ABA treatment, there was a decrease of important immunoinflammatory markers - IL-6, IP-10, MMP-3. AMCV positivity is significantly associated with higher efficacy of ABA therapy. Also, a high basal concentration of TNF-α could use as a predictor of possible failure of ABA therapy, and a high initial level of IP-10, on the contrary, indicates the possible efficacy of ABA therapy.ReferencesNoneDisclosure of InterestsNone declared

BackgroundAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the musculoskeletal system, that is often accompanied with a subclinical intestinal inflammation. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including, Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are the most frequent extra-articular manifestation in patients (pts) with AS. Several autoantibodies and antimicrobial antibodies are used as additional non-invasive serological markers for the diagnosis of CD and UC [1]. The evaluation of IBD-associated antibodies in AS pts provided conflicting results [2, 3].ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to determine the serum levels of IBD-specific antibodies in AS.MethodsWe studied 51 pts with AS fulfilled modified New York criteria (1984); (40M/11F); median and interquartile range (25th—75th percentile) of age 44.0; 34.0-49.0 years; disease duration 12.0; 5.0-20.0 years; BASDAI - 5.3; 4.5-6.4; ASDAS ESR - 3.6; 3.0-4.4; ASDAS CRP - 3.7; 2.8-4.5; 40% HLA-27 positive. In 22% of pts with AS, IBD (CD and UC) were diagnosed. The control group included 44 healthy donors (HC). Atypical perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) were detected using indirect immunofluorescence. The serum levels of IgA/IgG antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA), IgA/IgG antibodies to glycoprotein 2 (GP2), IgG antibodies to cathepsin G, lactoferrin, elastase and bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI) were detected by ELISA.ResultsAS pts without signs of IBD and AS with IBD (AS/IBD) pts had significantly higher serum levels of IgA ASCA, IgA anti-GP2, anti-elastase antibodies than HC (4.5; 2.6-6.4 U/ml and 4.9; 3.7-7.3 U/ml vs 1.9; 0.6-2.6 U/ml, p=0.0008, p=0.001; 1.2; 0.8-5.5 U/ml and 1.2; 0.9-11.8 U/ml vs 0.7; 0.6-1.3 U/ml, p=0.007, p=0.02; 8.2; 5.9-9.9 U/ml and 9.1; 8.5-10.5 U/ml vs 5.6; 4.7-8.3 U/ml, p=0.01, p=0.003). The median concentration of anti-cathepsin G antibodies was greater for AS/IBD pts than AS pts (0.8; 0.5-1.0 U/ml vs 0.4; 0.3-0.6 U/ml, p=0.02). In AS and AS/IBD, the occurrence of anti-elastase antibodies (23.0%, 33.0%) was higher than for HC (0%, p=0.05, p=0.01). The positivity rate of IgA anti-GP2 in AS/IBD exceeded that in HC (27.0% vs 0%, p=0.025). AS/IBD pts demonstrated a higher prevalence of pANCA (36.0%), and anti-BPI antibodies (36.0%), when compared to AS alone (4.8%, p=0.005, and 8.0%, p=0.02) and HC (0%, p=0.0001, and 0%, p=0.008).ConclusionOur findings indicate that elevated serum levels of IgA ASCA, IgA anti-GP2, anti-elastase antibodies in AS did not differ from those in AS/IBD and may serve as potential biomarkers for predicting intestinal inflammation at an early stage. For AS/IBD, the most useful diagnostic markers were atypical pANCA, IgA ASCA, IgA anti-GP2, anti-elastase and anti-BPI antibodies.References[1]Prideaux L, De Cruz P, Ng SC, Kamm MA. Serological antibodies in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2012; 18(7):1340-55.[2]Benfaremo D, Luchetti M, Gabrielli A. Biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease-associated spondyloarthritis: state of the art and unmet needs. J Immunol Res. 2019 May 30; 2019:8630871.[3]De Vries M, Van Der Horst-Bruinsma I, Van Hoogstraten I., et al. pANCA, ASCA, and OmpC antibodies in patients with ankylosing spondylitis without inflammatory bowel disease. J Rheumatol. 2010; 37(11):2340–4.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared

BackgroundDespite the high efficacy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapy, in routine clinical practice, clinicians face questions about the choice of a second biologics, as well as the possibility of biologics monotherapy. Therefore, the specialties of biologics use in these categories of patients are of great clinical interest. This work is devoted to the study of the effectiveness of abatacept (ABA) therapy in biologic-naïve and biologic-experienced patients and in the subgroup of ABA monotherapy.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of ABA therapy between biologic-naïve and patients who had experienced an inadequate response to biological agents and in the subgroup of ABA monotherapy.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled and followed 91 patients with high RA activity (SDAI=28±13.4, CDAI=25±12) and an inadequate response of conventional synthetic DMARDs (mainly methotrexate, 70.3%) and biologics (mainly TNF-α blockers, 93%) were included in the study. Most of the patients were middle-aged (49±13.5), positive for RF (72.5%) and ACCP (77%) with moderate functional impairment - 1.4 (0.9-2). Patients were divided into two groups: biologic-naïve (48.4%, n=44) and biologic-experienced patients (51.6%, n=47). 18% (n=17) of patients had a history of an inadequate response of 2 or more biologics. The ABA monotherapy group (13%, n=12) was assessed separately. ABA were administered IV, 10 mg/kg according to the standard scheme. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the therapy was carried out according to the EULAR/ACR 2011 criteria using the intention-to-treat approach and SDAI, CDAI and the functional state using the HAQ.ResultsABA led to a significant (pConclusionAbatacept has shown significant improvement clinical and functional status in all studied groups. There were no significant differences in response to ABA therapy between biologic-naïve and biologic-experienced patients. ABA monotherapy were significantly worse compared with the combination therapy of ABA and csDMARDs after 6 months. After 12th month observation, this tendency continued, but no significant differences were achieved. This is probably due to the small number of patients on ABA monotherapy and, as a result, to the insufficient statistical representativeness of the sample.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared

The paper discusses promising approaches to pathogenetic treatment of tuberculous uveitis from the standpoint of the concept of free radical oxidation of lipids and antioxidant protection. An overview of medications currently used is provided. An experiment aimed at finding promising molecules with oxidative and antioxidant activity is reported // Russian Ophthalmological Journal, 2016; 3: 75-9. doi: 10.21516/2072-0076-2016-9-3-75-79.

The epidemiological situation with tuberculosis in Russia continues to be strained. The issues of accurate diagnosis and treatment remain unsolved; these issues are particularly urgent for the patients after solid organ transplantation because of a higher risk of the disease development while on drug immunosuppression. This article has described the clinical case of a patient with a clinical presentation of disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis that emerged in a steroidresistant rejection. The issues of drug therapy and drug interactions with anti-tuberculosis and immunosuppressive agents have been discussed.

Introduction. The purpose of the study was to assess the hygienic impact of classes with using an interactive whiteboard and an interactive table on the functional state of the body of preschool children aged 6-7 years. Material and methods. The results of studies of the impact of classes using interactive equipment in kindergarten on the functional state of the body of children aged 6-7 years. The interactive whiteboard was used in all classes (two or three) during the day. Continuous duration of its use at each session did not exceed 5 minutes, in total - 15 minutes during play activities used the interactive table which lasted up to 10 min. Results. The comparative analysis of the results of the studies did not reveal any differences in the indices of fatigue and psycho-emotional state of children in the response to developmental activities with and without the use of interactive equipment. The expressed activating influence of occupations with use of the interactive equipment on the activity of the central nervous system is established. This was manifested in a significant increase in the speed of complex sensorimotor responses and a decrease in the probability of an error. Discussion. In our opinion, the approximate response to the novelty, bright and attractive form of information presentation with the interactive equipment lead to the functional mobilization of brain structures involved in the analysis of information, followed by a more pronounced concentration of attention, creates an optimal tone of the central nervous system, providing ease and speed of lockings and functioning of nerve connections underlying learning.

Experimental studies have reported on the anti-inflammatory properties of polyphenols. However, results from epidemiological investigations have been inconsistent and especially studies using biomarkers for assessment of polyphenol intake have been scant. We aimed to characterise the association between plasma concentrations of thirty-five polyphenol compounds and low-grade systemic inflammation state as measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). A cross-sectional data analysis was performed based on 315 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort with available measurements of plasma polyphenols and hsCRP. In logistic regression analysis, the OR and 95 % CI of elevated serum hsCRP (>3 mg/l) were calculated within quartiles and per standard deviation higher level of plasma polyphenol concentrations. In a multivariable-adjusted model, the sum of plasma concentrations of all polyphenols measured (per standard deviation) was associated with 29 (95 % CI 50, 1) % lower odds of elevated hsCRP. In the class of flavonoids, daidzein was inversely associated with elevated hsCRP (OR 0·66, 95 % CI 0·46, 0·96). Among phenolic acids, statistically significant associations were observed for 3,5-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid (OR 0·58, 95 % CI 0·39, 0·86), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid (OR 0·63, 95 % CI 0·46, 0·87), ferulic acid (OR 0·65, 95 % CI 0·44, 0·96) and caffeic acid (OR 0·69, 95 % CI 0·51, 0·93). The odds of elevated hsCRP were significantly reduced for hydroxytyrosol (OR 0·67, 95 % CI 0·48, 0·93). The present study showed that polyphenol biomarkers are associated with lower odds of elevated hsCRP. Whether diet rich in bioactive polyphenol compounds could be an effective strategy to prevent or modulate deleterious health effects of inflammation should be addressed by further well-powered longitudinal studies. © The Authors 2019.

Kidney transplantation is one of the most promising ways to ensure the onset and successful maintenance of pregnancy in patients with end-stage chronic renal disease. A multicomponent drug therapy in such patients creates risks for fetal development, primarily due to the teratogenicity of mTOR receptor inhibitors and mycophenolate. Moreover, the inhibitors of the proliferative signal may have potential drug interactions, which can result in additional complications.Rhabdomyolysis is one of them. The paper describes the clinical case of an acute episode of reversible rhabdomyolysis in a patient on everolimus therapy.

Introduction: Allergies are the most common reason of the chronic diseases in developed countries and represent an important medical, social and economic issue, the relevance of which is growing both in these countries and in Ukraine. The most famous of these allergens group is the pollen of ambrosia and pollen of poaceae, which are ubiquitously distributed in the subtropical and temperate climate. The aim: The objective of our study was to develop the mathematical models, which will be able to indicate the probability of the pollen circulation, and thus these models can simplify the forecast of symptoms risk and improve the prophylaxis of pollinosis.Materials and methods: The research was conducted on the basis of the research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia in the years 2012-2014. A volumetric sampler of the Hirst type was used for the air sampling. The observation was conducted from the first of April to the thirty-first of October. For the initial preparation of the tables and intermediate calculations, Excel software package was used. The software STATISTICA 10.0 was applied to calculate the average coefficients values and their statistical characteristics (beta-values, errors of the mean values, Student's t-test, veracity and the factors percentage contribution into the function variation).Results: Statistically significant correlation between pollen concentrations of herbaceous plants and individual meteorological factors was found; classificational functions were designed by which it is possible to calculate the probability of presence or absence of Artemisia pollen in the atmosphere; the risks of increasing of the Artemisia pollen concentration are determined under exceeding of the critical temperature of 18°С, relative humidity of 67% and atmospheric pressure of 980 Pa.Conclusions. The results of the research can be used to predict the emission of potentially hazardous concentrations of weed pollen grains in the atmosphere of the central region of Ukraine using the weather forecast.

The article aims to present the experience of the development of educational and methodical complex for accompanying graphic training of students of Perm national research Polytechnic University. In the heart of the development methodology are competence-based approach, the unification of subject training level in the GEF VPO and modular organization of educational process. A review of the scientific and pedagogical literature and analyzed the experience of the graphic training of students at the technical University. The structure of educational and methodical complex of discipline and justified a resource for the individual units of the complex. In modern conditions the quality of education is determined through the structure of relationships among elements of achievable learning outcomes as a set of knowledge, skills, abilities, possessions. An important task of the teacher is to create learning environments, partially simulating actual professional activity of a graduate to obtain the planned curriculum learning outcomes. Need to reorganize all forms of learning, including lectures, practical classes, laboratory work, independent activities of the trainees and how the integration of individual learning outcomes, – research work of students. When designing tasks for independent work of students used the principle of individualization of learning. When performing tasks, it is possible to choose a student´s trajectory of project development, including the choice of level of complexity, technological implementation and presentation of the finished project. Control and diagnostic unit includes the materials developed for the assessment activities at different stages of the educational process. The description of the applied controls, and provides specific examples of assessment of learning outcomes. For effective organization level graphic training of students of the University have developed a "road map" methodological support of educational activity of students. It allows teachers to efficiently use the available educational resources of the educational-methodical complex. The experience methodological support to effectively implement the educational process in the graphic disciplines, to improve graphic skills and to build the students planned the substantive competence.

Identification of patterns and the search mechanism of interaction products of lipid peroxidation with antioxidant system in the body, as well as selection methods offset correction of biochemical parameters is an important issue of preventive and clinical medicine. The universal response of any organism to the action of one or a group of harmful factors is the increase of energy production in the cells of adaptive systems. It is known that depleted stocks of vitamins antioxidant and peroxide compounds begin to damage the membrane and the receptor apparatus of the functioning and dividing cells. In recent years there have been publications which provide information about a variety of shifts in the LP processes and the function of the antioxidant system of the organism during microwave exposure. Shifts in the processes of lipid peroxidation and the function of the antioxidant system of the organism are present when exposed to EMFs of different frequency bands, but this information doesn’t systematized, contradictory and doesn’t disclosed the full information on the mechanism of action of this factor on the body. This literature review is devoted to the analysis of Russian publications in recent years, about changes of peroxidation processes and the function of the antioxidant system of the organism in the microwave effect of different intensity.

Authors consider modernization of methodology related to development of academic programs of subject training within FSES HPE. Competence-oriented level unification of students’ basic graphic training in technical high educational institutions is given as an example.

Antimicrobial therapy is a significant element of modern medical and pharmaceutical practice. To create more effective medicines the researches are carried out among different classes of organic substances. One of the key strategies in this field is combination of several pharmacophores in a single molecule. In this aspect, the authors´ attention was attracted derivatives xantina, with a wide range of paid activity, and the large variability of the possibility of chemical modification. Objects of the study were derivatives of 3-benzyl-8-methylxanthinyl-7-acetic acid, synthesized by authors´ group previously. Antibacterial properties of these compounds were studied on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and antifungal activity on Candida albicans. It was found that the most active against Staphylococcus aureus compound was substance A-18, which according to this indicator significantly exceeded the Ampicillin. Compounds A-4, A-9, A-ll, A-13, A-19 by antistaphylococcal activity are not inferior to the Am-picillin. Ylidenhydrazide A-16 and S-substituted triazolylmethylxanthines A-22 and A-23 - surpassed it. It was also found that hydra-zide A-3, ylidenhydrazides A-6, A-ll - A-14 and A-17 showed fungistatic properties comparable to the Nystatin.

In the article there are presented the results ofphysiological and hygienic evaluation of studies in kindergarten with the use of educational games on an electronic PC tablet. The study involved 44 foster-children. In one of the groups children in the classroom used the interactive game software on electronic PC tablets "Samsung", the same time while working with the PC tablet did not exceed 10 minutes, in the other--the classes were held traditionally. There were investigated the state of health, psychosomatic and psycho-emotional state of children, determined their functional readiness for systematic training in school, mental performance, the functional state of the central nervous system (CNS) by simple visual-motor reaction (SVMR) and reactions to a moving object (RDO). Developing ofgame sessions with the use of electronic PC tablets for 10 minutes were established to contribute to the activation of the central nervous system and increase in children resistance to the development of fatigue.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is involved in the pathogenesis of about 30% of endometrial cancer cases. In accumulating data from the past few years MSI is shown to have both clinical and prognostic value. In the present work we are discussing the components and molecular mechanisms of functioning of the mismatch repair system (MMR). MSI is a hallmark of endometrial tumors with DNA MMR deficiency. We summarized the main pathways for accumulating mutations in coding and non-coding DNA sequences, which is a result of errors during replication of microsatellite tandem repeats. A few studies rising valuable conclusions about the correlation between MSI and endometrial cancer are revised.

We studied the effect of academic studies with the use a notebook computer and interactive whiteboard on the functional state of an organism of schoolchildren. Using a complex of hygienic and physiological methods of the study we established that regulation of the computer activity of students must take into account not only duration but its intensity either. Design features of a notebook computer were shown both to impede keeping the optimal working posture in primary school children and increase the risk offormation of disorders of vision and musculoskeletal system. There were established the activating influence of the interactive whiteboard on performance activities and favorable dynamics of indices of the functional state of the organism of students under keeping optimal density of the academic study and the duration of its use. There are determined safety regulations of the work of schoolchildren with electronic resources in the educational process.

Two-stage repair is a well-developed method that is commonly used to repair chronic ruptures of flexor digitorum profundus tendons. However, its use in pediatric hand surgery is limited due to the absence of tendon implants adapted for children. The article describes a modified Paneva-Holevich/Hunter technique for two-stage tendon reconstruction using original, oval, Lavsan-reinforced silicone prosthetic implants of four sizes (depending on patients’ age). The surgery was performed in 34 children aged 1.5–17 years. Long-term outcomes were assessed in 12 patients (8 boys and 4 girls) using the Total Active Motion scale. The follow-up period was 30 months. The average active range of motion accounted for 178.8° in boys and 218.8° in girls. The results of treatment (TAM %) were considered good in all the girls (average score of 84.3 %), and in those boys who received surgery for fingers IV and V (average score of 80.0 %). The boys who received tendon repair for fingers II and III had “good” and “poor” results (average score of 67.0 %). The proposed method of two-stage tendon repair of chronic tendon ruptures in fibro-synovial channels in children was shown to provide good results with minimal complication rates and acceptable donor site deficiency., Двухэтапная тендопластика — хорошо разработанный метод лечения застарелых повреждений сухожилий глубоких сгибателей пальцев кисти, однако его применение в детской кистевой хирургии ограничивается отсутствием адаптированных для детей эндопротезов сухожилий. В статье описана модификация метода двухэтапной тендопластики Паневой-Холевич и Hunter с использованием оригинальных силиконовых эндопротезов овального сечения, армированных лавсановой лентой, четырех типоразмеров, соответствующих различным возрастным группам. Были прооперированы 34 ребенка в возрасте 1,5–17 лет, у 12 из них (8 мальчиков и 4 девочек) были оценены отдаленные результаты лечения по шкале Total Active Motion (срок наблюдения — 30 мес.). Средний активный объем движений поврежденного пальца в группе мальчиков составил 178,8°, в группе девочек — 218,8°. Хорошие результаты лечения (TAM %) были отмечены у всех девочек (в среднем 84,3 %), а также у мальчиков, которым оперировали IV и V пальцы (в среднем 80,0 %). У мальчиков, которым оперировали II и III пальцы, наблюдали хорошие и плохие результаты (в среднем 67,0 %). Предложенный метод двухэтапной тендопластики при застарелых повреждениях сухожилий в области фиброзно-синовиальных каналов у детей позволяет достичь хорошего результата с минимальными осложнениями и приемлемым донорским дефицитом.

Let , be measurable maps such that and in measure on a measurable set . Conditions ensuring that the images of Lebesgue measure on under the maps converge in variation to the image of under are presented. For example, one sufficient condition is the convergence of the to in a Sobolev space with and the inclusion . Similar results are obtained for maps between Riemannian manifolds and maps from infinite dimensional spaces.

While higher intake of fish and lower consumption of red/processed meats have been suggested to play a protective role in the etiology of several cancers, prospective evidence for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited, particularly in Western European populations. The associations of fish and meats with HCC risk were analyzed in the EPIC cohort. Between 1992 and 2010, 191 incident HCC were identified among 477 206 participants. Baseline diet was assessed using validated dietary questionnaires. A single 24-h diet recall from a cohort subsample was used for calibration. Multivariable proportional hazard regression was utilized to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). In a nested case-control subset (HCC = 122), HBV/HCV status and liver function biomarkers were measured. HCC risk was inversely associated with intake of total fish (per 20 g/day increase, HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.74-0.95 and HR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.69-0.97 before and after calibration, respectively). This inverse association was also suggested after adjusting for HBV/HCV status and liver function score (per 20-g/day increase, RR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.66-1.11 and RR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.50-1.09, respectively) in a nested case-control subset. Intakes of total meats or subgroups of red/processed meats, and poultry were not associated with HCC risk. In this large European cohort, total fish intake is associated with lower HCC risk.

The problem of constructing a digital PD-stabilizers of mobile objects with noise input signals is discussed . The comparative analysis of the stabilizers with Butterwort and Lanczos filters of the various orders is considered.

High efficiency segmented thermoelectric unicouples STUs made of Bi2Te3 and CoSb3-based alloys have been developed. The performance parameters of elements at selected temperatures ranging from 288 to 673K were tested on the constructed set-up. Characterization of electrical resistances of contacts and materials was made by a scanning thermoelectric microprobe (STM). The extended numerical model of STU, which takes into account i.e. thermal resistances and thermoelectric effects at junctions, as well as, inside segments (Thomson effect) was developed. The results of numerical calculations were compared with experimental data.

A method is proposed for determining the quasistationary linear entrainment rate396-1 and the nonstationary entrainment parameter d0 from measurements of the thickness of the entrained layer during the nonstationary period of the destruction of the surface of a material.

The efficacy of the bioregulator retinalamine in the complex pathogenetic treatment was studied in patients with ocular tuberculosis. Ninety-seven patients (132 eyes) with tuberculous chorioretinitis in the inactive phase were examined. According to the treatment option, the patients were divided into 2 groups: 1) a study group and 2) a control one. Parabulbar injections of retinalamine were made in the study group. In the control one, conventional treatment was used as parabulbar injections of emoxypine (a synthetic antioxidant). As compared with the traditional treatment, retinalamine used in the treatment of patients with tuberculous choriorenitis without clinical signs was ascertained to substantially to improve retinal functional activity, as manifested as a 66.3% increase in visual acuity, a reduction in abnormal scotomas in the field of vision in 72.7% of cases, and electrophysiological parameters as the enhanced activity of the first retinal neuron in 88.3% of case, as shown by the ganz-feld electroretinogram and in 14.3% of cases, as indicated by macular electroretinogram. The higher activity of the second retinal neuron was recorded in 89.6 and 58.4% of cases, as seen in the ganz-feld and macular electroretinograms, respectively. Moreover, inclusion of retinalamine into the complex treatment in patients with tuberculous chorioretinitis slowed down the maturation rate of concomitant age-related cataract and prevented diminished vision in 97.8, 95.6, 66.7, and 53.3% of cases within the first, second, third, and fourth years after treatment, respectively.

1. An increase in the oil temperature in baths of bearings with EMP segments from 30–35 to 60°C leads to a decrease of friction losses by 20–30% due to a decrease of the oil viscosity in the oil film, and also produces an additional effect from a reduction of the consumption of water for cooling. 2. A decrease of the operating reliability of the bearings with EMP segments does not occur when the oil temperature in the bath is increased to 60°C. Therefore there is no need to introduce restrictions in the operating regimes of the units. 3. The existing systems of sealing the oil baths of the bearings do not prevent the escape of oil vapors from the oil baths at an oil temperature of 55–60°C. Therefore reconstruction of the seals is necessary before changing to an oil temperature increased to 60°C. 4. On operating units of hydrostations it is expedient to increase the oil temperature in the baths of the bearings from 30–35° to 45–50°C by reducing the flow rate of the cooling water or disconnecting a part of the coolers, which leads to a decrease of friction losses by 12–15% and does not noticeably increase the escape of oil vapors from the bearing baths. 5. On newly designed bearings with EMP segments it is expedient to specify a smaller number of oil coolers, and it is possible to do away with them entirely by increasing the cooling capacity of the walls of the oil baths, for example, by means of fins on them. 6. To reduce losses in the bearings, the use of other, less viscous oils or other low-viscosity liquids is possible.

The efficiency of the peptide bioregulator retinalamine in the complex treatment of patients with tuberculous chorioretinitis was studied. Ninety-seven patients (69 females and 28 males) with inactive tuberculous chorioretinitis (132 eyes) were followed up. According to the treatment option, the patients were divided into 2 groups: a study group and a control one. Parabulbar injections of retinalamine were used in the study group. The conventional treatment using parabulbar injections of emoxipine (an agent from the group of synthetic antioxidants) was performed in the control group. The results of treatment were assessed by visual acuity, the number of pathological scotomas in the field of vision and the findings of electrophysiological investigations (EPI). Analysis of the results of conventional versus peptide bioregulator therapy used in patients with inactive tuberculous chorioretinitis showed the advantages of retinalamine. This manifested itself as increased visual acuity in 66.3% of the patients receiving retinalamine while in the emoxipine-treated patients, visual acuity increased only in 20% of cases. In the patients taking retinalamine, the positive changes in the field of vision were statistically significant in the number of normal test objects, relative and absolute scotomas while in the emoxipine group, only the reduction in the number of absolute scotomas was significant. The values of EPI suggest that the peptide bioregulator is more effective in enhancing the functional activity of retinal neurons than the synthetic antioxidant.

The aim of the study is to make retrospective analysis of 9 years experience in the feeding of praematuries and high risk newborn in that ward in First City Hospital-Sofia with formula milks "Nenatal" and "Nutrilon-premium". 721--42.4% from all babies in this period were feed with those formulas. With Nenatal only--11.8%, with Nutrilon-premium 88.2%. This the fact is due that all babies under 2000 gr. were fed with Nenatal, and after reaching 2000 gr.--with Nutrilon-premium. The results confirm that Nenatal is right formula for feeding of low and very low birth weight infant, due to its special content and qualities. The results from Nutrilon-premium illustrated that mean gain weight is the biggest in I grade of prematurity--33 grams, followed by matures--30 gr, after them II grade--29 gr., III grade--27 gr., IV grade--26 gr. As a conclusion we may say that mean gain weight for all groups is 29 grams. Consuming all gain weight of the babies feeding with Nutrilon-premium data appear that the biggest is in III of prematurity--1499 grams, followed by IV grade--1418 gr., I grade--1341 spama, II grade--1219 gr., and last matures--745 gr.

In experiment on adult rats male the anxiolitic action of new plant origin drug Iridol, enriched with compounds iridoids, is shown. This effect of Iridol was approximately the same as by diazepam. In patients with arterial hypertension I - II degree, accompanied by psychoemotional disturbances, the use of Iridol in complex treatment increases efficacy of therapy.

The role of hypoxia as one of the main factors in the development of various pathologic processes is discussed. The anthihypoxic efficacy and mechanisms action of synthetic drugs (oliphen, amtizole, mexidol) and some polyphenolic agents of plant origin are considered. Among the mechanisms of antihypoxant action of these drugs, an especially important role belongs to the stimulation of expression of heat shock proteins and hypoxia-induced factors, which increase the stability of organism under the conditions of oxygen insufficiency.